USA > Indiana > Greene County > History of Greene and Sullivan Counties, State of Indiana > Part 6
USA > Indiana > Sullivan County > History of Greene and Sullivan Counties, State of Indiana > Part 6
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
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In the winter of 1837-38, there was on hand of the fund $879.264. The law provided that when the fund reached $400 the Trustees, at their option,
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
might erect a seminary building, but no attempt of this kind was made until October, 1837, when Ruel Learned contracted to erect on the seminary lots a two-storied brick building, 25x50 feet, and 23 feet high to the plates, for which he was to receive $1, 100. The contract required the completion of the building within one year, but this was not done. The exact date cannot be given, though the house was ready for occu- pancy in 1844. After the house was finished, though it had cost more than was expected, the accumulation of the fund was so rapid that $317.04 was in the hands of T. H. Carson, Secretary of the Trustees. As late as 1852, the fact that no deed of the seminary lots had been made to the Trustees by the Town Agent, as was ordered nineteen years before, was brought to the attention of the County Board, whereupon the order was revived and re-issued. In 1852, Chapter 97 of the Revised Statutes pro- vided for the sale of the seminary property and the transfer of the pro- ceeds into the common school fund. The property was accordingly ad- vertised and sold in July, 1853, as follows: Lots 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35, and the building to William Mason for $673; Lots 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40 to Joseph Lyons for $113; total proceeds of sale, $786. The transfer of the property to these men seems not to have been made, as in July, 1863, ten years later, the whole property was sold for $780 to William D. Rit. ter, Trustee of Richland Township. An account of the schools in this building will be found in the chapter on Bloomfield.
POPULATION OF THE COUNTY.
In 1820 (estimated). 400
In 1880
4,242
In 1840.
8,821
In 1850.
18,318
Tn 1860
16,041
In 1870 ..
19,514
In 1880.
22,996
MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS OF INTEREST.
During and since the war, large amounts of money were and have been paid as relief and bounty. In September, 1862, the following was spread upon the records of the County Board: "Ordered, that the board is hereby adjourned as it appears impossible to transact business owing to the crowd of persons thronging the court house for the purpose of applying for exemption from military duty by the Board of Examiners now in session." The county jail of 1859-60 had forced the County Board to issue several thousand dollars' worth of bonds, which were slowly redeemed during the years of the war. In the autumn of 1864, the County Board, upon being petitioned to that effect, refused to make an appropriation from the county funds to aid drafted men. Within two or three years after the war, when the county began to recover its former
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
equanimity, the construction of costly ditches to drain the wet lands of the county, and costly bridges across the rivers and larger creeks to afford easier and quicker inter-communication, was commenced and has con- tinued until the present. One of the first ditches (under the law of March 11, 1867) was built in the southern part of Jefferson Township. In September, 1867, a safe for the Treasurer's office was purchased at a cost of $1,000. The Timmons Ditching Company filed articles of incor- poration in October, 1873, some of the leading members being W. H. Timmons, James Bull, W. D. Myers, James Hicks. Certain lands in Washington Township were to be ditched. The White River bridge northwest of Bloomfield was built in 1873-74 by Miller, Jamison & Co., for $27.80 per foot, there being 580 feet-$16,124. Late in the sixties, and in the seventies prior to August, 1875, there had been issued in county bonds, Nos. 1 to 48, each for $500, making a total sale of bonds of $24,000, for the purpose of building certain bridges, ditches, etc. In August, 1875, Nos. 49 to 60 inclusive were sold for $6,000, to raise funds to repair the damages of the famous flood of August of that year, on which occasion the water rose higher than ever known before, destroying almost totally the crops of all descriptions on the bottom lands. In 1876, the McKissick Ditching Company was organized and incorporated.
THE COUNTY PAUPERS.
The first order which appears upon the Commissioners' record for the support of the county poor was issued to Catharine Slinkard in January, 1829, for caring for Fanny Law. So far as known, all such help prior to this had been furnished in the townships under the direction of Over- seers of the Poor, two or three of whom were constantly in office from the earliest organization. It is possible the above order was not the first made by the County Board. Afterward, the expense of panpers was an annual recurrence to be provided for as any other county outlay. Catha- rine Slinkard continued to care for Fanny Law for some time, and was paid at the rate of about $1 per week. This was in Plummer Township. Peter and Jane Graves were two poor persons of Highland Township. John Hower, Overseer of the Poor, was paid $1.50 for " farming them out " to Christopher Nation at $1.50 per week. The method of "farming out" the poor was to sell at auction or otherwise their care to the lowest responsible bidder. Sometimes the indigent fell into cruel hands and were half starved and otherwise misused. In the years 1836-37, the County Board paid $158.99 for the care of the poor. In 1843, contract was entered into between the County Board and Obadiah T. Barker, whereby the latter agreed to take all the permanent paupers of the county to his home at Scotland aud care for them, the county bearing all neces- sary expense and paying him for his trouble. The first three paupers under his care were Abner Hunter, Thomas Roach and Martha Roach.
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
He took them in March and May, 1843. He presented a bill of $72.54 in December, 1843, which was duly honored. Mr. Barker was an excel. lent man for the place. He was intelligent, kind, firm and rigidly just. In March, 1846, a different contract was made with Mr. Barker. He agreed to provide all necessaries for the county paupers, old and young, and keep them at his "Asylum" at Scotland, for $1 each per week. He gave bond of $500 for the faithful performance of the trust. For the fiscal year ending June, 1845, the poor cost $257.80, and for the year ending June, 1848, poor and poor farm $933.54. In December, 1846, Mr. Barker reported five inmates of the "Asylum," and presented a claim of $98.61, which was promptly paid. In March, 1847, Nancy Hatfield seems to have succeeded Mr. Barker as Superintendent of the Poor. She contracted to care for the paupers for $1 each per week, and entered into bonds for $500. In September, 1847, the County Board gave notice that they would receive proposals in October, of land for a poor farm. At that time several tracts were considered. At last seventy-eight acres of the west half of the south half of the west fractional Section 34, Town- ship 7 north, Range 5 west, were bought of Edwin Simpson for #10 an acre, the county to pay mortgages of $270.73, and the remainder, $509.27, in cash. Immediate arrangements were made to build a log poor house, and Mr. Simpson took the contract of putting up a hewed-log house. 18x26 feet, as high as the roof or plates, for $35, the work to be completed December 1, 1847. This house was duly erected according to contract, and cost $33 instead of $35. The house was completed during the winter. In March, 1848, Peter Wright was given charge of the poor and the poor farm for two years for $199, and was to receive certain extras and allowances. There were eleven paupers at this time.
In March, 1850, the board bought twenty-five acres of John Brad- ford for $250, to be used as an addition to the poor farm. At this time, Nancy Hatfield became Superintendent of the Poor, and continued as such for several years, or until 1857, when she was succeeded by Samuel Williams. Mrs. Hatfield was paid $1.25 per week for each pauper. Mr. Williams agreed to provide necessaries for all for one year for $799, he to have certain receipts from the farm. Just before this change of Su- perintendents, the poor farm was sold to Joseph Lyons for nearly $3,000; and ninety-four acres of part of the southeast quarter of Section 23, Town- ship 7 north, Range 5 west, were purchased of him for about the same amount, the notes he had given for the old farm being returned to him for the new-exact figures and dates cannot be given. In 1858, G. W. Osborn contracted to build on the new farm a frame poor house, 18x40 feet, ten feet high, to be finished by December, 1858, for $900 in county orders. This contract was faithfully executed. In March, 1859, George Steele became Superintendent, for $575 per year. There were nine in- mates of the asylum at this time. The poor cost the county $913.08
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
in 1857-58. Thomas Flinn succeeded Steele in March, 1860, for $949 for two years. There were ten inmates at this period, and twelve in September. Nancy Hatfield again took charge in March, 1862, for two years, at $1 per week for each pauper and the use of the farm. Harry Parsons succeeded her in 1864, for two years, all supplies to be furnished by the county, and Mr. Parsons to be paid $30 per month. Since that time, among the Superintendents have been Thomas S. Martindale, 1872; Thomas Cravens, 1876; J. G. Warnick, 1877; James Warren, 1879; James G. Warnick, 1880; James Inman, 1881; James Stewart, 1882; Clifton E. Dixson, 1883: There are at the present writing (December, 1883) thirty inmates. The cost has steadily increased until now the permanent paupers require an outlay of between $5,000 and $6,000 an- nually. The temporary pauper help would more than double this amount. The new brick poor house was erected by M. K. Tatout, in 1877-78, for $5,840, contract price, and a few hundred dollars extras. The total cost was about $6,500. The building is a credit to Greene County.
TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY ALTERATIONS ..
When the county was first organized and divided into townships, in 1821, the present Beech Creek, Center and Jackson Townships were Bur- lingame Township; Highland, Jefferson, Smith and Wright were High- land; Richland, Fairplay, Grant and Stockton were Richland; Cass and Taylor were Plummer; Stafford and Washington were Stafford. In May, 1828, all of the above Richland Township west of White River was constituted Dixson Township. It included the present Stockton, Grant and Fairplay. At the same time, all of the above Highland Township west of White River (the present Jefferson, Smith and Wright) was con- stituted Smith Township. A week or two later, all of Greene County in the forks of White and Eel Rivers was organized as Eel River Township. In May, 1829, Beech Creek was created as it now is except the two west- ern tiers of sections, and extended south to the center of the present Center Township. Jackson Township was created at the same time, six miles east and west, and nine miles north and south. In August, 1829, Fairplay Township was created out of Dixson, with the present limits. At the same time, the remainder of Dixson was created Black Creek Township, thus doing away entirely with Dixson Township. In January, 1830, the name Black Creek Township was changed to Stockton Town- ship. In November, 1830, Washington Township, with its present boundaries, was organized out of Stafford Township. The boundary of Beech Creek was changed in May, 1835. In January, 1838, Wright Township was created out of Smith, and extended two miles farther east than at present. In November, 1841, Center Township was created with its present boundaries. In June, 1849, Plummer Township disappeared and Cass and Taylor were created out of it as they are at present. In
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
March, 1869, Grant Township was created out of Stockton, about as it is at present. These are the leading township alterations, except that a few years ago Eel River Township was attached to Jefferson. The crea- tion of the last-named township was about the year 1830, the exact date not being obtainable.
THE GREENE COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.
On the 27th of February, 1858, the following resident physicians of the county met at Bloomfield and organized the Greene County Medical Society: W. C. Smydth,' S. M. Wright, J. A. Minich, J. N. Con. ley, David Detor, F. F. Blaser, J. S. Mayfield, S. C. Owen, J. W. Harvey and E. B. Maxwell. The meeting was called to order, and on motion W. C. Smydth was made Chairman and E. B. Maxwell Secretary. The following doctors were then appointed a committee to draft a consti- tution and by-laws, which they did and reported for adoption, and which, with some modification and improvements, was formally received as the law of the society. The constitution provided for the necessary officers and committees, prescribed their respective duties, specified and regu- jated the proceedings of the society at the regular monthly meetings, and made the necessary arrangement for special lectures and discussions on all questions of interest to the local medical profession. The following officers for the first year were then elected: William C. Smydth, Presi. dent; David Detor, Vice President; E. B. Maxwell, Secretary; J. A. Minich, Corresponding Secretary; F. F. Blaser, Treasurer; J. N. Con- ley, S. M. Wright and J. S. Mayfield, Censors. At the next meeting of the society, an important paper was read on "The Benefits of a County Medical Society." After this, meetings were held monthly. In October, 1858, Dr. Detor read an essay on the subject of "Typhoid Fever," which attracted much attention from the county physicians, owing to its depth and to the originality of many of the views. About this time, also, Dr. W. D. Armstrong delivered before the society an address of unusual power. In a year or two, the society seems to have become de- funct, from what cause cannot be positively stated.
In May, 1864, the society was re-organized by the following physi- cians: W. C. Smydth, J. N. Conley, W. S. Green, C. A. Meacham, S. C. Cravens, S. A. Connell, W. A. O'Neal, J. A. Minich, C. P. Gerstin- ger, John Halstead, W. B. Squire, W. F. Sherwood, Evan J. Jackson, N. P. Merret, E. Morgan, M. L. Holt, A. J. Axtell, S. L. Stoddard and C. W. McDaniel. Later than this, a fee bill was adopted, but what fur- ther was done cannot be stated, as the records seem not to have been pre- served.
In May, 1867, the society was againre-organized, with the following membership: M. G. Mullinnix, A. H. Secrest, W. F. Sherwood, J. N. Conley, W. C. Smydth, J. A. Minich, S. C. Cravens, J. W. Gray, H. V.
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
Norvell, M. L. Holt, W. S. Green, Jacob MoIntosh, W. B. Squires, Dowden, W. C. Hilburn, S. L. Stoddard, C. W. McDaniel and A. J. Axtell. The following permanent officers retired: Jason N. Conley, President; C. A. Meacham, Vice President; John W. Gray, Secretary; Samuel C. Cravens, Corresponding Secretary; Horace V. Norvell, Treas- urer. Another "fee bill " was adopted at this time. The following per- manent officers were elected for the ensuing year (1867): W. O. Smydth, President; W. F. Sherwood, Vice President; S. C. Cravens, Secretary; J. A. Minich, Treasurer; J. N. Conley, M. G. Mullinniz and J. W. Gray, Committee on Ethics. The old constitution and by-laws was revised and adopted. The next meeting was held in Angust, 1867, at Worthington, and the next at Linton. After this the minutes of the meetings were mis- placed until May, 1869, when the society convened in the old seminary building at the county seat. At this meeting, one of the members was ex. pelled for " conduct unbecoming an honorable member of the medical profession. " At this meeting, S. C. Cravens was elected President; J. N. Conley, Vice President; J. N. Jones, Secretary; J. W. Gray, Treas- urer; W. C. Smydth, A. H. Secrest and A. J. Axtell, Committee on Eth- ics. The next recorded meeting was held at Bloomfield in 1871. 'After this the meetings became more interesting and were held quarterly quite regularly. Essays on all conceivable medical subjects of local interest were read and thoroughly discussed to the manifest instruction and ben- efit of all the membership. Such subjects as the following were brought before the society: Cholera infantum, typhoid fever, pneumonia, pelvic viscera of females, secretions of the liver and the use of mercury, erysip- elas, cholera, bilious and intermittent fovers, child-birth, scarlatina, heart disorder, etc., etc.
In May, 1875, the society was re-organized and constituted a branch of the State Medical Society. The constitution and by-laws was re- arranged and re-adopted. The following physicians became members: J. W. Gray, P. L. Brouillette, E. W. Hilburn, W. C. Smydth, S. C. Cravens, B. A. Rose, H. R. Lowder, S. H. McCormick, John M. Harrah, J. P. McIntosh, J. R. Shanklin, E. J. Jackson, S. V. Mullinnix, W. L. Green, T. Aydelotte, M. Beaty, John W. Hannan, James E. Talbot. The meetings were held quite regularly with much interest, until June, 1876, when they seem to have been abandoned until April, 1878, when the society was again re-organized, with the following membership: P. L. Brouillette, S. C. Cravens, J. W. Gray, H. Gasteneau, Marshall Beaty, J. Hanna, H. R. Lowder, G. G. Laughead, H. V. Norvoll, J. N. Conley, B. A. Rose, J. Kutch, J. Mullane, H. C. Littlejohn, W. B. Spencer, N. Williams, H. L. Hartzall, E. Morgan, W. H. Burk, E. W. Hilburn, J. A. Sims, Willis Cole, N. C. Burge, Sim Gray. After about a year, meet- ings were partially abandoned, until April, 1881, when the following officers were elected: G. G. Laughead, President; Caleb Lowder, Secre-
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
tary; P. L. Brouillette, Treasurer; H. R. Lowder, P. L. Brouillette and S. C. Cravens, Censors. H. R. Louder, P. L. Brouillette, E. W. Hil- burn and H. V. Norvell were elected delegates to the State Medical As- sociation, and J. W. Gray and W. H. Cole delegates to the National Medical Association. Meetings have since been held regularly. The present officers (January, 1884) are: J. M. Harrah, President; Sam- nel Haywood, Secretary; T. B. Rankin, Treasurer; John Haig, H. R. Lawler and J. S. Blackburn, Censors. Among other members of the society have been H. S. Hartzell, W. E. Ground, T. V. Norvell, T. B. Rankin, W. L. Wilson, E. T. Sherwood, Joseph Mullane, J. E. Talbot, W. F. Sherwood, R. A. J. Benefiel, E. Dean, W. W. Bridwell, Dr. Kelshaw, Dr. Neeley, O. P. McKissick, A. Cullison, C. W. Keys, E. A. Stone. The society has seen many ups and downs, but still lives though enfeebled by the wastings of organic disease and the consumption of in- activity and unconcern. This is the best record that can be given of the society.
RAILROADS.
The first railroad projected across Greene County was the old North & South road from Evansville northward early in the decade of the fifties. No work was done on this route in Greene County, except a limited amount of clearing in Cass and perhaps other townships. The first road built was the Indianapolis & Vincennes Railway. It was projected before the last war, and the project revived during the war, but not car- ried to completion until Gen. Burnside assumed control, graded the bed, put down the iron and put on the rolling stock, finishing in 1868-69. It soon passed to other parties and still again to others, and is at pres- ent (1884) operated under a lease of ninety-nine years by the Pennsylva- nia Company. So far as can be learned, the county of Greene furnished no aid in the construction of this road. Private parties along the route, however, furnished in some instances the right of way, and considerable stock was taken here and there throughout the county. Depot grounds and freight yards were usually furnished.
In 1869-70, Washington Township petitioned to have levied upon the property, a tax not to exceed two per centum to aid the Evansville & Indianapolis Railroad, which was to pass through Newberry and thence across the township, forming a junction with the Indianapolis & Vin- cennes. An election was ordered held to decide whether the aid should be granted. The same action was taken in reference to Casa Township. The townships of Jefferson and Richland, in 1871, were granted the right to vote on the question of granting aid to the North & South Railroad. In March, 1872, Smith Township asked for and was granted the right to vote on the question of raising by taxation the sum of $6,000 to aid the St. Louis & Cincinnati Straight Line Railroad, and at the same time the same privilege was granted Wright Township, the amount to be raised
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HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY.
being $5,900. Smith voted 59 for the tax and 33 against it; and Wright voted 98 for and 104 against.
In 1872, the County Board was petitioned by 143 citizens, to submit the question to the legal voters of the whole county, of aiding by taxa- tion the Cincinnati & Terre Haute Railroad to the amount of $100,000. The election was ordered held April 21, 1872. Wright Township was again permitted to vote whether to aid the Straight Line road with the following result: 58 for and 155 against. That settled the question.
, Jefferson and Richland voted aid for the North & South road, and the tax was actually levied, but the amount collected, about $600, was refunded to the payers when the road was abandoned. The election in the county on the question of aiding the Terre Haute road was lost.
In December, 1874, Stockton Township asked permission to vute a tax of $8,985 in aid of the Bloomfield Railroad; Richland asked the same to the extent of $7,725; Jackson the same to the extent of $10,000; Grant the same to the extent of $4,005. The election was ordered held, but with what result cannot be stated. Center also voted on the ques- tion, but as the road was not built there the tax was not levied.
In 1875, Clark, Buell, Donahay & Co., projected the Bloomfield Rail- road, which was to extend from Bloomfield westward to the Wabash River, and at the same time projected a continuation of the road from Bloomfield through to Bedford, the latter being known as the Bedford, Springville, Owensburg & Bloomfield Railroad. During the fall or winter of 1875, this company transferred all their contracts to Conley, Mason & Co., who undertook to complete both branches of the road. The portion from Bloomfield to Switz was finished by the 1st of October, 1875, and cost about $29,000; and the portion from Bloomfield to Bed- ford was completed by the 4th of July, 1876, and cost about $120,000. About all the means to build the grade was furnished by donations, sub- scriptions, taxes, etc. The company which had undertaken to complete the road was unable to do so, although large amounts of real estate had been pledged. It was found necessary to enter into debt to secure the equipment of the road with iron and rolling stock, the rolling mill com- pany of Indianapolis becoming the creditors. Various bonda, etc., were turned over to the mill company to secure them, besides mortgages on the property. As none of this could be satisfied when due, the mill company took full control when the road was finished; and when Con- ley, Mason & Co., went into bankruptcy, the mill company bought the absolute right in the road at bankrupt sale. This was about the course of events.
Another project in 1881-82 was the extension of the Greencastle, Eel River & Vincennes Railroad through the western tier of townships. The townships Wright, Stafford and Stockton asked leave to vote aid, and were granted the right, but before the election came off the right to vote
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was rescinded by the County Board. It is probable that other railroad projects have been contemplated across Greene County.
The Terre Haute & Southeastern Railway was completed to Worth- ington in 1879, a considerable amount of local help being furnished. The project included the extension of the road southward, possibly to Bloomfield, but probably along the west side of the river, crossing at Newberry. This extension is a probable event of the near future. The amount of assistance furnished cannot be stated, though it is well known that Worthington gave a "good round yum," and other portions along the proposed route have promised ample help. Bloomfield cannot af- ford to lose this road.
CHAPTER V.
THE COUNTY DRAINAGE-AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES-EQUESTRIAN AND LIVE STOCK FAIRS-THE VARIOUS RE-ORGANIZATIONS-COUNTY FI- NANCES-STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES-BONDS AND BRIDGES-THE WABASH AND ERIE CANAL-ORIGIN OF THE SCHOOL FUNDS-SPECIAL SCHOOL REVENUE-STATISTICS-EARLY ACTION ON THE FREE SCHOOL SYSTEM-EARLY JUSTICES OF THE PEACE-CATA- LOQUE OF COUNTY OFFICERS-POLITICS-THE BALLOT OF PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS.
T THE citizens of the county, especially those on the west side of the river, have within the last decade or two become aware of the great importance of drainage. Prior to five or six years ago, there were but two or three open or underdrains of any magnitude in the county, but about 1877, under new and urgent State Laws, the matter was brought into greater notice, and petitions were received by the County Board for the establishment of open ditches in various portions of the county. Since that time, ten or twelve open ditches have been projected, and several completed, while others are still in a partially finished state. The following are the ditches by names, with the cost as estimated and reported by the viewing Commissioners, and the general location: Mor- gan Ditch, to cost $5,803, in Townships 7 and 8, Range 5; Clogaton Ditch, to cost $800, in Township 6, Range 5 or 6; Wells Ditch, to cost $1,387.50, in Township 6, Range 6; Hills Ditch, to cost $1, 767, in Townships 5 and 6, Range 6; the Stalcup Ditch, to cost $27,195, in Townships 6 and 7, Range 5; the McKee Ditch, to cost $555, in Town- ship 6, Range 6; the Axe Ditch, to cost $2,480, in Township 6, Range 6; the Plummer Ditch, to cost probably several thousand dollars, and pos- sibly two or three others that have been overlooked. The total estimated cost is about $40,000. This is an excellent showing, and should be con, tinued.
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