History of Henry County, Indiana, Part 81

Author:
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Chicago: Inter-State Pub. Co.
Number of Pages: 996


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Raysville has long been noted for its fine nurseries and vege- table gardens. The nurseries were started by John C. Teas, and are now managed by John Bird. The vegetable gardens are owned by John Brando.


MAPLE VALLEY.


Maple Valley postoffice, at Elizabeth City, was established in the fall of 1879, and A. F. Yetter was made Postmaster. He was succeeded Oct. 15, 1883, by the present Postmaster, S. W. Over- man.


GRANT CITY.


This little village, containing about 110 inhabitants, was laid out in 1869, by Jacob Green, who opened the first store in the fol- lowing year. Grant City has one store, one saw-mill, one tile factory, one blacksmith, one physician and two churches-Method- ist and Friends.


KNIGHTSTOWN.


This beautiful and prosperous town is situated on the west bank of Blue River, near the southern line of Wayne County. The country surrounding is rich and well improved. The National road and the main line of the Chicago, St. Louis & Pittsburg Railroad pass through the town. Knightstown is an important trading point and its citizens are enterprising, energetic, and inany of them wealthy. For substantial and elegant business houses, tasty private residences, churches and schools, few towns of equal population can surpass Knightstown.


The town was platted in 1827, just after the National road was located, and named in honor of Jonathan Knight, an engineer


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employed by the Government upon the road. Waitsell M. Cary was the first settler, and the proprietor of the town. He moved from Springfield, Ohio, to the old village of West Liberty about 1825, and there followed the hatter's trade for two years. He pur- chased the greater portion of the tract now the site of the town and when the National road was surveyed, had the land laid off into town lots. About 1830 he began to furnish entertainment to travelers, and in 1832 opened a licensed tavern. The next house erected after Cary's was built by Dawson Sanford. Sanford died two years after coming here, his death being the first that occurred in the town. George Martz built the third house in the town. A man named Isham, in 1829 or 1830, erected the house now owned by Howell Swain, which is one of the oldest buildings now standing.


The first birth in the town was that of a child born to the wife of George Martz. The first marriage was solemnized in February, 1830, by Judge Anderson, of Raysville. Asa Heaton, and Mary, daughter of W. M. Cary, were the happy couple.


The first store. was opened in 1829 by Isaac James and Levi Griffith in partnership. Other early merchants were: J. B. Low and James Woods.


The first physician was Dr. Hiatt, who was also an early teacher in the town. He remained here about two years. He was a Quaker, from Richmond, to which place he returned. Dr. Joseph M. Whitesell. now the oldest physician in Henry County, settled in Knightstown in 1831.


Knightstown postoffice was established about 1832. James Mc- Colly was the first Postmaster. His successors in the office have been: John Mayes, Asa Heaton, Fielding L. Goble, George Davis, A. B. Fithian, J. W. White, Edward B. Niles, Valentine Steiner, John Bell and others.


The town grew slowly. Its aspect remained wild and primi- tive. Even after 1830 bears were sometimes seen in the streets of the town, and one well-known citizen had a memorable advent- ure with one. The morals of the village were not exactly correct, according to modern standards. The amount of fighting and whisky drinking was large in proportion to population. These features passed away gradually.


An old resident, who came to Knightstown in 1837, ten years after the town was founded, thus describes the place at that time: "The population did not exceed 500. Most of the houses


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were on Main street or National road, though there were some buildings on the two streets parallel with Main. The houses were small and all of wood. Fielding L. Goble put up the first brick house during the year 1837. The principal merchants were Hart & Tate, Low & McCain, and Woods & Johnson. The prin- cipal tavern, which was also the stage office, was kept by H. Dillon."


According to the returns made by the lister of the corporation of Knightstown, in 1839, the value of the real estate at that date was $226,618, showing that Knightstown, even thus early, was on the way to prosperity. But what of the appearance of the town at that time? June 18, 1839, under the head of "Our Town," the Indiana Sun says editorially:


"What beauties are presented in the town? Alas! They are few. The site is level and extended; the streets are wide, but how they look! unshaded, muddy, unpaved, and without side- walks. The public square is in part a mud-hole, strewed over with wood and chips and fragments of old timber; the market- house until recently a hog-shelter; the alleys blocked up with heaps of offal. The houses are, many of them, unsightly, being low, ill-shaped, some of them painted only in front and some not at all. Here and there is a good-looking building with handsome shades around, but too many are entirely out of taste. This, how- ever, is incidental to all new towns that spring up in the West, and arises from the poverty of the first settlers and the unskillfulness of artists.


"Our town surpasses many others in the appearance of its buildings already, and is gradually improving. As the wealth of its citizens increases, which will be proportionate to the growth of the country around, mean houses will give place to better ones. The unfinished state of the National road is a great hindrance to the improvement of this town. Its speedy completion would giv the place a new start, and encourage the citizens to bestow pains upon the buildings and streets; but they need not put off every- thing till our fickle-minded and dilatory Government shall finish the road; it is in their power to make improvements now. Small houses may be made to look neat. There are a few examples of such scattered through the village."


In 1840 the entire population of Wayne Township, including Knightstown, was 2,480.


From the early local papers of the town we are able to get the


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names of some of the business men. In the Indiana Sun of March 22, 1839, Fielding L. Goble, Knightstown, advertises 115,- 000 brick for sale; C. & J. T. White request their customers to call and settle; a sale of lots in Knightstown is announced by John Lowry and E. K. Hart; J. C. Ramsey desires his debtors to settle; Daniel Mason has "a splendid assortment of groceries." The above were the only business men who then advertised in the local paper. Culbertson, Chambers & Co., merchants, advertise in 1841; also Daniel Mason, Low & McCain, James Woods, and A. M. Britain, merchants; G. W. Riddell and J. M. Whitesell, physicians; Tate & Evans, druggists ; George Davis, tailor ; Emerson & Foxworthy, tailors; E. & B. W. Evans, hat and cap manufacturers; Harvey Bell, copper and sheet-iron ware manufact- urer ; John A. Miller, cabinet-maker; S. Charles & Co., chair- makers, and Wm. G. Grubbs, saddler.


The people of this town were wide awake upon the subject of public improvements at a comparatively early date. We find that on the 17th of February, 1838, an act of the Legislature was ap- proved, incorporating the Knightstown Canal, Manufacturing and Trading Company. This company, with a capital stock of $500,- 000, was authorized to construct a canal from the stone quarry four miles north of Knightstown to the town; to build houses, mills, etc., and to use the surplus water of the canal as a water-power. The incorporators were: J. W. Macy, Solomon McCain, E. K. Hart, George Davis, W. M. Cary, Wm. M. Tate and J. M. Whitesell. The scheme was never carried out.


The lack of transportati acilities and convenient markets was a serious obstacle in the way of rapid growth of the town. For years Cincinnati, nearly a hundred miles distant, was the principal trading place of Knightstown merchants, and thither produce was shipped by teams, which returned with goods and supplies. When the Whitewater Canal was finished to Cambridge City, the achievement brought great rejoicing to Knightstown people. Twenty miles was but a short distance to transport produce. But still greater advantages were soon afforded through the completion of the Knightstown & Shelbyville Railroad in the year 1850. A few years later the Indiana Central Railroad reached the town, placing it in direct communication with important business cen- ters, and greatly benefiting business of every kind.


Since the war improvement has been more rapid than at any other time. Nearly all the best business buildings on Main street


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have been built, streets have been improved, and almost the whole town has undergone a transformation.


In 1838 Caleb White built a grist-mill, and soon after Joel Pusey built another, south of town. Flouring mills on the same site are still in operation, doing a large amount of business. There are now four mills in operation in and near Knightstown, operated by Joseph A. Church, Wilkinson, Smith & Co., Holland, and Edmund White.


An important industry, established and carried on by John Casely for several years, was the manufacture of flax goods. The factory was twice burned, once by the striking of lightning. Since the last destruction of the building, in 1881, the business has not been resumed. Mr. Casely formerly employed from forty to fifty persons, and conducted a large business.


One of the most destructive fires ever known in Knightstown occurred Monday, Feb. 24, 1868. The Probasco Block, a large and valuable building, was then destroyed, and several neighboring buildings damaged. The loss was about $30,000, half of which was on the building. Mr. Tenny and Mr. Probasco, merchants, Mr. Thayer, furniture dealer, Mr. Albright, artist, and the I. O. O. F. Lodge were all heavy losers.


The principal business interests of Knightstown in the year 1884 may be summarized as follows: Dry-goods store: Williams & Carroll, Hatfield & Williams, John Charles, H. H. Condit, M. B. Harris. Clothing store: J. T. Furgason. Drug stores: W. M. Edwards, Pickering & Patterson, C. A. Humphrey, John Weaver. Groceries: Allen S. White, Hibben & Addison, A. O. Morris, Jas. Mills, R. E. Ernest, Ed. Swaim. Hardware stores: H. & W. N. Bell & Co., E. S. Ball & Co., L. M. Culbertson. Stoves and tinware: Brecenridge & Co., C. F. Lemon. Bakers: Thomas Manning, Solomon Hittle. Shoe stores: C. S. Hubbard, Hoffler & McNurney, Ed. Mossler, Nathan Wade. Furniture dealers: J. W. Heaton, D. L. Heritage, James Powers. Hotels: Shipman House, Valley House. Livery stables: John Shipman, Winfield Jackson, Geo. Davie, Hiatt Bros. Saddlery and harnesses: Barney Brosius, Thomas Hoover. Grain merchants: Peter Welborn & Son, Wilkinson, Peden & Co. Lawyers: L. P. Newby, C. M. Butler, J. Lee Furgason, Milton S. Reddick. Physicians: Dr. J. M. Whitesell (retired), W. B. McGavrin, H. V. Winston, H. M. Crouse, W. M. Ewing, Wilson Hobbs, O. W. Hobbs, O. E. Hollo- way, A. W. Green, Smith Holloway (retired), Dr. Harrington,


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D. A. Cole. Dentists: T. P. Wagoner, M. H. Chappell, Wm. Murray.


The First National Bank of Knightstown was organized April 25, 1865, with a capital of $100,000. The first officers were Robert Woods, President; C. D. Morgan, Cashier; W. P. Hill, Assistant Cashier. The same still continues in office. The origi- nal Directors were: Robert Woods, C. S. Hubbard, John T. White, Thomas E. Hill, John H. Bales and U. L. Risk. On the 14th of January, 1879, the capital was reduced to $50,000, which is the present capital. The surplus fund is $50,000, and the amount of undivided profits on hand, $22,938. The bank is one of the most substantial financial institutions of Eastern Indiana. Its present Directors are: Robert Woods, Charles Henley, W. P. Hill, Ellison Williams and C. D. Morgan.


The principal manufacturing interests of Knightstown in 1884 are represented by the following firms: Planing-mills and lumber business: Peter Watts, Joseph Pike; John W. Heaton, saw-mill; Robert Forbis, saw-mill. Foundry, James Wilkins. Pump factory: Woods & Sample. Carriage factories: Charles Davenport, A. T. Hart. Wagon manufacturers: Graf & Wallace, Woods & Sample.


Church's Premium Mills were erected by Frank Alexander, in 1863-'4, and purchased in June, 1864, by J. A. Church. The mill is run with water-power, is provided with good machinery, and has a capacity of about 100 barrels per day. Mr. Church deals both by wholesale and retail in flour, grain, etc.


Grant City Tile Works .- These works were established in 1879 by a Mr. Hackett, who sold out to the present proprietors, Edwards & Saint. They make drain tile, from three to ten inches in diam- eter, completing about 100 rods per day. Their products have a ready sale and the business is prosperous.


The population of Knightstown was 1,528 in 1870, and 1,670 in 1880. The town was incorporated about 1840.


LODGES.


Masonic .- Golden Rule Lodge, No. 16, F. & A. M., was granted a charter in 1844, having worked under a dispensation for two years previously. The early records having been burned, the charter members cannot be given. Dr. J. M. Whitesell, who joined the lodge prior to 1844, states that George C. McCune (the first W. M. of the lodge), Solomon McCain, George Davis, Dr. Tyler,


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Bridges, Jacob Alspaugh and two others constituted the charter members. The lodge now has 116 members. The present officers are: G. P. Graf, W. M .; James Armstrong, S. W .; O. E. Holloway, J. W .; John Weaver, Treas .; R. L. Harrison, Sec .; Benj. James, Tyler.


Knightstown Chapter, No. 33, R. A. M .. was organized Feb. 5, 1856. It now has about sixty members, and the following officers: T. B. Wilkinson, H. P .; T. Fish, K .; John Powers, S .; John Weaver, T .; R. L. Harrison, Rec.


Knightstown Commandery, No. 9, K. T., was organized under the name of William Hacker Commandery, No. 9, Feb. 27, 1866, with the following officers: William Hacker, E. C .; Lewis Burk, G .; Joseph M. Whitesell, C. G .; Christian Fetta, P .; Almon Sam- son, S. W .; Ed. A. Jones, J. W .; Henry L. Beale, W .; Noble Butler, Rec. The name was changed to Knightstown Command- ery, April 8, 1874, at the request of William Hacker. The com- mandery now has seventy-seven members. The present officers are: G. P. Graf, E. C .; J. M. Whitesell, G .; T. B. Wilkinson, C. G .; R. Peden, P .; C. I. Lemon, S. W .; L. P. Newby, J. W .; John Weaver, T .; C. A. Humphrey, Rec .; Madison Tyre, St. B .; Tighlman Fish, Swd. B .; J. Lee Furgason, W .; A. T. Hart, Guard.


Cryptic Council, No. 29, Royal and Select Masons, was organ- ized May 19, 1868, with the following charter members: James Hall, H. M. Crouse, N. H. Cannaday, B. F. Reagan, J. Weaver, E. Williams and John Shipman. The council now has forty-five members. Officers for 1884: James Armstrong, I. M .; H. M. Crouse, D. I. M .; T. B. Wilkinson, P. C. W .; O. E. Holloway, C. G .; John Weaver, Treas .; C. I. Lemon, Rec .; B. James, S. and S.


Odd Fellows. - Knightstown Lodge, No. 99, I. O. O. F. A dispensation was granted Aug. 22, 1851, by G. M. Oliver Dufour to Joseph Silcox, John Dole, John S. Ballard, J. M. Vermule and George Weyer. The lodge was instituted by D. D. G. M. George Alspaugh, of No. 59, assisted by A. P. and O. C. Hackleman, N. W. Cox and others of No. 35, members from No. 59, No. 39, and No. 54, of Ohio. The first four initiates, who are still active members, were W. M. Lowry, M. F. Edwards, F. M. Lowry and Geo. S. Lowry. The lodge hall was burned and valuable records destroyed, Feb. 23, 1868. The next meeting was, nevertheless, held promptly. A new hall was built, which the lodge occupied in December, 1869. The first celebration was held June 15, 1854, and addressed by P. G. Oliver P. Morton. The next anniver-


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sary celebration was held April 26, 1875, with invited lodges and encampments present. The assemblage was addressed in the M. E. church by P. G. M. Thomas Underwood, and in the banquet which followed over 1,000 persons took part. One of the first in- itiatives of the lodge, William R. Cloud, was killed July 26, 1854, while at his post of duty as a locomotive engineer on " Old Wayne," the first engine that ran upon the Indiana Central Rail- road.


The first officers of the lodge were: John S. Ballard, N. G .; John Doble, V. G .; J. Weyer, Sec .; J. M. Vermule, Treas. The lodge has prospered greatly. It now occupies a large and commodious hall, elegantly furnished, and its property is worth about $20,000. The present membership is 117; present officers: Alonzo Howard, N. G .; W. R. Stage, V. G .; J. E. Barrett, Rec. Sec. ; Gordon Ballard, Perm. Sec .; C. H. Hoffler, Treas.


Blue River Encampment, No. 48, I. O. O. F., by P. C. P. Mar- shall Sexton, of Rushville. The officers were: J. S. Ballard, C. P .; W. M. Lowry, H. P .; J. L. Hudelson, S. W .; O. H. Welborn, J. W .; W. P. Hill, Sec .; Levi Griffith, Treas. Of these W. M. Lowry, W. P. Hill and J. L. Hudelson are still members of the encampment. Three members of Blue River Encampment have held important positions in the grand bodies of the order. S. H. Kelsey is a Past Chief Patriarch, and is now Grand Representa- tive of the jurisdiction of Kansas. J. T. Hedrick, P. C. P., is now Grand Representative of the jurisdiction of Nebraska. J. E. Bar- rett, P. C. P., is a Past Grand Representative to the Sovereign Grand Lodge. The encampment now has a membership of about 115. Its assets are about $4,000. The present officers are: Joseph Hubbard, C. P .; J. W. Cooper, H. P .; James Glenn, S. W .; James Steele, J. W .; J. E. Barrett, R. S .; Gordon Ballard, F. S .; N. W. Wagner, Treas.


A prosperous lodge (No. 7) of the Daughters of Rebecca was in- stituted in 1869.


Grand Army .- J. B. Mason Post, No. 168, G. A. R., was organ- ized May 4, 1883, with charter members as follows: P. C., T. B. Wilkinson; S. V. C., Francis Dorey; J. V. C., Thomas Hackle- man; Adj., J. Lee Furgason; Q. M., Harry Watts; Surg., H. M. Crouse; Chap., R. F. Brewington; O. D., Geo. P. Graf; O. G., Cliff Lemon; S. M., John Wysong; Q. M. S., Chas. M. Butler. The present officers are the same (re-elected). The post has thirty- two members and is growing rapidly. J. Lee Furgason attended


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HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY.


as delegate the Grand Encampment held at Denver, Col., in July, 1883. T. B. Wilkinson and J. L. Furgason were the delegates to the State Encampment at Indianapolis in February, 1884. The post occupies splendid quarters and is prosperous.


Evening Star Lodge, No. 503, I. O. O. F., was organized at Elizabeth City, Aug. 19, 1875. The charter members were: A. J. Reeves, O. S. Coon, John Miller, C. F. Bundy, Jacob Gipe, D. H. Miller, G. H. Jackson, Lewis C. Wink, Rufus A. Johnson, M. W. Brewer, Elisha Burris, A. W. Hammers and J. E. Albright. The lodge is now in good condition with twenty-five members. Present officers: Alonzo Hiatt, N. G .; R. A. Morris, V. G .; A. F. Yetter, Sec .; J. M. Jackson, Treas.


RELIGIOUS HISTORY.


Knightstown Methodist Episcopal Church .- The Methodist Epis- copal church * was organized in Knightstown in 1824, and formed a part of Rushville Circuit, which was included in the Illinois Con- ference. In 1832 the Indiana Conference was formed. In 1843 Indiana was divided into two conferences, and was again divided into four in 1852. Knightstown Circuit was formed in 1839, and has held its place ever since in the calendar as a regular pastoral charge.


The following ministers have served the charge, at the time of and since the organization of the church, as regular pastors, and in the following order: 1824, Thomas Rice; 1825, Stephen R. Beggs; 1826, Nehemiah B. Griffith; 1827-'28, James Havens; 1829, J. Tarkington and William Evans; 1830, A. Sparks and J. C. Smith; 1831, C. Bonner and C. Swank; 1832, S. Hunter and Isaac Kim- bel; 1833, I. N. Ellsbury and David Stiver; 1834, Joseph Carter and an assistant; 1835, Robert Burns and T. Gunn; 1836, F. C. Holliday and J. F. Truslow; 1837, J. F. Truslow and Joseph Har- riman; 1838, William Hibbin and James Hill; 1839, J. B. Birt and - Kelley; 1840, L. W. Berry; 1841, G. W. Bowers and D. F. Stright; 1842, George Havens and G. Mclaughlin; 1843, John S. Donaldson; 1844, Hezekiah Smith; 1845, John B. Birt; 1846, H. H. Calvert; 1847, Milton Mahin; 1848, Orville P. Boy- den; 1849, Daniel Demott, three months; L. Hancock, three months, and James Scott, six months; 1850, Abraham Koonts; 1851, V. M. Beamer and William H. Metts; 1852, S. T. Stont and


* From the Church Annual, published in 1881.


Joseph Griffin


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HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY.


A. S. Kinnan; 1853, J. C. Robbins; 1854, W. F. Wheeler; 1855, Thomas Stabler; 1856, Milton Mahin (conference changed during this year from fall to spring); 1857, Milton Mahin and O. P. Boy- den; 1858, M. P. Armstrong; 1859-'60, Abijah Marine; 1861, L. Dale, three months; M. Mahin, nine months; 1862-'63, N. H. Phillips; 1864-'65, Nelson Gillam; 1866, M. Mahin; 1867-'68, H. J. Meek; 1869, T. Stahler; 1870-'71, R. D. Spellman; 1872-'73, J. V. R. Miller; 1874-'75, E. F. Hasty; 1876-'78, H. A. Buchtel; 1879, N. Gillam; 1880-'1, N. H. Phillips; 1882-74, J. C. Murray.


Among the early members of the Knightstown church was Reu- ben White, Class-leader for many years; Joseph and Samuel Bar- rett and Daniel Frailey, local preachers; Thomas Miller, Allen Jones, Mrs. Heaton, Mrs. Jones, Mrs. Stratton, Mrs. Cary, E. K. Hart, John Lowry, M. F. Edwards and Levi Griffith. The first church building was erected in 1837, on the lot where Heller's stable now is. The present house was built in 1855-'56. Present value of church property, including Raysville church and Knights- town parsonage, $8,000. Membership, including Raysville, about 325; Sabbath-school scholars, 390.


Knightstown Presbyterian Church. - The congregation now known as the Knightstown Presbyterian Church was organized in 1832, as Bethel Church. Concerning this the church records say: " A number of individuals, who had formerly been members of the Presbyterian church, having met, according to previous ap- pointment, at the house of John Bell, in West Liberty (one mile southwest from Knightstown), on the 24th day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two. The Rev. David Monfort was present, by request, for the purpose of moderating the meeting, and to organize a Presbyterian church. After prayer by the moderator, the following persons presented certificates of former membership, viz .: John Bell and Sarah his wife, with their son John M. and daughters Margaret and Rebecca; William McCutchan and his wife Margaret, with their sons James and Samuel and daughters Rebecca and Isabella, who came from the church of Bethel, Augusta Co., Va .; also Rachel H. McCutchan, from the church of Tinkling Spring, same county and State; and from the church of Lewisville, Ind., Harvey Bell and wife Nancy; David Byers and wife Eliza- , beth; William Edmondson and wife Mary. Of these but two are living-Harvey and Rebecca Bell. The first Ruling Elders chosen were William Edmondson, David Byers and Harvey Bell.


55


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HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY.


In 1635 the name was changed from Bethel to Knightstown, it having been decided to erect a place of worship at the latter place. The first house of worship was a frame building, and the second also. The latter was built in 1840. The present house is a beau- tiful and commodious brick building, erected at a cost of about $10,000. The fiftieth anniversary of the organization of this church was celebrated Dec. 24, 1882, on which occasion the pastor delivered a historical sermon, from which we make the following extracts:


"The ministers of the gospel associated with this religious history, including both pastors and stated supplies, number twelve, of whom five have been pastors. Of Ruling Elders there are nine- teen, whose names are: Harvey Bell, William Edmondson, David Byers, James M. Campbell, William M. Tate, Solomon McCain, John Abernathy, G. W. Riddell, S. D. Smiley, W. 'T. Hatch, E. Raymond, Joel B. Low, Chas. D. Campbell, Reuben Peden, W. P. Hill, John Morris, Dr. M. M. Wishard, T. C. Woodward, W. M. Edwards. Of Deacons there are fifteen, whose names are: John Alexander, Chas. D. Campbell, Samuel McCutchan, Sydney Muzzy, James Hall, John Byers, W. P. Hill, Joseph C. Campbell, Will- iam M. Byers, John Cameron, James A. Hall, John Weaver, Joshua I. Morris, W. M. Edwards, Lee A. Furgason. There have been added to the church by certificate 275; there have been added to the church by examination, 424; total, 699. During the first three years the church had only occasional preaching, by Revs. David Monfort, Thomas Barr, William Sickles and J. McKennan. The first pastor, Rev. D. V. Smock, was installed Nov. 17, 1836, and served six years. Rev. John Dale next acted as supply for six months, and was succeeded by Rev. John Dale, pastor, 1845-'50; Rev. David Stevenson, supply, 1850-'51; Rev. David Monfort, Jr., pastor, 1853-'57; Rev. Chas. Axtell, pastor, 1860- '64; Rev. R. B. Abbott, supply, 1864-'66; Rev. L. B. Shryock, pastor, 1867-'71; Rev. G. G. Mitchell, pastor, 1871-'76; Rev. D. A. Tawney, Rev. A. C. Wilson, supplies; Rev. W. A. Hutchison, pastor, 1878-'82, and Rev. Mr. Bartlett, present pastor.




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