USA > Indiana > Howard County > History of Howard County, Indiana, Vol I > Part 14
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Fifty-Seventh Infantry-Jolın Adamson, killed in battle at Stone River, December 31, 1862 : John W. Adamson, veteran, killed in battle at Kenesaw Mountain, June 23, 1864; Joseph Arnold, died at Kokomo, Indiana, May 18, 1862; Isaac Browning, died at Padu- calı, Kentucky, May 26, 1862 ; George Campbell, veteran, died at Big
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Shanty, Georgia, July 29, 1864; John L. Colvin, died at Camp Irwin, Texas, October 14, 1865; William Dimitt, veteran, died at Chattanooga, July 24, 1864: David H. Douglas, veteran, died at Memphis, April 28, 1865 ; Melvin C. Endicott, died at Corinth, Mis- sissippi ; Robert A. Gordon, killed at Resaca, Georgia, May 15, 1864: Andrew J. Harding, died November 16, 1862; John Hawkins, died at Quincy, Illinois, March 12, 1863 ; Joseph Higgins, killed at Pine Mountain, Georgia, June 15, 1864 : Willis Hilton, died at Nash- ville, March 29, 1862; Andrew J. Langley, died at Chattanooga, Tennessee, March 10, 1864; Samuel Mathers, veteran, killed in battle at Kenesaw Mountain, June 18, 1864; Peter W. McRey- nolds, veteran, died at Louisville, Kentucky, August 24, 1864; Ste- phen A. Miller, veteran, died at Chattanooga, July 5, 1864, of wounds; Lewis Pike, veteran, lost on steamer Sultana, April 27, 1865; George T. Pike, veteran, killed near Nashville, December 16, 1864; Henry Ravel, died at Bardstown, Kentucky, March 30, 1862; Andrew Rhoads, killed in battle at Stone River, December 31, 1862; Lewis Snoddery, died of wounds in 1864; James Weaver, died at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, April 13, 1863; George D. Winders, died at Nashville, January 13, 1863; James Yount, died June 4, 1863.
Seventy-Third Infantry-Henry H. Thornton, killed at Stone River, December 31, 1862.
Seventy-Fifth Infantry-Emisley Bright, died at Nashville, Tennessee, October 15, 1863; Francis M. Bryant died December 2, 1863; Eli Burris died at Gallatin, Tennessee, February 20, 1863; John G. Coate died at Richmond, Virginia, Feb- ruary 16, 1864; James Ellet, died at home, February 20, 1863, John Fay, died at Louisville Kentucky, Decem- ber 7, 1863 ; George W. Henderson, died at Murfreesboro, Tennes- see, March 26, 1863; Jacob Hinkle, died at Gallatin, Tennessee, January 20, 1863; John M. Hodson, died at Nashville, Tennessee ; Benjamin Huff, died at Nashville, Tennessee, November 21, 1863;
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Henry Jones, died at Scottsville, Kentucky, January 5, 1863; Sam- uel McClure, died at Bowling Green, Kentucky, December II, 1862; Henry Myers, died at Lebanon, Kentucky, September 5, 1862; Allen M. Paff, died at Louisville, Kentucky, October II, 1862; John Smiley, died at New Albany, Indiana, October 30, 1862 ; Hiram Stephens, died at Gallatin, Tennessee, February 23, 1863; Thomas J. Stringer, died at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, Marchi 6, 1863 ;. Richard Templin, died at home, February28, 1864; James Thorington, died at Richmond, Virginia, February 21, 1864; Reu- ben Waldron, died at Gallatin, Tennessee, February 17, 1863 ; James B. Whisler, died at Atlanta, Georgia, November 1, 1863.
Eighty-Ninth Infantry-James L. Armantrout, died February 17. 1863 ; Francis M. Beard, died in Howard county, October 27, 1862; William H. Bishop, killed at Yellow Bayou, May 7, 1864; William R. Brener, died at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, October 20, 1863; Jeremiah P. Brown, died June 3, 1864, from wounds ; John Carpenter, died March 1, 1863; William J. Carter, died near Canton, Mississippi, March 1, 1864; Wesley Defenbaugh, died at Fort Pickering, Tennessee, June 22, 1863 ; Nathan M. Elmore, died of wounds received at Yellow Bayou, Louisiana, May 18, 1864; Harvey Earley, died April 10, 1863; Tilghman A. Farlow, died at Memphis, Tennessee, June 20, 1864; Alexander Fleming, died June 25. 1863; William H. Fritz, died July 29, 1863 ; Bedford W. Gif- ford, killed May 18, 1864, at Yellow Bayou, Louisiana; Thomas Gordon, died at Fort Pickering, Tennessee, February 23, 1863 ; Hugh Heathcoat, killed at Munfordsville, Kentucky, September 14, 1862; Nicholas Hughes, died at Fort Pickering, Tennessee, July 8, 1863 ; Richard M. Hughes, died at home January 10, 1863 ; Wil- liam Hughes, died at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, December 17, 1864: William R. Hulse, died at Memphis, Tennessee, July 10. 1864: William A. Hunt, killed June 23, 1864, by guerillas ; Henry
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T. Jennings, killed at Yellow Bayou, Louisiana, May 18, 1864; Reuben E. Johnson, died at Nashville, Tennessee, December 8, 1864; John M. Kane, died at New Albany, Indiana, September 28. 1863; Ulysses P. King, died at Fort Pickering, Tennessee, August 10, 1862 ; George E. Knoble, died January 19, 1863; Lewis Long, died at Memphis, Tennessee, December 16, 1862; Allen Mc- Daniel, died August 15, 1864; Robert McReynolds, died at Mem- phis, Tennessee, January 18, 1864; John F. Martin died at Mem- phis, Tennessee, March 16, 1864; David Morris, died at Fort Pick- ering, Tennessee, August 30, 1863 ; LaFayette Morris, died at Wood- sonville, Kentucky, October 24, 1862 ; Francis M. O'Dowd, died at Andersonville prison, August 9, 1864; Benjamin F. Oiler, died at Fort Pickering, Tennessee, May 26, 1863; Simon Peters, died at home, December 28, 1862; James W. Ploughe, died at Anderson- ville, Georgia, September 2, 1864; William H. Poff, died near Memphis, Tennessee, December 12, 1862; Allen Ramsey, died at Memphis, Tennessee, August 3, 1863; Erastus Ross, died at New Orleans, June 22, 1864, of wounds; Jesse Sanders, died at Mem- phis, Tennessee, September 23, 1864; Daniel Sheets, died July -, 1864; Adam Shepard, died November 15, 1862; John S. Springer, died at Memphis, Tennessee, June 5, 1864; Daniel W. Straughın, died September 18, 1863; William R. Low, August 9, 1864; Elijah E. Thrailkill, killed at Fort Pickering, Tennessee, April 27, 1863; Charles N. Tyler, died at New Orleans, March II, 1865; Nathan Wickersham, died at home, August 7, 1863: Hugh Willits, died February 17, 1865, of wounds, in hospital at Nashville, Tennessee ; William T. Wilson, died at home, October 18, 1862; William Yates, died May 18, 1863.
NINETIETH REGIMENT (FIFTH CAVALRY).
The following were lost from the ranks of the Ninetieth Regi- ment : John V. Champion, killed in East Tennessee by bushwhack-
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ers in 1864; John S. Holler, died in Andersonville prison in 1864; Augustus Q. Myers, killed at Rheatown, Tennessee, October, 1863; Jeremiah A. Starr, killed at Rheatown, Tennessee, October, 1863.
Ninety-Ninth Infantry-Noah Cate, died of wounds received August 15, 1864.
One Hundred and First Regiment-Wiley Bagwell, died at Bacon Creek, Kentucky, November 20, 1862; Tidell Rush, died at Danville, Kentucky, October 25, 1862; Barrett Spray, died at Mun- fordsville, Kentucky, December 16, 1862 ; George Sumption, died at Marietta, Georgia, October 6, 1862.
One Hundred and Eighteenth Infantry-Richard Bodle, died at Camp Nelson, Kentucky, January 5, 1864: Jefferson W. Carr, died at Camp Nelson, Kentucky, December 7. 1863 ; James L. Gold- ing, died at Tazewell, Tennessee, December 14, 1863 ; Ezeriah Hut- son, died at Knoxville, Tennessee, December 10, 1863; William J. Purois, died at Tazewell, Tennessee, January 12, 1864, of starva- tion : Emory Russell, died at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee, December 14, 1863 ; Milton E. Reiley, died at Powell River, Tennessee, Janu- ary 26, 1864; Ovid Youngs, died at Indianapolis, Indiana, Septem- ber 6, 1863.
One Hundred and Twenty-Sixth Regiment ( Eleventh Caval- ry)-Dawson M. Brown, died at Nashville, Tennessee, November 6, 1864; George W. Crewtherd, died at Indianapolis, Indiana, March 31, 1864 ; Isaac Carpenter, died at Louisville, Kentucky, February 12, 1865; John W. Cochran, died at Indianapolis, Indiana, March 5, 1864 : Enoch Dale, died at Nashville, Tennessee, December 26, 1864 : James Hutto, died at Louisville, Kentucky, May 2, 1865; Moses Hinkle, died at Nashville, Tennessee, December 26, 1864: James Hodson, died May 14, 1865 ; William King, died at Bellefonte Sta- tion, Alabama, July 7, 1864 ; William Lindley, died at Kokomo, Indi- ana, May 3, 1864 ; Henry M. Long, lost on Sultana, April 27, 1865 ;
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OF HOWARD COUNTY.
Albert N. McCoy, died at Larkinsville, Alabama, June 20, 1864; Lloyd Pennington, died at Jeffersonville, Indiana, January 12, 1865 ; George B. Pennington, died at Nashville, Tennessee, March 13, 1865; Andrew J. Pierce, died at Nashville, Tennessee, November 6, 1864: Israel P. Pool, died at Nashville, Tennessee, October 22, 1864: Jacob Pool, died at New Albany, Indiana, March 4, 1865; Charles L. Summers, died at Nashville, Tennessee, December 22, 1864, of wounds; Robert Steward, died at Louisville, Kentucky, February 6, 1865.
One Hundred and Thirtieth Infantry-Thomas N. Armstrong. died November 28, 1864, of wounds; Thomas H. Endicott, killed near Atlanta, Georgia, August 5, 1864: William Elliot, died at Atlanta, Georgia, October 18, 1864; George Boffman, died at Louis- ville, Kentucky, April 17, 1865; John H. Denman, died at Nash- ville, Tennessee, December 15, 1864: Joseph Godfrey, died at King- ston, Georgia, August 15, 1864; William F. Havens, died at home February 29, 1864; Albert W. Hoke, killed by accident April 3. 1864: Nathan Maudlin, died at Chattanooga, Tennessee, June 4, 1864: Thomas O'Neil, died at Knoxville, Tennessee, September 16, 1864 : William T. Rolston, died at Chattanooga, Tennessee, Novem- ber 8, 1864; John T. Shepherd, died at Kingston, Georgia, June 5. 1864: Reuben J. Smith, killed at Nashville, Tennessee, December 15. 1864; Jesse Swinger, died at Marietta, Georgia, September I. 1864; William White, Jr., died at Marietta, Georgia, August 20, I864.
One Hundred and Thirty-first Regiment (Thirteenth Cavalry) -George M. Burns, died at Cahaba Prison, Alabama, January 5, 1865: Nicholas Tow, died at Mobile, Alabama, October 5. 1865.
One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Infantry - Baker Boffman (Baughman), died at Bowling Green, Kentucky, June 20, 1864.
One Hundred and Fortieth Infantry-Jonathan Berry, died at New Albany, Indiana, December 3, 1864.
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One Hundred and Forty-second Infantry-John H. Golding, died at Nashville, Tennessee, April 17, 1865.
One Hundred and Fifty-third Infantry-William M. Floyd. died at Russellville, Kentucky, August 1, 1865; Levi Seward, died in Tipton county, August 18, 1865.
NUMBER OF MEN SENT BY HOWARD COUNTY.
Howard county sent into the field more than fifteen hundred men for service. Hundreds of these perished on the battlefields of the South or by the slower means of wounds or wasting diseases incident to the privation and exposures of the march and camp. The remnant who returned had sacrificed much of the vigor of their manhood for their country, but they had accomplished that for which they gave their service-a reunited country, built on solider foundations more than ever before. The right to secede was com- pletely overthrown. The idea of the old confederation of states was gone, and instead we had an indivisible Union.
(See page 468 for addenda.)
INDUSTRIAL HISTORY.
Howard county is an agricultural county of the first class. Corn, wheat, oats, rye, potatoes and hay are produced in abundance.
Corn is the banner crop. The deep, black soil and the abun- dant rainfall and a growing season of just the right length combine to make this a good corn county. The various grasses-clover. timothy and blue grass-find a natural home here and produce sure and abundant crops of hay and afford excellent grazing, thus mak- ing this a good live stock country. As has heretofore been indi-
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cated, in the beginning the possibilities only of our present high agricultral condition were here. These fertile soils were covered with heavy forests and, for much of the year, with water, too.
With much hard labor and great expense all these lands have been tile underdrained so that the land is not only drained of water but air is introduced into the soil, adding to its fertility. The for- ests have been cleared away until now a timber famine is almost in sight.
LUMBERING.
While the clearing has been going on the lumber business has been an important industry. For many years all the log and frame buildings were built in their entirety out of native timber and lum- ber-roofs were of oak clapboards or shaved walnut or poplar shingles, the frames and siding of yellow popular lumber, the floors of ash lumber and the finish of black walnut lumber. This has con- tinued until recent years, when the growing scarcity of native tim- ber and the high prices of native lumber compelled the use of pine and cheaper materials. The use of the native lumber for so many years has saved the people of this county a very large sum of money.
For many years the shipping of lumber from the county, cut by local sawmills, was an important industry. Vast sums were realized from the sale of the walnut, poplar and ash lumber while that timber was being cut away; then another very large sum was received for the oak timber, as heading and lumber, and later still a considerable sum was received for the beech and sugar, and later still the despised water or soft elms are being exchanged for cash, omitting any mention of handle and hoop-pole timber.
The gross sum received from the sale of Howard county tim- ber and saved by the people in using this timber for various domes- tic uses-buildings, fences, fuel, etc .- if accurately computed would
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be a vast sum. This source of revenue is practically past, but is compensated for by well-cleared fields, fitted for the modern meth- ods of cultivation, and the woodlands, thinned out and cleared of underbrush and affording excellent blue grass pasturage. There is little or no waste lands on the farms now, where some years since much of it was unused. Denser population and high-priced lands have tended toward more intensive and better farming.
DEVELOPMENT OF FARMS.
Perhaps there is no vocation in life in which there has been so much advancement all along the line as in the farm life in Howard county in the past sixty years. Then he sowed his wheat broadcast and plowed it in the cornfield with a single-shovel plow, or har- rowed it in with an "A" harrow, if in a plowed field. He harvested it with a reap hook, threshed it with a flail or tramped it out with horses and blew out the chaff with a fanning mill ; later he cut the grain with a cradle and threshed it with a "groundhog thresher" and cleaned it with a fanning mill, and a little later threshed it with a horse power separator. Several years later, when the fields were partly cleared of the stumps and roots, he began to use the modern method of sowing his grain with a drill and to cut it with machines but yet binding by hand and threshing with steam power separators, but doing all the work about the machine by hand-cutting the bands and feeding the grain into the machine by hand; measuring the grain into bags by hand, loading the grain into wagons by hand and stacking straw by hand-all hard, dusty work. Now he sows all his small grain with drills in fields cleared of stumps and roots. He pulverizes the soil with modern harrows and field rollers, all provided with spring seats. He harvests the grain with self-binders and puts off the sheaves in bunches for shocking, and threshes with
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steam power machines that cut the bands and feed with self-feeders that elevate and weigh the threshed grain and dump it into wagons, ready to be hauled to market, and stacks the straw with an auto- matic wind stacker.
MODERN METHODS.
The present-day farmer would not know a jumping shovel plow should he meet one. Very few of them could cross off a field . in straight furrows the proper width for corn rows, and to drop the corn into the crosses with three to four grains to the hill would be beyond his or her skill, and then to cover the corn with an old- fashioned hoe, among stumps and roots, would be the limit; and then to cultivate it with the single-shovel walking plow among roots, that too often would spring back and hit him on the shins, would precipitate a labor strike indeed. The modern farmer does none of these things. In the bright springtime, when the conditions are all right, he hitches three good horses to a modern breaking plow, drives out to a field where the memory of stumps and roots has almost faded away, and turns over the mellow soil and has nothing to suggest evil thoughts. And when the field is ready for planting he does not go out and cross it off with his single-shovel plow, but alone and unattended he hitches to his two-horse check row planter and plants twice as much in a day as did that force of five people in the elder day and does a better job; and when the green shoots are visible and can be seen across the field in the row, he drives out to the field with a riding cultivator and plows without fear of bodily injury.
When the clover blooms are more than half brown and the bloom has fallen from the heads of the timothy stalks, this farmer does not get down his rusty mowing scythe and, after grinding to a keen edge, with a long sandstone whetrock in his pocket go out to
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the field and in the burning sunshine swing his scythe back and forth, cutting the heavy growth of grass and throwing it into swaths to be afterwards scattered for drying, occasionally stopping to whet his scythe with the whetrock. After the hay is cured he does not throw it into windrows with a fork and then pitch it on a wagon and afterwards pitch it into the mow.
HOW HAY IS NOW HARVESTED.
No. The modern farmer hitches to an up-to-date mower, mows a field quickly, hitches to a tedder, kicks it up so as to permit the air to pass through and dry it out quickly, and then backs his hay wagon up to a hay loader, hitches them together and drives around the field, while the loader gathers up the hay and delivers it on the wagon. After the wagon is loaded he drives to the barn and there a hayfork, drawn by horse power, picks up the hay from the wagon and deposits it in the mow.
When the summer is past and the wintry storms have come. this farmer does not wrap himself up as best he can, go out and harness up a team, restless with cold, and drive to the field, and, brushing the snow off of his shocks of fodder, load and haul them to a wood lot or the straw pile and scatter the fodder on the ground for the stock to pick over and make a meal of. No. Last fall, while the weather was pleasant, he canned many acres of green corn in his silo and now, while the cold and snow are without, he feeds his well-housed stock in their separate stalls with a feed which they thoroughly relish; and then, too, before the snow had fallen he had the shredder to tear his fodder into bits and blow it into mows in his barns convenient for feeding and where, under shelter and in the dry, he does his farm chores. He appreciates the value of warm, dry quarters for his stock and he largely has barns for all
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his stock and thus feeds more economically and profitably. Not only has he made these wonderful advances in his industrial meth- ods but in his social life as well. Once he was shut in at his farm house for months at a time, because of impassable roads; now a good, free gravel road passes the front gate of nearly every home. Once he often passed more than a week without receiving any mail and then only by going a long distance in bad weather; now the rural mail carrier brings it to his home every day except Sunday. Once he often passed more than a week without receiving any mail to or from neighbors; now any member of the family can, by stepping to an instrument on the wall, call up almost any one wanted, far or near. In the matter of schools, too, the countryside has been favored. Where a generation ago the scholars were compelled to dress for exposure and walked a mile, a mile and a half or two miles to school, in paths across field and through woods, returning in the evening over the same path and often through storm, now the well- equipped school wagon carries the scholars from the home to the school and from the school to the home again.
CONDITIONS ARE CHANGING.
As wonderful as has been the industrial advance of the past, the end is not yet. Our rich soils and high-priced lands suggest changes in the industrial methods of farming-changes that are already tak- ing place ; the canning factories and the city markets are making places for the small farmer and his intensive farming; the dairy- ing industry is being rapidly developed and the farmer of today is giving attention to the problem of preventing soil exhaustion.
It is well that the conditions of the farming class are as favor- able as they are, for because of natural resources the leading indus- try of Howard county must continue to be agriculture.
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Before ever factories came into her midst. the farming com- munity was engaged in the herculean task of making the present well-improved farms. Their present and prospective high state of culture forecast a condition of continued prosperity, where homes abound in comfort and contentment.
MERCANTILE LIFE.
Contemporaneous and almost inseparably connected with these industrial activities of the farm have been the mercantile enterprises of the county. These have kept pace with the demands of the time. The first stores or trading places were in keeping with the country. primitive establishment. The wants of the people were few and simple and their ability to buy quite limited. The purpose of the early merchants and manufacturers was to meet these simple wants. The first mill erected in the county was built in 1840. This was built just east of New London, on Little Honey creek. The Stone- braker mill was built in 1848. In various parts of the county grist- mills and sawmills and combination mills-grist and saw in one- were built from time to time as the demand seemed to justify. Nearly all of the early mills were water mills.
These mills have nearly all passed out of existence. David Foster was the first Kokomo merchant. Before coming to Kokomo he had a trading house at the boundary line, about twenty rods north of the crossing of that line by the Wild Cat pike. This house was a log house, stoutly built, with portholes in the walls, and con- tained two rooms, the storeroom being on the Seven-mile Strip side of the line and the counter over which he dispensed goods on the Reserve side. It is said this peculiar construction was to evade the law in selling whisky to Indians on government territory. John Bohan was the second merchant, coming here in 1844 from Ander-
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OF HOWARD COUNTY.
son and commencing on the southeast corner of the square where the Kokomo Bank is now located. Other early merchants were Austin North, J. D. Sharp and Samuel Rosenthal.
At or near New London, Joshua Barnett was the first mer- chant, coming there in 1839. His stock of goods consisted of a few groceries, liquors and small notions that he could sell to the Indians. Soon after John Harrison came with a meager stock of goods, and, locating at Harrison's place, becoming the second trader in Monroe township. Charles Allison clerked for him in the spring of 1840, and thus began his business career in Howard county.
Burlington, in Carroll county, was the nearest village and trading point in the early history of the western part of the county. Because of the inconvenience of going so far to trade, Henry Stuart opened up a general store at or near Russiaville in 1842. His stock consisted of almost everything saleable-dry goods, groceries, hard- ware, etc. Mr. Stuart purchased his goods at Lafayette, Cincin- nati and Chicago and transported them in wagons. The people had little money and made their purchases, for the most part, with "trade," exchanging ginseng, which grew abundantly in the wild state, wild meats, fur skins and honey. There appears to have been an abundance of wild honey in those early times. It is related of Joseph Taylor, who was afterwards sheriff of Howard county, that, when a young man, he had often carried a keg of wild honey, weigh- ing sixty pounds, on horseback to Burlington.
Deer were also very plentiful, as Mr. Stuart had at one time piled up in his cabin one hundred "saddles" or pairs of deer horns. Once he purchased a barrel of strained honey of Vincent Garner, a pioneer settler of that community. Mr. Stuart in turn took his trade to Lafayette and exchanged or traded it for goods. At one time a botanical doctor engaged Mr. Stuart to procure him five hundred pounds of yellow root and nerve vine. This afforded the
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women an opportunity to earn some money. Mr. Stuart traded with the Indians, and the first wagon ever seen at Kokomo carried Mr. Stuart's goods, which he traded to the Indians. It required two days for Mr. Stuart and his man to make the trip, and they spent only two hours in the Indian town. Mr. Stuart's store was not really in Russiaville, being just outside on the northwest. Martin Burton was the first merchant really within the limits of Russia- ville.
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