USA > Indiana > Lawrence County > History of Lawrence and Monroe counties, Indiana : their people, industries, and institutions > Part 26
USA > Indiana > Monroe County > History of Lawrence and Monroe counties, Indiana : their people, industries, and institutions > Part 26
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Sec. 10. No president, professor, or other officer of the college, shall, whilst acting in that capacity, be a trustee, nor shall any president, professor, tutor, instructor, or other officer of the college ever be required by the trus- tees to profess any particular religious opinions, and no student shall be denied admission, or refused any of the privileges, honors, or degrees of the college, on account of the religious opinions he may entertain, nor shall any sectarian tenets or principles be taught, instructed or inculcated at said col- lege by any president, professor, student, tutor or instructor thereof.
Sec. 12. That all moneys arising from the sale of the seminary town- ships, in the counties of Monroe and Gibson, shall be and forever remain a permanent fund, for the support of said college, and the interest arising from the amount of said sales, together with the three reserved sections in the seminary township, situated in the county of Monroe, and all the buildings which have been erected adjacent to the town of Bloomington, in said coun- ty of Monroe, for the use of the State Seminary, with all the real and per-
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sonal property of every description belonging to or connected with the said State Seminary, as the property of the state, and all gifts, grants and dona- tions which have been or hereafter may be made for the support of the col- lege, shall be, and hereby are forever vested in the aforesaid trustees and their successors, to be controlled, regulated and appropriated by them in such manner as they shall deem most conducive to the best interests and pros- perity of the institution : Provided, That the said trustees shall conform to the will of any donor or donors in the application of any estate which may be given, devised or bequeathed for any particular object connected with the institution, and that the real estate hereby vested in the said trustees and their successors, shall be by them held forever for the use of the said college, and shall not be sold or converted by them to any other use whatsoever.
Sec. 16. That the constitution of the said college herein and hereby declared and established, shall be and remain the inviolable constitution of said college, and the same shall not be changed, altered or amended by any law or ordinance of the said trustees, nor in any other manner than by the Legislature of this state.
TITLE CHANGED TO UNIVERSITY.
The continued growth and increasing importance of the institution led the General Assembly, in 1838, to confer upon it the name and style of the Indiana University. The material portions of this, the third charter of the University, are as follows :
AN ACT to establish a University in the State of Indiana. [Approved February 15, 1838.]
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of In- diana, that there shall be, and hereby is created and established a university adjacent to the town of Bloomington, in the county of Monroe, for the edu- cation of youth in the American, learned and foreign languages, the useful arts, sciences (including law and medicine) and literature, to be known by the name and style of the "Indiana University," and to be governed and directed as hereinafter directed.
Sec. 2. There shall be a board of trustees appointed, consisting of twenty-one persons, residents of the state, who shall be, and hereby are con- stituted a body corporate and politic, by the name of "the trustees of the In- diana University," and in their corporate name and capacity, may sue and
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be sued, plead and be impleaded, in any court of record, and by that name shall have perpetual succession.
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Sec. 12. That all moneys which have heretofore or which may herein- after arise from the sales of the seminary townships of land in the counties of Monroe and Gibson, shall be and forever remain a permanent fund for the support of said university, and the interest arising from the amount of said sales, together with the amount of the sales of the three reserved sections in the seminary township, situated in the county of Monroe, the residue of the unsold sections aforesaid, and in all the buildings which have been erected adjacent to the town of Bloomington, in said county of Monroe, and which are now used by and belong to the Indiana College, together with all the es- tate, whether real, personal, or of any description whatever, belonging to, or in any wise connected with the Indiana College, as the property of the state, and all gifts, grants and donations which have been or may hereafter be made, previous to the taking effect of this act, for the support of the Indiana College, shall be and hereby are forever vested in the aforesaid trus- tees, and their successors, to be controlled, regulated, and appropriated by them in such manner as they shall deem most conducive to the best interest and prosperity of the institution : Provided, that the said trustees shall con- form to the will of any donor or donors in the application of any estate which may be given, devised or bequeathed for any particular object connected with the institution, and that the real estate hereby vested in the said trustees, and their successors, shall be by them held forever for the use of said university, and shall not be sold or converted by them to any other use whatsoever. * *
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Sec. 15. That the power and authority of the present trustees of the Indiana College, over and concerning the said institution, the funds, estate. property, rights and demands thereof shall forever cease and determine, from and after the organization of the board of trustees of [the] Indiana . University named in this act; and all the funds, estate, property, rights, demands, privileges and immunities, of what kind or nature so ever, be- longing or any wise pertaining to said Indiana College, shall be and the same are hereby invested in the trustees of [the[ Indiana University ap- pointed by this act, and their successors in office, for the uses and pur- poses only of said university, and the said trustees and their successors in office shall have, hold and possess, and exercise all the powers and authority
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over the said institution and the estate and concerns thereof in the manner hereinbefore prescribed.
Between the years 1838 and 1851 a number of acts relating to the uni- versity were passed by the General Assembly. Of these most are concerned with the sale of the seminary lands and with similar matters; but one, the act of February 15, 1841, reduces the number of trustees to nine, exempts students at the university from military duty and road taxes, and denies to the civil courts of the state jurisdiction of "trivial breaches of the peace com- mitted by the students of said university within the college campus."
CHARTER OF 1852.
In the constitutional convention of 1851 the question of the relation of the state to the Indiana University had arisen, but no explicit statement was incorporated in the constitution as adopted. At the first session of the General Assembly, after the adjournment of the convention, it was therefore thought desirable to have an explicit statement concerning the matter. To this end the following act was passed, which may be regarded as the fourth charter of the university, and the one by which in the main the university is still governed :
AN ACT providing for the government of the State University, the manage- ment of its Funds and for the disposition of the Lands thereof.
[Approved June 17, 1852.]
Section I. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of In- diana, that the institution established by an act entitled "an act to establish a college in the State of Indiana," approved January 28, 1828, is hereby rec- ognized as the university of the state.
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Sec. 5. The trustees of the said university shall receive the proceeds of the sales and rents of the three reserved sections in the seminary township in Monroe county, and the same shall be paid to the treasurer of said trustees, on their order.
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Sec. 7. The president, professors and instructors shall be styled "The Faculty" of said university, and shall have power :
First. To enforce the regulations adopted by the trustees for the gov- ernment of the students.
E.E.E.
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Second. To which end they may reward and censure, and may suspend those who continue refractory, until a determination of the board of trustees can be had thereon.
Third. To confer, with the consent of the trustees, such literary de- grees as are usually conferred in other universities, and in testimony thereof to give suitable diplomas, under the seal of the university and signature of the faculty.
Sec. 8. No religious qualifications shall be required for any student, trustee, president, professor, or other officer of such university, or as a con- dition for admission to any privilege in the same. * * * * * *
Sec. 13. The governor, lieutenant-governor, speaker of the House of Representatives, judges of the supreme court, and superintendent of common schools, shall constitute a board of visitors of the university, and any three thereof a quorum.
Sec. 14. In case the members of such board of visitors fail to attend the annual commencement exercises of the university, the president of the board of trustees shall report such of them as are absent to the next General Assembly in their annual report.
UNIVERSITY FUNDS.
The funds of the university, in its earlier days, were derived almost wholly from the proceeds of the seminary lands, from gifts, and from fees paid by students. In 1867, by an act approved March 8, the General Assem- bly provided for the increase of these funds by an annual appropriation. "Whereas," the act reads, "the endowment fund of the State University, located at Bloomington, Monroe county, is no longer sufficient to meet the growing wants of education and make said university efficient and useful; and whereas, it should be the pride of every citizen of Indiana to place the State University in the highest condition of usefulness and make it the crown- . ing glory of our present great common school system, where education shall be free," therefore eight thousand dollars annually were appropriated out of the state treasury to the use of the university. This amount was found to be insufficient, so that from time to time the amount of the annual appropria- tion was increased.
In 1883, by an act approved March 8, provision was made for a per- manent endowment fund to be raised by the levy for thirteen years of a tax
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of "one-half of one cent on each one hundred dollars' worth of taxable prop- erty in this state," to be paid into the state treasury to the credit of Indiana University.
In 1895 an act was passed (approved March 8) levying an annual tax of "one-sixth of one mill on every dollar of taxable property in Indiana," the proceeds to be divided among the Indiana University, Purdue University and the Indiana State Normal School. Of this amount the Indiana Univer- sity received two-fifths, or a levy of one-fifteenth of a mill on the taxable property in the state. By an act approved March 5, 1903, this law was amended to read as follows :
Section I. That there shall be assessed and levied upon the taxable property of the state of Indiana in the year 1903, and in each year there- after, for the use and benefit of the Indiana University, Purdue University, and the Indiana State Normal School, to be apportioned as hereinafter in this act provided, a tax of two and three-fourths cents on every one hun- dred dollars of taxable property in Indiana, to be levied, assessed, collected and paid into the treasury of the state of Indiana, in like manner as other state taxes are levied, assessed, collected and paid. And so much of the proceeds of said levy as may be in the state treasury on the first day of July and the first day of January of each year shall be immediately there- after paid over to the board of trustees of the respective institution for which the tax was levied, to be distributed and apportioned among them severally upon the basis as follows, viz .: To the said trustees of the Indi- ana University upon the basis of four-elevenths (4-II) of the total proceeds of this tax; to the trustees of Purdue University upon the basis of four- elevenths (4-II) of the total proceeds of this tax. and to the trustees of the Indiana State Normal School upon the basis of three-elevenths (3-1I) of the total proceeds of this tax; and the auditor of state of Indiana is hereby directed to draw proper warrants therefor, and on or before the tenth day of January and July of each year the trustees of the Indiana University, Pur- due University, and the Indiana State Normal School shall file, or cause to be filed, with the auditor of state, a sworn and itemized statement of their re- ceipts from all sources, including all tuition fees, and other revenues derived from students, contingent fees, interest from permanent endowment fund, the proceeds of the tax provided in this act, and all other receipts of every kind, character and description, together with a full, detailed, itemized and sworn statement of their expenditures for all purposes, including mainte- nance and permanent improvements, the amount paid each member of the
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faculty, trustees, all officers of the institution, and file with such report a copy of the receipts for each separate item of the expenditures, it being the intention of this act that the reports hereinbefore provided for shall set out in full and in detail all expenditures of every kind, character, and descrip- tion ; and from and after this act is in force it shall be unlawful for the auditor of state to issue any warrants to the Indiana University, Purdue University or the Indiana State Normal School until they have filed their reports as required by this act.
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS.
A School of Law has been maintained continuously in the university, at Bloomington, since 1889.
A School of Education, for the professional training of teachers, was established by the trustees in 1908.
A School of Medicine was established in 1903, when the first two years' instruction in medicine was provided for at Bloomington. In 1905, pro- vision was made, by affiliation, for the last two years at Indianapolis, and in 1908 this arrangement was strengthened by the union of the Indiana Medical College at Indianapolis with the Indiana University School of Medicine. The last step in the process of evolution was taken in the passage, by the General Assembly, of the following act concerning the School of Medicine (approved March 2, 1909) :
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, That the trustees of Indiana University are hereby authorized to conduct a medical school in Marion County, Indiana, and to receive gifts of real estate and other property on behalf of the state of Indiana for the maintenance of medical education in said county, conditioned that said trustees shall conduct as an integral part of the Indiana University School of Medicine a full four years' course in medicine in said Marion county, Indi- ana : Provided, That there shall be no discrimination for or against any school or system of medicine in the university, and that all or each of the schools or systems of medicine now recognized by the state shall have ade- quate opportunity to teach the practice of medicine in the university accord- ing to the principles advocated by them respectively, and that it shall be the duty of the trustees of Indiana University to provide such instruction in as thorough a manner as the means at their disposal will permit, and as nearly as possible to provide the same quality of instruction whenever a reasonable
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demand shall be made for the same: Provided, further, That premedical or other collegiate work done in any college or university of Indiana, which is recognized by the state board of education of Indiana as a standard college or university, shall be received and credited in the Indiana University School of Medicine upon the same conditions as work of the same kind, grade and amount done in the department of liberal arts of Indiana University.
Sec. 2. Whereas, an emergency exists for the immediate taking effect of this act, the same shall be in force from and after its passage.
CO-EDUCATION.
Admission to the university was, until the college year 1868-69, re- stricted to men, but by a resolution of the board of trustees the doors of the university were at the beginning of that year opened to women on the same terms. Since 1868, therefore, the university has been co-educational in all its departments.
RELATION TO THE STATE.
By virtue of the state constitutions of 1816 and 1851, and the acts of the General Assembly thereunder, the Indiana University is the state uni- versity of Indiana, and the head of the public school system of the state. In order that there might be no doubt of the special relationship of the uni- versity to the state under the new constitution of 1851, the General Assembly in 1852 enacted that "the institution established by an act entitled 'an act to establish a college in the state of Indiana', approved January 28, 1828, is hereby recognized as the university of the state" (act approved June 17. 1852) ; and again in 1867 the General Assembly characterized it as the "crowning glory of our present great common school system" (act approved March 8, 1867). Finally, the supreme court of the state in the case of Fisher vs. Bower, rendered a decision June 24, 1902, in which these words were used: "The Indiana University is an integral part of our free school system"; "it was the special creation of the constitution"; "the uni- versity as well as its endowment has always been under the supervision of the state."
THE OLD CAMPUS.
The first site of the university adjoined the town on the south, and lay in Perry township, the township granted by Congress in 1816 for seminary purposes. Here, in a temporary structure, what was at first called the State
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Seminary was opened in 1824, the style being changed to Indiana College in 1828, and to Indiana University in 1838. In 1836 a more pretentious build- ing was erected, which, together with its contents in the form of libraries and collections, was destroyed by fire in 1854. The friends of the university then came to its aid, and another and better building was erected. This structure, one of the most picturesque in Bloomington, is now known as the Old College; it was purchased in 1897 by the board of education of the city of Bloomington, and is occupied by the Bloomington high school. In 1847 a second large building of similar design to the Old College, was erected for the libraries and museum; but in a second fire, in 1883, this building also was destroyed with all its contents.
REMOVAL TO NEW CAMPUS.
The fire of 1883 marked a turning-point in the history of the institution. It was decided to remove the university to a more ample site, away from the noise and disturbance of the railway. For this purpose the tract known as Dunn's woods was purchased, east of the city, facing what is now Indiana avenue on the west, and Third street on the south. Including later purchases, the college grounds have an extent of about seventy acres. The campus proper is well wooded and of a rolling nature; a portion of the remainder is more level, and is used for the athletic field and for tennis courts. The campus is cared for by an experienced gardener, who, under the direction of a faculty committee, has set out many native and exotic plants, shrubs and trees.
SITUATION OF BUILDINGS.
The chief university buildings form three sides of a quadrangle on the crest of the campus proper. Beginning with the one nearest the Kirkwood avenue entrance, they are as follows: The library building, erected in 1907 ; the student building, 1906; Maxwell hall, 1890: Owen hall, 1884; Wylie hall, 1884; Kirkwood hall. 1894; Science hall, 1902; the biological building, 1910. Lying outside the quadrangle are Mitchell hall, erected in 1884; the men's gymnasium, 1896; and the two power houses. Within the quadrangle is Kirkwood observatory, erected in 1900.
LIBRARY BUILDING.
The library building, completed January 1, 1908, at a cost, including equipment, of one hundred and forty thousand dollars, occupies a site at the
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north of the Kirkwood avenue or main entrance to the campus. It is con- structed of Indiana limestone and red tile. The style is collegiate Gothic. The main reading room, a well lighted and proportioned apartment, fifty-six by ninety-four feet, has seats for two hundred and four readers. Around the walls is shelving for six thousand volumes in the open reference collec- tion. The stack house has provision for six book levels, three of which are at present installed. The third of these levels is continuous with the floor of the main reading room. The total book capacity of the stack house is in excess of two hundred and fifty thousand volumes. Nearly as many more can be housed in various parts of the building without detriment to its other uses. Over thirteen thousand square feet of floor space has already been divided, or is available for division, into department rooms. The university bookstore, which furnishes books and supplies to students at cost, is in the east basement of this building.
STUDENT BUILDING.
The student building was erected at a cost of one hundred thousand dollars from funds contributed half by the students and friends of the uni- versity, and the other half by John D. Rockefeller. The west wing of the building is used by women students; in the basement of this wing are plunge and shower baths and a swimming pool; on the first floor are parlors, rest rooms, and the women's gymnasium ; on the second floor are the headquarters of the Young Women's Christian Association. The east wing is used by men students ; in the basement are baths and lockers; the first and second floors contain the rooms of the Indiana Union and other organizations for men students. In the center of the building is an auditorium capable of seat- ing six hundred persons, where vesper services are occasionally held on Sun- day afternoons, and popular lectures and entertainments may be given during the week. Below the auditorium is a commons room, used for class, or club. meetings and banquets.
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES.
Maxwell hall, which is occupied by the administrative offices and the School of Law, is named for Dr. David H. Maxwell, one of the most ener- getic promoters of the State Seminary and a lifelong friend of the university in the three stages of its development, and for his son. Dr. James D. Maxwell,
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a member of the board of trustees from 1860 to 1892. The main part of the building is of white limestone, in Romanesque style.
BUILDINGS FOR RECITATIONS AND LECTURES.
To give additional space for the School of Law, a three-story addition to Maxwell hall was erected in 1907, connected with the main body of the building from the rear by a corridor, and separated by an inclosed court.
Owen hall, rebuilt in 1911, is named for Richard Owen, the geologist, who was professor of natural science in Indiana University from 1863 to 1879. It contains the lecture rooms and laboratories of the departments of physiology and anatomy.
Wylie Hall, the first building in the east side of the quadrangle, was partially destroyed by fire February 7, 1900, but is now restored and in- creased by one story. Like Owen Hall, it is built of brick trimmed with stone. Dr. Andrew Wylie, the first president of Indiana University, and Prof. Theophilus A. Wylie, the colleague of Professors Owen and Kirkwood, are worthily commemorated in this building, which was the principal one erected in 1884. Wylie hall is used by the departments of chemistry and mathematics.
Kirkwood hall, the next building to the south, is built of white limestone, as ( with one exception ) are all the buildings erected since 1884. A Roman- esque portal, surmounted by a tower, is the most striking feature of the facade. The building contains the rooms of the following departments : Economics and social science (basement, first floor ), history and political science (first floor), comparative philology (first floor), Greek (second floor ), Latin (second floor), romance languages (first and second floors). and German (basement, first, second and third floors ).
Science hall was completed in 1902 and dedicated January 21, 1903, at the installation of President Bryan. It is the last building in the east side of the quadrangle. Its interior construction is of brick, iron, and concrete, the exterior being of white limestone. It is one of the largest buildings on the campus. It contains a basement and four stories, and is occupied by the following departments : Physics (basement, first floor), philosophy (second and third floors), educational (second, third and fourth floors ), and geology (third and fourth floors).
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