USA > Indiana > Lawrence County > History of Lawrence and Monroe counties, Indiana : their people, industries, and institutions > Part 27
USA > Indiana > Monroe County > History of Lawrence and Monroe counties, Indiana : their people, industries, and institutions > Part 27
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Biology building, an additional building for the use of the science de- partments, finished in 1910, is the first structure on the south side of the quadrangle. It is built of white limestone, and is fireproof throughout. It contains the lecture rooms and laboratories of the departments of botany and zoology, and the rooms of the department of English. A greenhouse for the use of the department of botany is connected with the building.
OBSERVATORY.
Kirkwood observatory, situated south of the student building, is built of white limestone. It contains six rooms, including a circular dome room twenty-six feet in diameter. Both the observatory and Kirkwood hall are named in honor of Dr. Daniel Kirkwood, one of the most eminent of Ameri- can astronomers, who was for many years a member of the faculty of the university.
OTHER BUILDINGS.
Mitchell hall, named for the Hon. James L. Mitchell, a graduate of 1858 and trustee from 1883 till his death in 1894, is a wooden structure, east of Science hall. Until the completion of the student building it was used for the women's gymnasium. It is now used by classes in music.
The men's gymnasium was erected in 1896. In addition to its athletic uses, it serves on extraordinary occasions as an assembly room, having a seating capacity of one thousand five hundred.
East of the men's gymnasium is the power house, completed in 1904. From this central plant all the buildings except Kirkwood observatory, are supplied with steam heat and electric light, and the laboratories of the de- partments of physics, chemistry, and philosophy with electric power. The old power house, near by, has been converted into a laboratory for electro- chemistry, assaying, and electric furnace work.
A well-house of white limestone, with stained glass skylights, was pre- sented to the university in 1908 by Theodore F. Rose, '75, who is now a mem- ber of the board of trustees. The stone portals to this structure were the portals to the Old College building before the removal of the university to the present site.
JORDAN FIELD.
In the tract of ground lying northeast of Owen hall and the men's gym- nasium is Jordan Field, the athletic grounds-named in honor of David
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Starr Jordan, president of the University from 1884 to 1891. On con- tiguous ground to the west are a number of tennis courts for the use of men students.
In the wooded ground on the south side of the campus, near Mitchell hall, are four well-shaded tennis courts for women students.
The various clubs and societies of the university include, the Greek- letter fraternities, alumni association, Christian associations for both men and women. Also the Indiana Union, a social organization founded in 1909, with a charter membership of four hundred. Plans are now maturing for the construction of a fine building for this society. Then there are the Women's League, the musical clubs, literary and scientific societies, graduate clubs, departmental clubs and many others.
RECENT GIFTS AND BEQUESTS.
In February, 1911, the university received as the gift of Dr. and Mrs. Robert W. Long, of Indianapolis, real estate in Indianapolis valued at two hundred thousand dollars, for the erection of a hospital in connection with the School of Medicine. The purpose of Dr. and Mrs. Long in giving was twofold : To make it possible for worthy persons of limited means from all parts of Indiana to secure hospital advantages and the services of the best physicians in connection therewith : and to provide clinical facilities for stu- dents of medicine in connection with the Indiana University School of Medi- cine. Recently Dr. Long gave an additional twenty-five thousand dollars for the equipment of the Long Hospital.
By the terms of the will of Miss Louise A. Goodbody, dean of women from 1906 to her death on March 5, 1911, real estate in Bloomington valued at four thousand dollars was bequeathed to the university. By the provisions of the will, the rents and profits of the property are to go to the father of Miss Goodbody, Walter G. Goodbody, during his lifetime. As a memorial to Miss Goodbody, a loan fund, to be known as the Louise Goodbody Memorial Loan Fund, has been established. Voluntary contributions to the amount of one thousand three hundred dollars have thus far been received. The principal and interest of this fund will be lent to women students who desire assist- ance in meeting the expenses of their course in Indiana University.
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OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYMENT.
Students who wish to make a part of the expenses of their college course while here, and are competent and willing, rarely fail to get all the work they care to do. The Christian associations make the finding of places for those desiring employment a special feature of their practical work. At the present time, there are in the university about one hundred and twenty-five men students who are making their way, in whole or in part, and about twelve women students. The lines of work engaged in are chiefly the fol- lowing: Surveying, waiting on table, and dishwashing at boarding clubs; attending to furnaces and doing chores; newspaper correspondence, collect- ing and clerking for business houses ; typewriting, etc. Girls who are capable of assisting at housework have no difficulty in finding places in good families, where they will receive room and board in return for their services. A spirit of democracy prevails in the university; no stigma attaches to the student who is obliged to make a living by honest labor.
UNIVERSITY LIBRARY.
The library of Indiana University at present contains eighty-five thou- sand volumes, and is growing at the rate of about five thousand volumes a year. The selection of these books has been made by experts within the last twenty-five years with a view to facilitating instruction and research. The collection is especially strong in literary and scientific periodicals. The library is made thoroughly usable by a carefully prepared card catalogue, by indexes, and other bibliographical aids.
In addition to the central library, where the general literary and his- torical collections are housed, there are nine departmental collections of vary- ing sizes, kept in the different university buildings. The library force con- sists of a librarian and twelve assistants, all of whom are at the service of any authorized user of the library.
EXPENSES.
The expenses of the student will vary according to his way of living. Most of the students lodge in private houses and board in clubs. From inquiry the following facts have been ascertained, which will indicate to an entering student the amount he may expect to spend during the college year.
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A room occupied by one person costs from one dollar to four dollars a week. Two students rooming together pay as a rule from seventy-five cents to two dollars each; at the latter rate, fuel and light should usually be included. Rooms are generally engaged by the term and paid for weekly. The cost of a room for a year will vary, then, from thirty-six to one hundred and fifty dollars.
Fuel and light are charged for extra, except by special agreement. From fifteen to twenty dollars will generally cover this expense. Laundry and wash- ing may be estimated at from ten to twenty-five dollars.
Board may be had in clubs at three dollars a week (payable weekly ). Board in hotels costs from four dollars to five dollars. The amount to be set aside for board for the year varies from one hundred to one hundred and eighty dollars.
Text-books and stationery are supplied students by the university book- store at practically cost price. For a student in the College of Liberal Arts this item of expense is about twenty dollars a year; for a student in the School of Law, or the School of Medicine, about thirty to thirty-five dollars.
VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS.
The College of Liberal Arts is the nucleus of the university. Passing over the seminary stage of the university's history, the College of Liberal Arts may be said to have begun in 1828, with the chartering of the institution as the Indiana College. Until the Law School was re-established in 1889, the College of Liberal Arts was ( with the exception of the then existing prepara- tory school) the only permanent department of the university. The statutes governing the university which date from this period, therefore. deal chiefly with what is now the College of Liberal Arts.
The departmental organization of the college was made in 1887. Since that date the number of departments has, of course, considerably increased.
LAW DEPARTMENT.
The founders of what is now the Indiana University designed. from its inception, to incorporate in it a school of law. As early as 1835 the board of trustees, considering the question of the immediate opening of such a school at Bloomington, went so far as to select the foremost lawyer of his day in Indiana, Judge Isaac Blackford, as its first professor of law. In 1838, when the Indiana College became by act of the Legislature the Indiana University,
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it was expressly required that a course of law should be given in it. A school of law was accordingly opened at Bloomington, as a department of the uni- versity, in 1842. This was, it is believed, the first State University law school established west of the Alleghanies.
The original purpose of the university board was to establish a two years' course of law. The conditions of the time, however, prevented this for many years. It was not until 1889 that such a course was definitely established. A three years' course was established in the year 1901.
Lack of funds resulted, in the year 1877, in a suspension of the Law School, which lasted twelve years. With this exception, the school has been in continuous operation since 1842.
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.
The steps in the development of the Indiana University School of Medi- cine will be evident from the following historical statement :
The Indiana Medical College, Indianapolis, was organized in 1869.
The College of Physicians and Surgeons, Indianapolis, was organized in 1874 and continued until 1878, when it was combined with the Indiana Med- ical College, thereafter known as the Medical College of Indiana, which for a time was the medical department of Butler University.
The Central College of Physicians and Surgeons, Indianapolis, was or- ganized in 1879.
The Fort Wayne College of Medicine, Fort Wayne, was organized in 1879.
The Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, was organ- ized in 1903.
The State College of Physicians and Surgeons, Indianapolis, was organ- ized in 1906.
In September, 1905, the Medical College of Indiana, the Central Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Fort Wayne College of Medicine merged under the name of the Indiana Medical College, the school of medicine of Purdue University.
In the summer of 1907, the Indiana University School of Medicine and the State College of Physicians and Surgeons united under the name of the Indiana University School of Medicine.
In April, 1908, negotiations were completed whereby the Indiana Medical
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College was united with the Indiana University School of Medicine under the name of the latter.
On February 26, 1909, an act was passed by the Legislature authorizing the trustees of Indiana University to conduct a medical school in Marion county, to receive gifts of real estate and other property in behalf of the state of Indiana for the maintenance of medical education in said county, and declaring an emergency.
THE SUMMER TERM SYSTEM.
The university offers in the summer a full term's work, the term being divided into two half-terms of equal credit value. Although many courses continue through both half-terms, the work of each is in charge of a different corps of teachers.
The purpose of the summer term is to extend to those who are otherwise engaged during the school year the advantages which the university offers for instruction, together with the aid afforded by the library, laboratories, and other facilities for study connected with the university. It is the aim to present courses of study which are equivalent in quality of instruction and grade of work done to those offered in the other university terms. Some of the courses have been specially arranged for the purpose of aiding those who teach, or wish to prepare themselves to teach, in high schools, academies, and other schools. Methods of teaching will also be treated incidentally in other courses.
THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION.
An act of the General Assembly, passed in 1853, provided that the uni- versity should "establish a normal department for instruction in the theory and practice of teaching," wherein young persons might be prepared as teach- ers for the common schools of the state. In accordance with this require- ment, the university established, that same year, such a department, "with a male and female model school as schools of practice," in connection therewith.
From 1856 to 1886, inclusive, the normal department was suspended. In the latter year it was revived, first as the department of pedagogy. and later as the department of education. In each case, the department was regarded as organically a part of the College of Liberal Arts, in which a major subject, leading to the degree Bachelor of Arts, might be taken as in other similar departments.
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The enactment of the school law of 1907, requiring pedagogical training from all classes of public school teachers of the state, was followed by the segregation and formal organization of the pedagogic courses and faculty in the university. The result is the present enlarged School of Education.
GRADUATE SCHOOL.
The first advanced degrees, conferred for graduate work, were granted in 1881. During the eighties, well defined regulations for graduate work and graduate degrees were stated in the university catalogue, and a consider- able number of graduate students were enrolled, especially in the natural sciences. In the years 1881 to 1893, inclusive, the university graduated four- teen Doctors of Philosophy, ninety-nine Masters of Arts, and twelve Masters of Science. For some years following 1893, however, the degree of Doctor of Philosophy was not conferred.
In 1904 there took place the segregation and formal organization of the Graduate School, and in 1908 the office of dean of the Graduate School was created.
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE.
1816-First Constitution of Indiana adopted, providing for a general system of education, ascending in regular gradation from township schools to a state university.
1820-January 20. Act of the General Assembly establishing a state seminary. This day is observed as Foundation day.
1824-Seminary building erected. Seminary opened in May with an attendance of ten boys.
1828-January 24. Act changing the State Seminary into the Indiana College.
1836-First college building erected; destroyed by fire, 1854.
1838-February 15. Act changing the Indiana College into the Indiana University.
1842-School of Law established ; suspended, 1877-89: revived, 1889.
1852-June 17. Act recognizing the university as "the University of the State."
1855-"Old College" building erected: used for Preparatory School, 1885-90; sold to Bloomington school board for use of high school, 1897.
1865-President of Indiana University made a member ex-officio of the state board of education.
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1867-March 8. First annual appropriations made to the university. The university made coeducational; first woman graduated in 1869.
1873-Closer relations established between the university and the high schools through the system of commissioned high schools.
1874-Old Science hall erected; destroyed by fire, 1883.
1883-March 8. Endowment act passed levying one-half of one cent on each $100 taxable property, for thirteen years.
1884-5-Wylie, Owen and Mitchell halls erected on new campus, and removal of the university to its present site.
1886-7-Reorganization of the curriculum on the major subject and de- partmental basis.
1890-Maxwell hall erected. Summer school established. Preparatory department abolished.
1891-March 3. Act providing for the election of three trustees by the alumni of the university.
1894-Kirkwood hall erected.
1895-March 8. Act for annual tax of one-fifteenth of a mill for the university. Biological station established at Turkey lake ; removed to Winona lake in 1899.
1896-Men's gymnasium erected.
1900-Kirkwood observatory erected.
1901 -- Three-year course established in School of Law.
1902-Science hall erected. June 24, supreme court of the state de- cided that "the Indiana University is an integral part of our free school sys- tem"; that "it was the special creation of the constitution," and that "the uni- versity as well as its endowment has always been under the supervision of the state."
1903-School of Medicine established. Tax levy for university in- creased to one-tenth of a mill.
1904-Graduate School organized.
1905-Student building erected with funds from private subscription. New power house erected.
1907-New library building completed.
1908-Erection of the well house, gift of Theodore F. Rose, '75.
1910-Biological building erected.
I911-, Gift front Dr. and Mrs. Robert W. Long of real estate valned at two hundred thousand dollars for the erection and maintenance of a hospital in connection with the School of Medicine at Indianapolis. Bequest of prop-
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erty valued at four thousand dollars by the will of Dean Louise A. Goodbody. Establishment of the Louise Goodbody Memorial Loan Fund.
1913 -- Tax levy for university increased to two and four-fifths cents on the hundred dollars.
1913-Additional gift of twenty-five thousand dollars to the Medical School by Dr. Robert W. Long.
During the last twenty years, this institution has grown as follows: 1892 it had 497 students; in 1897, it had 944; in 1902, it had 1.334; in 1907 it reached 1,821 ; in 1912 it had 2,522 students.
The subjoined is a brief biography of each of its presidents :
BRIEF SKETCHES OF THE PRESIDENTS.
Dr. Andrew Wylie, the first president of Indiana University, was born April 12, 1789, in western Pennsylvania, son of Adam Wylie, a native of county Antrim, Ireland, who came to Fayette county Pennsylvania, about 1776. The son Andrew was reared to farm duties and spent his evenings at hard study. He loved outdoor sports and especially did he love to handle an axe in the forests, and this remained with him to his old age, as will present- ly be observed. When only fifteen years old he entered Jefferson College, from which he graduated in 1810 and was appointed a tutor of that institution, and finally became its president, the youngest person to ever hold such office there. In 1817 he resigned and went to Washington College, Pennsylvania, with the hope of uniting the two schools. In 1829 he was elected president of Indiana University ( College ). Here he made many warm friends as well as many opposers of his policies. He had strong likes and dislikes. As a writer, he was clear and terse. He was sought after by such men as Daniel Webster, who liked his writings and speeches. In 1839 he had published books, including his "Sectarianism is Heresy." He was reared a Presby- terian, but in 1841 united with the Episcopalian church, which displeased many. He died November 11, 1851. after having his foot cut with his axe accidentally, and still later pneumonia set in and killed him.
REV. ALFRED RYORS, D. D.
Doctor Ryors, the university's second president, was born in Phila- delphia, June 23, 1812, and was left an orphan at a very tender age, not recall- ing vividly his parents in after years. He went to live with friends in Mont-
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gomery county, Pennsylvania, and there remained until 1823, in which year he united with the Presbyterian church and commenced a preparatory course for entering the theological school. He entered Jefferson College in 1831, remaining two years, and then taught school at Bristol, Pennsylvania. In 1834 he went back to Jefferson College, graduating in 1835, and was made professor at Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania ; held chairs at the Uni- versity of Ohio, was ordained to preach in Philadelphia ; was elected professor in mathematics at Indiana University in 1843, held one year, and then again back to the University of Ohio. He preached at Bloomington, Indiana, two years to the Presbyterian people and was ordained by the presbytery in 1845. In 1852 returned to Bloomington as president of Indiana University; re- mained one year and resigned; he was then professor in a Kentucky college. where he died May 8, 1858.
WILLIAM M. DAILY, D. D.
The third president of Indiana University was born in Coshocton, Ohio, in 1812. His youth was spent in Indiana and he taught at the age of fifteen years. He was a delicate child and youth, hence gave up the rugged work of a farm. He grew up in the Methodist Episcopal church; at the age of sixteen years he became an exhorter and was styled "boy preacher." In 1831 he united with the Methodist conference and was made an elder in 1835. He kept on studying, even being up at four in the morning with his books. He was stationed at Bloomington in 1835-36; in 1838 was an agent for the Preachers' Aid society of his church and transferred to Missouri, being stationed at St. Louis till 1840. when he returned to Indiana in ill health. In 1843, at Bishop Ames' suggestion, he was made pastor at Madison, Indiana. In 1844-45 he was chaplain of the United States Congress. He was agent for Asbury University (now De Pauw). In 1853 he was made president of Indiana University, was here six years, and returned to the Madison Methodist church. In 1862 he was hospital chaplain at St. Louis, under appointment of Mr. Lincoln. In 1865 he was appointed special mail agent in the Southern states. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Indiana Uni- versity in 1851 and later that of Doctor of Laws from the Louisville Uni- versity. He preached in the South until his death.
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JOHN HIRAM LATHROP.
John H. Lathrop, the fourth president of Indiana University, was born in January, 1799, in Sherburne, New York. He entered Hamilton College in 1815 and Yale two years later, receiving his degrees in 1819. He was a tutor of note at Yale College; taught school in New England; was professor in mathematics at Hamilton, 1829. In 1840 he became president of the Uni- versity of Missouri, when it first started, and when it took him six weeks to get there. On account of the slave question, he resigned in 1849 and went as chancellor to Wisconsin University and after ten years was made president of Indiana University, where he remained one year, after which he returned, as a professor, to the University of Missouri. He died in May, 1866, at Columbia, the seat of the university.
CYRUS NUTT.
Cyrus Nutt was the fifth president of Indiana University. He was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, September 4, 1814. He graduated at Allegheny College, Pennsylvania, in 1831, and soon after went to Asbury University (now DePauw), Indiana, where he was licensed to preach in 1837. He was professor of languages in 1841, professor of Greek, Latin and Hebrew in 1849, and served as president of Fort Wayne Female College one year. Then he was at Whitewater College for five years and again took up preaching. In 1857 he was made professor of mathematics at Asbury University, Indiana, for two years, until Rev. Thomas Bowman (later Bishop) became its presi- dent. In 1860 he was made president of Indiana University until end of the college year of 1874-75. He died a few weeks after his resignation, August 24, 1875, and lies buried at Greencastle, Indiana.
LEMUEL MOSS.
The sixth president of Indiana University was born in Kentucky in 1829. He graduated at Rochester, New York, as a Bachelor of Arts in 1858, was made a Doctor of Divinity in 1860, and in 1860-64 was pastor of the Baptist church at Worcester, Massachusetts. In 1864 he was made secretary of the United States Christian Commission. From 1865 to 1868 he held a chair at Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, from 1868 to 1872 was editor of the National Bap- tist. In 1874-75 he was president of Chicago University and was then made
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president of Indiana University. He was author of "Annals of the Christian Commission" and editor of the "Baptist and Centenary, 1876." Resigned in November, 1884.
DAVID STARR JORDAN.
Indiana University's seventh president was born in Wyoming, New York, in 1851, and was reared on a farm. He early took to botany and in 1869 he entered Cornell University, New York, graduating as a Master of Science in 1875 ; also had the degree of Doctor of Medicine from Indiana Medical Col- lege. He was instructor in botany at Cornell in 1872, and held many chairs in various states. From 1879 to 1885 he was professor of biology in Indiana University and was made its president in 1884. In 1882 he explored Lake Superior ; in 1886 the Adirondacks and also Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas and Texas; in 1888, Virginia, Tennessee and the two Carolinas; 1889, Colorado, Utah and Wyoming. He resigned at Indiana University in 1891 to accept the head of the Leland Stanford University, California, which was a hard blow to our university in Indiana. More credit is due to this president than any other man, living or deceased, for the upbuilding of Indiana University.
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