USA > Indiana > Montgomery County > History of Montgomery County, together with historic notes on the Wabash Valley; gleaned from early authors, old maps and manuscripts, private and official correspondence, and other authentic sources > Part 41
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Officers under dispensation : Thomas Moffett. E.C .: Andrew J. Royalty, G .; Tilghman T. Davis, C.G .; Francis M. Symmes. P .; Samuel D. Smith. S. W .: David D. Jones. J. W .; John L. Davis. Treas .: Lucien A. Foote, Recorder: Preston M. Layne, St. B .; Jacob M. Troutman, Sw. B .; William N. Babcock, W .: Samuel G. Weldon. S.
A charter was granted to the commandery in April 1875, and it was constituted May 5, 1875, by Sir Knight Martin H. Rice, special deputy of the grand commander of the state.
At the time of and since the organization there have been received
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twelve members on dimits, while fifty have received the orders, of which number nine have dimitted and three have been suspended, leaving the present membership fifty.
The present officers are Thomas Moffett, E.C .; James Wright. G .; Theodore D. Brown, C.G .; Josephus L. Fordyce, P .; William T. Fry, S. W .; Thomas S. Mckinley. J. W .; John L. Davis, Treas .; . Lucien A. Foote, Recorder; David D. Jones, St. B .; Archelaus Bailey, Sw. B .; Jolin G. Overton, W .; William G. Hanna, C.G .; Charles Goltra, 1st G .; John H. Shue, 2d G .; Marion P. Wolfe, 3d G.
The craft possess a large and elegantly furnished hall on Main street, and have all the usual facilities for their work.
There are two flourishing lodges of the Independent Order of Odd-Fellows. Crawfordsville Lodge, No. 223, occupying a commo- dious hall on Green street, in Commercial Row, and Montgomery Lodge, No. 38, located in Ornbaum's block, having the largest hall of any secret order in the city. Connected with these are Martha Washington Lodge of Daughters of Rebekah, No. 13, and Bethesda Encampment, No. 15. All the branches are in a flourishing condi- tion and steadily increasing in membership. The order owns a beautiful cemetery, lying just outside the city limits, on the south, and reached by the Greencastle road.
The following are the present officers of Montgomery Lodge, No. 38 : W. B. Hardee, N.G .; J. B. Sidener, V.G .; J. L. Williams, P.S .; C. W. Wright, R.S .; P. C. Somerville, Treas .; G. M. Piercy, W .; W. C. Carr, Con .; R. M. Canine, O.G .;; W. P. Gregg, I.G .: Benj. Myers, R.S.S .; Wm. Milligan, L.S.S .; Wm. Constancer, R.S.N.G .; Ed. Voris, R.S. V.G .; Ol. Burk. L.S. V.G.
The officers of the Encampment are Jas. Wasson, C. P .; Milton Henderson, J.W .; Richard Canine, S.W .; James Owen, Scribe ; Stephen Hilwell, H.P .; Chas. W. Elmore, Treas .; Wm. Vanslyke, F. W .; Abram Miller, S.W .; John Hoover, L. W .; Wm. Enoch, F.W .; Adam Miller, F.G.toT .; John Hardee. S.G.toT .: W. S. Smith, O.S.
De Bayard Lodge, No. 39, Knights of Pythias, was organized in 1873, as Eli Kalın with its first chancellor commander. Its present membership is eighty, and the following corps of officers control its affairs: J. E. Humphries, P.C .; J. Q. W. Wilhite. C.C .; Chas. A. Miller, V.C .; Rev. J. Harris, prelate .; Geo. Robinson, K. of R.and S .; D. A. Roach, M.F .; Wm. Lee, M.E .; W. T. Fry, M.A .; W. J. Insley, I.G .; B. R. Russell, O.G .; J. A. Hughes, Rep. to G.L .; W. T. Brush, D.D.C.C. Alfred Dickey, one of the char-
10
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HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
ter members of the lodge, has served as grand chancellor commander of the state.
Washington Lodge, No. 114, A.O. U.W .; W. B. Lyle, P.M. W .; U. M. Scott, M. W .: Jno. Bishop, F .; Frank Henry, O .; Jno. N. Taylor, recorder ; J. R. Duncan, receiver : Jas. S. Sellers, financier; Frank Nichols, guide ; J. C. Fry, I. W .; W. HI. Foust, O.W .: W. B. Lyle, Frank Nichols, W. H. Foust, trustees.
De Argentine Lodge, No. 996, K. of H., was organized March 30, 1877. The present officers are John N. Taylor, D .; W. H. King. V.D. : J. E. Cowan, R .; W. H. Fonst, F.R .; J.G. Overton, treasurer; C. M. Fisher, G. James E. Cowan, one of the charter members of the lodge, has served two terms as grand dictator of the state, and was one of the original members of the Supreme Lodge. John N. Taylor has served one term as grand reporter of the state.
Wabash Council, No. 476, Royal Arcanum, was organized in 1880, and has the following officers: W. T. Brush, past regent ; J. J. Insley, regent ; L. F. Hornaday, vice-regent ; M. W. Bruner, orator; Theo. McMechan, secretary ; S. L. Ensminger, collector ; P. C. Somerville, treasurer; W. T. Fry, chaplain ; B. V. Galey, guard ; T. H. Ristine, warden ; J. C. Barnhill Jr., sentinel ; J. J. Insley, J. M. Cowan, T. H. B. McCain, trustees.
There are two lodges of Good Templars in Crawfordsville : Montgomery Lodge, No. 5, and Talbott Lodge, No. 16; both lodges are in vigorous working condition.
The Emerald Benevolent Association has a successful branch or- ganization, and is supported by a large number of our Irish citizens.
McPherson Post, No. 7, G. A. R., was organized July 1879, and was attached to the department of Illinois for some six months, until Indiana was organized as a separate department, when the Post be- came subordinate to the latter jurisdiction. The qualifications for membership are a good moral character, and honorable service in the Union army during the war of the rebellion. The objects of the organization are to keep alive the memory of the military ser- vices of its members, to assist each other when in distress, to aid the needy families of deceased comrades, and see that decoration day is properly observed each year.
Since its organization two members of the Post have died, namely, Samuel Black and W. H Ryker, both of Co. B, 120th reg. Ind. Vols.
The membership of the Post is seventy-five, and the officers as follows : Byron R. Russell, P.C .; George W. Lamb, S. V.C .; James F. Boots, T.V.C .; Joseph McDaniel, officer of day : Charles
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Butcher, officer of guard ; George R. Brown, Q.M .; Henry Perry. adjutant ; John S. French, surgeon ; Lewis Ambrose, chaplain.
In addition to the foregoing organizations, the colored citizens have lodges of Masons and Odd-Fellows, recently established and holding frequent sessions.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
The fire department is controlled by a voluntary association of citizens, formed January 13, 1869.
The first officers chosen were: T. D. Brown, president; J. V. Keeran, vice-president : W. H. Ryker, secretary ; Paul Hughes, treasurer; W. H. Faust, foreman ; M. V. B. Smith, first assistant foreman ; G. H. Bailey, second assistant foreman ; John Hoover, A. F. Ramsey, M. V. B. Smith, M. Doherty, H. H. Crist, direct- ors. W. H. Ashley was appointed chief fire engineer by the city council, and served acceptably in that position for seven years.
On January 5, 1869, the department lost by death its first mem -. ber and the real originator of the department, W. S. Galey, then one of the council of the city, representing the third ward. Since that time the following members have deceased: Thomas B. Griffith, P. G. White, August E. Newell, George Smith, and W. H. Ryker. The department own two excellent hand engines, pur- chased from the city of Terre Haute in April 1869; three service- able hose-carts, and 2,000 feet of hose.
The city now has thirty-five large fire cisterns distributed between the several wards.
The department has made a record of horizontal throwing. 226 feet ; vertical throwing, 190. The present officers are A. H. Gerard, president ; W. H. Morgan, vice-president; U. M. Scott, foreman ; Jas. Sharpe, first assistant foreman ; Bruce Speed, second assistant foreman ; W. C. Carr, recording secretary ; John Stotts, financial secretary ; Paul Hughes, treasurer ; J. S. Wilhite, Charles Galey, D. W. Hartman, directors.
CRAWFORDSVILLE GAS LIGHT COMPANY.
Messrs. P. F. Good & Co., of Ashtabula, Ohio, began the erec- tion of gas works in Crawfordsville in October 1874, for the manu- facture of illuminating gas from crude petroleum under Green's pat- ent. After laying nearly two miles of main pipe, and commencing to supply consumers, the company sold their works and franchises to a company of citizens who formed in January 1875, the Crawfords- ville Gas Light Company, with W. P. Herron. president, and P. C.
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HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
Somerville, secretary and treasurer. Since that date the new com- pany have added to the original works and extended the service, un- til now there are laid over seven miles of main piping, and two gas- ometers are required having a capacity of 25,000 cubic feet. The city owns seventy-five street lamps, and the use of gas has become general among the citizens.
The Wabash Merry Bowmen were organized by Maurice Thomp- son, the distinguished poet and author, in May 1874. It was mainly from an article from Mr. Thompson's pen, published in "Scribner's Magazine," that the pastime of archery became fashionable in the United States. Out of the above-named organization has grown the powerful " National Archery Association." The Merry Bowmen have held the championship over all competing teams ever since their organization. Messrs. J. A. Booe, H. II. Talbott, William Brewer, Theo. McMechan, and William H. and Maurice Thompson are members of the club who have especially distinguished them- selves in past contests, and gained numerous elegant and costly prizes.
The King Fisher Club. This company of disciples of Izaak Walton is composed entirely of citizens of Crawfordsville, and was organized July 24, 1878. The membership is limited to fourteen, and the present officers are E. C. Snyder, president ; B. R. Russell, secretary and treasurer ; T. D. Brown, commissary. The club owns four complete camping outfits, including boats, etc., and have a neatly furnished club-room in Crawford's block, where their business meetings and banquets are held. They enjoy vernal and autumnal visits to their favorite grounds on Indian creek and the "Shades of Death," romantic and picturesque localities in the southwestern part of the county.
The Crawfordsville Hunting and Fishing Club. This club was organized shortly after the close of the late war, and is composed of fifty of the best citizens of Crawfordsville. The point to which all their excursions are directed is on the Kankakee river, where featlı- ered and finny game abounds. The club owns a finely appointed club house on the river, at its crossing by the Logansport, New Al- bany & Chicago railroad.
There are, in addition to the foregoing, several social and dancing clubs, which contribute to make Crawfordsville society noted for gaiety and pleasantness.
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NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES.
There are four newspapers published in the city. The Craw- fordsville "Review," the oldest of the number, now in its fiftieth volume, is a weekly quarto of forty-eight columns, published by Thos. B. Collins, and advocates the principles of the democratic party. Attached to the office is the largest job establishment in the city.
The Crawfordsville "Journal," a forty-eight column paper, quarto, in its thirty-fourth volume, is the organ of the republican party. T. H. B. McCain is the publisher.
The Crawfordsville "Star," independent in politics, is also a quarto of forty-eight columns, and is regarded as one of the newsiest sheets published in the state. Jere. Keeney, a veteran Crawfords- ville editor, is at its head.
The "Daily News," published by Chas. H. Bowen, is a folio sheet of twenty columns, having an extensive circulation among the citizens.
The students of Wabash College publish two monthly period- icals, named "The Wabash " and " The Lariat."
Prof. J. M. Coulter, in charge of the chair of natural science in the college, is publishing from the "Review " office, a monthly magazine entitled "The Botanical Gazette," which, as its name in- dicates, is designed specially for botanists and herbalists, and has a wide circulation, both in this country and Europe.
TRADES AND PROFESSIONS.
There are at present in the city sixteen grocery and provision stores, nine dry-goods stores, four clothing stores, six boot and shoe stores, six drug stores, three fancy-goods and millinery stores, seven confectioneries, two book-stores, three jewelers, two hats, caps and gents' furnishing goods stores, five merchant tailors, one music store, six hardware stores, three carriage mannfactories, one coffin fac- tory, seven meat stores, three furniture stores, two saddlery and harness stores, three ice dealers, two banks, eight barber shops, two cigar stores, three cigar factories, two undertakers, five livery stables, two foundries and machine shops, two planing and saw mills, two grist-mills, four elevators for grain, five lumber yards, three coal yards, two wholesale groceries, twenty-five lawyers, twenty physi- cians, four dentists, and a host of artisans and mechanics.
The city extends over a rectangular area from north to south, nearly one mile, and from east to west nearly one and one half miles, and comprises a population of nearly 7,000 souls.
The different lines of traffic are as well-defined and separated here
-
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HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
as in cities of much larger growth. The volume of trade is steadily growing, and may safely be estimated at not less than $2,000,000 per annum.
A uniform system of grading streets and pavements is being en- forced, and a commencement has been made for sewer-drainage into Sugar creek, north of the city. The broad, smooth streets, ad- mirable pavements of stone and brick, long lines of maple shade- trees, and well-kept yards inclosing tasty and commodious dwellings, lend and appearance of thrift and comfort to the city that is always attractive to the eyes of strangers.
The following statistics, showing the yearly valuation of real and personal property within the city, taken from the tax duplicates, will show, approximately, the growth of the city in values. Due al- lowance must be given to the changing estimate of different assess- ors, and somewhat, of course, to the general condition of the county during each year.
Back of 1864 the listing officers have made no separation be- tween the assessed values of city and township property, and the statistics must necessarily commence with that year.
1864.
Personal property
$535,430
Real property
535,485
Total valuation
$1,070,915
Personal property
$595,840
Real property
552,770
Total valuation
$1,148,610
Personal property
$526,255
Real property
559,010
Total valuation
$1.085,265
Personal property
$686,260
Real property
551,655
Total valuation
$1,237,915
1868.
Personal property
$688,285
Real property
581,740
Total valuation
$1,270,025
1865.
1866.
1867.
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UNION TOWNSHIP.
1869.
Personal property
Real property
$666,955 859,350
Total valuation
$1,526,305
1870.
Personal property
$800,235
Real property
1,104,770
Total valuation
$1,905,005
1871.
Personal property
. $794,895
Real property
1,209,955
Total valuation
$1,904,850
1872.
Personal property
$634,180
Real property
. 1,125,010
Total valuation
$1,759,190
Personal property
$1,000,755
Real property
1,692,190
Total valuation
$2,692,945
1874.
Personal property
$853,240
Real property
1,609,290
Total valuation .
$2,462,530
Personal property
$929,445
Real property
1,464,305
Total valuation .
$2,393,750
1876.
Personal property
$869,085
Real property
1,427,400
Total valuation
$2,296,485
1873.
1875.
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HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
1877.
Personal property
$770,380
Real property
1,431,995
Total valuation
$2,202,375
1878.
Personal property
$715,975
Real property
1,450,030
Total valuation
$2,166,005
1879.
Personal property
$747,825
Real property
1,456,950
Total valuation
$2,204,775
1880.
Personal property
$816,305
Real property
1,269,765
Total valuation
$2,086,070
It will be observed from these figures that the panic of 1874 caused a decided diminution of valnes, and that the influence of that financial disaster has continued to be felt even to the present time.
The estimates of tax assessors are always made below actual market values, by at least one-third ; we may therefore increase the figures for 1880 by that amount, and safely consider the present value of
Personal property in Crawfordsville $1,188,406
Real property in Crawfordsville
1,693,020
Total valuation
$2,881,426
The mortgage indebtedness charged against the property of citi- zens within the corporate limits appears from the records to be about $608,000; but the probability is that fully one half of the amount has been liquidated and no satisfaction entered of record.
The municipal corporation is now entirely free from debt, and amply able to undertake further substantial improvements for the popular welfare.
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UNION TOWNSHIP.
HISTORY OF WABASH COLLEGE.
BY THE REV. JOSEPH F. TUTTLE, D. D.
In the summer of 1827 a young clergyman penetrated the wilder- ness in the midst of which Crawfordsville now stands. He had a comfortable settlement in an older community in the eastern part of the state, but he had an unconquerable desire "to found a college somewhere in the Wabash country."
In 1829 a second young minister, a younger brother of the first, came to Fountain county, and on Christmas day of the same year a third reached the valley of Logansport. In the spring of 1830 a fourth young minister settled in Tippecanoe county. Late in the fall of 1831 a fifth entered the valley and settled in Fountain county. Their names, in the order mentioned, are James Thomson, John S. Thomson, Martin M. Post, James A. Carnahan, and Edmund O. Hovey. The united property of all these was hardly enough to have purchased and stocked a farm. The animating purpose of the first one named, "to found a college somewhere in the Wabash country," gradually took possession of the whole five. They made long journeys through the wilderness that they might discuss, around the cabin fires, this dominant purpose. These five home missionaries, as their subsequent career proved, devoted themselves with persist- ent singleness of purpose to the establishment of the institutions of religion in this new country. They soon ascertained that either they must do without ministers, or put up with an illiterate ministry, if means were not taken to found an institution in which to educate young men. They felt the same necessity that drove the "godly gentlemen " of the past to found Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Wil- liams, Amherst, Hamilton, and many of the older institutions. And yet what could they do? They preached to feeble churches, and their constituency of both churches and individuals was at best small and poor, and yet they said " we must found a college to edu- cate young men who have the ministry in view in this region." On November 21, 1832, four of these men, Mr. Post not being present, with the Rev. John M. Ellis, of Illinois, and three elders of the Crawfordsville church, John Gilliland, John McConnell, and Heze- kiah Robertson, met in a small brick house that until recently was to be seen half a mile west of town. It also happened that one more, a stranger in town, met with them, Mr. Bradford King, a member of the Presbyterian church in Rochester, New York. There were nine in that convention in the little brick house. De-
154
HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
voutly did they open their meeting with "singing, and reading of the scriptures, and prayer by the Rev. John S. Thompson."
During the sessions that day, with the utmost seriousness, as if engaged in the most important business, they considered all the ar- guments for and against the proposed measure. It was then unani- mously resolved, "that in view of the wants of this section of the country, it is expedient to attempt the establishment of a literary in- stitution connected with a system of manual labor." Sixteen years afterward the Rev. Mr. Ellis, who presided on the occasion, described the purpose and the spirit of the convention. He was honored as one of the founders of Illinois College, and in 1832 was an agent of the American Education Society, and as such he says : " I became acquainted with the painful destitution of educated ministers in Indiana, and I learned from the brethren that for the last four years they had been urging the moral destitution of that state in the eastern churches and theological seminaries, imploring their aid in sending more laborers into that great field whitening and perishing for the harvest, and that for these four years of agonizing entreaty only two additional ministers could be obtained for a population of 400,000. This was a most depressing demonstration that the east could not be relied upon to furnish pastors for the teeming multi- tudes of that great state. At the same time it was found there were some twelve or fifteen pious young men, of the best promise, in the churches in the Wabash country who would study for the ministry could they have the facilities of education. "This seemed in those circumstances the clearest providential indication to found a college for the education of such young men. After conversation and cor- respondence with all the brethren for six or eight weeks, a general meeting for maturer deliberation and prayer was held at Crawfords- ville in which the most solemn and delightful sense of the divine presence seemed to pervade every bosom. In the end the judgment of the meeting was expressed in a unanimous vote, trusting in God to attempt the founding of a college for the education of young men for the christian ministry."
Judge Williamson Dunn, formerly land register at this point, authorized James Thomson in his behalf, to offer fifteen acres of 'land, west of town, as a gift to the enterprise, and to sell additional land at the rate of $20 an acre, both of which offers were carried out in good faith. Judge Dunn, in 1824, had been one of the origi- nal members who were formed into the Presbyterian church of Crawfordsville by the Rev. Isaac Reed. Ile had been associated with the founding of Hanover College, and in 1830 had gone back
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UNION TOWNSHIP.
to Hanover. He was held in great esteem here. His gift was valued as equal to $300.
It was resolved that the board of trustees was never to exceed fifteen in number, and immediately to elect eight by ballot. They were Williamson Dunn, Edmund O. Hovey, James Thomson, James A. Carnahan, John S. Thomson, Martin M. Post, Samuel G. Lowry and John Gilliland. It was also "resolved that the institu- tion be at first a classical and English high school, rising into a col- lege as soon as the wants of the country demand." The name sub- sequently selected was the somewhat long one of "The Wabash Manual Labor College and Teachers' Seminary," which at once, in common speech, shrunk itself into " Wabash College," an honored and widely known name.
The board of trustees held its first meeting the same evening, and the next evening, 22d, the first public meeting in its behalf was held in the "briek meeting-house," at which addresses were made and a subscription started, but so little noise did the movement make that the town paper, for nearly a year made not a single reference to it, except the notice that "the Rev. J. M. Ellis will preach in the Pres- byterian church on Sunday next at 12 o'clock."
This public meeting was on Thursday night, and is said to have been a spirited affair. That night the four ministers from abroad, John S. Thomson, Edmund (). Hovey, James A. Carnahan, John M. Ellis, were the guests of James Thomson at the little brick house where the convention was held. After breakfast, all but James Thomson and Mr. Ellis, having donned overcoats and leggings, for a ride on horseback homeward through the forests and mud, the five ministers went to the land presented by Judge Dunn, to select a spot for the building to be erected the next season. Snow had fallen through the night. As to the memorable scene which was there enacted, I may quote the description as given by two of the partici- pants. One of them, Prof. Hovey, sixteen years after the scene oc- curred, said : "Those present will never forget the earnest prayer offered for the divine guidance and blessing, especially the closing scene, when upon the spot selected for Wabash College, in the midst of nature's unbroken loveliness, they consecrated this enter- prise to the furtherance of virtue and knowledge among mankind to God, and solemnly invoked npon it the divine blessing."
Mr. Ellis adds these beautiful words: "We then proceeded in a body to the intended location in the primeval forest, and there kneeling in the snow we dedicated the grounds to the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost for a christian college." It should be added that Mr. Ellis made the prayer.
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HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
Mr. Ellis speaks of the chief men in this college enterprise as "almost penniless home missionaries," and the laymen associated with them directly in the enterprise were also poor men. Through Judge Dunn's liberality they have land for their building, but the very plain structure they were to put up, "thirty by forty feet. two stories above the basement," would cost $2,000. It is true they modestly purposed only to have "an English and classical high school that was to rise into a college" when the condition of the country should require it, but that did not remove the necessities for money to build with. The first subscriptions were made at a public meeting November 22. Within a year the amount reached was only $1,243, and in two years the amount was 82,514. During the year 1833 the founders were straining every nerve to build and pay for the very unpretending house, which may yet be seen, now known as Forest Hall, in which to hold the high school that was " gradually to rise into a college." A yoke of oxen and a wagon were bought, and a man hired to drive them ; the timbers were hewed at three cents a foot and the stone delivered at $1.50 a perch. One of the trustees, on his own note, borrowed on good terms $100, because the lender refused to take the note of the trustees. The result was that by the beginning of winter the building was so far finished that on December 3, 1833, Prof. Caleb Mills opened the school with twelve students. No sooner was the board of trustees organized than a committee was appointed to secure a charter, but reported it unwise to press the matter at that time. The next fall, 1834, the legislature was asked for a charter, which was granted, although ex- tremely illiberal in its provisions ; and under this illiberal charter. a sort of legislative straight-jacket, the college was forced to act for twenty years.
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