USA > Indiana > Wayne County > Richmond > Memoirs of Wayne County and the city of Richmond, Indiana; from the earliest historical times down to the present, including a genealogical and biographical record of representative families in Wayne County, Volume I Pt. 2 > Part 4
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at $5,000. The bank existed about eleven years without paying any dividends. The members gradually sold out until it was owned by Mason and Bowman. Bowman was cashier and had entire charge of the business ; in fact, no examination of his books was ever made, for the greatest of confidence was placed in him. He shot himself on the night of July 3, 1905. Charles DuHadway, of the First Na- tional Bank of Richmond, was called and, with others, found that the books were in bad shape and that the losses of the depositors would be heavy. J. A. Spekenhier was appointed receiver and closed up the business. The estates of both Mason and Bowman were lia- ble to their entire amounts, so that both estates were completely sold out to help pay liabilities. The liabilities were found to be $150,000. The resources would cover only a part of this, and forty- eight cents on the dollar was all the depositors received. The de- posits at this time were about $145,000. This bank was located on Main street, between Plumb and Washington, where the First Na- tional is now located.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF HAGERSTOWN.
This bank was organized Aug. 18, 1905, after the Commercial Bank had failed. The charter number is 7902, and is dated Sept. 5, 1905. It began business Sept. 15, 1905. The original directors were George H. Eggemeyer, Edwin Cates, Thomas B. Millican, William M. Pense, David W. Kinsey, Henry C. Starr, Samuel W. Gaar, and Lindley M. Pierce. Mr. Pierce held the office only a short time, when he sold out, and since then the directors have not been changed. The original officers were: George H. Egge- meyer, president ; Thomas B. Millican, vice-president; and Robert Hicks, cashier. On Sept. 1, 1907, A. R. Jones was made cashier, and on Jan. I, 1909, Frank Dennis was made assistant cashier. The capital stock of $30,000 has not been changed. The bank has a paid-in surplus of $20,000, with undivided profits of $1,600. The deposits on the first day of business were $12,000, and on Jan. 31, 1910, $190,000. The approved reserve banks are the Capital Na- tional, of Indianapolis, and the Liberty National Bank, of New York. The stockholders are George L. Cates, Samuel W. Gaar, Edwin H. Cates, George H. Eggemeyer, Harry Starr, Daniel G. Reid, Thomas B. Millican, David W. Kinsey, William M. Pense, Fred Saint, Wil- liam F. Bryket, and E. M. Wiseheart. The earnings were allowed to accumulate until 1909, when an eight per cent. dividend was paid. No interest was paid on deposits until Jan. 1, 1910; they are now
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paying three per cent. on time deposits. This bank is located on Main street, between Plumb and Washington. On account of the cramped condition in the building in which it is located, in 1910 the room was remodeled and increased in length. The old bank furni- ture of the Second National Bank of Richmond was then purchased, which adds greatly to the appearance and convenience of the bank.
THE FOUNTAIN BANK OF FOUNTAIN CITY.
The next town after Hagerstown to start a bank was Fountain City. On Oct. 11, 1902, J. A. Peelle and William H. Pence organized a private bank, of which they were sole owners. The charter num- ber is 88. In 1904, Alfred Hill bought two-eighths of the stock, the other owners each having three-eighths. The shares were $100 each. In 1907 J. A. Peelle died, and his shares stand in the name of the J. A. Peelle heirs. The capital stock is $10,000 and has never been changed. The surplus is $300. The deposits at the end of the fifth year of business were $48,000. On Jan. 31, 1910, they were $68,000 and the loans amounted to $45,000. The officers are Thom- as Brennan, cashier, and Miss Mary Melody, bookkeeper, these offi- cers having never been changed. This bank is operated under the laws of the State of Indiana. Two yearly reports are made to the Auditor of State on printed forms. Weekly statements are made to the owners. It is subject to the examination of the State Ex- aminer, once a year. Dividends of thirteen per cent. are paid to the owners yearly. The banking hours are from 8 a. m. to 3:30 p. m.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF GREEN'S FORK.
Green's Fork followed Fountain City and organized a bank Dec. 28, 1904. Its charter, No. 7124, is dated Feb. 4, 1904. The original directors were John Brooks, Ennias Kitterman, Alonzo Black, Frank M. Taylor, Milo Gentry, Matthew C. Brooks, Milton Hoover, Milton Bowmaster and Daniel Harris. The present direc- tors are John Davis, Daniel W. Harris, Leon D. Dougherty, Enos T. Veal, Daniel C. Moore, Philip Franzman, Milton Hoover, and B. R. Pierce. The original officers were: Daniel W. Harris, presi- dent ; Milo Gentry, vice-president; Frank M. Taylor, cashier; and Claude S. Kitterman, assistant cashier. Daniel C. Moore was elected cashier, May 19, 1904. Claude S. Kitterman left Jan. 14, 1905, and Oct. 2, 1905, Raymond E. Swallow came into the bank and was made assistant cashier, March 6, 1906. The offices of presi-
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dent and vice-president have not been changed. The capital stock is $25,000 and has never been changed. A surplus of $5,000 has been set aside from the earnings to fulfill the law, which requires a sur- plus of twenty per cent. of the capital. Total dividends of thirty- three per cent. have been paid since the bank started. The divi- dends are declared semi-annually, on the first of March and Septem- ber. The bank pays three per cent. on time deposits, and township funds are carried at two per cent.
The Fifth National Bank of Cincinnati and the Capital Na- tional Bank of Indianapolis are the legal reserve banks. The Union National Bank of Richmond is the correspondent bank. A bi- yearly statement of deposits is as follows: Sept. 6, 1904, $41,228.60: Sept. 9, 1906, $85,847.29; Sept. 23, 1908, $103,726.89; Jan. 31, 1910, $141,471.47. The men signing the certificate of organization were John Brooks, Ennias Kitterman, Alonzo Black, Frank M. Taylor, Milton Bowermaster, and Daniel W. Harris.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF WILLIAMSBURG.
Williamsburg, next after Green's Fork, organized a bank, Feb. 12, 1907. Its charter, No. 8625, is dated April 1, 1907. It opened for business May 1, 1907. The capital stock is $25,000 and has not been changed. The surplus and undivided profits are $3,062. The original officers were: William A. Lewis, president; Asher Pearce, vice-president; and Wilfred Griffith, cashier. Milo Cranor was elected vice-president, Jan. 12, 1910. No change has occurred since. The original directors are Milo Cranor, Leander Anderson, Frank M. Taylor, William E. Clements, John Davis, William A. Lewis, Charles E. Anderson, Wilfred Griffith, and Oliver P. Cain. The deposits on the first day of business were $4,183.01. Dividends of three per cent. semi-annually have been paid since November, 1908. Three per cent. on time deposits is paid and two per cent. on county and township funds. The bank is located in the Masonic Temple on Main street. There are thirty-nine stockholders connected with this bank, all from the town and vicinity.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF DUBLIN.
The next bank organized was at Dublin, April 30, 1907. Its charter, No. 8804, was issued June 20, 1907. It began business July 30, 1907. The original directors were Lewis W. Cranor, J. W. Sparks, C. E. McKee, C. W. Bouker, C. S. Larsh, George Lam- bertson, S. W. Pickering, J. H. Mason. George Murray, Frank M.
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Taylor, and Albert D. Gayle. The present directors are Lewis W. Cranor, J. W. Sparks, C. E. McKee, C. H. Graver, Willard Beeson, George Lambertson, S. W. Pickering, J. H. Mason, A. K. Zeigler, Frank M. Taylor, and Raymond G. Swallow. The original officers were: Lewis Cranor, president ; J. W. Sparks, vice-president ; and John C. New, cashier. There has been no change. The first surplus was $150, set aside June 30, 1908; on Dec. 31, 1908, this was raised to $500; June 30, 1909, to $605, and Dec. 31, 1909, to $800.
The deposits on the first day of business were $316.72. On Jan. 31, 1910, they were $83,984.48. The total resources are $135,582,46. Three per cent. semi-annual dividends are paid on the first of Janu- ary and July, and the total dividends paid to the above date were $2,250. Three per cent. is paid on time deposits. The bank is lo- cated on the northeast corner of Johnson and Main streets. The banking hours are from 8 a. m. to 4 p. m. There are forty-eight stockholders now connected with the bank.
THE NORTHERN WAYNE BANK.
The last bank organized in Wayne county is located at Econ- omy. This bank was organized March 15, 1910. Its charter, No. 291, was issued March 15, 1910. It began business May 16, 1910. This is a private bank, operated under the laws of the State of Indi- ana, and was organized with a capital stock of $10,000. The original stockholders were Daniel W. Harris, Leon D. Dougherty, Daniel C. Moore, R. G. Swallow, and R. E. Swallow. The present stock- holders are Daniel W. Harris, R. E. Swallow. Daniel C. Moore. Leon D. Dougherty, R. G. Swallow, Milton Hoover, Philip Franz- man, Enos T. Veal, J. G. W. Beard, J. S. Beard, John M. Man- ning, and John Davis. The officers are: J. S. Beard, president ; John M. Manning, vice-president; and R. E. Swallow, cashier. These have not been changed. The deposits at the end of the first week were $6,800. The directors of this bank are J. S. Beard, John M. Manning, Daniel W. Harris, Leon D. Dougherty, Daniel C. Moore, R. E. Swallow, and John Davis.
CHARLES S. BOND. M. D.
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CHAPTER XIX.
PHYSICIANS AND SCIENTISTS.
THE EARLY MEDICAL PROFESSION-PIIYSICIANS OF WAYNE COUNTY- CONTRIBUTORS TO SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE WITH BIOGRAPHICAL MENTION.
THE EARLY MEDICAL PROFESSION.
The practice of medicine in the early history of the county was different in many respects from the practice of to-day. The population was at first scattering and the doctors few. The roads were few and often almost impassable, and it was only possible for the physician to visit his patient, if at all, either on foot or horseback. Slight ailments were treated by domestic remedies and only in the more serious forms of disease was the aid of the doctor sought, and he was usually paid in trade. In 1825 Dr. Pennington received, in payment, beef at two and a half cents per pound; pork at two and a half cents per pound; corn at ten cents per bushel, potatoes at twelve and one-half cents per bushel, and wheat at thirty-seven and one-half cents per bushel. From 1819 to 1846 the different forms of malarial fever were very com- mon, and at times very fatal. Quinine, admitted to be the most successful remedy, was not discovered till 1820, and its cost pre- vented its use for a number of years. Dr. Pennington reported that he first used it about 1830, and it cost him $30 per ounce; now it retails for about fifty cents per ounce. Milk-sickness, or trembles, a very distressing and fatal form of sickness, prevailed in many localities in the western part of the county. It is said to have been very fatal about Jacksonburg, in 1823-24. Dr. Pen- nington stated that from 1830 to 1840 he treated many cases one mile south of Dublin, and saw cases on Nettle creek, near Hagers- town. The disease often proved fatal in a few days. It was sup- posed to be derived from milk, butter, cheese, and meat from
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cattle having the disease known as trembles. It is thought the disease disappeared from the country many years ago. Dysen- tery and typhoid fever have also caused many deaths in this part of the county.
The physician was expected to answer all calls, so long as he was able to sit on his horse, and the man who would charge his neighbors for nursing him was ostracised. Instead of one or two nurses the patient would have half a dozen, if there were that many able to attend. The physician was seldom called until the resources of the neighbors were exhausted, and every neighbor- hood had some one who could bleed, extract teeth, and dose out doctor's medicine, and some old aunt who treated the women and children with her domestic remedies from garden and forest. The physician was often compelled to make his rounds through a dense forest, with nothing but a bridle path, and to pass through swamps and ponds of water, while wolves furnished a serenade in his lonely ride. The lancet, calomel and jalap, anti- mony, ipicac and fly-blister were the sheet anchors. If a man fell insensible he was bled. If he became dizzy he was bled. If sick from any cause he was bled. Such was the agony and ter- ror of the surgeon's knife that operations were a last resort, and many preferred death to undergoing them. Anaesthetics were by some regarded as a decoy from Satan that would harden so- . ciety and rob God of prayer for help in time of suffering.
Not until 1846 was the first severe surgical operation per- formed, without suffering to the patient, by the inhalation of ether. Dr. Simpson left the room, on seeing the severe agony of a patient undergoing amputation of the breast, and resolved to abandon the practice. On second thought he determined to do what he could to relieve such suffering, and as a result deliver- ance came in the first use of chloroform by him, in 1847. In 1884 Karl Roller made the brilliant discovery of the use of cocaine in operations upon the eye. Sixty years ago the physician who owned a dozen medical books had reason to congratulate himself on the fullness of his library. At that time little was known con- cerning the diseases of children, and their care in sickness and health devolved upon the mother, assisted by her acquaintances. But three books had been published on diseases of children pre- vious to 1848. At the present time a dozen or more are pub- lished in the United States every year, 100 or more medical jour- nals contain articles without number on the subject, and, in 1884. a journal devoted entirely to the diseases of children was founded.
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So great has the mortality in infancy been reduced that a certain lay writer has said: "The efforts in the direction of the care of the young has resulted in the survival of the unfit." Though these old masters used the lancet, calomel and jalap, without stint, and often did much more harm than good, enough children survived to furnish us with stern grandfathers and indulgent grandmothers of one-half dozen to a dozen children in each family.
When we consider all the disadvantages under which the early physicians practiced we are surprised at the success with which they met. They were without the use of the thermometer and the stethescope; without the knowledge of the applications of electricity and the use of the X-Rays. They knew nothing of the applications of modern chemistry and microscopy. They were compelled to use the crude drug in large and nauseating doses, instead of the active principles, pleasant elixirs, and compressed tablets of the present day. The cause and spread of many of our most fatal diseases, fifty and even twenty-five years ago, was shrouded in mystery. The germ theory of disease, as well as the curative and preventive treatment by the use of animal serums and antitoxins, has at last dispelled the gloom with which the people were afflicted in the presence of former scourges. When we consider all these difficulties under which the pioneer physi- cian labored in the practice of his profession, well should we cherish their memories and deeds and stand with reverence and uncovered heads by the side of their final resting places.
PHYSICIANS OF WAYNE COUNTY.
The following is a list of the members of the Wayne County Medical Association, with their places of residence. A number of them and also others who are not members of the association, are given extended mention in the accompanying biographical volume :
George D. Bailey, Richmond ;- Charles S. Bond, Richmond ; S. Edgar Bond, Richmond ; Henry C. Burcham, Richmond; Horace B. Boyd, Cambridge City ; Allan L. Bramkamp, Richmond; Fred P. Buche, Richmond; John C. Blossom, West Richmond; Larue D. Carter, Eastern Indiana Hospital for the Insane; Jonathan B. Clark, Economy ; Clarence P. Colburn, Richmond; E. R. Church- ell, Richmond; T. Henry Davis, Richmond; Oliver M. Deardorff, Hagerstown; Amos E. Ehle, East Germantown; Ulysses B. G. Ewing. Richmond ; Volney N. Fackler, Dublin ; William T. Fisher,
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Centerville ; John M. Fouts, Centerville; Harrison Gable, Center- ville; L. M. Gentle, Richmond; Verl Griffis, Williamsburg; Wil- liam T. Griffis, Fountain City ; E. E. Holland, Richmond ; William M. Helm, Williamsburg; Robert R. Hopkins, Richmond; G. B. Hunt, Whitewater; Oliver N. Huff, Fountain City ; William G. Huffman, Richmond; Melville F. Johnston, Richmond; Fred W. Kienzle, Green's Fork; James E. King, Richmond; F. Will Kru- ger, Richmond; Willis R. Littell, Cambridge City; Aubrey L. Loop, Economy; Charles E. McKee, Dublin; Stephen C. Mark- ley, Richmond; Charles Marvel, Richmond; Joseph D. Meek, Bos- ton; Roy D. Morrow, Richmond; Sarah J. Morrow, Richmond ; Rollo J. Peirce, Richmond; Louis F. Ross, Richmond; Charles A. Roark, Milton; Richard Schillinger, Richmond; Samuel E. Smith, Eastern Indiana Hospital for the Insane; David W. Stevenson, Richmond ; Charles I. Stotelmyer, Hagerstown; Joseph N. Study, Cambridge City; Isaac F. Sweney, Milton; Joseph M. Thurston, Richmond ; John M. Wampler, Richmond; James E. Weller, Rich- mond; Mary Wickens, Eastern Indiana Hospital for the Insane; Jacob E. Wright, Cambridge City ; Martin W. Yencer, Richmond.
CONTRIBUTORS TO SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE.
Oliver P. Baer, M. D., was born in Frederick, Md., Aug. 25, 1816. He was sent to the Catholic schools for his early education. In 1827 his father moved to Dayton, Ohio, but finally settled in L'nion. Oliver stayed in Dayton, where he went to school and attended Oxford College two years. In the summer of 1839 he made a geological tour through the Northwest and arrived in Louisville, Ky., in time for the opening of the Medical College, which he entered and placed himself under the immediate care of Profs. Daniel Drake and S. D. Gross. Here he remained un- til the spring of 1841. Having completed his studies, he returned home and was married March 25, 1841, to Miss Calista Mathew- son, of Providence, R. I., who died six years later. His second marriage occurred July 11, 1848, to Miss Emma J. Crocker, of Richmond, Ind., formerly of Dartmouth, Mass. He came to Richmond, Sept. 3, 1849, in which place he remained until his death. Before coming to Richmond, Dr. Baer had practiced eight years. When he arrived in Richmond a severe epidemic of cholera was subsiding and the cases were growing milder. He was called to treat a number of cases and, because of their recovery, atten- tion was drawn to him and his mode of practice. During his early
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practice in Richmond he was made the subject of much ridicule and persecution. Both the Philadelphia Hahnneman College and the Saint Louis Homeopathic College conferred the degree of Doc- tor of Medicine upon him. He wrote for the most of the Homeo- pathic journals and many of his articles were translated into the French and German medical journals. In 1867, Dr. Baer, with ten others, organized the Indiana Institute of Homeopathy in Indianapolis. He was elected president and held that office six years. He never failed to present a paper at each meeting. Be- sides his medical writings he wrote a number of articles on "Why we do not have severe storms in this locality." He claimed to have written the first article on atom mechanics in this country, assuming the polarity of atoms.
Charles S. Bond was born in Wayne county, June 8. 1856. He was educated in the public schools of Webster, Williamsburg, and Richmond, Ind., until sixteen years of age. He then entered Earlham College and remained there until the beginning of his Senior year. From there he went to Antioch College for two years. He taught six years and then studied in the Ohio Medi- cal College at Cincinnati. He received the degree-Doctor of Medicine-from Bellevue Hospital Medical College, in 1883, and was one of four men chosen from the class for the valedictorian address. He received the degree of Doctor of Science and Mas- ter of Science from Earlham College in 1887. He married Julia M. Boyd, Sept. 18, 1883. He is a member of the Indiana Academy of Sciences, the Wayne County Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the Mississippi Valley Medical Society, the Association of American Physicians, and the Union District Medi- cal Society ; and he was a member of the Congress of Tuber- culosis, in London, in 1901, and again in Washington, in 1908. He was the coroner of Wayne county in 1884-8 and was the health officer of Richmond from 1906 to 1910. He teaches photo- micrography and pathology at the Indiana Medical College and lectures at the Miami School of Medicine, at Cincinnati. He has written many articles for the various medical papers and has ad- dressed the medical societies to which he belongs many times. Some of his addresses are: "Urea," "Consumption in Indiana," "Chemistry of Drugs," "Purpose of Drugs," "Malaria" (illustrated), and the President's address, "Our duty towards scientific medi- cine."
Samuel S. Boyd, M. D., was born near Jacksonburg, Wayne county, Indiana, March 31, 1820. He remained on the farm until
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he attained his majority, after which he taught three terms in a district school. He then, in partnership with his brother-in- law, Joel Hipes, built a grist and saw mill, which he left in 1846 on account of his failing health. During this time he was mar- ried to Monimia Bunnel, in 1844. In 1846 he began to study medi- cine with his father-in-law, William W. Bunnel, in Washington, Ind. (now Green's Fork). He took two courses of lectures at the Ohio Medical College, at Cincinnati, and graduated in the spring of 1849. He then followed his profession in Jacksonburg until 1861, when his wife died and he moved to Centerville, remain- ing there seven months. He entered the army as surgeon of the Eighty-fourth Indiana infantry, serving until the end of the war. During the last year he was on duty in No. I Hospital at Chat- tanooga, a part of the time having charge of the hospital. After the war he located in Dublin, where he lived until his death. He was married to Louise E. Vickory, of Pennsylvania, Sept. 5, 1865. He was an active member of the county and State Medical societies, was the president of the former several times, and was also president of the latter in 1876, and gave the president's ad- dress on "Empericism." He was also a member of the American Medical Association, and the Union District Medical Society. He was a frequent contributor to various newspapers and medical jour- nals and gave many addresses to the various medical societies to which he belonged. Among these are the following, read at the State meetings: "Medical 'Legislation," "Veratrum Viride," "To- bacco," etc.
T. Henry Davis, M. D., was born on the Island of Nantucket, Mass., Sept. 29, 1836. He is indebted to the public school sys- tem for the educational privileges afforded him and to his ef- forts for the good derived therefrom. Having completed his school life at the early age of seventeen, he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. William P. Cross, of Nantucket. For three years this was continued, during which time he attended two courses of lectures at the Cleveland Medical College, subsequently graduating at the Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri, at St. Louis. During the year of 1857 a few months were spent in the South, but on finding no satisfactory location he came north- ward, finally settling in Richmond. The following year he married Louisa G. McDonald. He has served on the city council and has been president of the Board of Health. He has written a number of articles for the medical journals and other papers. His
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favorite topics are Hygiene and Prevention of Diseases. His latest articles are: "The Air we Breathe," and "School Hygiene."
David Worth Dennis is a native of Dalton township, Wayne county, and is a son of Nathan and Evelina Dennis. Until he was sixteen years of age, Professor Dennis remained on his father's farm in Dalton township, attending the common schools and those conducted under the auspices of the Friends' church, to which his people belonged. When only seventeen he began teaching school, which profession he followed three years; then he continued his education further by studying at Earlham College. He was gradu- ated in that institution at twenty-four years of age with the de- gree of Bachelor of Arts, and since that time has taught almost continuously in the Richmond High School and Earlham College, with the exception of one year, 1889-90, which he spent with his family in Europe. He remained there fourteen months, dur- ing which time he visited Germany, France, Switzerland, Italy, England, and Scotland. Six months of that time he was a stu- dent in the universities of Bonn and Edinburg, pursuing a course in Embryology in the latter and in Biology in the former. The degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by Earlham College, in 1878, and that of Doctor of Philosophy, by Syracuse University, in 1886. After his graduation he spent two years in Earlham College, then four years as a teacher in the Richmond High School, and two years as president of Wilmington College. He then spent a year in rest and study, after which he began teach- ing in the Bloomingdale Academy, remaining there two years. He left Bloomingdale to return to Earlham College, at which place his labors have been continuous, except the year spent abroad and three months spent in Philadelphia, where he was un- der medical treatment. In addition to the work of the class-room, Professor Dennis lectures frequently. He is a member of the Tuesday Club, the Tourists' Club, and the University Extension Center. He has been married twice, his first wife having been Martha Curl, whom he married in 1876. He was married again, in 1900, to Emma Zeller. His writings are: "Key to Fossils of Richmond, Indiana," "One Hundred Lessons about Plants," "In- diana Birds," "Experimental Chemistry," and "The Bible and Na- ture."
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