USA > Indiana > Pioneer history of Indiana : including stories, incidents, and customs of the early settlers > Part 24
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA. 303
Ezra Fox Benjamin Holland John Hutchenson Abraham Johnson George Kilborn
William Moore James Pinkitt Ansom Twitchell John Williams Johnathan Wallingford
Levi Gleason Roswell Heminway Michael Houck David Kinchbacker Daniel Lee, killed November 7, 1811. William Nervill
Michael Pendegrass
Elisha Pearson
James Parker
Amos Royce, killed November 7, 1811. Jesse Elam
John Pinckley
Nathan Snow, mortally wound- Robert Riley ed Nov. 7, 1811. Everett Shelton
Samuel Smith
Robert Thompson
Daniel Spencer William Sanderson John St. Clair
ROLL OF CAPTAIN RETURN B. BROWN'S COMPANY OF INFANTRY FOURTH U. S. REGIMENT. From October 31, to December 31, 1811.
Return B. Brown, Captain.
John Smith, Second Lieutenant.
Oliver C. Barton, First Lieutenant.
Ebenezer Moweer, Sergeant.
David Robinson, Sergeant. Levi Jenison, Sergeant. Daniel Reed, Sergeant.
Ephriam Sillaway, Corporal.
Joel Kimble, Corporal. Samuel S. Bingham, Drummer. Henry Hayden, Fifer.
PRIVATES Lewis Bemmis Elias Barrett
PRIVATES Bazalul Bradford Auston Bradford
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304 PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Benjamin Bartlett
Henry Beck
Eli Boyd Zalmon Blood
Caleb Calton
William W. McConnel
Comadovas D. Cass
Rowland Edwards
Joseph Flood
Joseph Follet
Ebenezer P. Field
Harvey Geer
Peter Greeney
Walter T. Hitt
Samuel Hillyard
Mood B. Lovell
Bliss Lovell
William Morgeteroid
John Morgan
David H. Miller
Obediah Morton
Moses Pearce
Jacob Prouty
James Roberts
Mahew Rollings
Jered Smith
David Tuthill
Peter R. Stites
David Wells
Josiah Willard
John Yeomans, killed Nov. 7, 1811.
ROLL OF CAPTAIN ROBERT C. BARTON'S COMPANY OF THE FOURTH U. S. REGIMENT.
For December and November, 1811.
Robert C. Barton, Captain.
Abraham Hawkins, Second Lieutenant.
Orange Pooler, Sergeant.
Marshall S. Durkee, Sergeant.
William Turner, Corporal, wounded Nov. 7, 1811.
Horace Humphrey, Corporal.
Daniel Kellog, Drummer.
PRIVATES
John Adrickson
PRIVATES Jesse C. Clark
Phillip Coats
Robert Douglas, wounded Nov. 7, 1811.
William Foster, wounded Nov. Ichabald Farmer 7. 1811. John D. Jones
David Kervus, killed Nov. 7, 1811.
305
PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Isaac Little
Timothy McCoon Joseph Polland
John McArthur
Silas Perry William Stevenson
Samuel Souther, wounded Nov. Rowland Sparrowk 7, 1811.
Lewis Taylor, killed Nov. 7, Leman E. Welch, killed Nov. 1811. 7, 1811.
George Wilson
Henry Bates
Thomas Clark
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ROLL OF COMPANY OF INFANTRY OF THE FOURTH U. S. REGI - MENT.
October 31, to December 31, 1811.
Charles Fuller, First Lieutenant, Commanding.
Nathan F. Adams, First Lieutenant and Paymaster. John L. Eastman, First Lieutenant. George P. Peters, Second Lieutenant.
Isaac Ricker, Sergeant. David H. Lewis, Sergeant. James Pike, Sergeant.
Jedediah Wentworth, Corporal. Henry Moore, Corporal. Solomon Johnson, Corporal.
Henry Tucker, Corporal. Nathan Brown, Musician. Joel Durell, Musician.
PRIVATES John Adams William Brown John Burns
Samuel Cook Ivory Courson Elisha Dyer Johnathan Elkins John S. Gordon
PRIVATES William Andrews William Bowles Joseph Burditt, killed Nov. 7, 1811. Caleb Pritchett Samuel Coffin Jeremiah Emmerson Noah Turnwald William Gregs
306
PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Joseph Farrow
Robert Gordon
Solomon Herthford
Johnathan W. Ham
William Ham Steven Hawkins John Hurd
Steven Harris
Nathan Harris
Joseph Hunt
James Heath
David Heath
Amos Jones
Samuel King
Willliam King, killed Nov. 7, Jacob Keyser 1811.
Asa Knight
Joseph Layman
William Layman
Joseph Mears
James McDuffy
Robert Macintosh
ยท Jerry Malthup
Isaac Nuts, killed Nov. 7, '11.
Henry Nutter
Richard Perry
William Perkins
Jacob Pearsey John Rowell
Curtis Pipps John Rice
Steven Ricker -
John M. Rowlins
Stanton Smiley
Isaac Tutle
John S. Watson
Ichabold Wentworth
Robert Whitehouse
Enoch Werthon
John Welch
Silas Wood
Charles Wait
Timothy Waldron
Zadock Williams
Phillip Allen
ROLL OF A COMPANY OF INFANTRY UNDER THE COMMAND OF LIEUT. O. G. BURTON OF THE FOURTH U. S. REGIMENT.
From October 31, to December 3, 1811.
O. G. Burton, First Lieutenant.
George Gooding, Second Lieutenant. Montgomery Orr, Sergeant. Knewland Carrier, Sergeant.
Major Mantor, Sergeant. James Mitchell, Corporal, (killed in action Nov. 7, 1811.) David L. Thompson, Corporal. Lucius Sallis, Corporal.
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
William Durnon, Corporal. Ellas Printice, Musician.
PRIVATES Leonard Arp
Amost Blanchard
Levi Carrey, kille 1 Nov. 7, 1811. Zenas Clark
Issacher Green William King Joseph Russell
John Spergen
Samuel B. Spalding
Samuel Tibbets
Alexander Bowen
PRIVATES Noyes Billings Caleb Boston
Johnathan Crewell, killed Nov. 7, 1811. Daniel Gilman, killed Nov. 7, 1811. Thomas Harvey
William Pomeroy James Stevenson, mortally wounded Nov. 7, 1811. William Sergeant Morton Thayer John Vickery
ROLL OF A COMPANY OF RIFLEMEN OF THE RIFLE REGIMENT U. S. ARMY.
From October 31, to December 31, 1811.
A. Hawkins, Lieutenant, Commanding. Peter Wright, Sergeant.
Reuben Newton, Sergent
Aaron W. Fashbush. Sergeant.
James Phillips. Sergeant. Henry Baker, Corporal. Aaron Melen, Corporal.
William Hunter. Corporal.
Henry Nurchstead, Ensign. Adam Walker, Musician.
PRIVATES Ebenezer T. Andrews John Everin
Steven Brown
PRIVATES Otis Andrews William Brigham, died from wounds. William Brown
308
PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
Samuel Biggs
Robert Cutter
Joseph Datton
Reuben Durant
Francis Ellis
Thomas Hair
James Haskel, killed Nov. 7, Ephraim Hall 1811.
Samuel Johnson
Silas Kendle
Patrick Norton
Israel Newhall
Fredrick Roads
Marcus D. Ransdill
Thaddeus B. Russell
William Read
Francis Rittiere
Edward R. Seeck
Samuel Hing
Neham Wetherill
Ira D. Trowbridge, killed Nov. 7, 1811. Ezra Wheelock
The roll of General Harrison's army in the Tippecanoe campaign was copiyed from the muster rolls in Washington D. C. in 1866, at that time some of the names were hard to make out.
CHAPTER XI.
INDIANA'S TRIBUTE TO KENTUCKY.
Blood is thicker than water and in the veins of Indiana's children flows the blood of the brave Kentucky emigrants. Forgetful and thankless indeed would we be did we not keep the sacred fires of memory burning upon the alter of our ap- preciation-appreciation of those finer ties of kindship which have woven the experiences of these two magnificent states into a common history. Amid the busy, absorbing scenes of the present and the dawning visions of a still greater future, we need some fair muse of history to take us by the hand and lead us back for a season under the dark, dense, primeval for- ests, and sitting down with us on the fallen trunk of a great oak, point out and name the heroic figures which pass by with stealthy tread, and there tell us again of the birth and childhood of our States. "Great God of Hosts, be with us yet, lest we forget-lest we forget."
Kentucky, when thy brave children crossed the Ohio and pierced our tangled wilderness, here on the hills and in the valleys of Indiana many of thy sons poured out their life blood and many were burned at the stake. Thy fair daughters, too, were led as prisoners by the savage Indians and sold to the unprincipled British Officers of Canada-doomed to slav- ery and a life worse than death. A race less noble would have shrunk back at the awful sacrifice. Not so with thee, for thy offering was unceasing until from thy bosom thou didst send us such men as Boone, Clark, Hopkins, Scott, and Shelbey to lead the hosts of Kentucky's heroes in defense of Indiana's soil. Thy pure and noble Owen and thy gifted patriot, Davis, bled for our protection at Tippecanoe, when
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
they, with a hundred others, led by Gen. Wells, dared to brave the terrible ordeals of that bloody battle. No one can lay the charge to thee that thou hast been miserly even with the choicest blood of thy chivalry.
We cannot forget that thou gavest the world its match- less Clay and unto us our Lincoln-gifts for which unending tribute shall be laid at thy feet.
Again in those days when the sons of Indiana were pre- paring to cross thy soil to save the Union, true it is, that for a moment thou didst halt and turn thy face to the Southland with a look of anxious solicitude but in the next moment thou didst face to the North, look upon the starry emblem of the Nation's greatness and invite the boys in blue to cross thy . borders. Yea, when the smoke of battle had lifted and we walked among the pale faces upturned to the stars, Lo! among the dead in blue were thousands of thine own brave sons and none had fallen nearer the ramparts of the foe.
Yes, Kentucky, as green as the blue grass that tints thy everlasting hills, shall Indiana's tribute offering to thee be kept, and in her debt of gratitude shall she give thee first place for thy priceless gifts as yet unsung but not forgotten.
CHAPTER XII.
FURTHER HISTORY OF TECUMSEH AND THE PROPHET.
In the chapter entitled the battle of Tippecanoe an early history of the noted Indians, Tecumseh and the Prophet is given. That history is carried down to August the 5th, 1811, when Tecumseh started south to lay his plans of con- federation before the southern Indians and induce them to join the northern Indian Confederation. Tecumseh's whole aim and ambition after the defeat of the Indians by General Wayne at the battle of the Maumee, was to bring all the In- dians in America, west of the Alleghany Mountains into one great confederation. He contended that the Great Spirit had given the Indian race the hunting grounds to hold in common for the use of all and that no tribe or nation of Indians could make any cession or treaty of any of the lands without all the tribes in council would sanction the agreement.
But little is known of Tecumseh's visit south more than what has come through tradition. At Taledega in 1811 in the last visit Tecumseh made to the southern Indians, when he was making a speech before the vast numbers, Weather- ford, the great Chief of the Creek Nation asked him why he did not bring all his young men from the north, east and west and concentrate them at points on the Ohio river and drive the Long Knives back, Tecumseh answered-"All the Indians must work in the same yoke. They must show the white man that they are in earnest, not for booty, not for scalps-No! No !- but for the country they were born in and
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
the country the bones of their fathers lay in. There has al- ready been too much partisan warfare. It must be made general and alone for the purpose stated. Then all just men will be our friends."
Tecumseh was probably the most noted Indian that was known to the white race. His great power by his unequalled oratory, combined with an intelligent and a farseeing mind was the reason for the influence by which he held such con- trol of the different nations which surrounded him. Tradi- tion holds that the Shawnee Nation of which he was a dis- tinguished member had lived far to the south, that the game becoming scarce in the land where they lived, the Nation came up the Mississippi and Ohio rivers and settled in and around that section of southern Illinois where Shawneetown is located. From there they moved to the Wabash and to the waters of the White river. This tribe of Indians was al- ways the most determined enemy the whtie man had and carried on a relentless warfare with them and were regarded as the bravest of all the Indians in battle. The Shawnee language was the most musical in its articulation of any spoken by the aboriginal race and the speeches made by Tecumseh, had an effect on its hearers that was wonderful. His oratory was so eloquent in sound and his gestures so forceful that any one hearing him, if he did not understand a word he said. would be spell bound. At one of the last visits that Tecumseh made to Vincennes to hold a conference with Governor Harrison he was invited by Harrison to take a seat with him in a chair which stood on a low platform where the Governor, the In- terpreter and Secretary sat. Tecumseh hesitated but Harri- son insisted saying that it was the wish of their Great Fath- er, the President that he should do so. The Chief paused, raised his strong, commanding form to its greatest height and looking straight at the Governor, and pointing toward the skies with vehement gesture, said in a loud, musical voice -"The sun is my father-the earth is my mother and on her bosom I will recline." Then he and his warriors seated themselves on the earth. The speech and actions were elec-
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trical and every one present felt the greatness of this wonder- ful barbarian.
DeLome, who was a prisoner for many years and by the- success of battle or by purchase was connected with many noted Indians, in his unpublished MSS gives an account of a visit by Tecumseh and Francis (The Prophet) to the Osage. Indians in the west some time in the fall of 1809 or '10 for the purpose of urging them to join the great Indian confed- eration that they were working on. There was a very large gathering to hear the Shawnee Chief. The Council was con- vened and listened to his eloquent, fiery oratory for more than two hours and became intensely wrought up by it. In fact so great was the effect produced by the portrayal of the Indians' wrongs and the way, by cheating, designing and unfair means, the white man had gained possession of so much of the Indian country, that the head chief, for fear the Council would unanimously endorse Tecumseh and join his confed- eration, as soon as he had finished speaking, adjourned the Council and advised those present to go to their homes and think over what their strange brother had so eloquently por- trayed to them. In the same connection DeLome says-"The occasion and subject were peculiarly adapted to call into ac- tion all the powers of genuine patriotism also the language, gestures, and feeling, contending for utterance, that were exhibited by this untutored native of the forest, in the cen- tral wilds of America. No audience either in ancient or mod- ern times, ever before witnessed such an accasion." The Prophet the next day made a long speech and used nearly the same words Tecumseh had, but did not make the least impression on his audience. Some days after these events the Indians in Council decided to stand by their treaties with the Great Father and declined Tecumseh's invitation.
Before Tecumseh had left on his southern trip, he had a definite understanding with his brother, the Prophet, and the chiefs of the other tribes on the Wabash that nothing was to be done during his absence to bring on a collision with the white people. The great number of Indians assem- bled at the Prophet's town became impatient to test the
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
assured promises of the Prophet. They committed many petty offenses against the border settlements, stealing their horses and killing their cattle and in some cases killing and scalping the unsuspecting people. This became so offensive that Harrison determined to put a stop to it and the battle of Tippecanoe was the result.
Tecumseh on his return from the south, learning what had happened was overcome with chagrin, disappointment and anger, accusing his brother of duplicity and cowardice. He spent some time in negotiating through runners with Governor Harrison to arrange for a visit for himself and a number of chiefs, to President Madison. Failing in this and other plans which he could not perfect, he went to Malden and joined the British army.
At the beginning of the war of 1812, Tecumseh was ready for the coming conflict. Soon after he went to Malden there was an assemblage of Indians at Brownstown who were in favor of standing aloof and letting the British and Amer- icans fight it out. They sent a runner to Malden and invit- ed Tecumseh to attend the gathering. He indignantly re- fused to have anything to do with the meeting, saying that he had taken sides with the king. his father, and would suf- fer his bones to bleach on that shore before he would recross the stream to take part in any council of neutrality. He was in the battle of Brownstown and commanded the Indians in an action near Maguaga where he was wounded. For brav- ery in that engagement he was made a Brigadier General in the British army and in the protracted siege of Ft. Meigs he acted with great bravery. After the telling defeat of Gen- eral Procter at Fort Stephenson the British troops returned by water to Malden, while Tecumseh, with the Indians passed overland around the head of Lake Erie and rejoined the British at Malden. Tecumseh became discouraged for the want of success, having lost all confidence in General Procter's ability and seriously meditated the withdrawal of his Indians from the service. Commodore Perry's victory was witnessed by the Indians from a distant shore. On the day after the engagement Proctor said to Tecumseh-"My
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
fleet has whipped the Americans but the vessels being much injured, have gone to Put-in-Bay to refit and will be here in a few days." This deception was not of long duration. Tecumseh soon saw indications of a retreat from Malden and promptly inquired into the matter. General Procter informed him that he was going to send his valuable stores up the Thames where they would be met with reinforcements and be safe. Tecumseh was not to be fooled by such a shallow device and remonstrated most earnestly against retreating. He finally demanded that the Indians in his command be heard by Procter and delivered to him as the representative of his Great Father, the king the following speech: "Father, listen to your children. You have them now before you. The war before this you gave the hatchet to your Red Children. Then our Great Chiefs were alive-now they are dead. In that war our Father was thrown on his back by the Americans and made a treaty with them of mutual friendship without consulting his Red Children and we are afraid that our Father will do so at this time. Summer before last, when I came forward with my red brethren and was ready to take up the hatchet in favor of the British Father, we were told not to be in a hurry -that he had not yet decided to fight the Americans. Listen! When war was declared our Father stood up and gave us the tomahawk and told us that he was then ready to fight and strike the Americans-that he wanted our assistance and that we would certainly get our land back that the Amer- icans had taken from us. Listen! You told us at that time to bring forward our families and we did so and you prom- ised to take care of them, that they should want for nothing while the men went to fight the enemy-that we need not trouble ourselves about the enemy's garrisons, that we knew nothing about them and that our Father would attend to that part of the business. Listen! You also told your Red Children that you would take good care of your garrison here which made our hearts glad. Listen! When we were last at the Rapids it is true that we gave you but little assistance. It is hard to fight people who live like groundhogs. Father, Listen! Our fleet has gone out. We know they fought-we
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PIONEER HISTORY OF INDIANA.
have heard the great guns but know nothing of what has: happened to our Father with the one arm (Commodore Bar- clay). Our ships have gone one way and we are much aston- ished to see our Father tying up everything and preparing to run away the other way, without letting his Red Children know what his intentions are. You always told us to remain here and take care of our land. It made our hearts glad to hear that was your wish. Our Great Father, the King, is. the head and you represent him. You always told us that you. would never . draw your foot off British ground but now Father, we see you are drawing back and we are sorry to see our Father do so without seeing the enemy. We must com- pare our Father's conduct to a fat dog that carries its tail on its back but when frightened drops it between its legs and runs away. Father, listen! The Americans have not de- feated us yet by land neither are we sure that they have done so by water. We wish to remain here and fight our enemy should they make their appearance. If they defeat us we will retreat with our father. Listen! At the battle of the Rapids in the last war, the Americans certainly defeated us. and when we retreated to our Great Father's fort, at that place, the gate was shut against us and we are afraid it would now be the same, but instead of that we now see our British Father preparing to march out of his garrison. Father, you have the arms and the amunition which our Great Father sent for his Red Children. If you have an idea of going away, give them to us. You may go and wel- come. Our lives are in the hands of the Great Spirit. We are determined to defend our land and if it be His will, we: wish to leave our bones upon it."
When Tecumseh went into the battle of the Thames he. had a strong presentiment that he would not survive that. engagement. He had but little hope of victory but resolved. to win or die. With this determination he took his stand. among his men, raised the war-cry and boldly met the enemy. From the commencement of the attack on the Indian line his. voice was distinctly heard by his followers animating them. to deeds of valor. From the start he was in the thickest of
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the fight, doing everything he could to encourage his men to stem the tide of the encroaching Americans. When his voice was no longer heard the battle ended as the British had sur- rendered some time before. But a little way from the body of the great Tecumseh was found that of his friend and brother-in-law, Wasegoboah. These two heroic Indians on many battle fields had fought side by side. Now, in front of their men they closed their eventful lives at the battle of the Thames, October the 5th, 1813.
The Prophet, Elkswatawa, after the defeat of his mis- guided adherents at the battle of Tippecanoe, settled with a band of Wyandotte Indians some distance south of the Wa- bash river. Remaining there for a while he then took up his residence with a small band of Hurons farther north where he remained until 1812. He then went to Malden and was in the British service in many capacities. Probably the most that he did was to organize raiding parties to murder the in- habitants on our frontiers. For this ignominious service, the British Government felt so grateful that they gave him a pension from 1813 as long as he lived. After the war he lived in Canada for several years, then went back to the neighborhood of his old haunts. Here he remained for a short period and moved to the west of the Mississippi, where he spent his old age with a band of the once powerful Shaw- nee Indians, until 1834, when he died.
1
CHAPTER XIII.
PIONEER INDUSTRIES.
CRUDE FARMING IMPLEMENTS AND COOKING UTENSELS-MIL- LING-FLAX INDUSTRY-LOOM-WHIPSAW-SHOE MAK- ING-ROPE WALK-BEE HUNTING-WITCHCRAFT.
In the pioneer days there was no wagon or blacksmith shop in the country and the early settlers had to depend on their own resources for such farming tools as they needed. They made a very serviceable plow with a wooden moldboard. The plowshare, point and bar were of iron all in one piece. Three short bolts, two for the moldboard and one to fasten the handle to the heel of the bar, and one long bolt from the bottom of the share up through the plow sheath to the top. of the beam, was all the iron about the plow, and that cost more than the best two horse plow would cost now.
The wooden moldboard was made of the best hard wood obtainable. White Oak was often used. Post oak was the hardest of any and when dried was the smoothest. After fashioning the moldboard it was dressed down to the proper size and shape and then placed in the chimney above the fire to season. The stock was made of the best hard wood and much after the fashion of today only not so smooth nor in any way finished as well, but it was strong and serviceable.
They had a very serviceable harrow made entirely of wood. They secured a slippery elm or iron-wood if they could find any large enough and cut four pieces the proper
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length for an A harrow, first sloping the two side pieces at one end and fitting them to the center or tongue piece, a hole having been bored through each of the three pieces, and securely pinning them together. A cross piece was then placed about the middle of the harrow and pinned to the cen- ter and the two side pieces. Two inch auger holes were then bored along the two side pieces about ten inches apart and filled with dried hickory pins that extended about eight inches below the side timbers, thus making a harrow that did good work and required a heavy pull to break in any way.
For single and double trees they made them much after the fashion of today, except that the clips, clevices and lap rings were made of hickory withes, which if properly made would last for a season. The horse collars were made mostly of corn shucks platted in large rope-like sections and sewed together hard and fast with leather thongs, to make the bulge or large part of the collar, short pieces of platted shucks were made and fastened as high up as needed. A roll made by sewing two platted parts together was securely fastened on the edge of the collar forming a groove for the hames to fit in. They also made collars of raw hide, cutting it in the proper shape and sewing the edges together, stuff- ing the inside with deer hair to make it hold its shape. Hoop ash timber was pounded up fine and when mixed with deer hair made a better material for the purpose than the manu- factured excelsior of today.
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