USA > Indiana > Johnson County > The people's guide, a business, political and religious directory of Johnson Co., Ind. together with a collection of very important documents and statistics connected with our moral, political and scientific history; also, a historical sketch of Johnson County > Part 10
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The sun is the center of the solar system, around which all other planets belonging to our universe revolve. The names of all the primary planets that have been discovered that con- stitute the solar system, are the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Herschel, Uranus, Neptune, and twenty-three asteroids, or small planets. The approximate distance each of the large planets travel in making one revo- lution around the sun is about as follows :
Mercury, number of miles.
220,000,000
Venus,
408,000,000
Earth,
570,000,000
Mars, = =
852,000,000
Jupiter,
=
2,910,000,000
Saturn,
5,340,000,000
Herschel,
=
10,800,000,000
La Verrier
17,100,000,000
COMETS.
Very little is known of the physical nature of comets. They are thought by some astronomers to be about as dense as smoke. They are bodies that revolve around the sun in very elongated orbits, and some astronomers think that the greater number visit our system but once, and then fly off in nearly straight lines, and go to revolve around other suns in the far-off distant heavens. The length of the tail of a comet, as measured by astronomers, seem almost incredible.
Comet of 1680, length of the tail 123,000,000 miles.
Do. 1744,
35,000,000
Do. 1769,
48,000,000 =
Do. 1811,
130,000 000
Do. 1843, =
130,000,000
The sun is 1,384,472 times as large as the earth; Jupiter is 1,280 times larger than the earth, and Saturn 1,000 times.
111
SKETCHES OF ASTRONOMY.
DIRECTIONS FOR FINDING THE NORTH STAR, AT ANY TIME.
Every pupil should be instructed in the manner of pointing out the North Star at any time of the night. If they are ena- bled to do this at any time, it will assist them in making other important observations, as well as being of use on many occa- sions which occur in the life of every man. Many persons have been lost in a prairie or other unfrequented places, when if they had been able to have told the points of the compass they could have extricated themselves from their lost situa- tion. This may be done in a very easy manner. There is hardly a child of ten years of age who cannot at any time of night point out the stars in the Great Bear which form what is called the Great Dipper. Now if an imaginary line be drawn through the two stars which form the front edge of the Dipper, from the bottom towards the top, and continued about 20 de- grees, it will pass very near the North Star-so near that it cannot be mistaken, there being no other stars of that magni- tude near it. It should be borne in mind that this rule holds good in whatever position the Dipper may be at the time .- Smith's Illustrated Astronomy.
ECLIPSES.
Eclipses are among the most interesting phenomena pre- sented to us by the heavenly bodies. In all ages, when an eclipse has taken place, it has excited the profound attention of the learned, and the fears and superstitions of the ignorant. The causes of eclipses before the seventeenth century were known only to a few, and they generally took advantage of this knowledge to impose upon the credulity of the ignorant by pretending that they were inspired by the Gods. Among the ancient nations, the Chaldeans were the foremost in their observations of the phenomena of the heavens ; perhaps this was owing in some measure to their occupation; they being shepherds were obliged to watch their flocks by night to pro- tect them from the wild beasts which were at that time num- erous. Men under such circumstances would naturally be led to watch closely the movements of the heavenly bodies, and more especially so, for in the earlier periods of the world they had no correct mode of reckoning time in order to deter- mine the seasons or the proper seed time and harvest.
Eclipses attracted the particular attention of the Chaldeans,
112
SKETCHES OF ASTRONOMY.
and by a series of observations extended through several cen- turies, they discovered a very important fact relating to eclipses, although they did not understand the cause.
By comparing the records which had been made for a great length of time, they found that a certain period of time elapsed between eclipses of the same kind and magnitude; that is, if 18 years, 11 days, 7 hours and 43 minutes, were added to the time of the happening of any eclipse, it would show the time of the return of the same eclipse; the only differences would be that it would not happen at the same time in the day and it would be a little greater or less than the previous eclipse- thus they were able to predict eclipses with sufficient accu- racy to answer their designs upon the ignorant without under- standing the laws by which these periodical returns were produced.
To explain this briefly, it must be remembered that the moon's orbit makes an angle with the plane of the earth's or- bit of 5} deg .; these two points where the moon's orbit cuts the plane of the earth's orbit, are called nodes. Now we will suppose that on any day at noon it is new moon, and the moon is just 16 deg. from her descending node, the shadow of the moon would just touch the earth at the north pole ; in 223 lu- nations, or 18 years, 11 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes thereafter, the moon would come nearly to the same position as it was at the beginning, consequently there would be another small eclipse of the sun, and at the expiration af every 223 lunations it would return, and at each return the moon's shadow would pass across the earth a little more to the south until the eclipse had appeared about 77 times, when it would pass off at the south pole, occupying a period of 1,388 years : The same period would not commence again until the expiration of 12,- 492 years. Each eclipse which takes place during any year, be- longs to a separate and similar period. Those periods of eclipses which come in at the moon's ascending node, first come on to the earth at the south pole, and at each return the moon's shadow passes across the earth more to the north, and afrer appearing about 77 times, they finally leave the earth at the north pole .- Smith's Astronomy.
113
SKETCHES OF ASTRONOMY.
IMMENSITY OF SPACE.
Great is the immensity of space. Light travels at the rate of one hundred and ninety-two thousand miles per second and yet at this great speed it would take it over thirty million years to come from some of the far off nebulas to the earth. Some ideas of the immensity of space may be gathered by the calculation of the distance that light would travel in thirty millions of years, and then supposing that the distance ascer- tained by the calculation, was to the remaining distance as one drop of water is to the ocean. In all probability the most powerful telescope has only brought to view a small portion of creation.
The nearest fixed stars, according to the best astronomical calculation, 20,000,000,000,000 of miles from the earth. To assist the mind of the reader to get some idea of the immensity of this distance, I have taken the pains to make the following calculation : Suppose that when the Lord past sentence upon Cain for killing his brother, that he had banished him to the nearest fixed star, and had caused a whirlwind or some other power to have taken him at the rate of one thousand miles an hour day and night from that time till now, counting the time past six thousand years, at 360 days travel to the year, he would have traveled at the end of the six thousand years only one 3.80th part of the distance, and at the same rate of speed at the end of two million years from this time he would not reach his destination, but would yet be one trillion three hun- dred and eighty-two billion four hundred million miles from his future home, or place of banishment. So you see that after two million and six thousand years travel at the enormous speed of one thousand miles an hour, leaves a distance yet untraveled equal to about fifty five million times the distance of Cook's voyage around the earth.
PAY OF GOVERNMENT OFFICERS.
President of the United States
per annum, $50,000 00
Vice-President.
8,000 00
Cabinet Officers each.
8,000 00
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
=
8,000 00
Members of Congress.
5,000 00
Chief Justice of the United States.
6,500 00
Associate Justices.
6,000 00
MINISTERS TO FOREIGN COUNTIES.
In Great Britain or France.
per annum
17,500 00
In Russia, Spain, Prussia, Austria, Italy, China, Mexico or Brazil.
=
12,000 00
In Chili or Peru.
10,000 00
In Nicaragua.
7,000 00
In Portugal, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, Hawaiian Islands, Ecua- dor, Argentine Confederation, Venezuela and all other foreign countries.
7,500 00
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Lieutenant-General.
per month
720 00
Major-General .
4
445 00
Brigadier-General
299 50
Adjutant General
annum
3,950 00
Surgeon-General.
3,594 00
Paymaster General
2,740 00
Commissary-General.
2,552 00
Surgeon-General.
month
299 50
OFFICERS OF INFANTRY AND ARTILLERY.
per month
194 00
Lieutenant-Colonel
170 00
Major
151 00
Captain
118 50
First Lieutenant
103 50
Second Lieutenant ..
103 50
Brevet Second Lieutenant.
103 50
ORDNANCE AND TOPOGRAPHICAL DEPARTMENT.
per month
407 50
Colonel
221 00
Lieutenant-Colonel
211 00
Major
187 00
Captain.
129 00
First Lieutenant.
112 83
Second Lieut
112 83
Brevet Second Lieutenant.
112 83
1
(114)
Colonel.
Chief of Ordnance.
RELIGIOUS.
The number of Protestants of the world, according to the statistics of all nations, is about as follows :
United States 83,000,000
Great Britain and Ireland. 25,000,000
Asia and Armenia. 5,000,000
British America and West Indies
4,000,000
France, Belgium and Holland.
5,000,000
South America.
1,500,000
Sweden, Norway and Denmark.
7,600,000
The German Empire. 25,000,000
Throughout the rest of the world
13,000,000
Total
121.000,000
Or about one in every fourteen of the inhabitants of the world are Protestants. Of this number there is about one in every four identified with or members of the different Protestant churches of the world. It then follows that the entire membership of all the Protestant churches of the world amounts to one in fifty-six of the inhabitants.
The number of Roman Catholics (approximately correct) is as follows:
United States
3,500,000
Great Britain and Ireland.
6,000,000
Russia 7,200,000
South America
21,000,000
France.
36,000,000
Austria and Venetia
28,000,000
Spain
17,000,000
Other parts of the world
60,000,000
. Total
200,900,000
Pagans, or those who worshipped idols, or created things or beings, they number near three-fourths of the entire inhabitants of the earth. They number at present about 1,000,000,000. This includes the Moham- medans, the Buddhists and the Mormons, or Latter Day Saints. Of this number there is to be found in the United States, of Mormons, 75,000. And strange as it may seem, we have about 60,000 Heathen idol worship-
(115)
116
RELIGIOUS.
pers, who have began erecting their temples on American soil. There is one in San Francisco, California, and I understand one is being erected at Denver City, Colorado.
The number of church edifices and value of church property of the principal religious organizations in the United States, are as follows ;
NAME.
CHURCHES.
VALUE.
Baptist (regular).
12,857
$39,229,221
Baptist (other)
1,105
2,378,977
Christian
2,822
6,425,137
Congregational.
2,715
25,069,698
Episcopal
2,601
36,514,549
Evangelical Association
641
2,301,650
Friends
662
3,939,560
Jews
152
5,155,234
Lutheran
2,776
14,917,747
Methodist
21,337
69,854,121
Moravian
67
709,100
Mormon
171
656,750
Swedenborgian.
61
869,700
Presbyterian (regular).
5,683
47,828,732
Presbyterian (other)
1,388
5,436,524
Dutch Reform
468
10,359,255
Late German Reform
1,145
5;775,515
Roman Catholic.
3,806
60,985,566
Second Advent.
140
306,240
Shakers
18
86,900
Spiritualist
22
100,150
Unitarian
310
6,282,675
United Brethren
937
1,819,810
Universalist.
602
5,692,325
Unknown (union).
552
965,295
Unknown Local Missions.
27
687,800
Total.
.63,082
$354,483,581
STATISTICAL.
POPULATION OF EACH STATE.
Alabama.
996,992
Missouri
1,721,295
Arkansas.
484,47I
Nebraska
122,993
California.
560,247
Nevada 42,491
Connecticut.
537,454
New Hampshire
318,300
Delaware
125,015
New Jersey
906,095
Florida
187,748
New York.
4,382,759
Georgia
1,184,109
North Carolina
1,071,361
Illinois. 2,539,891
Ohio.
2,665,260
Indiana
1,680,637
Oregon
90,923
Iowa
1,194,020
Pennsylvania. 3,521,951
Kansas
364,399
Rhode Island.
217,353
Kentucky
1,321,011
South Carolina
705,606
Louisiana
726,915
Tennessee.
1,258,520
Maine.
626,915
Texas.
818,579
Maryland.
780,894
Vermont.
330,551
Massachusetts.
1,457,351
Virginia.
1,225,163
Michigan
1,184,059
West Virginia.
442,014
Minnesota.
459,706
Wisconsin
1,054,670
Mississippi.
827,922
Total.
.38,115,641
POPULATION OF THE TERRITORIES.
Arizona
9,658 New Mexico
91,874
Colorado.
39,864
Utah.
86,786
Dakota
14,181
Washington. 29 955
District of Columbia
131,700
Wyoming
9,118
Idaho
14,999
Montana.
20,595
Total
.... .442,730
POPULATION OF THE PRINCIPAL CITIES.
New York, N. Y 942,292
Charleston, S. C. 48,956
-
-
Philadelphia, Pa
674,022
Indianapolis, Ind. 80,244
Brooklyn, N. Y
396,099
Troy, N. Y. 40,465
St. Louis, Mo. 310,864
Syracuse, N. Y. $3,051
(117)
.
118
STATISTICAL.
POPULATION OF THE PRINCIPAL CITIES-CONTINUED:
Chicago, Il1.
298,977 Worcester, Mass 41,105
Baltimore, Md.
267,354
Lowell, Mass 40,928
Boston, Mass. 250,526
Memphis, Tenn 40,226
Cincinnati, Ohio. 216,239
Cambridge, Mass 39,634
New Orleans, La. 191,418
Hartford, Conn
37,180
San Francisco, Cal 149,473
Scranton, Pa.
35,092
Buffalo, N. Y 117,714
Reading, Pa.
33,630
Washington, D. C.
109,199
Patterson, N. J
33,579
Newark, N. J.
105,059
Kansas City, Mo
32,260
Louisville, Ky 100,753
Mobile, Ala.
32,034
Cleveland, Ohio 92,829
Toledo, Ohio.
31,584
Pittsburgh, Pa.
86,076
Portland, Me.
31,413
Jersey City, N. J.
82,546
Columbus, Ohio
31,274
Detroit, Mich
79,577
Wilmington, Del
30,841
Milwaukee, Wis.
71,440
Dayton, Ohio.
30,473
Albany, N. Y.
69,422
Lawrence, Mass
28,921
Providence, R. I.
68,904
Utica, N. Y 28,804
Rochester, N. Y
62,386
Charlestown, Mass 28,323
Allegheny, Pa.
53,180
Savannah, Ga
28,235
Richmond, Va.
51,038
Lynn, Mass. 28,233
New Haven, Conn
50,840
Fall River, Mass. 26,766
THE NUMBER of all the male citizens over the age of twenty-one years in the United States and Territories, as shown by the statistics of the last Census :
Alabama
202,046
Missouri
380,235
Arizona
3,397
Montana
11,523
Arkansas.
100,043
Nebraska
36,169
California
145,802
Nevada
18,652
Colorado
15,515
New Hampshire
83,361
Connecticut
127,499
New Jersey
194,109
Dakota
5,234
New Mexico
22,442
Delaware
28,207
New York
981,587
District of Columbia
31,622
North Carolina
214,224
Florida.
38,854
Ohio
592,350
Georgia
234,919
Oregon
24,608
Idaho
5,557
Pennsylvania
776,345
Illinois
542,843
Rhode Island.
43,996
Indiana
376,780
South Carolina
146.614
Iowa
255,802
Tennessee
259,016
Kansas
99,065
Texas
169,215
Kentucky
282,305
Utah
10,147
Louisiana.
159,201
Vermont.
74,867
Maine.
153,160
Virginia
266,680
Maryland .
169,845
Washington
7,902
119
STATISTICAL.
NUMBER MALE CITIZENS, etc .- COTINUED:
Massachusetts
312,770
West Virginia
93,435
Michigan
274,459
Wisconsin.
203,077
Minnesota
75,274
Wyoming
5,297
Mississippi
169,737
Total
8,425,941
By the above the full amount of the vote of each State is shown, and as the vote for President in 1872 was not a strict party vote, we will give the vote for President in 1868, as polled for Grant and Seymour, as we think this more satisfactory.
VOTE OF EACH STATE OF THE UNION.
Rep.
Dem.
Alabama
76,366
72,086
Arkansas
22,152
19,078
California
54,592
54,078
Connecticut.
50,996
47,951
Delaware.
7,623
10,980
Florida (By Legislature.)
Georgia
57,134
102,822
Illinois
250,293
199,143
Indiana
176,552
166,980
Iowa
120,399
74,040
Kansas
31,046
14,019
Kentucky
39,569
115,889
Louisiana
33,263
80,225
Maine
70,426
42,396
Maryland.
30,438
62,357
Massachusetts
136,437
59,408
Michigan
128,550
97,069
Minnesota.
43,542
28,072
Mississippi (No vote.)
Missouri
85,671
59,878
Nebraska
9,729
5,439
Nevada.
6,480
5,218
New Hampshire
38,191
31,224
New Jersey
80,121
83,001
New York ...
419,883
429,883
North Carolina
96,226
84,090
Ohio
280,828
238,700
Oregon
10,961
11,125
Pennsylvania.
342,280
313,382
Rhode Island.
12,903
6,548
South Carolina.
62,301
45,237
Tennessee.
56,757
26,31;
.
5
Texas (No vote.)
120
STATISTICAL.
VOTE OF EACH STATE OF THE UNION-CONTINUED.
Vermont
44,167
12,045
Virginia (No vote.)
West Virginia.
29,025
20,306
Wisconsin
108,857
84,710
Total
3,012,188
2,703,590
POPULATION OF INDIANA BY COUNTIES, 1870.
Adams
11,382
Madison
22,770
Allen
43,494
Marion
71,939
Bartholomew
21,131
Marshal
20,211
Benton
5,615
Martin
11,103
Blackford
6,272
Miami.
21,052
Boone
22,593
Monroe
14,168
Brown
8,681
Montgomery
23,765
Carroll
16,152
Morgan
17,528
Cass
24,193
Newton
5,829
Clarke
24,770
Noble
20,389
Clay
19,084
Ohio
5,837
Clinton
17,330
Orange
13,497
Crawford
9,851
Owen
16,137
Daviess
16,747
Park
18,166
Dearborn
24,116
Perry
14,801
Decatur
19,053
Pike
13,779
DeKalb
17,167
Porter
13,942
Delaware
19,030
Posey
19,185
Dubois.
12,597
Pulaski
7,801
Elkhart.
26,026
Putnam
21,514
Fayette
10,476
Randolph
22,862
Floyd
23,300
Ripley
20,977
Fountain
16,389
Rush
17,626
Franklin
20,223
Scott
7,823
Fulton
12,726
Shelby
21,892
Gibson
17,371
Spencer
17,998
Grant
18,487
Starke
3,888
Greene
19,514
Steuben
12,854
Hamilton
20,882
St. Joseph
25,322
Hancock
15,123
Sullivan
18,453
Harrison
19,913
Switzerland.
12,134
Hendricks
20,277
Tippecanoe.
33,515
Henry
22,986
Tipton
11,953
Howard.
15,847
Union
6,341
Huntington
12,036
Vanderburg
33,145
Jackson
18,974
Vermillion
10,840
Jasper.
6,354
Vigo
33,549
.
-
121
STATISTICAL.
POPULATION CF INDIANA BY COUNTIES-CONTINUED.
Jay
15,000
Wabash
21,305
Jefferson
29,741
Warren
10,204
Jennings
16,218
Warrick.
17,653
Johnson
18,366
Washington
18,495
Knox
21,562
Wayne
34,048
Kosciusko.
23,531
Wells
13,585
LaGrange
14,148
White.
10,554
Lake
12,339
Whitley
14,399
LaPorte
27,062
Lawrence
14,628
Total
.... 1,680,637
INDIANA TOWNS THAT HAVE 500, OR OVER, INHABITANTS.
Decatur, Adams county ..
858
New Haven, Allen county
912
Ft. Wayne, Allen county
17,718
Monroeville, Allen county
630
Columbus, Bartholomew county.
3,359
Hope, Bartholomew county
765
Oxford, Benton county ..
519
Hartford, Blackford county
878
Lebanon, Boone county.
1,572
Zionsville, Boone county.
956
Jamestown, Boone county
603
Thorntown, Boone county
1,526
Delphi, Carroll county.
1,614
Browntown, Cass county.
903
Logansport, Cass county
8,950
West Logan, Cass county.
978
Charleston, Clarke county
2,204
Jeffersonville, Clarke county.
7,254
Brazil, Clay county.
2,186
Staunton, Clay county
587
Knightsville, Clay county
1,071
Harmony, Clay county.
597
Bowling Green, Clay county
606
Frankfort, Clinton county
1,300
Leavenworth, Crawford county
567
Washington, Daviess county
2,901
Aurora, Dearborn county
3,304
Cochran, Dearborn county.
675
Lawrenceburg, Dearborn county
3,159
Moore's Hill, Dearborn county
617
Waterloo, DeKalb county.
1,259
Auburn, DeKalb county
677
Muncie, Delaware county.
2,992
122
STATISTICAL.
INDIANA TOWNS, ETC .- CONTINUED.
Jasper, Dubois county
547
Elkhart, Elkhart county
3,265
Goshen, Elkhart county.
3,133
Bristol, Elkhart county
681
Connersville, Fayette county
2,496
New Albany, Floyd county.
15,396
Attica, Fountain county.
2,273
Covington, Fountain county
1,888
Laurel, Franklin county
741
Rochester, Fulton county.
1,528
Owensville, Gibson county
522
Princeton, Gibson county
1,847
Patoka, Gibson county
844
Marion, Grant county.
1,658
Jonesboro, Grant county.
581
Bloomfield, Green county
656
Westfield, Hamilton county
608
Noblesville, Hamilton county
1,435
Greenfield, Hancock county
1,203
Corydon, Harrison county
747
Danville, Hendricks county
1,080
Plainfield, Hendricks county
795
Brownsburg, Hendricks county
551
Middletown, Henry county
711
Knightstown, Henry county.
1,528
Kokomo, Howard county.
2,177
Roanoke, Huntington county
627
Brownstown, Jackson county.
572
Seymour, Jackson county.
2,372
Rensselaer, Jasper county.
617
Hanover, Jefferson county
564
North Madison, Jefferson county
1,007
Madison, Jefferson county.
10,709
North Vernon, Jennings county
1,758
Vernon, Jennings county.
673
Edinburg, Johnson county
1,799
Franklin City ..
2,707
Vincennes, Knox county
5,440
Pierceton, Kosciusko county
1,063
LaGrange, LaGrange county
1,038
LaPorte, LaPorte county
6,581
Michigan City, LaPorte county
3,985
Westville City, LaPorte county.
640
Mitchell, Lawrence county.
1,087
123
STATISTICAL.
INDIANA TOWNS, ETC .- CONTINUED.
Anderson, Madison county
3,126
Pendleton, Madison county.
675
Bourborn, Marshall county
874
Plymouth, Marshall county
2,482
Shoals, Martin county.
512
Loogootee, Martin county
748
Peru, Miami county.
3,617
Bloomington, Monroe county
1,030
Ladoga, Montgomery county
878
Crawfordsville, Montgomery county.
3,701
Mooresville, Morgan county
1.229
Martinsville, Morgan county
1,131
Kentland, Newton county.
802
Kendallville, Noble county
2,164
Ligonier, Noble county
1,514
Rising Sun, Ohio county.
1,760
Orleans, Orange county.
905
Paoli, Orange county
628
Spencer, Owen county
971
Gosport, Owen county.
860
Rockville, Park county.
1,187
Montezuma, Park, county
624
Cannelton, Perry county
2,481
Tell City, Perry county.
1,660
Petersburg, Pike county
923
Valparaiso, Porter county.
2,765
Mount Vernon, Posey county.
2,880
New Harmony, Posey county
836
Winnamack, Pulaski county.
906
Greencastle, Putnam county.
3,227
Ridgeville, Randolph county
716
Farmland, Randolph county
532
Union City, Randolph county.
1,439
Winchester, Randolph county.
1,456
Versails, Ripley county.
500
Rushville, Rush county.
1,696
Shelbyville, Shelby county
2,731
Rockport, Spencer county
1,720
Angola, Steuben county.
1,072
Mishawaka, St. Joseph county
2,617
South Bend, St. Joseph county
7,206
Sullivan, Sullivan county.
1,396
Lafayette, Tippecanoe county
13,516
Tipton, Tipton county
892
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124
STATISTICAL.
INDIANA TOWNS, ETC .- CONTINUED.
Liberty, Union county
700
Evansville, Vanderburgh county
21,830
Clinton, Vermillion county
564
Perrysville, Vermillion county.
690
Terre Haute, Vigo county
16,103
Lagro, Wabash county
519
Wabash City, Wabash county.
2,881
Williamsport, Warren county
988
Booneville, Warrick county
1,039
Newburg, Warrick county
1,464
Salem, Washington county
1,294
Centreville, Wayne county.
1,077
East Germantown, Wayne county
536
Hagerstown, Wayne county.
833
Richmond, Wayne county.
9,445
Milton, Wayne county
823
Blufftown, Wells county
1,138
Monticello, White county
887
Columbia, Whitley county
1,633
SABBATH SCHOOLS.
- :0 :-
The first Sabbath School that we have been able to find a record of, was established in the year 1769 in the town of Wy- cumbe, England, by a young Methodist lady by the name of Hannah Ball. A few years after this another young lady who afterwards became the wife of Samuel Bradburn, suggested the idea of Sabbath Schools to Robert Rakes. He being a man of quick perception and great energy saw at once the ad- vantages to be gained by schools of this kind. He immedi- ately set to work and organized a school in the city of Glou- cester, England, and through his labors and influence other cities of that country were induced to establish Sabbath Schools and work for the Sunday School interest.
The first Sabbath School established in the United States was organized by Bishop Asbury, in the year 1786, in Hanover County, Va., at the house of Mr. Thomas Cranshaw. The pro- gress of Sabbath Schools in the United States until about the year 1830, was rather slow, as but few of the Christian denom- inations up to that time had become interested in the Sunday School cause. But one by one, the different organizations of Christians have gradually adopted the institution of Sabbath Schools, till now, the popular method of all churches for the religious training of the young is the Sunday School. Now, in every land and nation, where Christian people reside, the Sabbath School cause is advancing.
The organization of Sabbath Schools, Remember one and all, Was first established in Wycumbe, By Miss Hannah Ball.
After this Miss Bradburn Suggested to Robert Rakes To organize a Sabbath School, And helped him set the stakes.
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SABBATH SCHOOLS.
They organized in Gloucester, The banner they unfurled, The fame and name of which has spread. Almost throughout the world.
The honor due to Robert Rakes, Miss Bradburn and Miss Ball. Should not be given to Robert Rakes, But given to them all.
For the institution of Sabbath Schools, The honor is due Miss Ball. To her for lighting up the lamp, We give the honor all.
Miss Bradburn she is worthy of Our honor, love, and praise, For her suggestions, and her work, In keeping up the blaze.
And to Robert Rakes is due The honor of school extension,
For adding fuel to the light, And widening its dimenzion.
1
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VALUABLE RECIPES.
For Cleaning Silverware, and for Silvering Copper .- One- fourth ounce crystal nitrate of silver, one-half ounce cream of tartar, one-fourth ounce of common salt; pulverize all to a fine powder together, bottle it up and it is ready for use. Ap- ply with a woolen rag, wetting the rag so as the powder will stick to it.
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