USA > Kansas > Shawnee County > Topeka > Polk Topeka, Kansas, city directory, 1890-1891 > Part 11
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life most of the time during a period of forty-six years. He had been minister to England and France, and candidate for President in opposition to Polk. He died in Washington in 1852.
Clark. Organized in 1885. County seat, Ashland. Originally and cor- rectly Clarke, with a final e, in memory of Charles F. Clarke, captain and Ad- jutant General, United States Volunteers, who died at Memphis, December 10, 1862. The Legislature of 1873 dropped the final e under a misapprehension, as the legend goes, that the county was named for another, and, to many of them, an obnoxious individual, whose name was spelled with an e.
Cloud. Organized as "Shirley," in 1860. County seat, Concordia. The county was originally named after Governor William Shirley, Colonial Gov- ernor of Massachusetts from 1741 to 1756. The name was changed to Cloud in 1867, in honor of Colonel William F. Cloud, of the Second Regiment, Kan- sas Volunteers. This change was made at the suggestion of Hon. J. B. Rupe, then representing the county in the Legislature.
Coffey. Organized in 1859. County seat, Burlington. Named in honor of Colonel A. M. Coffey, a member of the first Territorial Legislative Council. Colonel Coffey died at Dodge City in 1879.
Comanche. Organized in 1885. County seat, Coldwater. Named from the Indian tribe of that name. (The county was first organized in the fall of 1873, under a general law then in force, and was represented in the Legislature under that organization in 1874; but that organization was held fraudulent and void.)
Cowley. Organized in 1870. County seat, Winfield. Named in honor of Matthew Cowley, fiirst lieutenant of Company I, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, who died in the service, October 7, 1864, at Little Rock, Arkansas. (The county was originally named "Hunter.") (Bogus Laws of 1855, page 208.) The name was changed to "Cowley" in
Crawford. Organized in 1867. County seat, Girard. This county was by an act of the Legislature of 1876 created out of the northern half of Cherokee, which prior to that date reached to Bourbon. It was named in honor of Samuel J. Crawford, who was elected Governor in 1864, and served nearly four years. The Legislature named the county in obedience to a resolution passed in conven- tion held to petition for its organization. Governor Crawford resigned in Octo- ber, 1868, to become Colonel of the Nineteenth Kansas Infantry, specially raised for the Indian war of 1868-9. He was Colonel of the Second Regiment Colored Volunteer Infantry, during the war for the Union. Ex-Governor Crawford is now State Agent at Washington; his residence is Topeka.
Davis-see GEARY.
Decatur. Organized in 1879. County seat, Oberlin. Boundaries defined by legislative enactment in 1873. Named in honor of Commodore Stephen De- catur, a distinguished American naval officer. He fell in a duel with Commo- dore Barron, U. S. N., in 1808.
Dickinson. Organized in 1857. County seat, Abilene. In honor of Daniel S. Dickinson, who was a Senator from the State of New York. In 1847 he in- troduced, in the United States Senate, resolutions respecting territorial govern- ment embodying the doctrine of popular sovereignty, afterwards incorporated in the bill for the organization of Kansas Territory. He died in 1866.
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Doniphan. Organized in 1855. County seat, Troy. In honor of Colonel A. W. Doniphan, of Missouri. He commanded a regiment of cavalry during the Mexican war, marching across the plains, and taking a very prominent part in the conquest of New Mexico. He was a zealous partisan in the effort made to extend slavery into Kansas.
Douglas. Organized in 1855. County seat, Lawrence. In honor of Ste- phen A. Douglas, United States Senator from Illinois, and a candidate for the presidency in 1860. It was in this county that the first Legislature located the capital of the Territory. As a Senator, Douglas, in 1854, took a leading part in securing the adoption of the "popular sovereignty" principle in the act or- ganizing Kansas Territory, which gave the particular form of the issue involved in the Kansas struggle.
Edwards. Organized in 1874. County seat, Kinsley. Named in honor of John H. Edwards, of Ellis, State Senator. Colonel Edwards removed from Kansas to New Mexico.
Elk. Organized in 1875. County seat, Howard City. Created out of the northern portion of what had been Howard county. Named for the Elk river, which traverses its area from northwest to southeast. (See Chautauqua. )
Ellis. Organized in 1867. County seat, Hays City. Named in memory of George Ellis, first lieutenant of Company I, Twelfth Kansas Infantry, killed in battle April 30th, 1864, at Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas.
Ellsworth. Organized in 1867. County seat, Ellsworth. Named after Fort Ellsworth, a military post built on the bank of the Smoky Hill, in 1864. This fort was so called by General Curtis in honor of the officer who constructed it, Allen Ellsworth, second lieutenant of Company H, Seventh Iowa Cavalry. When the name was adopted for the county it was supposed that the fort had been named in memory of Colonel E. E. Ellsworth, of national fame.
Ford. Organized in 1873. County seat, Dodge City. Named in honor of Colonel James H. Ford, of the Second Colorado Cavalry, and Brevet Brigadier General U. S. Volunteers.
Franklin. Organized in 1855. County seat, Ottawa. Named in honor of the illustrious Benjamin Franklin.
Finney. Organized in 1884. County seat, Garden City. Originally Se- quoyah, from the celebrated Cherokee Indian of that name, the inventor of the alphabet of his language, and a most remarkable man. Changed in 1883 to Finney, in honor of D. W. Finney, then Lieutenant Governor of the State.
Garfield. Organized in 1887. County seat, Ravanna. Boundaries were defined in 1873. Named in honor of President James A. Garfield.
Geary. Organized in 1855 as "Davis" county, which name was given for Jefferson Davis -- a graduate of West Point-officer of the U. S. army - United States Senator, and Secretary of War-and who afterward turned traitor to his government, and became President of the so-called Southern Confederacy. The Legislature changed the name to Geary, in 1889, in honor of John W. Geary, who was Territorial Governor of Kansas from 1856 until March, 1857. County seat, Junction City.
Gove. Organized September 2, 1886. County seat, Gove City. In honor of Captain Grenville L. Gove, Eleventh Kansas Cavalry, who died in 1864. -13
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Graham. Organized in 18So. County seat, Millbrook. In honor of Cap- tain John L. Graham, of the Eighth Regiment Kansas Infantry -killed in action at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 19, 1863, before he was mustered in.
Grant. Organized in ISS8. County seat, Ulysses. Named in honor of President Ulysses S. Grant.
Gray. Organized in 1887. County seat, Cimarron. Named in honor of Alfred Gray, late Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture.
Greeley. Organized in 1888. County seat, Tribune. Named in honor of the founder of the New York Tribune.
Greenwood. Organized in 1862. County seat, Eureka. This county re- ceived its name as a compliment to Alfred B. Greenwood, who, about the time of the organization of the Territory, was Commissioner of Indian Affairs. He negotiated treaties on the part of the United States with the Sac and Fox and other tribes in Southern Kansas.
Hamilton. Organized January 29, 1886. County seat, Syracuse. In honor of General Alexander Hamilton, the great American statesman; he was killed in a duel with Aaron Burr, July 11, 1804.
Harper. Organized in 1873. County seat, Anthony. The organization of this county was one of the most glaring frauds ever perpetrated in the State. Attorney General Williams, in his official report, says: "It is not pretended that Harper county ever had an inhabitant." The form of its organization was legal on paper, and that is all. In 1878 the organization became legal. The county was named in memory of Marion Harper, first sergeant of Company E, Second Regiment of Kansas Cavalry. He was mortally wounded at Waldron, Arkan- sas, December 29, 1863, and died the following day. His comrades say he took his death coolly. When brought in wounded, he proposed a wager that in so many hours he would be dead; the bet was taken, and Marion Harper won.
Harvey. Organized in 1872. County seat, Newton. Named for James M. Harvey, captain of Company G, Tenth Regiment of Kansas Infantry, and Governor of the State from 1869 to 1873. In January, 1874, he was elected United States Senator to fill an unexpired term ending in 1877.
Haskell. Organized in 1887. County seat, Santa Fe. Named in honor of Dudley C. Haskell, of Lawrence, who died while serving the State as Congress- man.
Hodgeman. Organized in 1879. County seat, Jetmore. Named in honor of Amos Hodgman, captain of Company H, Seventh Kansas Cavalry. He died October 16, 1863, near Oxford, Mississippi, of wounds received in an ac- tion at Wyatt, Mississippi, October 10, 1863. The name should be spelled Hodgman, without the e-it was so spelled in the original statute of 1868, which created the county, but by accident-probably -in the statute which de- fined its boundaries in 1873, the e was inserted. Of course it is legally Hodge- man, and must remain orthographically incorrect until changed by legislative enactment.
Jackson. Organized in 1857. County seat, Holton. Originally Calhoun, in honor of John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina; changed in 1859 to Jackson, after Andrew Jackson, seventh President of the United States.
Jefferson. Organized in 1855. County seat, Oskaloosa. In honor of Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States-acknowledged author
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of the declaration of independence. It came very near being called Sauterelle, (French for grasshopper,) Doctor Wm. H. Tebbs, the local member in the first Legislature, having strenuously contended for it. The legend goes that the doc- tor accepted his defeat with good grace, and supplied the customary beverage then used when anything notable occurred in or about that remarkable body.
Jewell. Organized in 1870. County seat, Mankato. Named in memory of Lieutenant Lewis R. Jewell, Sixth Kansas Cavalry, who died November 30, 1862, of wounds received at the battle of Cane Hill, Arkansas, November 28, 1862.
Johnson. Organized in 1855. County seat, Olathe. For Rev. Thomas Johnson, a Methodist minister, who in 1829 established a mission among the Shawnee Indians, about eight miles southwest of Kansas City. Mr. Johnson took the Pro-Slavery side of politics, and was a member of the first Territorial Council. He was, when the war came on, a faithful Union man. He then lived in Missouri, and becoming obnoxious to the bushwhackers, his house was sacked by them, and he was shot and killed, in January, 1865.
Kearny. Organized March 28, 1888. County seat, Hartland. Named after General Kearny, who commanded United States troops in the West dur- ing the Indian troubles.
Kingman. Organized in 1874. County seat, Kingman. Named in honor of Samuel A. Kingman, who was then Chief Justice of Kansas. Judge King- man resides in Topeka.
Kiowa. Organized March 23, 1886. County seat, Greensburg. Named after the tribe of Indians bearing that name.
Labette. Legally organized in 1867. County seat, Oswego. Originally part of Dorn county, after Colonel Earl Van Dorn, of the regular army. He was also a rebel officer; but changed from Dorn to Neosho in 1861, after name of the principal river in Southern Kansas. Labette county has a peculiar history, not generally known, or at least not found in the books. Prior to the summer of 1866 all that part (and being the south half ) of Neosho county, now compris- ing Labette, was sparsely populated. In the spring of 1866 there was a great rush of immigration to that locality, and the new settlers proceeded to organize a government of their own. They gave the name "Labette," (then written La Bette,) and called a convention, nominated a full set of county officers, and a Representative to the State Legislature, and elected them at the November election, and started a county government-for all which no authority of law whatever existed. The "representative" so elected was Charles H. Bent, who reported at Topeka with a petition "signed by John G. Rice and 224 other citi- zens of Labette county," asking that Mr. Bent be admitted to a seat in the House. He was admitted, and afterward introduced a bill to "organize and define the boundaries of Labette county," which passed, and was approved the 7th of Feb- ruary, 1867. The word La Bette is French, and signifies "the beet."
Lane. Organized June 3, 1886. Boundaries defined in 1873. County seat, Dighton. In honor of Senator "Jim" Lane, of Kansas fame.
Leavenworth. Organized in 1855. County seat, Leavenworth. From Fort Leavenworth, the most important military post in the West. It was established in 1827, and was named after General Leavenworth, of the United States Army.
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Lincoln. Organized in 1870. County seat, Lincoln Center. In honor of Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth President of the United States, and author of the emancipation proclamation. Assassinated April 14, 1865.
Linn. Organized in 1855. County seat, Mound City. Named for Lewis F. Linn, a distinguished United States Senator from Missouri, who died in 1843, in office. He was a colleague of Hon. Thomas H. Benton.
Logan. County seat, Russell Springs. By an act of the Legislature in ISS7, the name of the county of St. John was changed to Logan, in honor of the late General John A. Logan.
Lyon. Organized in 1860. County seat, Emporia. Named by the first Legislature "Breckenridge," in honor of John C. Breckenridge, when a Senator from Kentucky, and who afterward became Vice President of the United States in 1856. Name changed in 1862 to Lyon, in honor of General Nathaniel Lyon, who was killed while in command of the Union army at the battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri, August 10, 1861.
Marion. Organized in 1860. County seat, Marion. Named for Marion county, Ohio, which was so called in memory of General Francis Marion, of revolutionary fame.
Marshall. Organized in 1855. County seat, Marysville. After General Frank J. Marshall, who established a ferry on the Big Blue at the crossing of the old Independence-California road in 1849. He was a prominent member of the first Legislature, and had his own name applied to the county. Marysville was declared the permanent county seat by the Legislature in 1860.
McPherson. Organized in 1870. County seat, McPherson. In honor of Major General James B. McPherson, U. S. Volunteers, who was killed in bat- tle at Atlanta, Georgia, July 22, 1864.
Meade. Organized in 1885. County seat, Meade Center. In honor of Major General George G. Meade, U. S. A., who died in 1872.
Miami. Organized in 1855 under the name of "Lykins." County seat, Paola. In honor of Doctor David Lykins, who was a missionary among the Miamis. He was also a member of the first Territorial Council. Name changed in 1861 to Miami, after that tribe of Indians.
Mitchell. Organized in 1870. County seat, Beloit. In honor of William D. Mitchell, who entered the Union army as a private in Company K, Second Kansas Cavalry; was promoted to captain in the Second Kentucky Cavalry, and killed March 10, 1865, at Monroe's Cross-Roads, North Carolina.
Montgomery. Organized in 1869. County seat, Independence. For Gen- eral Richard Montgomery, born in Ireland, December 2, 1736; was an officer of distinction in the British army; resigned and settled in New York State in 1773; was appointed one of the eight generals to command the revolutionary army of America, in 1775; was killed in the attack on Quebec, December 31, 1775, shouting "Death and Liberty!"
Morris. Organized as "Wise" in 1855. County seat, Council Grove. Originally named for Henry A. Wise, who was Governor of Virginia during the John Brown seizure of Harper's Ferry. The execution of that "grand old man" at Charleston, December 2, 1859, was one of the last acts of Wise's ad- ministration. Name changed to Morris in February, 1859, in honor of Thomas
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Morris, a United States Senator from Ohio in 1832, who distinguished himself as an opponent of slavery. He died in 1844.
Morton. Organized November, 1886. County seat, Richfield. Was named in honor of Hon. Oliver P. Morton, of Indiana.
Nemaha. Organized in 1855. County seat, Seneca. Named from a river in Nebraska-the Nemaha, one of whose branches drains the northern half of the county.
Neosho. Organized in 1864. County seat, Erie. The county was origin- ally named "Dorn," (see Labette,) and changed in 1861 to Neosho, after the Neosho river, which traverses the county from northwest to southeast. The name was given to the river by the Osages.
Ness. First organized in 1873. County seat, Ness City. Disorganized in I874; reorganized in 1880. Named in honor of Noah V. Ness, corporal of Company G, Seventh Kansas Cavalry, who died August 22, 1864, at Abbey- ville, Miss., of wounds received in action August 19, 1864.
Norton. Organized in 1872. County seat, Norton. In memory of Orloff Norton, captain of Company L, Fifteenth Kansas Cavalry, killed by guer- rillas at Cane Hill, Arkansas, October 29, 1865. In 1873 the county was repre- sented by one N. H. Billings, a man of overweening vanity, a crank on the subject of talking, who in consequence of his peculiarities became a sort of butt of the Legislature. A member of the Senate at the time-one of Kansas' brightest and wittiest of men-had the name of Norton changed to Billings, in two lines hidden in a paragraph of a bill fixing the boundaries of certain coun- ties. The next Legislature restored the name of Norton.
Osage. Organized as Weller county in 1855; name changed to Osage in 1859. Originally named for John B. Weller, of Ohio, Member of Congress and Governor of that State; also Governor of California and Senator, Minister to Mexico, etc .- a staunch Democrat at all times. The name Osage comes from the Osage river, the headwaters of which stream drain almost the entire county.
Osborne. Organized in 1871. County seat, Osborne City. Named in honor of Vincent B. Osborne, private of Company A, Second Kansas Cavalry, who lost his right leg January 17, 1865, on the steamer Anna Jacobs, at Joy's Ford, on the Arkansas river.
Ottawa. Created in 1860, and organized in 1866. County seat, Minneap- olis. Named for the tribe of Ottawas.
Pawnee. Organized in 1872. County seat, Larned. Named for the once powerful tribe of Pawnee Indians, the area of this county having been included in their original hunting grounds.
Phillips. Organized in 1872. County seat, Phillipsburg. Named in mem- ory of William Phillips, a Free-State martyr, murdered September 1, 1856, in Leavenworth.
Pottawatomie. Organized in 1856. County seat, Westmoreland. Named for the Pottawatomie Indians, whose reservation at the opening of Kansas Ter- ritory for settlement, and for years afterward, embraced a large portion of the geographical area of the county.
Pratt. First organized in 1873. County seat, Iuka. But not recognized in consequence of frauds. Organized constitutionally in 1879. Named in mem-
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ory of Caleb Pratt, second lieutenant of Company D, First Kansas Infantry, killed in action August 10, 1861, at Wilson's Creek, Mo.
Rawlins. Organized in ISSI. County seat, Atwood. Named in memory of General John A. Rawlins, who was a staff officer of General Grant, and went into his cabinet when elected President as Secretary of War.
Reno. Organized in 1873. County seat, Hutchinson. In memory of Jesse L. Reno, captain United States Army, and Major General of Volunteers, who was killed in battle, September 14, 1862, at South Mountain, Maryland.
Republic. Organized in 1878. County seat, Belleville. Received its name from the Republican river, which extends through the county. The river was so called, because many years ago the valley of that stream was the seat of the "Pawnee Republic," a designation given to a principal division of the Pawnee Indians, or Panis, as they were originally known.
Rice. County seat, Lyons. Named in memory of Samuel A. Rice, Brig- adier General United States Volunteers; killed April 30, 1864, at Jenkins Ferry, Arkansas.
Riley. Organized in 1855. County seat, Manhattan. Received its name from the adjacent military post, which was established in 1853, and called Fort Riley, in honor of General Riley, of the United States Army.
Rooks. Organized in 1872. County seat, Stockton. In memory of John C. Rooks, private of Company I, Eleventh Kansas Infantry, who died Decem- ber II, 1862, at Fayetteville, Arkansas, of wounds received in the battle of Prai- rie Grove, December 7, 1862.
Rush. Organized in 1874. County seat, Walnut City. In memory of Alexander Rush, captain of Company H, Second Colored Infantry, killed April 3, 1864, at Jenkins Ferry, Arkansas.
Russell. Organized in 1872. County seat, Russell. In memory of Alva P. Russell, captain Company K, Second Kansas Cavalry, who died December 12, 1862, in field hospital near Prairie Grove, Arkansas, of wounds received in battle December 6, 1862, at Prairie Grove.
Saline. Organized in 1859. County seat, Salina. Named for the Saline river, whose waters drain a large area of the county.
Scott. Organized January 29, 1886. County seat, Scott City. Boundaries defined in 1873. In honor of Major General Winfield Scott, United States Army, the hero of the Mexican war.
Sedgwick. Organized in 1870. County seat, Wichita. In memory of John Sedgwick, U. S. A., Major General of Volunteers, killed in battle, May 9, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Virginia.
Seward. Organized January .17, 1886. County seat, Springfield. Bound- aries defined in 1873. In honor of Wm. H. Seward, Governor and United States Senator of New York, and Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln.
Shawnee. Organized in 1855. County seat, Topeka. Was carved out of what was, before the treaty of 1854, Shawnee Indian lands-hence the name. General H. J. Strickler, of Tecumseh, who was a member of the Council in 1855, and also of the joint committee on counties, claimed Shawnee for the name of his county, a preference stoutly contended for by the Rev. Thomas Johnson for the county in which the Legislature was sitting, but the committee yielded to
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Strickler. and without solicitation complimented Mr. Johnson by conferring his own name upon his county.
Sheridan. Organized in ISSo. County seat, Hoxie. Named in honor of Lieutenant General Philip H. Sheridan, United States Army.
Sherman. Organized September 20, 1886. County seat, Goodland. In honor of General W. T. Sherman, United States Army.
Smith. Organized in 1872. County seat, Smith Center. In memory of Nathan Smith, major Second Colorado Volunteers, killed October 23, 1864, at Little Blue, Missouri.
Stafford. Organized in 1879. County seat, St. John. In memory of Lewis Stafford, captain of Company E, First Kansas Infantry, who was accidentally killed at Young's Point, Louisiana, January 31, 1863.
Stanton. Organized in 1887. County seat, Johnson City. This county was named after Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War under President Lincoln.
Stevens. Organized August 3, 1886. County seat, Hugoton. Was named after the late distinguished statesman Thaddeus Stevens.
Sumner. Organized in 1871. County seat, Wellington. In honor of Charles Sumner, the distinguished Massachusetts Senator. In 1854 he was a leader in the opposition to extension of slavery into Kansas, as proposed in the bill to organize the Territory.
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