USA > Massachusetts > Bristol County > Rehoboth > Early Rehoboth, documented historical studies of families and events in this Plymouth colony township, Volume III > Part 10
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t Constant Southworth, Plymouth, b. in 1615; d. 11 Mar. 1679. He was not brought to New England in the Ann in 1623 by his widowed mother when she came to m. Governor Bradford, but came, it is presumed, in 1628. He m. 2 Nov. 1637, Elizabeth, dau. of William Collier. Deputy in 1647 and for 22 years following. On the death of his brother, Capt. Thomas Southworth, he was chosen assistant in 1670 and for the next eight years until his death in 1679. He was also Treasurer of Plymouth Colony. His dau. Alice m. 26 Dec. 1667 Benjamin Church [Savage's Gen. Dict., vol. IV, p. 143].
# Thomas Savage, Boston, merchant, son of William of Taunton, co. Somerset, England, black- smith, had been apprenticed at Merchant Tailors, London, as the company records prove, in the 18th of James, 9 Jan. 1621; came in the Planter from London in April 1635, age 27; admitted to the church in January and freeman 25 May 1636; artillery company 1637; m. about 1637, Faith, d. February 1652, dau. of William and Ann (Marbury) Hutchinson, and for receiving the revelations of his mother-in-law or entertaining the opinion of Rev. John Wheelwright, he was disarmed in
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The Massachusetts Military Expedition to Mount Hope
ain; Mr. William Locke * and -- Toten,* surgeons; Lieut. The- ophilus Frary, John Morse, and Jacob Eliott, commissaries [Bodge, pp. 66, 91].
The Middlesex Troop,-Capt. Thomas Prentice, Lieut. Edward Oakes, Cornet John Wayman, Quartermasters Joseph Belcher and Mathew Bridge; and Corporals Solomon Phips and John Gill [Bodge, p. 81].
A Foot company,-Capt. Daniel Henchman, Lieut. Enoch Green- leaf, Ensign Perez Savage (wounded in June 1675), and Thomas Wigfall, Clerk Ralph Hall; Sergeants Henry Timberlake, John Tayor, Henry Harwood, Charles Blincott, James Johnson, and Robert Orchard; Marshal Peter Bennett, and Butcher Samuel Johnson [Bodge, p. 45].
A Volunteer Company,-Capt. Samuel Mosely, Lieut. Joshua Winslow, Ensign Jacob Allen, Sergt. James Thomas, and Corp. Richard Barnam [Bodge, p. 64]. (It is said that the forces of Cap-
November of that year and driven to unite with Governor Coddington and others in the purchase of Rhode Island, where in 1638 he settled for a short time, and then returned to Boston. Children: Habijah, b. 1 Aug. 1638 (H.C. 1659); Thomas, bapt. 17 May 1640; Hannah, b. 28 June 1643; Eph- raim, b. 2 July 1645 (H.C. 1662); Mary, bapt. 6 June 1647; Dyonisia, 30 Dec. 1649; Perez, b. 17 Feb. 1652. He m. (2) 15 Sept. 1653, Mary, dau. of Rev. Zachariah Symmes of Charlestown and had eleven more children. He was captain of the artillery company, 1651 and some later years; deputy 1654 and several years more for Boston, besides various years for Hingham and Andover; speaker, 1659, 1660, 1671, 1677, and 1678; had command of forces in Philip's War at its opening; assistant, 1680, 1681, and 1682. He made his will 28 June 1675, the day he marched to Philip's War. He d. 14 Feb. 1682. His widow m. Anthony Stoddard [Savage's Gen. Dict., vol. IV, p. 26]. § Joseph Dudley, son of Gov. Thomas Dudley, b. at Roxbury 23 Sept. 1647; d. there 2 Apr. 1720; graduated Harvard College, in 1665, where he studied theology; m. Rebecca, dau. of Capt. Edward Tyng. He had twelve children. His dau. Rebecca m. 15 Sept. 1702, Samuel Sewall; Ann m. 16 Dec. 1707, John Winthrop; and Catherine m. 20 Apr. 1714, William Dummer. Freeman 1672; deputy 1673, 1674, and 1675; assistant 1676 to 1685. Commissioner of United Colonies 1677 to 1681. He visited England in 1682.
By a commission from King James II, dated 27 Sept. 1685, he was made President of New Eng- land, meaning Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, and the Narragansett country. He was appointed Chief Justice of the unconstitutional Superior Court in 1687 and fell into trouble in the revolution of 1689, being arrested and imprisoned in the castle as one of the friends of Sir Edmund Andros. He was sent to England with Andros.
He was Deputy Governor of the Isle of Wight for eight years under Lord Cutts, as Hutchinson, II, p. 86 shows. He came back to Massachusetts in 1702 with a commission as Captain General and Governor-in-chief of Massachusetts Bay, including Maine and New Hampshire, and served until November 1715 [N. E. Hist. & Gen. Register, vol. X, p. 337; Savage's Gen. Dict., vol. II, p. 76].
Mr. Joseph Dudley spent considerable time in Rehoboth during King Philip's War and was well known there. He was chaplain for the Massachusetts troops under command of Maj. Thomas Savage in the Mount Hope expedition, from 26 June to 19 July 1675, and was one of the signers of the Treaty of Peace made with the Narragansett Indians on 15 July 1675. John Hull's Journal shows that on 14 Sept. 1675 he was paid £8:11:04 for salary as chaplain on this expedition [Bodge, p. 91]. He served as chaplain with the Massachusetts forces in the Narragansett Swamp Fight at Petaquamscot on 19 Dec. 1675. He wrote two letters from Mr. Richard Smith's garrison to Gover- nor Leverett which are perhaps the most valuable extant official reports of this campaign. The first is dated 15 Dec. 1675 [Mass. Archives, vol. LXVIII, p. 101] and the second, 21 Dec. 1675 [Hutch- inson's Hist. of Mass., vol. I, p. 273]. Both these letters are printed in full by Bodge, p. 193.
* Bodge found that William Locke was the regular surgeon who went out with the army on 26 June [Mass. Archives, vol. LXIX, pp. 58, 60]. In John Hull's Journal Bodge discovered that for service under Major Savage, 28 September, Theophilus Frary, Commissary, received £3/4; Jacob Eliot, Commissary, 15s; and [ ] Toten, Chirurgeon £16. He said that this "Toten" was Dr. John Touton a Huguenot who at this time lived at Rehoboth, and that his service may be inferred in part from the following order in Mass. Archives, vol. LXVII, p. 221: "Mr. John Toton to take Peter Sympkins, Robert Smith and Isaac Ratt to attend him and goe for the reliefe of the wounded . . . and in case of their refusal you are required by the constables to send them forthwith to Capt. Hudson who is required to send them to Boston". Dated 22 July 1675 [Bodge, p. 91].
"Toten" or "Touton" is not a Rehoboth name and does not appear in any of the original records from 1643 to 1740.
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Early Rehoboth
tains Henchman, Prentice and Mosely numbered 260 men besides officers and teamsters, etc., which force, estimated in round numbers as 300 men, marched out of Boston on 26 June) [Bodge, p. 90].
A foot company, mounted as troopers,-Maj. Thomas Savage. This company consisted of 60 men [Letter of the Boston Merchant].
A foot company, mounted as troopers,-Capt. Nicholas Paige,* Lieut. John Whipple, and Cornet Thomas Noyce [Bodge, p. 85]. This company consisted of 60 men [Letter of the Boston Merchant]. Accompanying the companies of Major Savage and Captain Paige were six carts of provisions and supplies [Ibid.].
The contemporary historians have nothing to say about the very necessary commissary department of this army in the field, or how they were supplied and fed. There are few records for Plymouth Colony, but fortunately the Massachusetts Archives contain very complete records for the Massachusetts army.
At Boston, 28 June 1675, the Massachusetts Council's committee "imployd for this present Expedition against the Indians ordered to send the following provisions t aboard the Sloope Swanne whereof Samuel Woodbery is master to be sent for the supply of our forces viz+ 2000 weight of Bisket 40 barrels of pease in casks, 10 Barrels of Pork, 10 Kintalls of drye fish, 1 hogshead of Rumme, six jarrs of oyle, 4 barrels Raisons, 1 Barrel of Sugar, 1 hogshead of Salt, 1/4 cask of wine. Moreover you are to load aboard the Brigandine called the Joseph whereof Edward Winslow is master the like quan- tity of provisions as above expressed abating two barrels of Raisings & with two barrels of pouder on each vessel . . . you are also to take the bills of lading of these goods and to bee delivered to the commisaries of the Army Theopholus Frary and John Moss or either of them" [Mass. Archives, vol. LVII, p. 211; Bodge, p. 91].
Under the same date Edward Winslow, master of the Joseph, was ordered "forthwith as wind and weather will permit with your vessel to sail to Swansey or as near thereunto as you may and there deliver to Left. Theophilus Frary and John Morse Commissaries for this Colony and the forces (now) vnder the command of Major Thomas Savage all such provisions Armes &c now on board you for the use of the army. John Leveret, Gov"" [Mass. Archives, vol. L&VII, p. 211; Bodge, p. 92.]
The total provisions sent around the Cape by the sloop Swan, Samuel Woodbury master, and the brigantine Joseph, Edward Winslow master, to the Massachusetts Army at Swansea, were as follows: Biskett, 4000 lbs; pease, 80 bbls .; pork, 20 bbls .; drye fish, 20 kintalls (100 lbs.), equalled 2000 lbs .; rumme, 2 hogsheads; oyle, 12 jars; raisons, 6 bbls .; sugar, 2 bbls .; salt, 2 hogsheads; wine, 12 cask; and powder, 4 bbls.
* Captain Paige's wife was Anne, a granddaughter of Capt. Robert Keayne and niece to Mr. Joseph Dudley.
t A "Committee's estimate of what Provisions &c will serve 500 Souldiers one month: Biskett 15m, Porke 20 barrills, Beefe 30 barrills (or some think only Pork and send Salt), Bacon 10° wt., Cheese 10c; Stockings & Shooes 200 pr. each, Shirts and Draws 100 each, Wastcoats 50, walletts 100, 300 small baggs for each man to carry nokake; 300 bush oates; 100 bush barley; 50 bush Indian corne parched and beaten to nokake; 6 bar. pouder; 12 =+ shott; Flints 20et" [Mass. Archives, vol. LVIII, p. 135; Bodge, p. 92].
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The Massachusetts Military Expedition to Mount Hope
It will be noted that in the above cargoes there are no flints or shot listed. These probably came overland from Boston to Rehoboth on the six carts. According to the schedule, each soldier was allowed four spare flints and 4.4 lbs. of powder for thirty days service. If there were 400 men in the army, this would have called for 1600 spare flints and 1760 lbs. of shot.
On 5 July 1675 the Massachusetts Council sent a letter to the Con- necticut Council addressed to Gov. John Winthrop saying that at the request of Plymouth Colony "wee have accomidated them with ammunition and men, i.e., ab+ 80 troopers furnished with carbines & small musketts abt 100 dragoones & abt 100 foote soldjers so that with their attendance with waggons &c. yo whole may be neere 400 men also two vessels well fitted with men provisions & ammunition we have sent abt the Cape to accomidate all their necessityes so far as we could judge, &c." [Conn. Archives, War Doc. vol. I, Doc. 5; Bodge, p. 89].
In John Hull's Journal of Accounts are found the following mari- time disbursements, the first nine of which Bodge presumes are to the master and crew of the sloop Swanne and the rest probably the crew of the "Brigandine" Joseph of which Edward Winslow was master and Samuel Winslow of the crew, when on 24 July the Coun- cil ordered that "they be released from the Brigandine to come home" [Mass. Archives, vol. LXVII, p. 226; Bodge, p. 92].
20 August 1675-Maritime Disbursements Dr to Viz.
Samuel Woodbury *
03 00 01 Nath Phillips 01 10 00
Robert Breck
01 05 00 Henry Rock, als. Cock 01 10 00
Joshua Matson
01 10 00 William Cantrell 01 10 00
Nathaniel Gallop
02 00 00
William Christian 02 09 00
Thomas Alson 01 10 00
Nathaniel Huett 02 09 00
William Hascall 01 10 00
Redeemed Scott
02 09 00
Samuel Cross
02 16 00
Simon Daniel
02 09 00
John Kennedye, Als. Cannede
02 09 00
Thomas Norton 02 09 00
John Mane 02 02 00
John Ball
02 09 00
Edward Perkins 03 19 00
William Aldridg.
03 10 00
[John Hull's Journal of Accounts, Bodge, p. 92.]
The best and the most comprehensive contemporaneous account of the Massachusetts Expedition into Plymouth Colony, 26 June to 19 July 1675, is found in the following excerpts from William
* At a Council meeting held at Fort William Hendrick 26 May 1674, Capt. Cornelis Ewoutse, arriving that day with his Snow the Zechont, reported having captured, on the coast of New Eng- land, three small New England prizes. On the 1361 instant a sloop laden with grain and on the 1323 a sloop and a ketch laden with tobacco and "hath brought in the two sloopes and expects the ketch hourly and brought in the skippers of all three vessels".
Samuel Woodbury, of Swanzey, skipper of the sloop Swan, declared the sloop to be the property of himself and John Dixy's widow now residing at Swansy; that he loaded at Milfort and sailed thence on Thursday the 919 instant for Swansy and was taken by Capt. Cornelis Ewoutse near Prudence Island; declares the record of his cargo is in his chest on board the Swan and guesses that the cargo consists of 700 bushels of wheat, 60 or 70 bushels of pease, and 60 bushels of maize.
On 29 June 1674, by the Articles and Proclamations of Peace between the Crown of England and their High Mightiness The State's General of the United Netherlands published on the 6th March at the Hague, it is found that agreeably to said treaty of Peace the following vessels and cargoes be restored to their owners: Samuel Woodbury, skipper of the sloop Swan; Richard Patter- sol, skipper of the Egmond and Mathew; and William Lewis, skipper of the Ketch Prosperous". Done at Fort William Hendrick this 4 July 1674" [Colonial Hist. of New York, Holland Documents, vol. II (1858), pp. 716, 726, 727].
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Hubbard's Narrative. In footnotes will be found excerpts from the other contemporaneous histories written by Increase Mather and Capt. Benjamin Church; also, from the letters of the Merchant of Boston to his friend in London. The whole presents a consolidated printed record which has been checked with the original publica- tions in the John Carter Brown Library. Other explanatory notes have been added:
[18] "On the 26th of June a Foot-Company under Capt. Daniel Henchman, with a Troop under Capt. Thomas Prentice, were sent out of Boston * towards Mount Hope; it being late in the afternoon before they began to March, the central Eclipse of the Moon in Capric. hapned in the evening before they came up to Naponset River, about twenty miles from Boston, which occasioned them to make an halt, for a little repast, till the moon recovered her light again ... But after the Moon had waded through the dark shadow of the Earth, and borrowed her Light again, by the help thereof the two Companies marched on towards Woodcoks House,t thirty miles from Boston, where they arrived next morning; and there retarded their motion till the afternoon, in hope of being overtaken by a company of Voluntiers, under the Command of Captain Samuel Mosely, which accordingly came to pass; so as on June 28 they all arrived at Swanzy, where by the advice of Captain Cudworth the Commander in chief of Plimouth Forces, they were removed to the Head Quarters; which for that time were appointed at Mr. Miles his house, the Minister of Swanzy, within a quarter of a mile of the Bridge leading into Philips Lands.
"They arriving there some little time before night [28 June], twelve of the Troopers, unwilling to lose time, passed over the Bridge, for discovery into the Enemies Territories, where they found the rude welcome # of eight or ten
* Mather said: "Souldiers marched out of Boston towards Mount-Hope, June. 26th, and continued marching that night, when there hapned a great Eclipse of the Moon, which was totally darkned above an hour. Only it must be remem[4]bred, that some days before any Souldiers went out of Boston Commissioners were sent to treat with Philip, that so if possible ingaging in a War might be prevented. But when the Commissioners came near to Mount-Hope, they found divers English- men on the ground, weltering in their own blood, having been newly murthered by the Indians, so that they could not proceed further. Yea, the Indians killed a man of this Colony as he was travelling in the roade before such time as we took up arms: in which respect no man can doubt of the Justness of our cause, since the enemy did shed the blood of some of ours who never did them (our enemyes themselves being judges) the least wrong before we did at all offend them, or attempt any act of hostility towards them" [Mather's Brief History (Drake Ed., 1862), p. 56].
These commissioners mentioned by Mather were Capt. Thomas Savage and Mr. Brattle, sent from Massachusetts to Plymouth Colony to talk with Philip. The Massachusetts Council's letter sent to Connecticut under date of 28 June 1675 tells about their being sent "four days since to speak to Philip".
t Woodcock's place, owned by John Woodcock, was in the Rehoboth North Purchase lands about ten miles northeast of the Rehoboth "Ring of the Green". On 28 June 1647 the town gave John Woodcock the land originally allotted to Edward Patterson. Woodcock had grants of land in the Rehoboth North Purchase in 1666 and in 1668 and built his house there. During the war the house was fortified and used as a garrison; later as a tavern, and stood until 1806, when it was torn down to make way for a new building known for years as Hatch's Tavern. It was on the Boston and Providence Turnpike, in what is now Attleborough, near the Baptist Church. John Woodcock was made a freeman of Rehoboth in 1673.
į Mather said: "June 29th was a day of publick Humiliation in this Colony, appointed by the Council in respect of the war which is now begun. This morning our army would have ingaged with the enemy, The Indians shot the Pilot who was directing our souldiers in their way to Philips Countrey, and wounded several of our men, and ran into Swamps, rainy weather hindred a further pursuit of the Enemy. An awful Providence happened at this time: for a souldier (a stout man) who was sent from Watertown, seeing the English Guide slain, and hearing many profane oaths among some of our Souldiers (namely those Privateers, who were also Volunteers [Captain Mosley's company] and considering the unseasonableness of the weather was such, as that nothing could be done against the Enemy; this man was possessed with a strong conceit, that God was against the english, whereupon he immediately ran distracted, and so was returned home a lamentable Spectacle" [Mather's Brief History (Drake Ed., 1862), pp. 57, 58].
The distracted man mentioned by Mather appears to have been William Sherman of Watertown, for in October 1675 the Massachusetts court ordered "that Desire Sherman whose husband William
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The Massachusetts Military Expedition to Mount Hope
Indians firing upon them out of the Bushes, killing one William Hammond,* wounding Corporal Belcher, his Horse being also shot down under him; the rest of the said troopers having discharged upon those Indians that ran away after their first shot, carried off their two dead and wounded compan- ions, and so retired to the main Guard for that night, pitching in a Barricado about Mr. Miles his house. The enemy thought to have braved it out by a bold assault or two at the first; but their hearts soon began to fail them when they perceived the Massachusetts & Plimouth-Forces both engaged against them: for the next morning [29 June] they shouted twice or thrice, at half a miles distance, and nine or ten of them shewing themselves on this side the bridg: our Horsemen with the whole body of the Privateers under Captain Mosely, not at all daunted by such kind of Alarms, nor willing so to lose the Bridg, ran violently down upon them over the said Bridg, pursuing them a mile and a quarter on the other side:
"Ensign [19] Savage, t that young martial Spark, scarce twenty years of age [bapt. in 1652] had at that time one bullet lodged in his Thigh, another shot through the brim of his Hat, by ten or twelve of the Enemy discharging upon him together, while he boldly held up his Colours in the Front of his Company: but the weather not suffering any further action at that time, those that were thus far advanced, were compelled to retreat back to the main guard, having first made a shot upon the Indians as they ran away into a Swamp near by, whereby they killed five or six of them, as was under- stood soon after at Narhaganset: This resolute charge of the English-Forces upon the Enemy made them quit their place on Mount-hope that very night, where Philip was never seen after, till the next year, when he was by a divine Mandate sent back, there to receive the reward of his wickedness where he first began his mischief.
"The next day Major Savage (that was to command in chief over the Mas- sachusetts Forces, being come up with other Supplies about six a clock over night,) # the whole Body intended to march into Mount Hope, and there beat
Sherman, Jr., who fell distracted in the service of the country be allowed £20 towards relief of them and family" [Massachusetts Archives as cited by Drake].
* The first record we have of William Hammon is his signature, by mark, as a witness to King Philip's Quitclaim Deed to Rehoboth dated 13 Mar. 1667/8. The other witnesses were Tom Interpreter (probably Tom of Watchemoket), by mark, John Myles, Jr., John Landon, by mark, and Joseph Sabin.
At a Rehoboth town meeting held 12 Dec. 1670 it was agreed that "William Hammon for his encouragement to tary in the towne should have seven acres of land on the other side of the mill River against Samuel Carpenter and James Redway lot ... that if he goeth out of the town be- fore seven years be passed to resigne it up to the town but if he tary longer than seven years to be his owne" [Rehoboth Town Meetings, Book I, p. 190]. William Hammond had a daughter Eliza- beth, born in Rehoboth 24 Sept. 1673 (not 1661 as stated by Savage) [Rehoboth Vital Records, Book I, p. 37).
At a Rehoboth town meeting held 23 Jan. 1673/4 the town voted "that William Hammond should have liberty to exchange the Land that the town formerly granted him and have it at a place desired by him" [Rehoboth Town Meetings, Book I, p. 220]. The next mention of a William Hammon in Rehoboth was at a town meeting held 10 July 1714, when he was elected to serve on the jury of trials [Ibid., Book II, p. 159].
Savage mistakenly said that William Hammond was in Captain Prentice's troop and consequently may have been one of the volunteers from Cambridge or Dedham [Savage's Gen. Dict., vol. II, p. 348].
+ Ensign Peres Savage was in Capt. Daniel Henchman's company [Bodge, p. 52]; on 10 Dec. 1675 a lieutenant in Capt. Samuel Mosely's company [Bodge, p. 71]; and on 19 Dec. 1675 was severely wounded in the Narragansett Swamp Fight. He never married and after the war went to England where he carried on trade with Spain. He died at Mequinez, in Barbary, before 1695. He was the son of Maj. Thomas Savage and Faith, dau. of William and Ann (Marbury) Hutchinson. See ante, p. 58.
# The merchant of Boston writing to his friend in London under date of 10 Nov. 1675 said: "The Authority of Boston made Captain Thomas Savage the Major General in the Expedition, who with sixty Horse and as many Foot went out of Boston; having prest Horses for the Footman, and six Carts to carry Provisions with them: Whereof Mr. John Morse was Commissary General abroad and Mr. Nathanial Williams Commissary at Home: They traveled day and night till they came to their Garrisons and within three days after, marched Horse and Foot (leaving Guards in the Garrisons) towards Mount Hope where King Philip and his Wife was; they came upon him at unawares, so that Philip was forced to rise from Dinner, and he and all with him fled out of the Land, called Mount Hope, up further into the Country; they persued them as far as they could go
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Early Rehoboth
up the Enemies quarters, or give him Battel, if he durst abide it: but the weather being doubtful, our Forces did not march till near noon, about which time they set out, with a Troop of Horse in each wing, to prevent the danger of the Enemies Ambuscadoes; after they had marched about a mile and a half, they passed by some Houses newly burned : not far off one of them they found a Bible newly torn, and the leaves scattered about by the Enemy, in hatred of our Religion therein revealed; two or three miles further they came up with some Heads, Scalps, and Hands cut off from the bodies of some of the English, and stuck upon Poles near the Highway, in that barbarous and inhuman manner bidding us Defiance:
"The Commander in Chief giving Order that those monuments of the Enemies cruelty should be taken down, and buried: the whole body of the Forces still marched on, two miles further, where they found divers Wigwams of the Enemy, amongst which were many things scattered up and down, arguing the hasty flight of the Owners; Half a mile further, as they passed through many Fields of stately Corn, they found Philips own Wigwam; every place giving them to perceive the Enemies hasty departure from thence; after they had marched two miles further they came to the Sea side, yet in all this time meeting with no Indians, nor any sign of them, unless of their flight to some other places .* The season like to prove very tempestu-
for Swamps and killed fifteen or sixteen in the Expedition, and returned . ." [Drake's Old Indian Chronicle (1836), p. 11].
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