USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Needham > History of Needham, Massachusetts, 1711-1911 : including West Needham, now the town of Wellesley, to its separation from Needham in 1881, with some reference to its affairs to 1911 > Part 17
USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Wellesley > History of Needham, Massachusetts, 1711-1911 : including West Needham, now the town of Wellesley, to its separation from Needham in 1881, with some reference to its affairs to 1911 > Part 17
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58
MR. TOWNSEND'S MINISTRY
Mr. Townsend's letter is of considerable length, dignified and well written, but according to the copy in our town book he dated it new style, which is unlikely. He was then only twenty-two years old, a native of Lynn, and a graduate
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THE HISTORY OF NEEDHAM
from Harvard College in the class of 1716. This letter was read to the town February 3, and a committee of eight was chosen to advise with Mr. Townsend and Mr. Belcher as to the day for the ordination, and to inform the people when Mr. Townsend "will come to dwell among us". Any one familiar with the records can guess very closely the mem- bership of the committees appointed at this period by the town to deal with either Church or secular affairs. The eight included, almost as a matter of course, Capt. Fisher, Lieut. Cook, Benjamin Mills, Sr., and Timothy Kingsbery. On February 25, 1720, there was a town meeting to plan for the ordination. In addition to those who took part, a number of ministers were guests of the town, and Benjamin Mills, Jr., and Jeremiah Woodcock arranged with the Rev- erend Elders. John Fisher, Lieut. Cook, John Smith, Sr., John Rice, Josiah Kingsbery, Thomas Metcalf and Timothy Kingsbery were the general committee to take charge of the ordination.
The following is verbatim from the original Church book written by Mr. Townsend: -
Jonathan Townfend's Chh. Book.
th Bought May 19, 1720.
s. d. Pret: 2/ 6.
The new style took place Sep! 2. 1752- when eleven days were omitted - and ye next day was called Sep: 13- Title Page.
THE RECORDS OF The CHURCH of CHRIST in NEEDHAM
Kept by Jonathan Townfend for his own Service, Ufe, & Satiffaction. - 1720 .- Acts 16.4. And they delivered them the decrees for to keep &c: 2 Chron : 15.12. And they en- tred into a Covenant to feek the Lord God of their Fathers,
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THE HISTORY OF NEEDHAM
with all their heart, & with all their Soul: 14. And they fware unto the Lord -. Jer. 50.5. They Shall afk the way to Zion with their faces thitherward, faying, Come and let us joyn our felves to the Lord in a perpetuall Covenant that fhall not be forgotten.
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Records. Annales Needhamenfes Ecclefiafticae. The Church = Covenant.
Wee whofs Names are hereunto fubfcribed apprehending our Selves called of God to join together in Church=Commun- ion do acknowledge our unworthinefs of fuch a priviledge and our inability to keep Covenant with God, or to perform any Spirituall Duty unlefs Chrift shall enable us thereunto, and in humble Dependance on free grace for Divine Afsift- ance and Acceptance, wee do now thankfully lay hold on his Covenant, and would choofs the Things that pleafe him. Wee declare our Serious Belief of the Chriftian Re- ligion, as contained in the Sacred Scriptures, and with fuch a View thereof as the Confefsion of Faith in our Churches has exhibited; heartily refolving to conform our lives unto the Rules of that Holy Religion as long as wee live in the World. Wee give up our Selves unto the Lord Jehovah who is Father, Son, & Holy Spirit; and avouch him this Day to be our God, our Father, our Saviour, & our Leader, and receive him as our Portion. Wee give up our Selves unto the Blefsed Jefus who is the Lord Jehovah, and adhere to him as the Head of his Church, and rely on him as our Prophet, Prieft and King to bring us unto eternall Glory. Wee acknowledge our indifpenfible Obligations to glorify our God in all the Duties of a Godly, Sober, and a Righteous Life; and particularly in the Duties that we ought to dif- charge as in a Church-State, and as a Body of people afso- ciated for an Obedience unto him and an Enjoyment of him in all the Ordinances of the Gofpell: and wee therefore depend upon his gracious afsiftances for our faithfull Dif-
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THE HISTORY OF NEEDHAM
charge of the Duties thus incumbent on us. Wee do alfo give our Selves to one another in the Lord, defiring, intending and (with dependance upon help from on high) engaging and covenanting to walk together as a Church of Chrift in the Faith and Order of the Gofpell as far as wee fhall have the Same revealed unto us: Confcientioufly attending the Word of God, the Sacraments of the New Testament, the Difcipline of his Kingdom and all his Holy Inftitutions in Communion with one another; lovingly watching over one another and watchfully avoiding all finfull ftumbling- blocks and contentions as becomes a people whom the Lord has bound up together in a Bundle of Life. Att the fame time wee alfo prefent our offspring with us unto the Lord, purpofing with his help to do our part in the Methods of a Religious education, that they may be the Lords. And all this wee do flying to the blood of the Everlafting Covenant for the pardon of our many Sins; and praying that the Glo- rious Lord who is the Great Shepherd would delight to dwell in the midft of us, and prepare & ftrengthen us for every good Work to do his Will, working in us that which will be well pleafing to him. To be glory for ever & ever. Amen. Needham. March 18. 1719/20.
Jonathan Townfend Paftor.
William Mills
Deacon John Pain Jun!
Samuell Wilfon
Jonathan Parker
Benjamin Mills Jun.
John Fifher
Deacon Jeremiah Woodcock
Stephen Hunting
Thomas Metcalfe
Samuell Bacon
Deacon Timothy Kingsbury
Jofiah Newell
Jofeph Boyden
Nathanaell Tolman
Deacon Eleazar Kingsbury 1
Jofeph Barber
1 In the book all these signers are starred except Dea. Eleazer Kingsbery, who outlived Mr. Townsend, and died January 27, 1767. Lydia Metcalf, who died December 18, 1770, aged ninety-three years, was the last survivor of the first female members, although Deliverance Parker died March II, 1770, aged ninety- nine years.
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Benjamin Mills Sen!
John Pain Sen! Robert Cook
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THE HISTORY OF NEEDHAM
E vivis cefserunt Stelligeri Needham. March 20. 1719/20. - This Day the Rever- end M! Jofeph Belcher Paftor of ye Church of Chrift in Dedham came to gather the Church in Town abovefd. He preach'd all day, after prayer after Sermon in the Afternoon he read the Probations of Lieut: Rob. Cook. Sam !! Bacon, Joseph Boyden, & W" Mills who were then gathered with us into our Number, though they never were in full Communion with any Church before. Then my difmifsion from Lynn, Timothy Kingfbury's from ye old South Church in Bofton and Jon. Parkers from old Roxbury were read, then the Covenant was read that was fign'd 2 days before by 20 perfons, & wee declar'd a Church of Chrift which we were not before. after this M: Belcher pray'd for a Blefsing upon us in a short [illegible] prayer. Wee Sang Stanza in Pf: 135. The Proclamation for a Solomn publick [line illegible]
Page 2 Annales Needhamenfes Ecclefiafticae.
March 23. 1719/20. I was ordained a Paftor of the Church of Chrift in Needham by the Reverend Mefsieurs Joseph Belcher of Dedham, Joseph Baxter of Medfield, John Swift of Framingham & Willm Williams of Weftown. Mr Belcher gave mee my Charge, & Mr Baxter the Right hand of Fellowfhip, in the Name & at the defire of the Churches that were prefent by their Delegates. M: Cotton of Newtown with his Church were fent to & accordingly came, but there not being room in the Pulpit for him, he acted nothing in the matter of my Ordination. NB I preach'd from Rom: I.15.16.
June 19, 1720. Wee received to our Number & Commun- ion, our Sifters [Married & unmarried] that were difmifsed from the refpective Churches they belong'd to. Thefe were Rebecca Fifher, Abigail Smith, Dorothy Dewing, Submit Cook, Sarah Kingfbury, Mercy Parker, Mary Woodcock, Lydia Metcalf, Lydia Ockinton, Sarah Tombling, Mary Barber,
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THE HISTORY OF NEEDHAM
Anne Pain, Sufanna Dewing, Sufanna Kingfbury, Rebecca Hunting, Elizabeth Wilfon, & Sufanna Pain from Dedham, Deliverance Parker from Newton & Hannah Parker from Roxbury.
On the fame Day the Congregation joyned with the Church in contributing fomthing to defray our Charges in providing Vefsells, linnen &c. [necefsary things] for the Lords Table. & a bout 6- 10. was gathered, or £5 = 98 = 0
July 3, 1720 The Ordinance of the Lords Supper was firft admiftred in this Church of Chrift: Wee had near or about 50 Communicants, a few befides our felves, twas a comfortable fight, a pretty Show, confidering our infancy. The Lord increafs us both in Number & holinefs. On the fame day Deacon Timothy Kingfbury's Daughter Ruth was baptized.
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Aug. 7. 1720. I propof'd to the Church (before the Con- gregation) the having the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper adminftred once in Six Weeks, & I took their Silence for a confent to and compliance with the Propofall.
On April 20, 1720, Thomas Metcalf and Josiah Newell were chosen deacons, but as they both declined the choice was made, on May 17, of Jeremiah Woodcock and Timothy Kingsbery. Deacon Woodcock resigned January 7, 1729/30, because it was "not agreeable to the mind of the Church that the Deacons be ordain'd", and Eleazer Kingsbery succeeded him on February 4.
Both Kingsberys were deposed on January 9, 1746/7; Eleazer's offence was that he "went over to ye Anabaptists". The same day Josiah Newell, Jr., Joshua Ellis and John Fisher, Jr., were elected deacons. Deacon Ellis lived in the Springfield Parish, Dover, and in 1758 assisted to organize a Church there. Deacon Newell resigned November 21, 1783, and Deacon Fisher died October 17, 1788.
Isaac Shepard was chosen November 21, 1783, and died August 22, 1819. Col. William McIntosh served from April
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THE HISTORY OF NEEDHAM
19, 1790 to November 22, 1803, when he resigned. Lieut .- Col. Silas Alden, irreverently known as "Old Growl", was elected in his place, and died in office February 22, 1826.
Zachariah Cushman was deacon from September 21, 1819, to his death June II, 1826, and George Fisher from Septem- ber 21, 1819, to his decease, November 13, 1845. Newell Smith was chosen deacon May 31, 1822, but declined, although he bore the title until his death, October 10, 1866. He was sometimes called "Deacon Could Be", but the town records give him the title without qualification. Jon- athan Newell was deacon from August 25, 1822, until he died on July 8, 1853, the Rev. Daniel Kimball, A.M., Sep- tember I, 1826 to June 3, 1859, when he resigned, Capt. Elisha Lyon from September 1, 1826 to May 19, 1849, when he resigned, Thomas Kingsbury, Esq., and Timothy Daniell were chosen in July, 1849; Deacon Kingsbury died May 14, 1859, and Deacon Daniell March 5, 1894, his resigna- tion of August 5, 1859, never having been accepted, although his later years were passed in Roxbury. Alvin Fuller and George Gay Stevens were elected deacons June 3, 1859; the former's resignation was accepted June I, 1872, as he had joined the new Unitarian Society in Grantville, and Deacon Stevens died November 30, 1875. Otis Morton was deacon from June I, 1872, to his decease, June 2, 1890. The Dedham Historical Register for 1892 contains an account of the deacons of this Church, contributed by George Kuhn Clarke.
"Oct: 7: 1730. At a Chh. Meeting at My Houfe. After Prayer. Voted, That Deacon Woodcock pay in speedily to Deacon Timothy Kingsbury the money in his hands, viz .: 20 Shillings which M: Mayhew gave to the Chh, and the ouer- plus of the Chh's Contribution, viz .: 138 = Id., or 148 =9d .. or thereabouts, to buy a Flagon, No usury to be paid". On August 20, 1738, the Church and congregation contributed at a special service £12 for "Sacramental Vefsels". "At a Chh: Meeting at my House, April. 6. 1741. Voted alfo,
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That it is the expectation & desire of the Chh that the Deacons procure the Baptifmal Water. But Deacon Eleazar Kingfbury then fignifi'd that he refus'd to do it".
On April 6, 1741, the Church voted to have a contribu- tion of the Church members of at least one shilling each "'ye next Sacrament Day", and of six pence each on every other "Sacrament Day" for a year "to provide the Sacra- mental Elements". Days of "Fasting and Prayer" were occasionally observed, particularly when religion seemed at a low ebb, or illness was prevalent. There were six, or more, of these fasts from 1727 to 1744, and the record of a few of them will illustrate the spirit that inspired their observance.
"June, 14. 1727. We, the Church & Congregation in this Place, observed a Day of Fasting and Prayer to afk for y: outpourings of ye Spirit of grace on the rising Generation, & the revival of decaying Religion. M: - Dexter began with prayer in ye forenoon, M; Peabody preach'd from Matt: 17. 21. Mr Baxter began with ee prayer in the Afternoon, & I preach'd from Deut: 30.6." On November 21, of the same year there was a "Town-Fast, occafioned by the Earth- quake (Oct: 29. 1727.)"
"Nov: 16. 1743. A Fast was observ'd in this Town upon the acct of the low and languishing circumstances of divers perfons among us; Some having been ill for fundry months, & others for divers years, and Phyficians proving of little or no value to 'em. M: Dexter preach'd A. M. from Pfal: 119. 92. and M: Peabody P. M. from Job: 5.8."
"Sept: 12. 1744. We in this Place obferv'd a Town-Fast, occasioned by Sicknefs both inflicted & threatened. M. Tyler pray'd A. M, M: Walter preach'd from John: 9. 4. I pray'd P. M. & M! Peabody preach'd from Num: 16. 46."
The substance of an able plea, made at a town meeting, by Mr. Townsend in behalf of the Scotch-Irish is recorded on the last page of the Church book, and is dated February 18, 1723/4. To the credit of our town no attempt was made to expel these immigrants, who had left home to find
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freedom of worship, and many of whom became valued citizens here. In some other towns they had fared ill, and had been driven from place to place.
Mr. Townsend had a taste for chronicling events, and for forty-two years he faithfully kept the records of the Church in a neat, but minute hand, recording two hundred and thirty-eight admissions to the Church, two hundred and nineteen marriages, one thousand and thirty baptisms, and the births and deaths.1 Few baptisms were recorded during the vacancy in the pulpit, which followed Mr. Townsend's ministry. Mr. West, however, chronicled one hundred and seven admissions to the Church, one hundred and fifty-three marriages and three hundred and fifty-nine baptisms for 1764-88. The total number of baptisms recorded in the books of this Church to 1905 is about two thousand. The old Church records contain the usual accounts of Church meetings, the election of delegates to attend ordinations and installations, cases of Church discipline, and public confes- sions of what was called a violation of the Seventh Com- mandment, although technically the offence was seldom so serious. Perhaps the sinners afforded as much edification as the saints when confessions were in order. Mr. Townsend used Latin in the records when it seemed desirable to do so. He was highly esteemed by the community, and his services were often required in ecclesiastical councils, sometimes at a considerable distance. His skill as a peacemaker was recognized, and the following extract from the Church records will illustrate an application of it at home when there was
1 It is unfortunate that his record of births, five hundred and forty-seven in number, and of deaths is lost for the years 1720-48. The first birth in existing records is numbered five hundred and forty-eight; he did not, however, give the name of the child in every instance.
This record of births and deaths, together with the marriages to 1811, including some from the town books, and all of the baptisms to 1849, were prepared for the press by George Kuhn Clarke, and appeared in the New England Historical and Genealogical Register in the years 1901-3. There were eighteen hundred and fifty- three baptisms. The "Baptisms recorded by the Ministers, or Clerks, of the Church in the West Precinct in Needham, 1798-1849," numbered four hundred and seven, and the record of them was copied by Mr. Clarke, and appeared in the Ded- ham Historical Register in 1901.
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a serious quarrel between the two leading citizens of the town.
"March, 29. 1736. This Day We the following perfons, Jonathan Townfend, Jeremiah Woodcock, Timothy Kings- bury, Eleazar Kingfbury, Thomas Metcalf, Jofiah Newel, Henry Prat, Benoni Woodward, Zechariah Mills, & Samuel Parker, having heard what Capt: Cook, & Capt. Fisher had to fay respecting the feveral matters of difference and difpute between them, They agreed to leave it with us, and fit down and abide by our advice and determination in the matter, and after fome difcourfe among our felves we united and concurr'd unanimously in ye following opinion and advice to 'em, viz: 'We, fome of y: Brethren of ye Chh here, having heard what Capt: Cook, & John Fisher Esqr have to fay about all paft matters of difference between them, do declare it to be our opinion that every paft difficulty and uneafinefs be forgiven and pafsed by by them, and we advife the faid contending brethren to bury all their differences in one com- mon grave of forgetfulnefs, and for the time to come to live and act together as brethren and Christians ought to do.' This advice they both thank'd us for, and accepted of: after this we fang Pfal: 133. I call'd for a Tankard of Drink, and drank to both the heretofore contending, but now recon- ciled brethren, wifhing & praying, that y. peace of God which pafses all understanding might keep their hearts and minds thro' Christ Jesus, and that they, and all of us, for the time to come mi't live and act together in love and peace that the God of love and peace might be with us, to which Capt: Cook faid, Amen. I gave the Tankard into Capt: Cook's hand, he drank himfelf, and drank to Capt: Fisher, we all drank, et fic finitur, so the matter ended."
From the warrant for the town meeting on May 20, 1754, it appears that Mr. Townsend had written a letter and wanted a grant of £66, 13s., 4d. "for my yearly Sup- port for the future & allow me intreft for the Fourty pounds granted three years ago as an Arrearage. If this Shou'd
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pafs in the affirmative well But if it Shou'd pafs in the Negotive Then whether the Town be willing to make up former Deficiencies to the amount of Sixty six pounds thirteen shillings & four pence for each year Viz. for the years 1750: 51: 52: & 53. This I expect Shou'd pafs in the affirmative & then the Town may expect that it will be there Bufinefs to Seek for Some other perfon to Supply the place of Minister here for the future". Undoubtedly Mr. Townsend's original letter was much better as a composi- tion than the article in the warrant. The Town voted "no" on the question of a salary of £66, but voted to make the £901 as good as a like sum was in 1720 "according to the Vallow of Silver". On May 23, 1757, the town declined Mr. Townsend's "Perpofels", whatever they were.
Mr. Townsend was a serious, dignified minister of the old school, but had tact, and held the affections of his people to the end. It is true the peace of the Church was inter- rupted about 1746, when some parishioners began to hear lay preachers, usually illiterate, and to seek "new lights".2 Mr. Townsend wrote in the Church records "On Nov: 16. 1748. A Chh=Meeting was attended at the Meeting- Houfe, y: defign of which was ye reftoration and establifh- ment of peace among us, if pofsible,-But fome of the difsat- isfied Brethren rigidly infisting on leave and liberty to have illiterate Teachers among them, and to feperate from us when, and as often as they wou'd, the Meeting was broke up without obtaining the defired end. But James Smith desired to be reunited to us,".
At this period the minister's salary was in arrears, as it
1 According to the records Mr. Townsend's original salary was £80, and yet the amount is clearly stated as £9o in 1754.
? The New England Historic Genealogical Society has an original letter, dated June 12, 1747, and addressed to Mr. Townsend by the following malcontents, viz.,- "Eleazer Kingsbery Timothy Kingsbery James Smith John Kingsbery Nath: Tole- man Jo"htan Smith unr william Ockinton Archabell Smith."
The letter refers to the election of new deacons, and charges the minister with neglect. On June 23 a Church meeting was held to consider these "matters of uneafinefs," and a committee was chosen to answer the disaffected.
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was difficult to collect the rates voted for him. The depre- ciation of the currency complicated matters, but the people never questioned Mr. Townsend's right to the equivalent of the £90 originally agreed upon. There were votes from year to year in reference to his salary, and to the ultimate payment of arrears. When the town met August 26, 1762, Mr. Townsend was ill, and October 14 a rate of £18 was voted to pay his funeral expenses; the town had supplied the pulpit for some weeks. On March 16, 1764, Ensign Eliakim Cook, Josiah Newell, Esq., and Michael Metcalf were appointed to make a final settlement with the heirs of Mr. Townsend, which they did March 10, 1766, when £16, Ios., 62d. was paid, discharging in full all obligations, including gratuities.
Mr. Townsend died September 30, 1762, in the sixty-fifth year of his age and the forty-third of his ministry, and was buried in the old graveyard near his home. His house was built in 1720, and is now the residence of the writer, but has been much changed. In Mr. Townsend's time it lacked the southerly quarter, and the porches at the north and west. It had a pitched roof, or rather two such roofs at right angles, the east chimney was on the easterly side of the parlor, and the windows had "diamond panes". The alterations of the interior have been numerous, but the northerly and westerly rooms have either remained prac- tically unchanged, or have been restored by uncovering the old ceilings, and by putting ancient material, such as the oven door, back into its place. It is said that from the estate of his father-in-law, Capt. Gregory Sugars, Mr. Townsend got some money which enabled him to build this house. Captain Sugars commanded a squadron of thirteen sail, the largest of the squadrons, in the expedition against Canada in 1690. The land, eight acres, was probably bought from the heirs of Thomas Aldridge of Dedham. Mr. Townsend also owned twenty and one quarter acres of outlands, partly on North Hill, including where Charles Kingsbury Cutter
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and Francis Hinckley now live. Mr. Townsend had seven children and a grandson born in the house that he built, and in which he dwelt for more than forty years, and where he and his wife and one daughter died. His eldest son, Jonathan (Harvard College 1741, A.M.), was the minister at Medfield, and the second son, Samuel, was prominent in Needham until about 1789, when he removed to Tyringham, Mass., where he died September 11, 1822, aged ninety- four years. In 1790 Samuel Townsend sold to John Clap for £210 his farm of fifty-five acres, with a house on the north side of what is now High Rock Street, near South Street, and with a barn and corn-barn on the south side of the road. Also "my Hornstall so called", three acres of meadow "near great Causey", and an undivided half of twenty acres that he owned with Eliphalet Kingsbery in Broad Meadow.
Gregory, the youngest of the three sons, was loyal in the Revolution, fled to the British dominions north, and never returned, but lived in Halifax, and died there in 1798 or 1799. It is only in recent years that our historians have recognized the high character and great sacrifices made by the Loyalists or Tories at the time of the Revolution. While Continental Europe was still under feudal and despotic rule, Great Britain was comparatively free, and the Americans enjoyed more liberties than any other subjects of the British Crown. Open rebellion, even when petty grievances involved great principles, seemed desperate and foolhardy to many Ameri- cans, especially to those of education and social position. They thought the chances of successful resistance small, which would probably have been the case had the mother country been able to exert her full strength, unhampered by opposition at home, and by the necessity of employing troops and ships elsewhere. That there were some Loyalists in Needham, besides old Captain Faris, may be inferred from a sketch, written long ago, of the life of the Rev. Samuel West, D.D., Mr. Townsend's successor.
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Six of Mr. Townsend's sermons were published, and the writer has seen some in manuscript. Those printed are: I. Two on the annual Fast, March 21, 1727/8. 2. Two on the deaths of Solomon Cook and Samuel Kingsbury, who were drowned in Boston Harbor, preached May 13, 1737. 3. One on the death of Thomas Gardner, Jr., killed by lightning, preached April 4, 1746. 4. One at the annual Convention of Ministers in Boston, June 1, 1758.
FROM THE DECEASE OF MR. TOWNSEND TO THE SETTLEMENT OF MR. WEST
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