USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Marlborough > History of the town of Marlborough, Middlesex county, Massachusetts, from its first settlement in 1657 to 1861; with a brief sketch of the town of Northborough, a genealogy of the families in Marlborough to 1800 > Part 26
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Abraham Williams, 1740, 45. John Warren, 1740, 42, 44-46. James Woods, 1740, 43, 53. Jonathan Barnes, 1740, 50, 56-59. John Banister, 1741, 48, 50, 52, 54.
283
Jabez Ward, 1744. Andrew Rice, 1746, 47, 55.
Ephraim Brigham, 1747, 59-63, 65, 68. John Eager, 1752. Noah Church, 1754-58, 60-63.
Peter Bent, 1754, 64-67, 69-72, 75. Hezekiah Maynard, 1757, 64. Robert Baker, 1758.
Nathan Goodale, 1760-62, 68.
Samuel Stow, 1762-68, 70, 71, 78, 80. Joseph Hapgood, 1766. Edward Barnes, 1767, 69, 70, 72-74, 76, 77, 81, 86, 89-98.
Winslow Brigham, 1769, 73-77, 81, 82, 84-86, 88.
Francis Weeks, 1771, 72.
Asa Brigham, 1773, 74.
Paul Brigham, 1775, 76. Alpheus Woods, 1775, 78, 83. Ebenezer Rice, 1777, 79.
Silas Jewell, 1778, 80. William Boyd, 1779. Jonathan Temple, 1779. John W. Woods, 1780. Joseph Williams, 1781. Joel Riee, 1782-84. Archelaus Felton, 1783-91, 93-98. Benjamin Rice, 1785, 87. Jabez Bent, 1787. Uriah Brigham, 1788. Jonathan Weeks, 1789. John Loring, 1790-93, 99-1802.
Daniel Brigham, 1794-99. William Barnes, 1797. Silas Felton, 1799-1803, 1805-25, 28. Aaron Brigham, 1800-6, 10.
Silas Gates, 1803, 4, 10. Jedediah Brigham, 1804, 8. William Stow, 1805-7. John Stevens, 1807-9, 11-21. John Loring, 1809, 11-15. Silas Temple, 1816-19. Stephen Rice, 1820. Samuel Warren, 1820, 21, 25. Eli Rice, 1822, 23, 27.
Truman Stow, 1823, 24, 26, 29-31. Levi Bigelow, 1824-39, 41, 42. Stephen Pope, 1826, 27, 34, 35. William Barnes, 1828-33, 38, 39, 42, 44, 45, 52-56.
Mark Fay, 1832-41, 43.
Stephen Morse, 1836, 37, 40, 46-50, 58-60. Edward Wilkins, 1840.
Ebenezer Witt, 1841, 42, 44-48, 50, 52-59.
William H. Wood, 1843.
David Goodale, 1843.
William F. Barnard, 1844. Emerson Howe, 1845.
Stephen R. Phelps, 1846, 47. Jabez Huntington, 1848. Charles Brigham, 1849.
William Gibbon, 1849, 52-54, 57-59.
Jabez S. Witherbee, 1850. Aaron Brigham, 1852. Dwight Witt, 1852. Edward A. Gay, 1855. Samuel B. Maynard, 1856. William Wilson, 1857. Levi Bigelow, 1860. B. F. Underhill, 1860.
List of Representatives to the General Court, from the Town of Marlborough, from its Incorporation to the present day. In the early part of its history, the Town sometimes neglected to send a Representative.
William Ward, 1666. Samuel Ward, 1679. Abraham Williams, 1679-82, 91, 93-96. Joseph Rice, 1683. Obadiah Ward, 1689, 90. Henry Kerley, 1689, 93, 1703. John Brigham, 1689, 92. John Barnes, 1692.
Samuel Brigham, 1697-99, 1705. Thomas Howe, 1700, 1, 4, 6, 11, 13, 17-19. Thomas Beaman, 1707, 8, 12. Peter Riee, 1709-11, 14, 20, 21, 28-30. Thomas Rice, 1715, 16. William Ward, 1722. Caleb Rice, 1723-25, 27.
284
Nathan Brigham, 1726, 30. John Sherman, 1731, 32. Joseph Rice, 1733-36, 39. Ebenezer Witt, 1737. Samuel Brigham, 1741. Samuel Witt, 1745-49, 51-60, 62-70.
James Woods, 1750. John Warren, 1761, 63.
Peter Bent, 1771-75.
George Brigham, 1776, 77, 81.
Edward Hunter, 1777.
Paul Brigham, 1777.
Simon Stow, 1778-82.
Winslow Brigham, 1783, 84. Edward Barnes, 1787, 92-98. Jonas Morse, 1790.
William Morse, 1791.
Jonathan Weeks, 1800-2.
Daniel Brigham, 1803, 10, 12-19.
John Loring, 1804-8, 12-14.
Ephraim Barber, 1810, 11.
Samuel Gibbon, 1817. Joel Cranston, 1820, 21. Silas Felton, 1822, 24, 25. Daniel Stevens, 1828-31, 33. Eli Rice, 1830, 34-36. Levi Bigelow, 1831, 32, 34, 39. Sylvester F. Bucklin, 1835, 36. Isaac Hayden, 1837, 39-41. Ezekiel Bruce, 1840, 42. Abel Rice, 1843, 44. Lambert Bigelow, 1845.
David Goodale, 1847, 48. Obadiah W. Albee, 1849, 51, 61.
Francis Brigham, 1850, 52. Abraham W. Rice, 1854. Lewis T. Frye, 1855. Hollis Loring, 1856, 57.
Leonard E. Wakefield, 1858. John Phelps, 1859. Horatio Alger, 1860. O. W. Albee, 1861.
State Senators from Marlborough.
Joel Cranston, 1813. Stephen Pope, 1837. Obadiah W. Albee, 1857.
Delegates to the Provincial Congress.
Peter Bent, Edward Barnes,
George Brigham.
Delegates to the Convention for Framing the Constitution, 1779-80.
Edward Barnes, Moses Woods,
Winslow Brigham.
Delegates to the Convention to Ratify the Constitution of the United States. Jonas Morse, Benjamin Sawin.
Delegate to the Convention in 1820, to Revise the Constitution of Massachusetts. Joel Cranston.
Delegate to the Convention in 1853, to Revise the Constitution of Massachusetts. Isaac Hayden.
285
Committees of Correspondence.
1772-75. Hezekiah Maynard,
1779.
1781.
Edward Barnes,
Josiah Stow,
Alpheus Woods,
Jonathan Temple,
Silas Barnes,
Edward Barnes,
Robert Hunter,
Thomas Rice,
Benjamin Sawin,
William Hager,
Jonas Morse.
Solomon Bowker.
1779.
Jonas Temple,
1782. Josiah Stow,
Benjamin Sawin,
HIeman Stow,
Silas Barnes,
John Sawin,
Samuel Curtis,
John Howe,
William Boyd.
Luther Howe.
1780.
Silas Bayley,
Samuel Curtis,
Nathan Mann,
Benjamin Sawin, Jonathan Weeks, Joel Brigham,
Jonathan Temple, William Boyd, John Stow.
John Loring.
List of the Deacons of the Churches, stating the time of their election and death, as far as they are known.
FIRST CHURCH.
William Ward, elected 1666 ; died August 10, 1687. John Ruddocke, elected 1687 ; died January 29, 1693. Edward Rice, elected 1687 ; died August 15, 1752. John Woods, elected September, 1704 ; died April 5, 1716. Joseph Newton, elected June 1, 1710 ; died September 24, 1727. James Woods, elected August 9, 1716 ; died August 7, 1718.
Caleb Rice, elected March 12, 1718 ; died January 5, 1739, aged 72. Thomas Keyes, elected June 17, 1726 ; died August 25, 1742. John Barnes, elected April 17, 1729 ; died April 5, 1752. Samuel Stevens, elected May 22, 1741 ; died December 6, 1761. James Woods, elected May 22, 1741 ; died April 10, 1772. Andrew Rice, elected October 14, 1742 ; died January 15, 1775, aged 72. Joseph Tainter, elected August 18, 1742 ; died February 19, 1764, aged 76. Daniel Barnes, elected May 26, 1762 ; died March 24, 1775, aged 73. Samuel Stow, elected October 17, 1770 ; died January 12, 1808, aged 89. Simon Stow, elected October 17, 1770 ; died December 16, 1795, aged 73. Thomas Howe, elected March 20, 1776 ; died Samuel Howe, elected July 3, 1794 ; died July 31, 1820, aged 71. Abner Goodale, elected July 3, 1794 ; died May 16, 1823, aged 68.
37
William Boyd, Jonas Morse, Jr. Daniel Harrington, Samuel Curtis.
1776, 77. Edward Barnes, Paul Brigham.
William Morse, Moses Woods, Gershom Ricc.
1778.
286
Josiah Howe, elected September 21, 1796 ; died January 15, 1827, aged 78. Jonathan Hapgood, elected October 17, 1821 ; died April 12, 1849, aged 90. David Goodale, elected September 15, 1823 ; died October 17, 1858, aged 67. Ezekiel Bruce, elected March 13, 1827 ; died November 7, 1860, aged 76. William E. Tidd, elected December 16, 1836 ; dismissed May 2, 1851. John E. Curtis, elected April 5, 1855. Rufus Howe, elected July 2, 1858.
WEST CHURCH.
Benjamin Rice, elected April 28, 1808 ; died September 24, 1833.
William Barnes, elected April 28, 1808 ; died March 7, 1823. Moses Ames, elected April 28, 1808 ; died January 24, 1825. Eli Rice, elected May 15, 1823 ; resigned October 31, 1849. Stephen R. Phelps, elected September 22, 1825. Abraham W. Rice, elected October 31, 1849.
Dennis Witherbee, elected December 27, 1849.
UNIVERSALIST CHURCH.
Willard Newton, Isaac Hayden, Truman Stow, Abel Brigham.
List of Justices of the Peace, from the Incorporation of the Town to the present day, with the year of their appointment, so far as it is known.
Thomas Howe, 1707.
John Fay, 1718.
Benjamin Woods.
Henry Barnes, 1766.
Winslow Barnes, 1845.
Samuel Curtis, 1773.
Peter Wood, 1783.
Benjamin Rice, 1845. Nathaniel Langley, 1846. David Goodale, 1849. Stephen Morse, 1849.
Edward Barnes, 1800.
Joseph Brigham, 1804.
George S. Rawson, 1851.
Samuel Gibbon, 1809.
Isaac Hayden, 1851.
Micah Sherman, 1809.
Hollis Loring, 1852.
Benjamin Rice, Jr., 1810.
William B. Gale, 1854.
Joel Cranston, 1811.
Jabez S. Witherbee, 1855.
William Draper, 1813.
George E. Manson, 1855. Alexander Felton, 1856.
William Barnes, 1817.
Silas Felton, 1823.
Richard Farwell, 1826.
Martin L. Stow, 1826.
Florintine W. Pelton, 1856. Elbridge Howc, 1858. John Chipman, 1858. James R. Dockray, 1860.
Daniel Stevens, 1827. Levi Bigelow, 1830.
John M. Farwell, 1860. James F. Joslyn, 1860. O. W. Albee, (Trial Justice, ) 1861.
Nicholas B. Proctor, 1834. Eli Rice, 1834. Ephraim Hinds, 1834.
Stephen Pope, 1835. Solomon Weeks, 1838. William H. Wood, 1839.
John Loring, 1809.
287
Votes for Governor, from the Adoption of the Constitution to the present day.
1781 John Hancock,
78
1782 John Hancock,
53
1783 John Hancock,
51
Nathaniel Gorham,
1
1784 John Hancock,
51
1785 Tristam Dalton,
24
Benjamin Lincoln,
8
1786 James Bowdoin,
28
John Hancock,
.
8
1787 John Hancock,
128
James Bowdoin, . .
.
1
1789 John Hancock,
102
1790 John Hancock,
79
James Bowdoin, .
2
1791 John Hancock,
78
Charles Jarvis, .
2
1795 Samuel Adams,
77
Elbridge Gerry, .
26
1796 Samuel Adams,
132
Elbridge Gerry, .
7
1797 James Sullivan,
138
Increase Sumner,
9
1798 James Sullivan,
105
Increase Sumner,
28
1799 William Heath,
123
Increase Sumner,
33
1800 Elbridge Gerry,
141
Caleb Strong,
15
1801 Elbridge Gerry,
152
Caleb Strong,
31
1802 Elbridge Gerry,
150
Caleb Strong,
29
1803 Elbridge Gerry,
86
Caleb Strong,
59
1804 James Sullivan,
127
Caleb Strong,
40
1805 James Sullivan,
131
Caleb Strong,
41
1806 James Sullivan,
132
Caleb Strong,
62
1807 James Sullivan,
163
Caleb Strong,
62
1808 James Sullivan,
153
Christopher Gore,
52
1809 Levi Lincoln, .
198
Christopher Gore,
57
1810 Elbridge Gerry,
205
Christopher Gore,
52
1811 Elbridge Gerry,
191
Christopher Gore,
57
1813 Joseph B. Varnum, .
187
Caleb Strong,
77
1814 Samuel Dexter,
215
Caleb Strong,
75
1815 Samuel Dexter,
209
Caleb Strong,
75
1816 Samuel Dexter,
200
John Brooks,
65
1817 Ilenry Dearborn,
188
John Brooks,
70
1818 Benjamin W. Crowninshield, 148
180
John Brooks, John Brooks,
62
1820 William Eustis,
140
John Brooks,
63
1821 William Eustis,
150
John Brooks,
64
1822 William Eustis,
118
John Brooks,
54
1823 William Eustis,
.
195
Harrison G. Otis,
55
1824 William Eustis,
202
Samuel Lothrop,
47
1825 Levi Lincoln,
164
Charles Jackson,
2
1826 Levi Lincoln,
93
Marcus Morton, .
51
1827 Levi Lincoln, .
113
William C. Jarvis,
50
1828 Levi Lincoln, .
144
Marcus Morton, .
12
1829 Levi Lincoln, .
77
Marcus Morton, .
46
1830 Levi Lincoln,
118
Marcus Morton,
55
.
.
208
Caleb Strong,
.
74
1812 Elbridge Gerry,
74
Elbridge Gerry,
8
1794 Samuel Adams,
93
Elbridge Gerry,
17
1792 John Hancock,
73
1793 Jolin Hancock,
104
James Bowdoin, .
20
1788 John Hancock,
.
63
1819 Benjamin W. Crowninshield,
288
1831 Levi Lincoln,
117
Marcus Morton, .
29
1831 Levi Lincoln, *
97
Marcus Morton, .
22
1832 Levi Lincoln, .
110
Samuel Lothrop, .
50
1833 John Q. Adams, John Davis, .
129
Marcus Morton, . 22
88
John Bailey,
90
1835 Edward Everett,
.
153
Marcus Morton,
69
1836 Marcus Morton,
.
172
Edward Everett,
129
1837 Marcus Morton,
160
Edward Everett,
124
1838 Marcus Morton,
203
Edward Everett,
133
1839 Marcus Morton,
260
Edward Everett,
128
1840 Marcus Morton,
262
John Davis,
182
1841 Marcus Morton,
.
254
John Davis,
174
1842 Marcus Morton,
.
276
John Davis,
154
1843 Marcus Morton,
.
268
George N. Briggs,
150
1844 George Bancroft,
.
246
George N. Briggs,
178
1845 Isaac Davis,
191
George N. Briggs,
153
1846 Isaac Davis,
.
118
George N. Briggs,
99
1847 Caleb Cushing,
.
156
George N. Briggs,
106
1848 Stephen C. Phillips, George N. Briggs,
.
123
Caleb Cushing, .
77
1849 Stephen C. Phillips, George N. Briggs,
177
George S. Boutwell, 93
1850 Stephen C. Phillips, George S. Boutwell,
.
194
George N. Briggs, 90
Robert C. Winthrop, 125
George S. Boutwell,
.
130
1852 Horace Mann, .
·
197
John H. Clifford, . 107
Henry W. Bishop,
172
1853 Henry Wilson,
172
. Emory Washburn, 93
Henry W. Bishop,
·
116
1854 Henry J. Gardner,
.
411
Henry Wilson, .
. 23
Emory Washburn,
·
Henry J. Gardner, 124
Erasmus D. Beach, .
164
George W. Gordon,
47
1856 Henry J. Gardner, Erasmus D. Beach, .
77
Erasmus D. Beach, 103
1857 Nathaniel P. Banks, Henry J. Gardner, .
113
1858 Nathaniel P. Banks,
369
Erasmus D. Beach,
102
1859 Nathaniel P. Banks,
374
Benjamin F. Butler,
89
1860 John A. Andrew,
515
Erasmus D. Beach,
231
·
.
.
.
.
86
.
98
.
.
122
1851 John G. Palfrey,
190
.
49
1855 Julius Rockwell,
200
·
In setting down the votes, I have put the name having the highest number first, irrespective of party, or the success of the candidate. At the first organization of the Government, there was no distinct party organization. About 1785 or '86, parties sprung up, but they were founded on temporary questions, which
* Owing to an Amendment of the Constitution, there were two elections in 1831; one in April, and one in November.
1834 John Davis,
129
.
.
.
421
269
289
soon passed away. About 1797 or '98, the Republican and Federal parties came gradually into being. The former were the advocates of the election of Thomas Jefferson, and the latter of John Adams for the Presidency. The principal ques- tions which divided the parties at that day, when reduced to principles, involved the great question of the power of the National Government. Mr. Adams was a known advocate for what was then termed a " strong government." His views were assailed by the Republican party, as encroaching upon the rights of the States. This controversy gave rise to the famous "Resolutions of 1798," adopted by the State of Vir- ginia, which declared the Constitution of the United States to be a compact between the States, and put forth extravagant claims of State Sovereignty. These Resolutions were the fruitful source of nullification, and more recently of secession- which are simply other names for insurrection-the evils of which we are now experiencing. The parties continued under these names, but soon began to assume new positions ; so that as new questions came up, new issues were made, and the Re- publican party became the advocate of a strong National Gov- ernment, and the Federal party became the strict construction- ists in their turn ; though they never carried State rights to the excess of nullification and secession.
After the war of 1812, the Federal party gradually faded away, and in 1825 there was in Massachusetts a political union ; and from that organization a new party arose, taking, in the first instance, the name of National Republicans, and after- wards that of Whigs, to denote their opposition to Executive prerogative. This party, in the State and Nation, were opposed to the Democratic party.
In 1848, the Free-soil party arose in Massachusetts and sev- eral of the northern States, and supported Mr. Van Buren for the Presidency, who up to that time had been devoted to the interests of the South, and who, after the election was over, fell back into the ranks of the Democracy. About 1850 there was a combination of the Free-soil with a portion of the Demo- cratic party, known as the Coalition ; this organization was succeeded in 1854 by another, known by the appropriate name of "Know Nothings."
In 1857, the Republican party was formed in Massachusetts,
290
and many of the northern States. Opposed to them were the Whig party till about 1856, when that party was mostly merged in the Republican party ; and the Democratic party, which was virtually dismembered in 1860.
This explanation seemed to be necessary to a proper under- standing of the votes given, from time to time, for the respective candidates for Governor.
The following list of Governors of the State will show when Marlborough acted with the majority of the people of the Commonwealth.
John Hancock,
1780-1784
John Davis,
1834-1835
Jomes Bowdoin, .
·
1785-1786
Edward Everett,
1836-1839
John Hancock,
1787-1793 Marcus Morton, .
1840
Samuel Adams, .
1794-1796 John Davis,
1841-1842
Increase Sumner,
.
1797-1799
Marcus Morton, .
1843
Caleb Strong,
1800-1806
George N. Briggs,
1844-1850
James Sullivan, .
1807-1808
George S. Boutwell,
1851-1852
Christopher Gore,
1809
John H. Clifford,
1853
Elbridge Gerry, .
1810-1811
Emory Washburn,
1854
Caleb Strong,
1812-1815
Henry J. Gardner, · 1855-1857
John Brooks,
1816-1822
Nathaniel P. Banks,
1858-1860
William Eustis, .
1823-1824
John A. Andrew,
1861-
Levi Lincoln,
1825-1833
List of Graduates from different Colleges, of persons from Marlborough, so far as they have been ascertained.
THOMAS BANISTER, graduated at Harvard College, 1700 ; died 1716. He was son of John and Jane (Goodnow) Banister, born February 21, 1677.
ROBERT BRECK, grad. H. C. 1730. He was son of Rev. Robert Breck. He settled as a clergyman in Springfield, where he d. 1784. He was distinguished in his profession.
BENJAMIN WOODS, grad. H. C. 1739, and d. 1761. He was son of Benjamin Woods.
SAMUEL BRECK, grad. H. C. 1741. He was son of Rev. Robert Breck. He studied medicine, and was a surgeon in the French war, and d. at Springfield, 1764.
ABRAHAM WILLIAMS, grad. H. C. 1744. He was son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Breck) Williams, b. 1727. He was a clergyman, ordained at Sand- wich, 1749, and d. at Framingham, Aug. 8, 1784.
DAVID BARNES, grad. H. C, 1752. He was son of Dea. Daniel Barnes, and was b. March 24, 1731. He was ordained as a clergyman at Scituate, Nov. 27, 1754, and d. April 26, 1811, aged 80 years. He was distinguished in his pro- fession, and received in 1783 the Degree of Doctor of Divinity.
JOB WHITNEY, grad. H. C. 1758 ; d. 1761.
EBENEZER RICE, grad. H. C. 1760 ; d. 1822.
ANTIPAS STUART, grad. H. C. 1760; d. 1814. He was a clergyman, and a son of Daniel Stuart.
.
291
BENJAMIN BRIGHAM, grad. H. C. 1764. He was son of Benjamin Brigham, was settled as a minister at Fitzwilliam, N. H., and d. 1799.
JONATHAN BARNES, grad. H. C. 1770. Ile was son of Jonathan Barnes, and was settled as a minister at Hillsborough, N. H. He d. 1805.
JESSE RICE, grad. H. C. 1772. He settled as a physician in New Hampshire. On the breaking out of the Revolution he adhered to the royal cause, and left the country. IIe was son of Jesse Rice, and d. 1839, aged 86.
SAMUEL BRIGHAM, grad. Dart. C. 1779. He studied medicine, and estab- lished himself in Boylston.
NOAH RICE, grad. H. C. 1777 ; d. 1820. He was son of Jabez Rice, and was a trader in Boston and Marlborough.
PERLEY HOWE, grad. Dart. C. 1790. IIe was a clergyman at Surrey, N. H., and was son of Simon Howe.
JOHN BRUCE, grad. Dart. C. 1781 ; was a clergyman, and d. 1809.
DANIEL WOODS, grad. H. C. 1795. He was son of Alpheus Woods, and d. at Roxbury, 1850.
JOTHAM BENDER, son of Peter Bender, grad. H. C. 1796 ; read law, and d. at Marlborough, 1800.
BENJAMIN RICE, son of Benjamin, grad. H. C. 1796, and d. 1834. He entered no profession, was a farmer, and resided in Marlborough.
THOMAS COLE, grad. H. C. 1798, and d. in Salem, 1852.
ISRAEL MUNROE, grad. HI. C. 1800, and d. 1834.
WILLIAM BROWN STOW, son of Heman Stow, grad. Williams C. 1811. IIe was settled as a clergyman at Wilmington, N. H.
MARTIN LUTHER STOW, son of Heman Stow, grad. Williams C. 1813. IIe read law, and was in practice at Northborough, where he died.
FREDERICK ADOLPHUS PACKARD, son of Rev. Asa Packard, grad. H. C. 1814. Ile read law, and commenced practice in Springfield. Subsequently he went to Philadelphia as editor of the publications of the American Sunday School Union, and has been elected President of Girard College.
LEVI BRIGHAM, son of Willard Brigham, grad. Williams C. 1833. He is a settled minister at Saugus.
CHARLES DRAPER, grad. II. C. 1833.
WILLARD BRIGHAM, son of Willard Brigham, grad. Williams C. 1838. IIe studied theology, and settled at Wardsborough, Vt.
EDWARD FORBES BARNES, son of Edward Barnes, grad. H. C. 1838. IIe studied medicine, and settled in Marlborough.
ROGER BROWN HILDRETH, son of Dr. Hildreth, grad. II. C. 1843.
EDWIN M. BIGELOW, son of Levi Bigelow, grad. H. C. 1846. He is a lawyer in Boston.
DANIEL WALDO STEVENS, son of Temple Stevens, grad. H. C. 1846. He studied theology, and is settled at Mansfield.
HORATIO ALGER, son of Rev. Horatio Alger, grad. H. C. 1852.
HIENRY BARNES, CHARLES W. BARNES, JOSEPH L. AMES, HENRY CLARK, GEORGE WHITMORE, and perhaps others, of Marlborough, have graduated at different Medical Schools, and entered the profession within the last twenty years.
NOTE.
A HISTORY of the Towns which were set off from Marlborough, would be a valuable addition to the foregoing, as presenting a full view of the original township, with the descendants of the early set- tlers. REV. DR. ALLEN, of Northborough, has kindly furnished a Historical Sketch of that town, which will be read with pleasure and profit.
HISTORICAL SKETCHI OF NORTHBOROUGH.
-
BY REV. JOSEPH ALLEN, D. D.
NORTHBOROUGHI is the youngest of the four Borough towns, not having been incorporated till 1766; although it became a precinct, known as the Second Precinct in Westborough, twenty-two years before ; viz., October 20, 1744, O. S., answering to October 31, N. S. It did not acquire the rank or enjoy the full immunities of a town till the commencement of the Revolutionary war, when, by a general act of the Provincial Congress, all incorporated districts were declared to be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of towns.
From 1717, when Westborough, then including the principal part of Northborough, was incorporated, till 1744, the inhabitants of the whole district formed one corporate body, who met together at the same place, for the transaction of public business and for public wor- ship, and made appropriations from the common treasury for the support of the minister, for the purposes of education, for the repair of the highways, &c., and, with the exception of public worship, this united action continued till 1766.
Northborough contains, within its present limits, 10,150 acres- a little less than sixteen square miles. It is of irregular shape ; its greatest length being from the north-east to the south-west. It lies principally in a valley, between the high lands of Marlborough on the cast, of Berlin on the north, and of Shrewsbury and Boylston on the west. This interval spreads out to the south, and extends to the hills of Hopkinton and Upton, including a large part of Westborough.
The river Assabet, which has its sources in the hills of Grafton and Shrewsbury, runs through the town, forming part of the bound- ary line on the south-east, between Westborough and Northborough. It receives several tributaries in its course, and furnishes water-power for two cotton-mills and several saw and grist-mills and comb shops. Its general course is north and north-east, leading to Feltonville and Assabet, and thence to Concord, forming the north branch of Con- cord river, which falls into the Merrimac at Lowell. Its Indian name
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has been retained, which has also been given to a beautiful hill near the village, formerly called Liquor Hill. The principal streams that fall into the Assabet in its course through the town are : 1. Hop Brook, which, rising in Shrewsbury, crosses the south-west angle of the town, furnishing water-power for a saw-mill and grist-mill, and falls into the Assabet soon after that river enters the town. A small stream, called Bummit Brook, which carries the saw-mill of Jonathan Bartlett, falls into Hop Brook. 2. Stirrup Brook, the outlet of Great and Little Chauncy Ponds ; the former in Westborough, in the vicinity of the State Reform School ; the latter lying wholly in Northborough. This stream furnishes water-power for Bartlett's saw, shingle, and grist-mills, and falls into the Assabet in the north-easterly part of the town .* 3. Cold Harbor Brook, which, rising in Shrewsbury, and receiving a tributary stream from Rocky Pond in Boylston, furnishes water-power for two grist-mills and a saw-mill ; then running through Cold Harbor meadow, and crossing the road between the village and the Old Congregational Church, forming other mill-sites, falls into the river Assabet, a hundred rods below the bridge. 4. Howard Brook, which, having its sources in the north-westerly part of the town, crosses the Clinton road a little to the north of the New Cemetery, furnishing water-power for a saw-mill and two or three comb-shops before it falls into the Assabet.
The surface, though more even than that of most of the towns in Worcester County, is diversified by hills and valleys, by rocks and plains, by swamps and meadows. The soil is generally fertile, most of the cleared land producing fine crops of hay and grain, with excel- lent pasturage, especially on the hills. In the northern part of the town the land is very uneven, being composed of ledges of rock, prin- cipally gneiss, lying in strata, having in some places a dip of 70° or 80°. This is the principal rock of this part of the State, though the strata differ widely in different localities, being less regular and less easily worked in this region than in the towns farther south. There is a vein of hornblende running through the town from north-cast to south-west, crossing the road that leads to Westborough, and forming a hard ledge about a mile south of the Railroad station, and extend- ing through Cedar Swamp to Tomlin Hill, so called.
In the westerly part of the town, the rocks are of a slaty structure, and seem to contain a good deal of iron ore, as the rock easily decom- poses when exposed to the air, having the appearance of iron-rust.
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