USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Quincy > Inaugural address of the mayor, with the annual report of the officers of the city of Quincy for the year 1919 > Part 15
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Received interest on bonds. 100.00
Received interest on deposits in Quincy Savings Bank . 10.32
Paid De Wolfe & Fiske Co., books. $126.00
The H. R. Huntting Co., Inc., books
64.89
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1919:
Kansas City, Clay County and St. Joseph Bonds (cost price) . .
1,890.00
Balance in Quincy Savings Bank . .
147.09
$2,227.98 $2,227.98
Gift of Albert Crane
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1918. . ..
$28.98
Received interest on deposits in Quincy Savings Bank . 83
Paid Wm. Patterson, flowers.
$10.00
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1919
19.81
$29.81
$29.81
George W. Morton Fund
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1918:
2 Kansas City Terminal Bonds, 4's $1,880.50
3 Massachusetts Gas, 42's. .
2,912.38
Balance in Quincy Savings Bank . .
514.58
Received interest on Bonds . 107.50
Received interest on deposits in Quincy Savings Bank . 21.91
Paid Mrs. C. F. Aldrich, books $12.20
242
CITY OF QUINCY
Mabel S. Baxter, work done for
Charles J. McGilvray, Treasurer Old Corner Book Store, Inc., books Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1919:
20.00
7.50
2 Kansas City Terminal Bonds, 4's
1,880.50
3 Massachusetts Gas, 42's. 2,912.38
Balance in Quincy Savings Bank . .
604.29
$5,436.87
$5,436.87
Children's Fund Gift of Quincy Women's Club
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1918 $66.78
Received interest on deposit in Quincy
Savings Bank . 3.01
Paid Bookshop for Boys' and Girls' books 69.79
$69.79
$69.79
Land Damage Account
Sept. 20. 1918, Check from City of
Quincy for land damages . . . . . . $8,850.00
Received interest on deposits in Nat'l Mt. Wollaston Bank . 40.65
Received Coupons on Liberty Bonds . .
155.14
Received from sales of Liberty Bonds . . 5,699.91
296.65
E. Menhinick, grading
173.75
Bay State Nurseries, trees
148.00
Lee Higginson & Co., Liberty Bonds Laban Pratt, real estate.
2,000.00
Geo. W. Abele, insurance adjust- ment, etc.
52.56
Laura E. Lamb, West Quincy Reading Room 2,000.00
6,900.29
Received rent from Pratt Property . Paid Henry Lavelle, grading
$3,117.00
243
REPORT OF TRUSTEES OF PUBLIC LIBRARY
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1919; in Nat'l Mt. Wollaston Bank .
650.75
$15,042.35 $15,042.35
Balance Dec. 31, 1919
Amount invested in the "Pratt"
property .
$2,000.00
West Quincy Reading Room (cost price) .
2,000.00
Liberty Bonds (cost price)
1,200.38
Balance in Nat'l Mt. Wollaston Bank
650.75
$5,851.13
Mt. Wollaston Bank Account
May 8, 1913, deposit by transfer from Endowment Fund . $100.00
Balance on hand Dec. 31, 1919 .
$100.00
$100.00
$100.00
CHARLES J. McGILVRAY,
Treasurer.
Approved:
HENRY O. FAIRBANKS, City Auditor.
REPORT OF LIBRARIAN
To the Trustees of the Thomas Crane Public Library:
Gentlemen :- I submit below the Librarian's report for the year ending December 31, 1919.
A happy combination of circumstances has made it possible to take a long forward stride in the year just passed. In common with the libraries throughout the country we have felt the increased interest in books which followed the return to normal activities of a war wearied people. Fortunately we have been able to save enough from other items of our budget to afford an expenditure for books somewhat in excess of previous years. And again we have recently by the establishment of two new branches at Quincy Point and Wollaston greatly extended our influence. For the first time we take our position in the two hundred thousand class with a total circulation of 251,623. The previous high water mark of 183,934 was made in 1917.
Perhaps the most important piece of work accomplished has been the throwing open of the book stacks to the public. Certainly it has been the one most often commented upon by the public and grateful appreciation has been the dominant note. Many books now circulate freely that had previously lain unnoticed upon our shelves. A decided relief in the pressure of work at the charging desk has been noticeable by reason of the fact that in having per- sonal access to the shelves the public have been glad to serve them- selves. Altogether it has justified the great amount of planning and the shifting of practically every book in the Library at least once, and many of them two or three times, in order to effect com- pact arrangement.
Another innovation has lightened the nervous strain at the delivery desks and permitted the borrowers to receive their books with a minimum of delay. The charging system has been changed from the old time consuming Browne method, with its never ending array of pockets, to the more modern Newark system. As an illus- tration of what this has meant we may cite the results in the
244
245
REPORT OF TRUSTEES OF PUBLIC LIBRARY
Children's Room. Here a greatly increased circulation has been handled comfortably by Miss Reed with one part-time helper where a year ago it was necessary for her to have three assistants during the busy hours. The total of 8,729 borrowers reported represents only the actual borrowers since June when the re-regis- tration made necessary by the above change was begun.
A shelf of each of the most recent bound magazines which are listed in the Reader's Guide has been placed in the Reading Room in easily accessible position. This arrangement together with the opening and rearrangement of the stacks has made possible a step toward that dream of every librarian - the close coordination of the work of the Library and the School. Last spring as soon as it was possible Miss Bates, the High School Librarian, began bringing classes to the Library at 8.15 in the morning for instruction by the Librarian in the use of the catalog and of the Reader's Guide to periodicals, and a general familiarization with the resources and methods of the Library. When the High School opened in the fall the same work was resumed under the direction of the new High School Librarian, Miss Coulman. There is small danger of over- estimating the value and far reaching effect of such work with the schools, affording as it does the opportunity for contact with our future citizens during the habit forming period. That thought has inspired the extension work which has been carried to six of the most outlying grammar schools. And in this connection we must not lose sight of the fact that Quincy comprises an area of some seventeen square miles. Adopting the school building rather than the room as a unit we have placed collections in six of the grade buildings as follows: Adams, Atherton Hough, Gridley Bryant, John Hancock, Lincoln, and Squantum. With a slight modification to meet the special conditions the books are charged out for home use exactly as at any of the Branches. During the three months since their installation these collections handled entirely by students under the supervision of the teaching staff have done a work equivalent to that of the best of our Branches. It is worthy of note in this connection that for the first time the circu- lation of juvenile books has exceeded the adult total. We have loaned 128,886 of the former and 122,737 of the latter.
246
CITY OF QUINCY
Although the work with the younger members of the commun- ity has at all times aroused our warmest sympathy we have at no time lost sight of the ideal of a public library with emphasis on the word "public." Remote as the achievement seems we still aim at providing for every legitimate need of the printed page on the part of the residents of any age in any part of Quincy. Our problem is complicated by an unusually scattered population as well as by the great variety of racial groups. Among the latter during the past year we have provided the Finnish readers with a collection of books in their own language, placed at the West Quincy Branch. After much difficulty we have also succeeded in purchasing a supply of Arabic books for the Syrian groups near the Quincy Point Branch. The use of both collections has been gratifying and has brought forth many expressions of gratitude. We have also col- lections of works in modern Greek, Italian, Polish, Spanish and Swedish which continue to show activity. In connection with this subject acknowledgment is due Miss Campbell of the Free Public Library Commission for loans of books and valuable advice.
The reclassification of the Library begun in 1914 has gone on this year to completion under Miss Hyland. All odds and ends have been cleared up and at last the Reference collection is classified and conveniently arranged. A notable piece of work has been performed by Miss Whittemore in addition to her regular reference work. She has taken over all the filing and has gone through and revised the entire card catalog. Conflicting methods have been readjusted and permanent rules adopted in connection with Cutter's® hand book to cover all problems as they arise.
The immediate success which followed the establishment of the Branches at Quincy Point in September and at Wollaston in the following month proved how much needed they were. They immediately took rank vith the older Branches and have continued to hold it. This by no means covers the city or meets the expressed wants. Appeals have come from Hough's Neck, from Squantum. and from South Quincy, which are hard to refuse and yet are equally hard to meet by reason of our lack of books. A comparison with the neighboring libraries shows that we have less than half as many volumes as any of our neighbors who are doing an equivalent work.
247
REPORT OF TRUSTEES OF PUBLIC LIBRARY
A still further augmented book fund will be necessary to meet the obvious needs.
The Staff which had been lessened in number by three resig- nations toward the close of 1918 was still further reduced by two withdrawals in 1919. In May Miss Almon felt that her health required more out-of-doors activity and resigned her position as First Assistant. In September Miss Barker resigned her position at the charging desk to be married. No new faces are seen at the Library in place of the above losses. The only changes that have taken place are the appointments to regular staff position of the junior assistants, Miss Kivioja and Miss Files, who now have charge respectively of the Quincy Point and Wollaston Branches.
I cannot close my report without a personal note. For the past year I have felt myself in peculiarly happy surroundings. On the one hand has been a Board of Trustees with a forward look, both exercising a proper oversight of the work and granting me the liberty of action in details which makes for administrative efficiency. On the other hand has been a Staff giving ever new proofs of loyalty as the year progressed. Without a Staff rilling to assume increas- ing burdens it would have been impossible to carry on with nine assistants where fourteen had served before. Without such a Staff it would have been impossible to round out the year with a fifty-one per cent increase in service with only eighteen per cent increase in total expense in the face of constantly increasing prices.
Respectfully submitted,
TRUMAN R. TEMPLE, Librarian.
248
CITY OF QUINCY
STATISTICS Size and Growth by Classes
No. of vols. in Library Jan. 1,1920
Added by purchase 1919
Added by gift 1919
General Works
574
25
Philosophy
748
26
1
Religion .
911
13
Sociology
2,584
70
11
Philology
221
11
4
Science .
1,074
9
1
Useful Arts .
1,503
132
1
Fine Arts
1,450
28
Literature .
3,183
131
History and Travel.
4,781
135
3
Biography.
2,916
33
3
Bound Periodicals
3,576
140
Document Room (unclassed) .
673
Fiction . .
10,003
1,254
Juvenile
Fiction.
4,101
1,320
Non-fiction
5,721
1,286
Total
44,019
4,613
24
Circulation by Classes, 1919
JUVENILE DEPARTMENT
BRANCHES
Central Library
Children's Room
Schools
Atlantic
Quincy Point
West Quincy
Wollas- ton
Total
General (Including periodicals) .
8,338
1,372
2,723
58
2,422
61
14,974
Philosophy .
1,052
27
2
26
16
13
44
1,180
Religion. .
400
248
100
185
43
277
73
1,326
Sociology .
1,663
1,918
1,140
668
557
86
346
6,378
Language
260
5
7
5
13
827
4
1,121
Science ..
979
1,164
361
662
262
791
293
4,512
Useful Arts .
3,272
1,313
548
1,159
433
790
312
7,827
Fine Arts .
2,666
1,289
361
964
249
915
241
6,685
Literature
3,014
11,593
1,640
4,277
1,189
7,005
615
29,333
History .
2,979
2,431
933
1,611
631
1,971
415
10,971
Travel .
1,934
3,980
1,953
1,245
685
1,935
512
12,244
Biography .
1,450
1,266
810
491
254
604
210
5,085
Fiction .
50,780
22,839
8,189
30,397
8,162
22,282
7,338
149,987
Total.
78,787
49,445
16,044
44,413
12,552
39,918
10,464
251,632
REPORT OF TRUSTEES OF PUBLIC LIBRARY
249
250
CITY OF QUINCY
Statistics Arranged According to the Form Adopted by the American Library Association
Population served 47,611
Terms of use - Free for lending and reference.
Total number of agencies,
Consisting of :
Central Library
Branches
4
Stations (Delivery)
2
Other agencies : Schools (buildings)
8
Industrial corporations
1
Number of days open during year : For lending.
302
For reading.
302
Hours open each week for lending
72
Hours open each week for reading.
72
Total number of staff .
11
Total valuation of library property
$214,000
Increase
Adult 33,528
Juvenile 8,611
Total
Number of volumes at beginning of year . . . (New count taken from shelf list Jan., 1919)
Number of volumes added during year by purchase.
1,867
2,606
4,473
Number of volumes added during year by gift.
24
24
Number of volumes added during year by binding material not otherwise counted
140
140
Number of volumes lost or withdrawn during year .
1,362
1,395
2,757
Total number at end of year .
34,197
9,822
44,019
Use
Adult 122,737
Juvenile 128,886
Total 251,623
Total number of volumes lent for home use
Number of volumes of fiction lent for home
88,843
61,144
149,987
Registration
Total number of registered borrowers (re-registration commenced in June; all previous records disregarded) .
8,729
Number of publications issued . 5
Number of periodicals and newspapers currently received 163 titles; 260 copies
Number of persons using library for reading and study; record not kept.
use .
Pamphlets: Classified but not counted Maps: No statistics kept.
42,139
251
REPORT OF TRUSTEES OF PUBLIC LIBRARY
Finance
Receipts from
Unexpended balance, Jan. 1, 1919.
$2,541.88
City appropriation .
25,186.65
Endowment funds, net
902.91
Desk receipts, fines, etc.
954.26
Other sources
37.34
Total.
$29,623.04
Maintenance:
Payment for
Books
$5,170.60
Periodicals
898.03
Binding
805.56
Salaries, library service, including janitor.
14,333.24
Rent
1,013.33
Heat
1,487.71
Light
662.73
Other maintenance .
3,282.46
Total.
$27,653.74
Annual Report
OF THE
Board of Directors and Superintendent
OF THE
Woodward Institute
1919
CITY OF QUINCY
MASSACHUSETTS
WOODWARD INSTITUTE
ORGANIZATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR 1919
Chairman REV. ADELBERT L. HUDSON
Vice-Chairman REV. ISAIAH W. SNEATH
Secretary REV. GEORGE M. BAILEY
Superintendent ALBERT L. BARBOUR
THE FACULTY
Principal
HORACE W. RICE. Latin
Teachers
CHARLOTTE J. BURGESS . Commercial Subjects
GEORGIANA C. LANE. .Art
JOHN D. BUCKINGHAM Music
GRACE L. BURKE. Mathematics
MABEL L. PARKER Science
LOUINE FORD Physical Training
MRS. EDITH D. CARPENTER History
KATHERINE S. MCCAFFERTY. Modern Languages
GLADYS D. ROSE English
Engineer and Janitor ALLAN W. WALKER
At a meeting of the Board of Directors held January 6 the report of the Superintendent was accepted, adopted and ordered printed as the report of the Board.
255
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF WOODWARD INSTITUTE
Gentlemen: I submit herewith my annual report as Superin- tendent of Woodward Institute.
The past year has been one of many changes in the teaching corps due to a condition which is the most serious that has ever confronted the school and which requires the thoughtful considera- tion and action of the members of this governing board.
It is the same problem that confronts private and endowed schools as a class and which has already closed many such schools- the problem of finances. In a word, the income of the fund re- mains stationary, cost of operation increases and must of necessity increase still more if the school is to be maintained on any adequate basis.
For some time, the school has closed its financial year with a surplus of a few hundred dollars; the salary scale of the teachers is maintained at a maximum of $1000. Under present conditions, the salary scale necessary to secure and hold capable secondary school teachers is at least 50% higher. In the Quincy High School, for instance, the maximum salary is $1650 with an added $300 allowed and obtainable for advanced professional work.
The conclusion is obvious and unavoidable. Either the salary scale of Woodward Institute must rise to a level dictated by supply and demand of teachers or the school must content itself with a constantly changing teaching corps made up usually of the inex- perienced or the less efficient, if indeed even these can be secured in the future.
This condition is one that must have immediate consideration and I suggest that a sub-committee of this board take the matter up for investigation and report to the full board at a later meeting.
The membership and attendance of the school varies little from that of the past year.
The school building itself needs painting and the trustees of the fund are aware of this need.
256
257
REPORT OF WOODWARD INSTITUTE
The class of 1920 left as its gift to the school an excellent copy of "Reading from Homer."
The annual essay prize for this class was awarded to Edith G. Pettee.
Respectfully submitted,
ALBERT L. BARBOUR.
STATISTICS
CLASS AND TOTAL ENROLLMENT BY YEARS
Seventh Class
Sixth Class
Fifth Class
Fourth Class
Third Class
Junior Class
Senior Class
Postgraduate
Total
Regular
Part Time
Total
Spring of 1894.
28
15
17
13
7
. .
..
80
7
7
1894-1895.
41
44
18
17
5
125
8
1
9
1895-1896.
9
41
36
10
11
8
115
8
2
10
1896-1897
29
28
32
5
8
5
107
8
3
11
1897-1898
·
. .
20
14
13
14
21
3
85
8
3
11
1900-1901
3
28
18
11
14
14
88
8
3
11
1901-1902
13
40
28
15
9
14
2
121
7
3
10
1902-1903.
11
55
35
27
16
9
2
155
8
2
10
1903-1904.
43
46
30
25
15
5
164
8
2
10
1904-1905
.
47
38
38
33
4
160
8
3
11
1905-1906
.
47
43
35
37
6
168
8
3
11
1906-1907.
51
40
37
34
9
171
8
3
11
1907-1908.
49
48
28
33
4
162
8
3
11
1908-1909
50
43
39
23
6
161
8
3
11
1909-1910
55
47
34
30
5
171
8
3
11
1910-1911.
66
43
31
30
8
178
8
4
12
1911-1912.
73
47
35
31
2
188
9
2
11
1912-1913.
82
62
36
25
6
211
9
2
11
1913-1914.
60
69
36
32
4
201
8
2
10
1914-1915
52
59
:49
32
5
197
8
2
10
1915-1916
207
8
4
12
1916-1917
65
63
28
34
7
197
8
4
12
1917-1918.
68
46
39
29
2
184
8
4
12
1918-1919
.
.
32
50
31
41
1
155
8
4
12
Fall of 1919
60
18
37
32
3
150
8
2
10
Average Attendance ... .93.98 per cent
FITTING FOR HIGHER INSTITUTIONS
Fitting for College
Fitting for Normal School
Postgraduates.
2
1920
2
7
1921.
17
6
1922.
6
4
1923.
14
8
Total.
41
25
.
13
22
23
28
5
3
94
8
3
11
1898-1899
14
13
17
21
27
92
8
3
11
1899-1900
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
·
.
·
·
. .
.
.
.
·
.
.
.
.
.
.
72
49
32
47
7
. .
. .
Teachers
258
SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF PUPILS BY COURSES
Enrollment September 3, 1919
English
Physical
Training
Physiology
Music
History
Science
Mathematics
Latin
French
German
Commercial
Arithmetic
Bookkeeping
Drawing
Stenography
Typewriting
Commercial Geography
Sewing
Cooking
Postgraduates.
3
2
31
29
. .
10
27
1
4
7
15
·
1
10
18
18
20
. .
. .
1921.
37
37
37
00
24
4
15
19
22
9
. .
15
6
15
15
. .
1922.
18
18
18
.
13
-
6
10
9
14
. .
. .
3
8
4
4
.
.
1923.
60
60
60
16
59
37
33
31
28
6
16
25
. .
Totals.
150
148
144
16
82
9.4
45
62
65
59
=
16
19
49
37
37
20
. .
259
REPORT OF WOODWARD INSTITUTE
. .
.
. .
2
1
10
2
2
10
.
1920.
32
.
260
CITY OF QUINCY
COST OF CONDUCTING WOODWARD INSTITUTE SINCE ORGANIZATION
Total Cost
Per Capita Cost
1894-1895
$8,874.00
$70.99
1895-1896.
11,060.00
96.17
1896-1897
10,874.00
101.66
1897-1898
10,349.00
110.09
1898-1899
10,458.00
113.67
1899-1900
10,924.00
128.52
1900-1901
10,947.00
125.54
1901-1902.
12,727.00
105.18
1902-1903
11,877.00
78.56
1903-1904.
12,241.00
74.64
1904-1905
12,122.00
75.76
1905-1906.
12,359.00
73.56
1906-1907
12,374.00
72.62
1907-1908.
12,625.00
77.93
1908-1909
12,963.00
80.52
1909-1910.
13,036.00
76.23
1910-1911.
13,168.00
73.95
1911-1912
13,422.00
71.39
1912-1913
13,009.00
61.65
1913-1914
12,991.97
64.66
1914-1915
13,013.27
66.16
1915-1916.
13,208.39
68.65
1916-1917.
13,617.13
74.68
1917-1918.
14,409.25
86.46
1918-1919
13,437.54
92.91
COURSES OF STUDY
ADOPTED 1919
COLLEGE COURSE
First Year
Second Year
Third Year
Fourth Year
English
4
English
4
English
4
English 1
Algebra
5
Geometry
5
Latin
5
Latin
5
Latin
5
Latin
5
French
5
French 5
Ancient History
5
French
5
Music (1)
Review of Mathe- 5 matics
Music (2)
1
Music (2)
1
Physical Train-
1
Music (1)
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
Elect one
German
5
German
5
Modern History 5
Chemistry (5) 4
American History and Civics 5
NORMAL COURSE
First Year
Second Year
Third Year
Fourth Year
English
4
English
4
English
4
English 4
Algebra
5
Geometry
5
Chemistry (5)
4
American History
Ancient History
5
Science (5)
4
ModernHistory 5
and Civics 5
Music (2)
1
Music (2)
1
Physical Train- ing (2) 1
ing (2)
1
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
ing (2) 1
Drawing (2)
1
Music (1)
Drawing (2) Elect one
1
Drawing (2)
1
Music (1)
Drawing (2) Elect tuo
1
Latin
5
Latin
5
Latin
5
Latin 5
Science (4)
3
French
5
French
5
French
5
Review of
Mathematics 5
Industrial
Geography 4
Harmony may be taken during the third and fourth years.
Elect one
Elect one
Physical Train-
Physical Train-
ing (2)
Elect one
261
262
CITY OF QUINCY
GENERAL COURSE
First Year
Second Year
Third Year
Fourth Year
Required
Required
Required
Required
English
4
English
4
English
4
English Music (1)
4
Algebra or
5
Music (2)
1
Music (1)
Arithmetic
4
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
Physical Train- ing (2) 1
Physical Train- ing (2)
1
Elect not more than sixteen points
Elect not more than sixteen points
Elect not more than sixteen points
Elect not more than ten points
Drawing (2) 1 Latin 5
Drawing (2) 1 Latin 5
Drawing (2)
1
Drawing (2)
1
French
5
French 5
French 5
Latin 5
Science (5)
4
German 5
German 5
Science (4)
3
Geometry
5
Science (5) 4
Review of
Mathematics 5
Physiology
4
Modern History5
Industrial
Geography
4
American History and Civics
5
Stenography
5
Typewriting (5) 3
Cooking (2) 1
Sewing (8)
4
Latin 5
Ancient History 5
Bookkeeping 5
Stenography 5 Typewriting (5)3
Music (2)
1
263
REPORT OF WOODWARD INSTITUTE
NOTES
1. The figure at the right of each study denotes the diploma points allowed for its successful completion. The figure in parentheses denotes the number of recitations per week when this differs from the number of diploma points.
2. Two foreign languages should not be begun at the same time. A foreign language to be beneficial should be studied at least two years.
3. Every pupil is required to take physical training unless excused upon the advice of a regular physician.
4. Place X opposite the course elected, also before each study elected.
5. A total of seventy-two points is required for a diploma.
6. Report cards are issued every eight weeks.
7. The daily session begins at a quarter past eight and closes at one o'clock.
8. A written request by parent or guardian is required for dismissal during the school session.
9. Cooking and sewing will be offered in the fourth year of the General Course, if ten elect the same.
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
LITERATURE
The first two years of the course in literature are spent in reading carefully, but without attempting detailed analysis and criticism, as much of the world's best literature as the time will allow. The books are selected because they are adapted to the minds of the readers and are worth reading. They include not only English classics, but good translations from the literature of various nations, and cover many subjects. There are three distinct aims in the course: (1) To teach the students to read
264
CITY OF QUINCY
intelligently and enjoyably; (2) to develop in them a taste for good literature; (3) to lay a broad foundation for the subsequent study and appreciation of the English classics selected for the third and fourth years. An outline history of English literature, supplemented by a study of English poets, completes the four years' course.
COMPOSITION
The work in composition is correlated with the course in literature - narration, description, exposition, and argument, each taken in turn. The course is designed to aid pupils in ex- pressing themselves clearly and logically in oral as well as in written form. Fortnightly themes are required during all four years. These formal compositions are supplemented by frequent classroom exercises in dictation, letter-writing and outlining. During the fourth year, formal argument is studied, together with preparation and practice in debating.
The pupils are urged to write from their own experience, to write often, and to acquire the habit of using simple, correct, idiomatic English.
DEPARTMENT OF LATIN
I. Latin Lessons.
Translation of prose selections.
II. Cæsar - Commentaries on Gallic War, books I-IV in- clusive.
Sight reading.
Prose composition. Grammar.
III. Cicero - Orations against Catiline, The Manilian Law and Archias.
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