USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Dover > Narrative history : a history of Dover, Massachusetts, as a precinct, parish, district, and town > Part 21
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James Cary, private, age twenty-one, Company G, Thirty-second Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteer Mili- tia ; mustered in May 27, 1862, three years' service ; died Oct. 25, 1862, Sharpsburg, Md. ; received bounty, four hundred and eighty-two dollars and sixty-six cents.
I The selectmen, under date of Aug. 25, 1862, make oath that he had entered the ser- vice from Dover.
314
HISTORY OF DOVER
Irving Colburn, private, age seventeen, Company F, Forty-fourth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia ; mustered in Sept. 12, 1862, nine months' service ; dis- charged at termination of service, June 18, 1863.
Charles Conner received two hundred dollars' bounty from the town in 1864; record not traced in the office of the adjutant-general, Boston.
Theodore L. Dunn, private, age twenty-one, Com- pany C, Thirteenth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia ; mustered in Feb. 25, 1862, three years' ser- vice ; discharged Dec. 18, 1862, disability.
George W. Fearing, corporal, age twenty-five, Com- pany K, Forty-fourth Infantry, Massachusetts Volun- teers ; mustered in Sept. 16, 1862, nine months' ser- vice ; discharged July 30, 1863, expiration of service.
Perez F. Fearing, private, age twenty-two, Company I, Thirty-fifth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mus- tered in Aug. 16, 1862, three years' service ; mortally wounded in mine explosion before Petersburg, and died July 30, 1864.
Henry A. Fuller, first lieutenant, age twenty-four, Thirtieth Infantry ; mustered in Feb. 20, 1862, three years' service ; discharged May 1, 1865.
Edwin F. Gay, private, age eighteen, Company F, Forty-fourth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mus- tered in Sept. 12, 1862, nine months' service; dis- charged June 18, 1863, expiration of service.
John T. Gilman, private, age twenty-one, Company M, First Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Sept. 23, 1861, three years' service; transferred to Company M, Fourth Cavalry ; discharged Sept. 24, 1864, expiration of service.
315
THE CIVIL WAR
Hibbard W. Gilman, private, age twenty-two, Com- pany D, First Battalion, Frontier Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Jan. 2, 1865, one year's ser- vice ; discharged June 30, 1865, expiration of service.
Lewis E. Gilman, private, age twenty-four, Company L, Third Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Dec. 30, 1864, one year's service ; discharged Sept. 28, 1865, expiration of service.
William R. Groce, private, age nineteen, Company G, Forty-third Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mus- tered in Sept. 12, 1862, nine months' service; dis- charged June 30, 1863, expiration of service.
Henry J. Hanks, private, age twenty-seven, Company L', Fourth Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Oct. 7, 1861 ; discharged Oct. 12, 1864, expiration of service.
William G. Hart, private, age eighteen, Company K, Forty-second Massachusetts Volunteers, one hundred days' service; mustered in July 18, 1864 ; discharged Nov. II, 1864, expiration of service. Wrongly credited to Montville, Me.
C. Dwight Hanscom, private, age twenty-three, Com- pany I, Second Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; enlisted May 15, 1861, three years' service ; promoted to corporal Dec. 22, 1861 ; wounded May 3, 1863, at the battle of Chancellorsville; discharged in conse- quence of wounds, Dec. 12, 1863.
John Hogan, private, age thirty-two; mustered in Sept. 5, 1862 ; service not traced in office of adjutant- general.
Henry C. Jennings, private, age thirty, Company C, Nineteenth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mus-
316
HISTORY OF DOVER
tered in April 22, 1864, three years' service ; died Aug. 6, 1864.
Augustus A. Leach, private, age twenty-one, Company C, Second Infantry ; mustered in July 30, 1862, three years' service ; discharged Sept. 23, 1862, disability.
William Lennon, private, age twenty-one, Fourteenth Battery, Light Artillery, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in March 4, 1862, three years' service ; dis- charged June 15, 1865, expiration of service.
Elbridge L. Mann, private, age twenty-eight, Com- pany B, Forty-second Infantry, Massachusetts Volun- teers ; mustered in Sept. 22, 1862, nine months' service ; discharged Aug. 20, 1863, expiration of service.
George H. Mann, corporal, age twenty-two, Company K, Forty-fourth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Sept. 12, 1862, nine months' service ; dis- charged June 18, 1863, expiration of service.
William McAllister, corporal, age twenty-one, Com- pany I, Fourth Heavy Artillery, Massachusetts Volun- teers ; mustered in Aug. 17, 1864, one year's service ; discharged June 17, 1865, expiration of service.
John Mclaughlin, private, age thirty-eight, Company I, Fourth Heavy Artillery, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Aug. 17, 1864, one year's service ; dis- charged June 17, 1865, expiration of service.
William Martin,' not traced in adjutant-general's office.
George R. Markham, private, age nineteen, Company H, Thirteenth Infantry ; mustered in Feb. 24, 1862, three years' service; killed Aug. 30, 1862, at Bull Run, Va.
I Reported by the recruiting committee as a resident of Dover, and as having en- listed into the service of the United States previous to Feb. 16, 1863.
317
THE CIVIL WAR
Ellis Marden, private, age thirty-nine, Company B, First Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Sept. 17, 1861, three years' service ; deserted Dec. 31, 1 862, at Camp Parole, Annapolis, Md.
Charles W. Myer, age forty-two, Company F, Nine- teenth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered in July 31, 1863, three years' service ; deserted Aug. 20, 1863. A substitute.
Benjamin Miller, not traced in office of adjutant- general.
Thomas Monroe, private, age thirty-two, wrongly credited to Boston, Company E, Third Heavy Artil- lery ; mustered in Oct. 19, 1863, three years' service ; discharged Sept. 18, 1865.
Michael O'Donnell, private, age twenty-three, Com- pany D, First Battalion, Frontier Cavalry, Massachu- setts Volunteers ; mustered in Jan. 2, 1865, one year's service ; discharged June 30, 1865, expiration of service.
Timothy O'Ragan, private, age nineteen, wrongly credited to Needham, Company B, Forty-fifth Massa- chusetts Volunteers ; mustered in Sept. 26, 1862, nine months' service ; mustered out July 7, 1863.
Seth Record, private, age twenty-two, Company B, Fourth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia ; mustered in April 22, 1861 ; mustered out July 22, 1861.
Philo Record,' private, not traced in adjutant- general's office.
Daniel Shruckrove,2 not traced in adjutant-general's office.
I The selectmen, under date of Aug. 25, 1862, make oath that he had entered the service of the United States from Dover.
2 Reported by the recruiting committee as having been placed to the credit of Dover to meet the call of Dec. 18, 1864.
318
HISTORY OF DOVER
Frederick E. Smith, private, age eighteen, Company H, Sixteenth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, one hun- dred days' service ; mustered in July 23, 1864 ; mus- tered out Nov. 30, 1864, expiration of service.
Lewis Smith, Jr., private, age nineteen, Company M, First Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Sept. 23, 1861 ; transferred to Company M, Fourth Cavalry ; discharged Sept. 24, 1864, expiration of service.
John E. Strang, private, age twenty-one, Company F, Fourth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered. in May 22, 1861, three months' service ; discharged July 22, 1861 ; re-enlisted and placed to the credit of Medfield ; died in the service.
Howard A. Staples, private, age twenty-one, Com- pany H, Thirteenth Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Feb. 21, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863; transferred to Thirty- ninth, July 14, 1864 ; discharged ; wrongly credited to Natick.
John Stevens, private, age thirty, Thirteenth Battery, Light Artillery, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in April 21, 1864; died Nov. 21, 1864, at New Orleans, La.
Eugene Sumner, private, Company E, First Cavalry, three years' service; record not traced in adjutant- general's office.
Levi A. Talbot, private, age twenty, Company B, Forty-second Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, nine months' service; mustered in Sept. 22, 1862 ; dis- charged Aug. 20, 1863, expiration of service ; wrongly credited to Sharon, Mass.
319
THE CIVIL WAR
Erastus L. Tennor enlisted on the quota of Dover, was transferred to the navy, and is wrongly credited to Brookline, Mass.
Ansel K. Tisdale, private, age twenty-one, Company H, Thirteenth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Aug. 18, 1862 ; discharged Nov. 26, 1862, disability.
Benjamin W. Thomas, private, age twenty-five, Com- pany B, Fifth Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Jan. 29, 1864 ; discharged Oct. 31, 1865.
Samuel G. Thomas, saddler, age eighteen, Company B, Fifth Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Jan. 29, 1864 ; discharged Oct. 31, 1865.
William H. Thomas enlisted Sept. 21, 1864, as a substitute ; record not traced in the office of the adjutant-general.
James M. Towle, private, age eighteen, Company K, Fifty-sixth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service; mustered in Feb. 25, 1864; deserted March 20, 1864, at Readville, Mass.
Charles H. Tyler, private, enrolled Feb. 12, 1865; mustered out July 20, 1865, Second Cavalry.
John H. Wade, private, age nineteen, enlisted Sept. 1, 1864, one year's service ; discharged June 4, 1865.
Patrick Wall, private, age forty, Company A, Twenty- eighth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Dec. 13, 1861 ; discharged Nov. 9, 1862, disability.
James Welsh, private, age twenty-six, Company I, Thirty-fifth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three
320
HISTORY OF DOVER
years' service ; mustered in Aug. 16, 1862; deserted Sept. 17, 1862, Antietam, Md.
Michael Welsh, private, age twenty-four, Company B, Sixty-first Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, one year's service ; mustered in Sept. 1, 1864; discharged June 4, 1865, expiration of service.
Ithamar Whiting, private, age twenty-four, Company E, Fifth Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, one hun- dred days' service; mustered in July 22, 1864; dis- charged Nov. 16, 1864, expiration of service.
William Whiting, private, age thirty-four, Company B, Forty-second Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, nine months' service ; mustered in Sept. 22, 1862 ; dis- charged Aug. 20, 1863, expiration of service.
John F. Williams, private, age twenty-one, was a sub- stitute ; enlisted July 31, 1863, unassigned.
George H. Wise, private, age twenty-one, Company A, Twenty-ninth Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; enlisted May 9, 1861 ; transferred to Company I, Thirty-sixth Massachusetts Volunteers ; mustered out Aug. 15, 1864.
Albert A. Woods, private, age twenty-one, Company K, Third Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service ; mustered in Aug. 6, 1862 ; died March 21, 1863, New Orleans, La. ; wrongly credited to Need- ham, Mass.
NAVY.
Joseph Boy, age thirty-one, private; enlisted April 16, 1864, Second Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, three years' service; transferred to the navy, May 17, 1864, for two years ; served one day, United States ship
32I
THE CIVIL WAR
" Ohio"; served on the " Sabine," and was discharged Jan. 31, 1866. He is wrongly credited to New Marl- boro, Mass.
William Feicht, age twenty-two, cook ; enlisted June 25, 1861, two years' service; served on the United States ships "Ohio " and "Susquehanna "; discharged Aug. 23, 1861.
Erastus L. Fenner enlisted March 9, 1863, one year's service ; served in the United States ship " Ber- muda "; deserted at Philadelphia, July 25, 1863.
John F. Frost, age twenty-nine, blacksmith ; enlisted Aug. 8, 1864, three years' service ; served on United States ships "Ohio," "Brooklyn," "John Adams," and " Columbia "; discharged June 3, 1865.
Joseph R. Foss, age twenty-one, blacksmith ; enlisted June 24, 1861, two years' service; served on the United States ships " Ohio," "North Carolina," " Pensa- cola," and " Thomas Freeborn " ; deserted Jan. 2, 1863.
Henry Gilbert, age twenty-three, enlisted Dec. 21, 1864, as a substitute for George D. Everett ; served in United States ship " J. P. Jackson "; deserted March 12, 1865.
Willard J. Hotchkiss, age twenty-nine, enlisted Aug. 8, 1864, one year's service ; served in the United States ships "Dunbarton " and " Lodona "; discharged June II, 1865, from the " Princeton."
Robert Mitchell, age twenty-nine, enlisted Aug. 8, 1864, one year's service ; served on the United States ships "Ohio " and " Brooklyn "; took part three days at the capture of Fort Fisher, Jan. 13-15, 1865 ; dis- charged June 17, 1865, from the " Princeton."
Coleman Scofield, age twenty-nine, enlisted Oct. 13,
322
HISTORY OF DOVER
1862, two years' service; served on the United States ships " Ohio," "Colorado," "Calhoun," and "New Lon- don "; discharged Feb. 27, 1865.
Lewellen Smitherest, age sixteen, enlisted Oct. 16, 1862, one year's service ; served in United States ships " Ohio," "Colorado," and " Lafayette"; deserted Feb. 20, 1863.
Alfred A. Stinson, age nineteen, enlisted Oct. 13, 1862, one year's service ; served on United States ships "Ohio," "Colorado," and "Lafayette"; discharged Feb. 14, 1863.
William Taylor, age eighteen, enlisted Oct. 22, 1862, two years' service; served on United States ships " Ohio," "Colorado," and "Benton "; discharged Oct. . 30, 1864.
HUR FNG.CO
DINGLE HOLE NARROWS.
CHAPTER XXIII.
NATURAL HISTORY.
GEOLOGY -MINERALOGY-FLORA-WEEDS-SYLVA-SHRUBS AND VINES - FERNS - FAUNA - BIRDS.
The blooms of home and native air Are ever dearest to us all.
-L. D. SMITH.
Oh, loveliest there the spring days come, With blossoms, and birds, and wild bees' hum; The flowers of summer are fairest there, And freshest the breath of the summer air.
- BRYANT.
The world is too much with us. Late and soon Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers ; Little we see in Nature that is ours. - WORDSWORTH.
GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY.
Gazing upon our hills, valleys, and fertile fields, we sel- dom realize the fact that the soil which covers them was formed from the decomposition of rocks and the action of organic agencies upon these decomposed particles.
Geological formation and environment are said largely to determine plant-distribution.
To this cause may be traced the full and exceed- ingly rich flora of the town. A collection of rocks and minerals has been made, covering the entire territory of the township ; and an analysis of the specimens gives the following results : -
Rocks .- Granite, felsite, diorite, diabase, sandstone. MINERALS .- Pyrites, quartz, porphyry, iron.
324
HISTORY OF DOVER
Granite. The fine-textured part is the ordinary rock ; while the coarse is the granite dike, having the minerals deposited from solution. Composition : feldspar, quartz, and mica.
Granite with red orthoclase and chlorite.
Felsite, worn by water. Contains orthoclase, feld- spar, and quartz.
Felsite, red variety.
Chalcopyrite. Contains copper, iron, and sulphur.
Quartz, worn by abrasion.
Ferruginous quartz, oxide of silicon with iron.
Quartz crystals upon trap rock.
Wad, or earthy manganese, upon quartz; oxide of manganese.
Quartz, massive variety ; pure oxide of silicon.
Smoky quartz.
Diorite, fine-grained.
Diorite, coarser variety (hornblende and feldspar).
Porphyry.
Diabase (feldspar and pyroxene).
Sandstone (ferruginous sand).
Quartzite.
Silicate of alumina with an alkali metal.
FLORA. I
AMARYLLIS FAMILY .- Yellow Star-grass, Hypoxis erecta.
ARUM FAMILY .- Jack-in-the-pulpit, Arisæma triphyl- lum; Wild Calla, Calla palustris ; Skunk Cabbage,
I No attempt has been made to give a complete flora of Dover. Few rare flowers have been given: nearly all can be readily found. Mr. T. Otis Fuller, of Needham, who is familiar with the flora of the town, is of the opinion that a list of a thousand flowers could easily be made during the succession of a single season.
325
NATURAL HISTORY
Symplocarpus fætidus; Arrow arum, Peltandra Vir- ginica ; Sweet Flag, Acorus Calamus.
BALSAM FAMILY .- Jewel-weed, Impatiens fulva.
BARBERRY FAMILY .- Barberry, Berberis vulgaris.
BORAGE FAMILY .- Forget-me-not.
BROOM-RAPE FAMILY .- One-flowered Cancer-root, Aphyllon uniflorum.
BUCKTHORN FAMILY .- New Jersey Tea, Ceanothus Americanus ; Buckthorn, Rhamnus catharticus.
COMPOSITE FAMILY .- Purple Asters, Aster; Black- eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta ; Climbing Boneset, Eupa- torium perfoliatum ; Dandelion, Taraxacum officinale ; Elecampane, Inula Helenium ; Fall Dandelion, Leonto- don autumnale ; Golden Ragwort, Senecio aureus ; Iron- weed, Vernonia Noveboracensis ; Joe-pye-weed, Eupa- torium purpureum; Life Everlasting, Gnaphalium polycephalum ; Ox-eyed Daisy, Chrysanthemum leucan- themum; Yarrow, Achillea Millefolium ; White Asters, Aster ; Thoroughwort, Eupatorium perfoliatum ; Squaw- weed, Senecio aureus ; Robin's Plantain, Erigeron bel- lidifolium ; Sunflower, Helianthus annuus ; Thistle, Cuicus sp .; Tansy, Tanacetum vulgare ; Plantain-leaved Everlasting, Antennaria plantaginifolia.
CONVOLVULUS FAMILY .- Dodder, Cuscuta Gronovii ; Wild Morning Glory, Convolvulus Americanus ; Bracted Bindweed, Calystegia sepium.
CROWFOOT FAMILY .- Goldthread, Coptis trifolia ; Marsh Marigold (Cowslip), Caltha palustris ; Anemone, Anemone nemorosa ; Traveller's Joy ; Columbine, Aqui- legia Canadensis ; Early Crowfoot, Ranunculus fascicu- laris ; Meadow Rue, Thalictrum Cornuti; Thimble- weed; Rue Anemone, Anemonella thalictroides ; Clem-
326
HISTORY OF DOVER
atis, Clematis Virginiana; Buttercup, Ranunculus acris ; White Water Crowfoot, Ranunculus aquatilis ; Yellow Water Crowfoot, Ranunculus multifidus ; Hepatica, He- patica triloba ; Tall Anemone, Anemone Virginiana.
DOGBANE FAMILY .- Dogbane, Apocynum cannabi- num.
DOGWOOD FAMILY .- Dwarf Cornel, Cornus Canaden- sis ; Flowering Dogwood, Cornus florida.
EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY .- Evening Primrose, Œnothera biennis ; Fireweed, Epilobium angustifolium ; Enchanter's Nightshade, Circaa Lutetiana.
FIGWORT FAMILY .- Butter-and-eggs, Linaria vulga- ris ; Cow-wheat, Melampyrum Americanum ; Mullein, Verbascum Thapsus ; Turtle-head, Chelone glabra ; Wood Betony, Pedicularis Canadensis ; Gerardia, Ge- rardia purpurea ; Downy Foxglove, Gerardia flava ; Smooth Foxglove, Gerardia quercifolia; Toadflax, Li- naria Canadensis ; Monkey-flower, Mimulus ringens.
FUMITORY FAMILY .- Corydalis, Corydalis glauca ; Squirrel Corn, Dicentra Canadensis; Dutchman's Breeches, Dicentra Cucullaria; Climbing Fumitory, Adlumia cirrhosa.
GERANIUM FAMILY .- Cranesbill, Geranium macula- tum; Herb-robert, Geranium Robertianum.
GENTIAN FAMILY .- Gentian, Gentiana crinita ; Float- ing Heart, Limnanthemum lacunosum.
GINSENG FAMILY .- Ginseng (Dwarf), Aralia tri- folia; Greenbrier, Smilax rotundifolia; Wild sarsa- parilla, Aralia nudicaulis.
HEATH FAMILY .- Leather-leaf, Cassandra calycu- lata; Checkerberry, Gaultheria procumbens; Indian Pipe, Monotropa uniflora ; Shin-leaf, Pyrola rotundifolia;
327
NATURAL HISTORY
Prince's Pine, Chimaphila umbellata; Sweet-pepper- bush, Clethra alnifolia ; Pine Sap, Monotropa Hypopitys ; Rhodora, Rhododendron Canadensis ; Spotted Pipsissewa, Chimaphila maculata ; Clammy Azalea, Azalea viscosa ; Mountain Laurel, Kalmia latifolia ; Sheep Laurel, Kal- mia angustifolia ; Cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon ; Blueberry, Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum; Swamp Blue- berry, Vaccinium corymbosum ; Huckleberry, Gaylussa- cia resinosa.
HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY .- Fly-honeysuckle, Lonicera ciliata.
HORSETAIL FAMILY .- Scouring Rush, Equisetum.
IRIS FAMILY .- Blue-eyed Grass, Sisyrinchium angus- tifolium ; Fleur-de-lis; Sweet Flag; Blue Flag, Iris Virginica.
LAUREL FAMILY .- Fever-bush, Lindera Bensoin ; Spice-bush, Lindera odoriferum; Sassafras, Sassafras officinale.
LILY FAMILY .- Adder's Tongue, Erythronium Americanum ; Bellwort, Uvularia perfoliata; False Solomon's Seal, Maianthemum Canadensis ; False Hel- lebore, Veratrum viride ; Dog's-tooth Violet, Erythro- nium Americanum; Star of Bethlehem, Ornithogalum umbellatum ; Bellwort, Uvularia sessilifolia ; Solomon's Seal, Polygonatum biflorum ; Wild Red Lily, Lilium Philadelphicum ; Canada Lily, Lilium Canadense ; Clintonia borealis.
LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY .- Purple Loosestrife, Lythrum Salicaria.
LOBELIA FAMILY .- Cardinal-flower, Lobelia cardi- nalis.
MALLOW FAMILY .- Mallow, Hibiscus Moscheutos ;
328
HISTORY OF DOVER
Swamp Rose Mallow, Hibiscus Moscheutos ; Common Mallow, Malva rotundifolia.
MADDER FAMILY .- Button-bush, Cephalanthus occi- dentalis ; Bedstraw, Galium boreale ; Partridge-berry, Mitchella repens ; Yellow Bedstraw, Galium verum ; Houstonia.
MELASTOMA FAMILY .- Meadow-beauty, Rhexia Vir- ginica.
MILKWORT FAMILY .- Fringed Polygala, Polygala paucifolia ; Moss Polygala, Polygala cruciata ; Polygala polygama ; Polygala sanguinea.
MINT FAMILY .- Blue Curls, Trichostema dichoto- mum; Self-heal, Brunella vulgaris ; Ground Ivy, Nepeta Glechoma ; Motherwort, Leonurus Cardiaca ; Spearmint, Mentha viridis ; Peppermint, Mentha pipe- rita ; Catnip, Nepeta Cataria; Pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides ; Hedge-nettle, Stachys palustris.
MILKWEED FAMILY .- Butterfly-weed, Asclepias tube- rosa ; Common Milkweed, Asclepias Cornuti; Swamp Milkweed, Asclepias incarnata; Whorled · Milkweed, Asclepias verticillata ; Four-leaved Milkweed, Asclepias quadrifolia.
MUSTARD FAMILY .- Shepherd's Purse, Capsella Bursa-pastoris ; Winter-cress, Barbarea vulgaris ; Wild Radish, Raphanus Raphanistrum ; Water-cress, Nastur- tium officinale.
NIGHTSHADE FAMILY .- Nightshade, Solanum Dul- camara ; Thorn-apple, Datura Stramonium.
ORCHIS FAMILY .- Arethusa, Arethusa bulbosa; Adder's Mouth, Pogonia ophioglossoides ; Coral-root, Corallorhiza multiflora; Ladies' Tresses, Spiranthes cernua ; Moccason Flower, Cypripedium acaule ; Rag-
329
NATURAL HISTORY
ged Fringed Orchis, Habenaria lacera; Rattlesnake- plantain, Goodyera pubescens ; Yellow Lady's Slipper, Cypripedium pubescens ; Calopogon, Calopogon pulchel- lus ; Ladies' Tresses, Spiranthes gracilis.
OXALIS FAMILY .- Wood Sorrel, Oxalis Acetosella.
PARNASSIA FAMILY .- Grass of Parnassus, Parnassia Caroliniana.
PARSLEY FAMILY .- Wild Carrot, Daucus Carota ; Wild Parsnip, Zizia aurea.
PINK FAMILY .- Bouncing Bet, Saponaria officinalis ; Bladder Campion, Silene inflata ; Wild Pink, Silene Pennsylvanica ; Agrostemma Githago.
PITCHER-PLANT FAMILY .- Pitcher-plant, Sarracenia purpurea.
POPPY FAMILY .- Blood-root, Sanguinaria Cana- densis.
POKEWEED FAMILY .- Pokeweed, Phytolacca de- candra.
PRIMROSE FAMILY .- Yellow Loosestrife, Lysimachia quadrifolia ; Star-flower, Trientalis Americana ; Loose- strife, Lysimachia ciliata.
PULSE FAMILY .- Bush Clover, Lespedeza hirta ; Hog Peanut, Amphicarpaa monoica ; Wild Lupine, Lupinus perennis ; White Clover, Melilotus alba; Yellow Clo- ver, Trifolium agrarium ; Wild Indigo, Baptisia tinc- toria ; Blue Vetch, Vicia Cracca ; Ground-nut, Apios tuberosa ; Rabbit-foot Clover, Trifolium arvense ; Red Clover, Trifolium pratense ; Tephrosia, Tephrosia Vir- giniana ; Yellowbush Clover, Lespedeza violacea ; Locust, Robinia pseudacacia; Everlasting Pea; Rose Acacia, Robinia hispida ; Partridge Pea, Cassia Chamæ- crista.
330
HISTORY OF DOVER
PURSLANE FAMILY .- Common Purslane, Portulaca oleracea.
ROSE FAMILY .- Agrimony ; Cinquefoil, Potentilla Canadensis ; Meadow-sweet, Spiræa salicifolia; White- thorn, Cratagus Oxyacantha ; Purple Avens, Geum album; Hardhack, Spiræa tomentosa ; Marsh Five- finger, Potentilla palustris ; Wild Rose, Rosa blanda ; Sweet Brier, Rosa rubiginosa ; Shadbush, Amelanchier Canadensis ; Chokeberry, Pyrus arbutifolia; High Blackberry, Rubus villosus ; Dewberry, Rubus Canaden- sis ; Wild Red Raspberry, Rubus strigosus ; Thimble- berry, Rubus occidentalis ; Strawberry, Fragaria vesca ; Wild Black Cherry, Prunus serotina; Choke Cherry, Prunus Virginiana.
SANDALWOOD FAMILY .- Bastard Toad-flax, Co- mandra.
SAXIFRAGE FAMILY .- Saxifrage, Saxifraga Virgini- ensis ; Swamp Saxifrage, Saxifraga Pennsylvanica.
STAFF-TREE FAMILY .- Bitter-sweet, Celastrus scan- dens.
ST. JOHN'S-WORT FAMILY .- Marsh St. John's-wort, Elodes Virginica ; St. John's-wort, Hypericum perfora- tum.
SUNDEW FAMILY .- Sundew, Drosera rotundifolia.
TRILLIUM FAMILY .- Indian Cucumber-root, Medeola Virginica ; Nodding Trillium (Wake Robin), Trillium cernuum.
VERVAIN FAMILY .- Blue Vervain, Verbena hastata.
VINE FAMILY .- Woodbine, Ampelopsis quinquefolia ; Wild Grape, Vitis Labrusca.
VIOLET FAMILY .- Blue Violet, Viola palmata ; Yel- low Violet, Viola pubescens; White Violet, Viola
33I
NATURAL HISTORY
blanda ; Birdfoot Violet, Viola pedata ; Arrow-leaved Violet, Viola saggitata; Common Blue Violet, Viola cucullata.
WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY .- Arrow-head, Sagittaria variabilis.
WATER-LILY FAMILY .- White Water Lily, Nymphœa odorata ; Yellow Pond Lily, Nuphar advena.
WEEDS.
" More in the garden grows Than the gardener knows."
Professor Bailey, of Brown University, says there is no intrinsic difference between a weed and any other plant.
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