Our country and its people; a descriptive and biographical record of Bristol County, Massachusetts, Part 38

Author: Borden, Alanson, 1823-1900; Boston History Company, Boston, pub
Publication date: 1899
Publisher: [Boston] Boston History Company
Number of Pages: 1399


USA > Massachusetts > Bristol County > Our country and its people; a descriptive and biographical record of Bristol County, Massachusetts > Part 38


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Among the prominent persons who died in New Bedford during a few years prior to 1830 were the following: March 18, 1826, Abraham Smith, postmaster for twenty years; September 29, 1826, Capt. John Howland, aged eighty five years; October 5, 1826, William B. Rotch, son of Benjamin Rotch, aged twenty-three years; December 21, 1826, Deborah, widow of Capt. Philip Howland; January 30, 1827, Elizabeth, wife of William Rotch; July 18, 1827, William West, aged seventy-four years; July 28, 1827, Sylvester Greene, aged ninety years; May 16, 1828, William Rotch, aged ninety-four years; June 16, 1829, Joseph Bourne, many years a selectman, aged forty-one; August 22, 1829, Gilbert Russell, aged sixty-nine years.


At a meeting held December 20, 1824, the Selectmen were author- ized to employ "four good and sufficient persons to keep a night watch for four months" from that time and two men during the remainder of the season. The number of watchmen was increased in 1829, doubt- less on account of the riots before mentioned. A special meeting was held May 23, 1826, at which it was voted that a petition be sent to the Legislature for a "public gaol " to be located in New Bedford, for the use of Bristol county.


357


THE CITY OF NEW BEDFORD.


Among the business men and firms in the village in 1830 were the following :


William C. Maxfield, tailor; John Bailey, britannia ware; Mr. Negus, lessons in penmanship; Brightman & Barstow, spars, planks, ship timbers, etc. ; Wing Russell, medicines; E. W. Greene & Co., dye stuffs, vitriol, etc .; Oliver Swain, boots and shoes; Macomber & Sullings, S. & C. S. Tobey, Philip Anthony, Coggeshall, Rich- mond & Vose, dry goods: Jacob Parker, chains, anchors, gunpowder; William Eddy, general stock; Francis Taber, jr., & Co., hardware; Ivory H. Bartlett, salt, corn; F. S. Alden, woolens, yarns; Oliver Crocker, general stock; Frederick Bryant, hard- ware; Watson Ellis, cabinet maker; Paul Ewer, shoes; Isaac Howland, jr., & Co., cordage; Benjamin Hill, West India goods; Dyre & Richmond, coppersmiths; Ed- ward Stetson, quadrants, etc.


At the annual town meeting in 1830 the boundaries of most of the streets and roads were fixed and proper monuments set; each of the latter was a block of granite, the upper end nearly on a level with the surface of the ground. The following list gives the dates, previous to 1830, when very many of the important streets were accepted as public highways:


Union Street April 26, 1769. Seventh street May 14, 1807. Spring street, first part __ March 22, 1800. Russell street March 21, 1821. [At an early period this second May 8, 1824. School street, first part __ March 22, 1800. was called Halifax street. ]


Wing street March 29, 1821.


South street March 20, 1808.


third


66


May 10, 1809.


Walnut street. March 14, 1796. North Second st., first part. May 13, 1784. second . May 3, 1794. Bush street May 14, 1807.


third - May 4, 1795. fourth M'ch 22, 1796. Purchase street, first part __ May 4, 1795. second 66 Aug. 24, 1802.


Ray street May 14, 1798.


William street May 4, 1795.


Elm street, first part April 6, 1800.


second May 13, 1808. third April 5, 1819. fourth March 20, 1804. Fourth street, first part_ _ March 22, 1800.


second May 14, 1807.


second Jan. 30, 1796. third April 13, 1829. Fifth street, first part March 22, 1800.


second May 9, 1806.


third May 2, 1818.


fourth " ยท March 29, 1821.


third 66 May -, 1798. second April 6, 1829.


High street May 8, 1800.


fourth 66 April 5, 1813. Sixth street, first part March 22, 1800.


Charles street May 15, 1807.


Mill street


March 30, 1806.


Pleasant street


March 30, 1806.


fourth March 28, 1831.


Middle street, first part May 13, 1788.


Second street, first part_March 22, 1800. second -April 22, 1823. Third street, first part .. March 14, 1796. second May 8, 1797. third May 14, 1807.


Water street, first part March 8, 1769. second March 13, 1788. First street March 10, 1796.


second May 14, 1807.


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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.


North street Sept. 8, 1787. Maxfield, second part. .. April 26, 1808.


Hillman street April 26, 1808. Willis street, first part. Aug. 24, 1802.


Maxfield street, first part __ M'ch 22, 1796. second May 14, 1812.


The insurance business, which ultimately became an important factor in the financial activity of New Bedford, was inaugurated in the charter of the Mechanics' Insurance Company, June 9, 1831, with capital of $100,000, for marine risks only.1 During the period under considera- tion in this chapter the village was highly prosperous in all material respects. This opened a wider field for local newspapers, and in re- sponse to public demand the New Bedford Courier was started by Ben- jamin T. Congdon on June 12, 1827.2 In June, 1833, the words Weekly Lyceum, were added to the title, and on February 26, of the following year, the Workingmen's Press, a paper started in May, 1832, was con- solidated with the Courier. The establishment was then in possession of Harris & Burroughs, who bought out Mr. Congdon; it soon passed again to the latter and was continued by him until July 2, 1834, when he sold to Jeremiah Harris and Charles W. Rexford, by whom the title was changed to the New Bedford Gazette and Weekly Courier, and publication continued in connection with the Daily Gazette. In No- vember of the same year Rexford withdrew and Mr. Harris edited the paper until 1838, though the printers and publishers after January 1, 1837, were J. Allyne & Co. The name was changed in 1838 to the New Bedford Weekly Advertiser, but neither that paper nor the Daily Gazette was published in 1839.3


1 Among insurance companies organized at later dates was the Pacific Insurance Company, which was formed February 9, 1839. The following board of directors was elected by the stock- holders: Elisha Dunbar, Abraham H. Howland, Thomas Nye, jr., Matthew Luce, Abraham Gifford, William C. Taber, Richard A. Palmer, Stephen N. Potter, Caleb S. Tobey, Jireh Perry, Frederick Parker, Isaiah Burgess, and William H. Stowell. Elisha Dunbar was the first presi- dent, and Samuel Lumbard, secretary. The capital was $100,000. This company took marine risks only.


The Whaling Insurance Company was organized in 1810 under the State laws. Its marine risks were limited to $5,000 on each policy issued. The officers were: George Howland, jr., president; J. H. Howland, secretary; Thomas S. Hathaway, Gideon Richmond, Edward L. Baker, Oliver C. Swift, B. S. Rotch, Wilson Barstow, Abraham H. Howland, Joseph C. Delano, Barton Ricket- son, Jonathan Bourne, jr., Edward W. Howland, S. W. Rodman, B. B. Howard, Clement P. Co- vell, directors.


2 A paper called the Old Colony Gazette made its appearance in 1808, the name of which was changed in 1811 to the New Bedford Gazette, and again in 1812 to the Bristol Gazette; in the last named year it was removed to Fairhaven, where it found a more numerous Democratic client- age It ceased publication July 10, 1813, at which time it was owned by Paul Taber.


3 Other papers that were started before the incorporation of the city were the Register, a daily and weekly, edited and published by William Canfield, started in 1839 ; it was continued as the Morning Register, and the New Bedford Register, by Canfield & Andros, in 1841. In 1845 it was being published by William Young.


359


THE CITY OF NEW BEDFORD.


Extensive public improvements were made between 1830 and the date of city incorporation. The most important of these was the intro- duction of street lighting, which took place in 1831, the illumination being supplied by "lanthorns;" the sum of $1,250 was appropriated that year for the purpose. In the next year sidewalks of flagstones were first laid in the village. It was in this year also that the penny post delivery of mail was introduced, as elsewhere noticed. In 1838 a short section of South Water street, south of Union, was paved as an experiment.1 It, of course, proved a success, and in 1839 the work was extended and South Water street to School street and Purchase street from Union to William were paved. In 1837 the first village directory was published by J. C. Parmenter, edited by Henry H. Crapo; it sold for seventy-five cents. On the 30th of April, 1838, subscription books for the construction of the first railroad out of New Bedford were opened. The New Bedford and Taunton Railroad was completed in 1840 and opened for traffic on July 1 of that year.


The cholera scourge which swept over the country in 1832, causing thousands of deaths in the South and West, did not gain a foothold in New Bedford nor to any considerable extent in Bristol county. The greatest precautions were promptly taken to prevent the introduction and spread of the malady. A vigilance committee was appointed, with broad powers, and the town treasurer was authorized to borrow neces- sary funds to carry out the sanitary plans of the committee. Samuel


The Daily Evening Bulletin and the Semi-Weekly Bulletin, started in 1842, edited by William Eddy in 1843, by Charles T. Congdon in 1844, and by Henry Tilden in 1845-6. During the year 1846 the evening edition was published tri-weekly and the name of the weekly was changed to The Weekly Bulletin and Advocate.


The Whalemen's Shipping List and Merchants' Transcript was first issued March 17, 1843, and was edited by Henry Lindsey until 1853, when he died ; the paper passed to Benjamin Lindsey, who conducted it to 1875, and sold to E. P. Raymond, who managed it from 1881; the present publisher is George R. Phillips. Its circulation is world-wide and it never had a competitor.


The Seaman's Reporter and Family Visitor, which was later the New Bedford Reporter and Whalemen's Visitor, appeared in July, 1844, edited by Joseph H. Smith; he was succeeded in 1849 by Charles H. Kingsford. Mr. Smith published also, from July 2, 1847, a semi-weekly called the New Bedford Reporter and Semi-Weekly Democrat.


Other publications that had short careers before 1817 were the Christian Philanthropist, Daniel K. Whitaker, editor, first appeared May 14, 1822. The New England Gazette, published in 1823 by Melcher & Rogers; consolidated in 1826 with the Weekly Mercury. The Bristol Reporter, started January 3, 1826, by Bigelow & Clark; lived only a short time. The New Bedford Advertiser, published less than a year beginning January 3, 1826, by Lindsey & Co. The Record of the Times, published in 1830 by Stephen S. Smith. The Morning Halcyon, Frederick S. Hill, editor, first issued October 18, 1843, as a daily, had a short life. The Advocate, started in January, 1844, by Henry Tilden. The Independent Press, started November 1, 1848, lived only a short time. Later papers are noticed farther on.


1 The record says concerning this first paving : "The work stands well, and it is believed that this mode of repairs for our streets will prove more economical than any heretofore adopted."


360


OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.


Rodman, jr., was chairman of the committee, which included thirty leading citizens.


The period of financial distress between 1834 and 1840 has been, per- haps, sufficiently dwelt upon in an earlier chapter of the general county history. Bristol county suffered less from the culminating panic than many localities, a fact that may be credited largely to the financial foundation existing in the whaling industry. During a few years there was depression in business and apprehension of still harder times in New Bedford; this was especially true in 1833-35. A public meeting was held January 16, 1834, to take into consideration the financial sit- uation. James Arnold presided. A committee consisting of James Howland 2d, Alfred Gibbs, Charles W. Morgan, James B. Congdon, John H. Clifford, and William W. Swain was appointed to prepare res- olutions and their report was adopted. Hon. John Reed represented the matter in Congress at Washington, stating that only three cities in the country had more vessels than New Bedford, and in none had they been more successfully employed. Continuing he made the following statement :


While in the full tide of success, suddenly and unexpectedly they [the people of New Bedford] have been plunged into almost overwhelming distress; trade and con- fidence are in a great measure destroyed and business stopped; they cannot fulfill their engagements, because they cannot sell their property for cash, or obtain any loan of money; many worthy and hitherto prosperous men have been ruined, and the future presents prospects awfully alarming and distressing. They believe the present calamity and distress are mainly owing to removing the deposits and the measures resulting from the removal. They earnestly entreat Congress to restore the deposits, because they see no other means of obtaining relief.


A memorial was adopted at a meeting held February 22, 1834, which bore the signatures of 832 citizens of New Bedford, as well as many others from neighboring villages, and was forwarded to Mr. Reed. This document set forth the deplorable situation and urged the estab- lishment of a national bank, claiming that such an institution would restore credit, security and prosperity.


The clouds of adversity were finally dispelled and the abiding energy and enterprise of New Bedford men and their faith in their own re- sources soon enabled them to rise above their discouraging circum- stances.


Continuing the necrological record during the period under consid- eration, the following names are found :


1830 .- February 24, Achus Sisson, aged eighty-two years ; April 17, Ezekiel Chand-


361


THE CITY OF NEW BEDFORD.


ler, aged ninety-six; July 19, Maj. John Coggeshall, aged seventy-three, an officer of the Revolution; August 30, David Kempton, aged fifty-two; December 16, Tim- othy Howland, aged seventy-eight.


1831 .- Benjamin Lindsey, aged fifty-four, original proprietor of the Mercury ; May 19, Ephraim Taber, aged eighty.


1833 .- January 25, Isaac T. Hathaway, aged thirty six, killed by a fall on the brig Hope; December 25, Paul Hathaway, aged seventy-eight.


1834 .- January 16, Isaac Howland, aged seventy-eight, a prominent merchant.


1835 .- January 1, David Kempton; January 6, Cornelius Howland; January 26, William Gordon, aged eighty-one, a Revolutionary officer; August 24, Philip Can- non, aged seventy-nine, a wealthy citizen and Revolutionary soldier; September 5, Thaddeus Swain. aged eighty-three.


1836 .- January 22, Samuel Tupper, aged seventy-eight, a hero of the Revolution; February 21, Ephraim Simmons, aged ninety-seven, a Revolutionary officer and worthy citizen; August 26, Deliverance Bennett, aged eighty, a Revolutionary sol- dier; December 9, Humphrey Russell, aged ninety-nine, a prominent member of the Society of Friends; December 24, Samuel Rodman, aged eighty-three, a leading merchant, and esteemed citizen.


1837 .- February 6, Silas Swift, aged ninety-two; January 22, Robert Wilson, aged ninety-five.


1838 .- July 21, Daniel Taber, aged seventy-four; he was the first male child born . in New Bedford.


1840 .- May 4, William Howland, aged eighty-four; November 21, Nathaniel Rogers, a prominent citizen.


1841 .- July 20, Capt. Joseph Dunbar, a successful retired shipmaster, aged fifty- four; August 6, Weston Howland, a prominent member of the Society of Friends, aged seventy eight; October 9. Joseph Ricketson, once cashier of the New Bedford Commercial Bank, a man of the highest character, aged seventy-one.


1842 .- January 16, John Hathaway, a Revolutionary pensioner, aged eighty-seven. 1844 .- June 16, Thurston Potter, aged eighty-six; July 24, Elihu Russell, aged eighty; August 8, Dea. James Tripp, aged sixty-five.


1847 .- March 18, Benjamin Drew, a soldier of the Revolution, aged eighty; June 15, Capt. Stephen Merrihew, a prominent citizen.


Both Methodist and Baptist churches were organized in New Bed- ford in early years. There were a few Methodists in the place before 1817, but in that year steps were taken looking to the formation of a church. Rev. E. S. Kibby was preaching Methodism at the Head of- the- River in the first years of the century and came down as early as 1807-08 to preach in Bedford. The class formed in 1817 comprised sixteen persons and the services of Rev. Benjamin R. Hoyt, of Sand- wich, were secured. After a short time a hall was rented of William Kempton on the southwest corner of Mill and North Second streets. In 1819 Benjamin F. Sayer, of Newport, settled in business in New Bedford and preached in that hall until June, 1820, when the confer-


46


362


OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.


ence supplied them with a pastor, in the person of Rev. Jesse Fillmore. A chapel was built in 1821; the first trustees were Z. Cushman, Joseph Stowell and Jonathan Tuttle. The Sunday school was organized in 1824. The Elm Street Building Association was formed in 1858 to erect a new church, and the present edifice, corner of Elm and County streets, was the result of their labors. The corner stone was laid May 20, 1858.1


The First Baptist Church was the result of a meeting of eighteen persons held on the 22d of June, 1813, in the house of Philip Cannon, jr. Articles of faith and covenant were there adopted and on June 30 a council met at the house of James Tripp and approved the former action. Services were held for a time in a hall on North Second street, the early ministers being Revs. William Bentley, of Tiverton, and J. Livermore, Samuel Nelson, B. Bates and L. Baker. Rev. George Hough was the first regular pastor, and was succeeded by Rev. Cyrus Babcock, who died just as he was about to assume his duties. The society purchased the old town hall, corner of South Second and School streets; this building was removed from the Head-of the River and was dedicated in July, 1817. The society was incorporated April 8, 1828, and steps were taken for the erection of a house of worship. A


.


1 The Fourth Street Methodist Church was the first one formed through withdrawal of mem- bers from the society above described. In 1831 a chapel was built and during that and the follow- ing years Rev. Asa Kent preached for the congregation. The final full separation took place in 1843. The church prospered and in 1851 still another congregation was formed from its members. In 1860 the church was enlarged and remodeled to its present proportions at a cost of more than $6,000; further repairs and improvements were made in 1881.


The congregation that withdrew from the Fourth Street society is now the Allen Street Church. The purchase of the Allen street property was accomplished under the pastorate of Rev. Moses Chase in 1851, and the exodus of members from the old church continued for some years. The meeting-house had then been standing about nine years and was formerly used by the Christian Baptists. The building was subsequently extensively repaired.


The Pleasant Street Methodist Church had its inception in 1842-3, the records for the first six- teen years of its existence having been lost. A chapel called the Little Free Meeting-House was occupied in 1843, and the organization of the society took place May 19, 1844. In 1843 the old build- ing was cut in twain and about twenty feet inserted in the middle; this addition was taken out when the chapel was converted into a parsonage in after years. The present edifice, or the greater part of it, was built in 1848. Additional land was purchased in 1867, and the church was extensively enlarged and interior improvements made at a cost of $9,000.


The Primitive Methodists organized a society in August, 1888, and were supplied with local and visiting preachers until April, 1889. The Howland chapel was engaged for services and in February, 1890, the society was incorporated. When the chapel (which was built to accommo- date operativesand others, in the vicinity of the Wamsutta Mills) would no longer suffice for the new church, a lot was purchased on Weld street and the present building erected.


Besides these, a Portuguese Methodist society was organized in June, 1891, which has had a prosperous existence since; the Bethel African Church was organized in 1842 and a house of wor- ship built the same year; this was burned in 1854 and the present church was built on Kempton street. The African M. E. Zion society was formed in March, 1850, and the house of worship on Elm street was built the next year.


363


THE CITY OF NEW BEDFORD.


lot was secured in the spring of 1829 and the building was erected in the following year; it received an addition in 1833. It has been im- proved considerably since that date.1


This was a period of great religious activity and large church exten- sion. Steps were taken towards the organization of an Episcopal so. ciety in the village in 1833, when a meeting was held on the 2d of October to consider the matter. There the following officers were elected: Pardon T. Mumford, senior warden; I. G. Harris, junior warden; Joseph R. Shiverick, James Cannon, John Fuller, Francis L. Brigham, Greene Carr and Benjamin Mumford, vestrymen. It was also voted to take the name, Grace Church. The first service was held by Rev. Nathaniel T. Bent, a missionary from the Episcopal Convoca- tion, on December 15, 1833. The society first worshiped in what be- came the old Advent chapel on Kempton street, but then situated on Middle street. In 1834 a lot was bought on Union street, and on July 30, 1835, the corner stone of a wooden church was laid. After a period of rather sluggish existence, a new rector was secured in 1854 and new life was infused into the society, the debt was extinguished and meas- ures adopted for building a new edifice of stone. A fund was started which gradually increased and amounted to $4,000 at the beginning of the rectorate of Rev. George A. Strong, in 1879. To this was added the gifts of Susan E. Rodman and her sister, Mrs. Horatio Hathaway, swelling the fund to $20,000. The corner stone of a handsome stone structure on the corner of County and School streets was laid Septem- ber 11, 1880. It was finished in the following year. The building is enriched by several beautiful memorial windows, and in the tower is the first chime of bells in the city. On Easter day, 1891, the congre- gation subscribed $20,000 toward the erection of the parish building for social, missionary and industrial purposes, and at the same time a


1 The North Baptist Church was organized October 17, 1873, after about a year of efficient preliminary work by prominent Baptists of that vicinity. The society then comprised thirty members. Rev. Obadiah E. Cox was called to the pastorate in January, 1874, but was succeeded a year later by Rev. Charles A. Snow. The present eligible site for the church was purchased and the edifice erected, largely through the efforts of Augustus A. Greene. The church is sup- ported by voluntary contributions and has always met its obligations.


Besides these two leading Baptist societies, there is the Second Baptist (colored) society, formed in 1844, which purchased the remainder of the Frederick L. Dewey school house which had been partially burned. This was repaired and fitted for worship, and in 1886 was exten- sively improved. Also, the Salem Baptist (colored), which was formed in December, 1858, by withdrawals from the Second Church. The house of worship, then known as the Center chapcl, was purchased, and by 1860 was wholly paid for; the society raised about $12,000 in thirteen years, and was very efficient in all directions.


364


OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE


generous parishioner gave the lot for the edifice. Following is a list of the pastors of this church from the beginning :


Nathaniel T. Bent, 1833 to November 19, 1838; Therdore W. Snow, 1838 to August, 1841; Thomas R. Lambert, October, 1841, to Novem- ber, 1845; George D. Wildes, September, 1846, to February, 1848; Sanford J. Horton, D.D., May, 1848, to November, 1851; Charles W. Homer, September 13, 1852, to 1854; Spencer M. Rice, February, 1855, to the spring of 1860; Josiah P. Tustin, D.D., September 3, 1860, to April, 1862; James Mulcahey, D.D., September, 1862, to 1869; Ed- mund Rowland, D. D., November, 1869, to December, 1878; George A. Strong, Easter, 1879, to February 9, 1889; Edmund Swett Rousman- iere, June 16, 1889, to the present time.1


In the Universalist faith, services were held in New Bedford in com- paratively early years, and usually by ministers from Providence. The first pastor, whose name appears in the records, was Rev. Alanson St. Claire, who was present at a meeting held November 2, 1833, to or- ganize a society. Action was taken for this purpose under a warrant issued by Alden Bradford. The organization was completed and on January 6, 1834, the first officers were elected. At a meeting held April 19, 1836, a constitution for a Universalist society was agreed upon and on the 25th of April a warrant was issued to Asa Pierce and Henry H. Crapo, to legally call a meeting for the election of officers. The following were elected: Caleb Thaxter, moderator; Asa Pierce, clerk ; Wright Brownell, Allen Taber and Slocum Allen, standing committee; Nathan Burgess, treasurer; Seth McFarlin, Reed Haskins and Asa Pierce, assessors; Allen Taber, collector. A committee was appointed to select a site for a meeting-house. The result was the selection and purchase of the lot, corner of Fifth and School streets, where an edifice was completed about the middle of the following September. Rev.




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