USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Somerville > Report of the city of Somerville 1881 > Part 11
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5
3}
=
=
5 mos.
=
Not any Damp
10 feet from house; vault full. 13 4
4
=
4 7
*
=
"
Machinist
=
6
DIPHTHERIA IN 1881. - INSPECTOR'S REPORT.
District.
Waste pipe not trapped. Drain pipe near w. c. defective .. Satisfactory.
Upholsterer
Irish
23
212 b
DIPHTHERIA IN 1881. - INSPECTOR'S REPORT. - Continued.
No. of Family.
Nationality
Occupation of Head of Family.
No. of
Patient.
Box of Patient.
Age of
Patient.
Date of Sickness.
Result.
Soil.
Locality.
House Drainage.
Condition of Cellar.
Privy.
Remarks.
43
English
Carpenter.
54
Male Female . .
13
April
Clayey Gravel. .
Fair
Waste pipe not trapped ; drain pipe defective
Basement rooms
Water-closet iu cellar ; offensive.
55
Male .
6
5
Sand
44 45
American =
Butcher
57
Male
14
4
Clayey Gravel.
46 47
Irish
Laborer
48
Americau
Salesman
=
10
Clayey Gravel.
Good
Waste p. not trapped ; into cesspool 2 feet from house Drain pipe not trapped.
49 50
=
Stock broker
62
=
3
May
Fatal ..
8
Fair
Waste pipe not trapped.
Damp.
51
Currier
64
81
10
Waste p. not trapped; into cesspool 10 feet from house .
8 feet from house
Wooden box for waste and d. p. defective.
65 66
Male Female
35 34
Sand . Clayey Gravel ..
Low Good
Drain pipe defective. . Soil pipe not ventilated
Damp
54 55
=
Apothecary
69
2
Fatal
5
W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective .. Waste pipe not trapped; drain pipe defective
Basement rooms
Water-closet in cellar ; offensive ..
Entire drainage defective.
71
26
Fatal.
56 57
=
Printer
10
Clay
=
Waste pipe not trapped ; soil pipe not ventilated. Waste pipe not trapped .
Damp
Water closet in cellar; offensive. Water-closet in b. room ; offensive.
58
Salesmau
75
29
76
4
77
2
13
7
Good
Waste pipe not trapped.
Damp
Water-closet in bath room. Water-closet in b. room ; offensive. Adjoining house ; offensive. 15 feet from honse.
64 65
American ...
Meat pedlar
82
Female . .
1
8
Clayey Gravel ..
Fair
83
Male
6
7
Good
Waste pipe not trapped; drain pipe defective W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. aud d. p defective ..
Damp.
66 67
Dentist
85
Wood & coal dealer.
86
7
1
7
2
6
2
=
=
1
2
4
July.
3
Low.
Basement rooms.
American
Clerk
92
9
7
Good
Waste pipe not trapped. Waste p. not trapped; into cesspool 4 feet from house. W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective .. Fair
Damp
Water-closet in cellar ; defective . .
Entire drainage defective.
=1
1
8
G
1
Male
4
Fatal
1
97
3
Clay
2
Clayey Gravel ..
Irish
Machinist
99
2
Fatal ..
1
44
1
5
102
2
44
103
22
1
3
Fatal ..
1
W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective .. :
Damp
Water-closet in cellar ; offensive ..
Entire drainage defective. .
.
7
53
Widow
68
16
70
Female .. =
8
3
79
Male Female
10
7
Clayey Gravel ..
46
Soil pipe not ventilated.
Drain pipe in cellar defective.
G
Fair
Soil pipe not ventilated.
78 79
Female 12
June
80
5
7
Irish
Laborer
81
Male
4
1
Clay
Low
Drain and waste pipe not trapped Waste pipe not trapped.
Damp
20 feet from house.
Jeweller
84
Female .. Male
4 64
Female Male
Defeet in d. p. near water-closet. Water-closet in b. room ; offensive.
15 feet from house ; vault full.
[sickness.
74 75
76 77
Irish Americau ...
Teamster
Damp
Water-closet in cellar; defective
Entire drainage defective
78 79
Police officer
98
12
August
15 feet from house. 10 feet from house ; offensive.
Water-closet in cellar ; offensive ..
Entire drainage defective.
American
100 101
7
. .
46
Soil pipe not ventilated. Drain pipe not trapped Waste pipe not trapped. Waste p. not trapped ; into cesspool 4 feet from house W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective. .
Child taken sick away from home.
80 81
82 83
Laborer
Female .. Male
Manuf. of extracts. 10-
58
11
4
Sand
Good Fair
Into cesspool 4 feet from house. Waste pipe not trapped ; out on surface
Danıp
Adjoining house ; offensive.
Water-closet in cellar; offensive. 15 feet from house ; vault full
Cow shed and manure heap 8 ft. from house.
61
=
4
5
Clay Clayey Gravel ..
7
Fatal.
52
None
67
3
Basement rooms
Water-closet offensive.
Third time this patient had diphtheria.
73 74
= =
Nova Scotia .. American
Male 16
Sale-man Sea captain
Minister
Drain pipe defective; into cesspool 12 feet from house
63
Milkman
Damp and offensive
Drainage out on surface ; 45 feet from house. Staguant water adjoining house.
69 70 71 72 73
Nova Scotia .. Americau . Irish
Carpenter
Female
Laborer
91
3
Fatal ..
1
Sand Clay
Defect in drain pipe near water-closet Insufficient supply of water in water-closet, Waste pipe not trapped.
Drainage put in good condition just before
Male .. . Female ..
Laborer
93
94 95 96
Conductor
Bookkeeper
68
Musician
Trader
87 88 89 90
Machinist
7
Clerk
7
59 60 61 62
Milkman
63
=
56
Widow
Female .
40
5
English.
Cigar mannfacturer.
59 60
Female ..
7
District
53
28
5
Soil pipe not ventilated.
Male =
8 feet from house ; vault full.
Telegrapher
1
44
Fatal
Fatal
46
Damp
212 c
DIPHTHERIA IN 1881. - INSPECTOR'S REPORT. - Concluded.
¡ No. of
Family.
Nationality.
Occupation of Head of Family.
No. of
l'atient.
Sex of Patient.
Age of
Patient.
Date of Sickness.
Result.
Soll.
Locality.
House Drainage.
Condition of Cellar.
Privy.
Remarks.
84
American
Laborer
105
Male
19
August . ..
1
Clayey Gravel. .
Fair
W. p. not trapped; connection of w. and d. p. defective ..
Damp
Offensive ..
Entire drainage defective.
85 86
Irish
Stable keeper Laborer
108
=
G
1
Good Fair.
Connection of soil and drain pipe defective ... W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective ..
10 feet from honse ; vanlt full.
87 88
111
Female Male
2
Fatal ..
1
Clay
Low. =
44
113
2
October.
1
91
115
5
Fatal ..
G
Clayey Gravel. .
Fair.
Drain pipe defective.
Basement rooms
10 feet from honse ; vault full.
116
3
9
118
7
119
Female . . 12
46
American Irish
Wood and coal Laborer
121
Male 44
3
1
Clay
Fair.
American
Painter
123
13
Fatal
1
Low
Good
Irish
Laborer
125
6
Low.
W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective. Entire drainage defective
Damp.
Nova Scotia ..
Harness maker
2
4
Clayey Gravel. .
Fair.
Waste pipe not trapped ; drain pipe defective
Not any. . .
Adjoining house ; offensive.
100 101
American Irish
Carpenter. Blacksmith.
130
Male
6
A 10 4
Clavey Gravel .. Sand
Low
Drainage not ventilated. Waste pipe not trapped.
Opening in d. p. in cellar . .
10 feet from house.
Irish
Laborer
134
13
November. .
Fatal
Clayey Gravel.
Low
No drainage facilities. Soil pipe not ventilated.
American Irish
Clerk
135
4
=
=
Low
Grocer
137
Male
Provisions
138
Female .
6
2
..
46
9
Sand Clay
Good Low
W. p leaking; connection of w. and d. p. defective Drainage not venti ated.
Damp
Water-closet in b. room ; offensivc.
Offal and slops thrown in yard.
Male Female . . Male
10
8
6
4.
4
. .
44
"
2
46
152
Female ..
23
Fatal ..
3 Sand
46
Slater
153
10
1 Clavey Gravel. . Sand
Low.
Not any.
118
Cnrrier
154
Laborer
155
Male
1
Clayey Gravel ..
Waste pipe not trapped. Defect in drain pipe ... Waste pipe not trapped.
Damp
8 feet from house. 6 fcet from house ; vault full. Adjoining honse ; offensive.
G
September .
Fatal ..
1
Sand
Waste pipe not trapped ; drainage out on surface. W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d p. defective.
Not any.
=
Damp
114
Female .. Male
6
4
Clayey Gravel ..
Good
Defect in drain pipe in cellar ... W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective. . Waste pipe not trapped. 44
Damp
Vault offensive. 10 feet from house. Water-closet in cellar ; defective.
Taken sick away from home.
Salesman
124
66
10
October. .
G
Fatal ..
2
November .. October .. .
6J
Female . . 7
131 132 133
131 1
Male . . Female .. Male
8 -T CO
=
Good
Laborer
136
Female . .
1
4
46
1
Fair.
W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective .. Waste pipe not trapped. =
Damp
20 feet from house ; vaults full. 10 44
American ... 4
Salesman
139 140
Male Female =
41 8
December .. =
Fatal ..
3
=
10
=
9
4
113 114 115 116
American Irish
Restaurant
Damp
Laborer
13
Clayey Gravel ..
Fair
2 3
Waste pipe not trapped. . W. p. not trapped ; connection of w. and d. p. defective .. No drainage facilities.
Not any .
64 10 feet from house ; vault full. 30 Adjoining house ; vault full. Vault full.
151
5
. .
6
. .
7
3
Printer
141
Carpenter.
142
Salesman Laborer
143
Clayey Gravel ..
Good
Waste pipe not trapped ; drain pipe defective Into cesspool adjoining house.
Basement room Damp
5 feet from house ; vanlt fnll. Water closet iu cellar.
Nova Scotia. American .. Irish
112
102 103 10- 10: 106 107 108 103 110 111
92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
117
Female . Male
120
3 1
Low
122
1:27
126 Female . . Male . . Female .
128 129
7
1
Vault full.
89 90
106
4
107
3
Fatal
7
=
3
109 110
8
112
3
Grocer
144 145 146 147 148 149 150
Female . . Male Female . . Male
44
4 1
| District.
1 Clayey Gravel. Clay Sand 4
213
MEASLES, WHOOPING-COUGH. - The epidemic of measles referred to in our last report died out in the first quarter of the year 1881, to be succeeded by the whooping-cough. The first cases of this disease came to our knowledge in the month of May, since which time it has prevailed extensively, and has been the cause of eight deaths. At the present time, the disease prevails in many sections of the city.
SMALL-Pox. - We are fortunately able to report that our city has not yet been visited by this disease. During the year it has prevailed to a greater extent throughout the country than at any time since the epidemic of 1872 and 1873. Many cities and towns in this State have had cases during the year. Two years ago, after referring to the prevalence of the disease in many parts of this country and Europe, we called attention to the fact that at irregular intervals the susceptibility of communities to the disease was marked, and that we believed that we were then entering upon such a period. Impressed by these facts, we urged that provision should be made for a general vaccination of all persons in the city who were not vaccinated, and the city physician was instructed to provide virus and be prepared to vaccinate any persons who might come to him for that purpose. It will be seen by referring to his reports that but twenty-eight were vaccinated in 1880, and forty- six in 1881. It seems to us that although the people generally believe in the protective properties of vaccination, they from various causes neglect to avail themselves of its protection ; and were it not that children are not supposed to be admitted to our schools until after they have produced proofs of their vaccination, the probabili- ties are that a very large number would attain their majority with- out having been vaccinated. Many of those vaccinated during the year were children who were about to enter school ; and a few were children attending school, whose teachers discovered that they had not been vaccinated. The parents' statement should not be taken in any case. A certificate from a physician in good standing should be required, or else ocular proof of successful vaccination should be insisted on. When we consider the prevalence of the disease in so many parts of the country at the present time, and that cases are appearing in new places in this State, we feel justi-
214
fied in saying that our people should not wait until it makes its appearance in our midst, but should at once protect themselves by vaccination. The city physician will vaccinate free of charge all persons who are unable to pay for it. In view of the possibility of the disease assuming the form of an epidemic in the State, and that we may be prepared to take such measures as may seem to us under the circumstances advisable, we would ask, in addition to the amount usually appropriated for this department, the sum of $1,000.
CHOLERA INFANTUM. - Although not a disease " dangerous to the public health " in the sense in which the term is used in the General Statutes, it will be seen on reference to our mortality tables that it is very dangerous to the public health, and adds largely to our mortality. During the past four years it was the cause of 142 deaths. During the same period, diphtheria caused 119 deaths, scarlet fever 38 deaths, typhoid fever 24 deaths, whoop- ing-cough 10 deaths, and measles 5 deaths. As a result of our investigation of the causes of this disease, two facts stand out prominently : viz., a very large percentage of those attacked were children who were brought up on the bottle ; and of those who were thus nourished, a very large majority died. Very few nursing children took the disease; and of those nursing children who did take the disease, almost all recovered. The important fact to re- member in this connection is, that all women should nurse their children, unless advised to the contrary by their physicians ; if it should happen that the mother is unable to nurse her child, or un- able to procure a wet-nurse for it, she should see that it is provided with pure cow's milk. The house and its surroundings should be examined, and any and every thing that might contaminate the air should be removed. During the summer months, removal to the country or the seashore would be desirable ; and in lieu of this, tak- ing the child out frequently during the day into the open air would be beneficial.
DISTRICTS.
We have continued our record of deaths, dangerous diseases, and nuisances in the ten health districts of the city, which districts
215
were described in full in the first and second annual reports of this board.
The boundaries of the districts, the locations of sewers built prior to Jan. 1, 1879, and the location of each case of scarlet fever, diphtheria, and typhoid fever reported in 1881, are shown by the accompanying map.
The soil in Districts I., II., III., V., VI., VII., VIII., and X. is chiefly clay or clayey gravel, there being considerable ledge in Districts VII. and VIII. In District IV. and in a part of Dis- trict IX. the soil is sandy, while in the remainder of District IX. it is clay and clayey gravel. Districts I., III., and IV., and that part of District VIII. bordering on Mystic River are of a low elevation ; the general elevation of the remainder of the city is high ; parts of Districts II., V., VI., VII., VIII., and X. ranging from 90 to 145, feet above mean low tide.
The following statistics are shown by the four succeeding tables viz. : -
First. - The area, estimated population, number of dwellings, and average number of people per dwelling in each district in 1881, with the deaths for the last eight years (exclusive of deaths in the McLean Insane Asylum), and the rate per thousand of population.
Second. - The five principal causes of death in Somerville in 1881, with the number of deaths from each of these causes, and the rate per thousand of population in each district.
Third. - The number of cases of scarlet fever, diphtheria, and typhoid fever in each district reported in 1881, with the number of these cases that have up to this date proved fatal, and the num- ber of cases and of deaths per thousand of population.
Fourth. - The number of nuisances abated in each district in 1881.
TABLE OF DEATHS IN EACH DISTRICT DURING THE LAST EIGHT YEARS, EXCLUSIVE OF DEATHS IN THE MCLEAN ASYLUM.
Districts
..
1
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
Entire City.
Area ...
337 A.
107 A.
93 A.
171 A.
361 A.
285 A.
194 A.
482 A.
174 A.
456 A.
2,660 A.
Population ...
4,802
4,686
1,816
3,222
5,038
1,113
2,753
820
1,464
645
26,359
In 1881.
Dwellings ....
734
683
287
503
820
256
449
161
275
137
4,305
Average in each dwelling.
6.5
6.9
6.3
6.4
6.1
4.3
6.1
5.1
5.3
4.7
6.1
No. of
Deaths.
Rate per 1,000.
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Deaths.
Rate
No. of
Rate
No. of
Rate
No. of
Deaths.
per 1,000.
No. of
Rate
per 1,000.
Deaths. No. of
per 1,000.
Deaths.
per 1,000.
No. of
Rate
No. of
Deaths.
Rate
per 1,000.
1874 ..
147
37
53
14
24
16
86
33
67
16
34
37
26
11
17
25
18
15
00
00
475
22
1875 . .
.. .
149
37
84
22
26
17
56
21
75
18
29
32
32
14
13
19
15
12
N
15
486
22
1876.
113
30
62
17
17
12
62
24
78
20
23
26
25
12
=
17
25
22
10
20
426
21
1877.
126
32
57
15
18
12
57
22
61
15
31
34
29
13
12
18
32
27
or
10
428
20
1878 .
92
22
50
12
32
21
53
19
53
12
24
25
32
14
15
21
17
14
13
375
17
1879.
92
21
50
12
29
18
62
22
77
17
14
14
22
9
14
19
16
12
9
16
385
16
1880
104
23
56
ão
34
20
55
18
70
15
30
28
32
12
19
24
12
10
11
18
423
17
1881.
111
23
64
14
41
23
48
15
62
12
36
32
38
14
18
22
19
13
00
12
445
17
8 years . . . .
934
28
476
15
221
00
479
22
543
15
221
33
236
12
119
21
154
16
60
15
3,443
20
216
YEAR.
No. of
Rate
No. of
per 1,000.
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Rate
Deaths.
Rate 1
No. of
Rate
Deaths.
per 1,000.
217
TABLE SHOWING THE FIVE PRINCIPAL CAUSES OF DEATH IN SOMER- VILLE IN 1881, WITH THE NUMBER AND RATE IN EACH DISTRICT.
CONSUMPTION.
PNEUMONIA.
DIPHTHERIA.
CHOLERA INFANTUM.
HEART DISEASE.
DISTRICTS.
No. of
Deaths.
No. per
1,000 of pop.
No. of
Deaths.
No. per
1,000 of pop.
No. of
Deaths.
No. per
1,000 of pop.
No. of
Deaths.
No. per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths.
No. of
1,000 of pop.
I ..
10
2.08
16
3.33
18
3.75
11
2.29
6
1.25
II.
11
2.35
6
1.28
3
0.64
5
1.07
III.
5
2.75
3
1.65
7
3.85
4
2.20
1
0.55
IV.
7
2.17
9
2.79
5
1.55
5
1.55
V ..
00
1.59
5
1.00
2
0,40
6
1.20
4
0.80
VI ..
5
4.49
6.30
3
2.70
6
5.39
2
1.80
VII ..
4
1.45
6
2.18
2
0.73
1
0.36
VIII.
3
3.66
2
2.44
3
3.66
2
2.44
1
1.22
IX.
3
2.05
1
0.68
1
0.68
3
2.05
X.
1
1.55
1
1.55
Total.
56
2.12
56
2.12
44
1.71
36
1.37
22
0.83
TABLE OF SCARLET FEVER, DIPHTHERIA, AND TYPHOID FEVER IN EACH DISTRICT IN 1881.
SCARLET FEVER.
DIPHTHERIA.
TYPHOID FEVER.
DISTRICT.
Cases
reported.
Proved
fatal.
Cases per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths per
1,000 of pop.
Cases
reported.
Proved
fatal.
Cases per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths per
1,000 of pop.
reported.
Proved
Cases per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths per
1,000 of pop.
I.
42
17
8.75
3.54
46
2
9.58
0.42
II ..
11
1
2.35
0.21
20
3
4.27
0.62
2
1
0.42
0.21
III.
3
1.65
20
8
11.01
4.55
5
1
2.75
0.55
IV.
2
0.62
22
9
6.83
1.86
8
3
2.48
0.93
V.
5
0.99
10
2
1.98
0.40
4
0.79
VI
9
3
8.09
2.70
VII.
2
0.73
17
2
6.18
0.73
1
1
0.36
0.36
VIII
11
3
13.41
3 66
2
2.44
IX.
2
1.37
1
6 69
2
1.37
·
X
3
1
4.65
1.55
1
1.55
Total
25
1
0.95
0.04
155
45
5.88
1.71
71
8
2.69
0.30
Cases
fatal.
No. of
218
NUISANCES ABATED IN EACH DISTRICT IN 1881.
District.
I.
II. ĮIII.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
Total.
Population.
4802
4686 1816 3222 5038 1113
2753
8:20
1464
645
26359
Cellar damp
11
4
4
1
6
26
Cesspool defective
1
1
66
overflowing.
1
8
1
1
2
14
Connections of waste with drain- pipes defective.
11
13
5
9
7
6
3
54
Dead dog in cellar.
1
Drainage defective
11
8
14
1
2
8
1
4
49
9
2
3
8
1
2
1
30
21
2
2
5
10
1
2
6
1
50 2
Drain-pipe broken and leaking
66
defective ..
7
2
7
2
2
2
2
2
26
not trapped.
2
1
6
1
2
12
1
1
3
2
1
Filth in cellar
6
1
2
1
1
1
1
Hennery offensive ...
1
1
1
1
1
15
2
2
3
3
2
1
3
3
5
1
2
1
9
Offensive materials carted through streets
1
1
6
1
1
2
3
13
Opening in drain-pipe in cellar
1
1
1
3
Slaughter-house offensive
1
1
Slops thrown on surface.
10
1
1
16
Soil pipc not ventilated.
1
5
1
2
1
10
Stable and stable premises filthy
3
1
1
1
2
8
Stagnant water in housc cellar
20
9
2
33 8
10
1
2
1
2
4
1
1
...
110
12
4
24
17
16
3
2
4
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
13
€6
offensivc.
25
7
13
4
7
2
5
80
Wagons washed on sidewalk.
3
1
1
1
6 1
66
leaking
97
58
43
20
22
5
25
11
3
3
287
1 2
1
2
1
6
Water-closet defective.
5
5
insufficiently supplied with water
2
1
1
2
1
1
8
water.
2
1
3
8
8
66
not ventilatcd.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
Water.course polluted
1
Well water unfit for use.
12
4
2
2
1
1
22
426
138
119
108
115
39
83
32
26
22
1108
...
offensive ..
2
1
3
1
emptying in cellar emptying on surface.
1
.
1
8 6 12
Hens kept in cellar.
1
2 4 28
Manure exposcd and offensive
Offal in cellar
66 on land.
Offensive odor in and about dwell- ings.
.
. .
.
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
..
on surface
Vault full.
7
22 199 3
not properly constructed.
5
15
1
1
Waste-pipc defective.
1
not supplied with
not trapped.
..
1
1
offensive.
1
1
1
Wooden wastc· pipes and drains
66
66
in stable cellar
..
1
Grease rendered in open kettle.
. .
on premises.
7
stopped up.
.
leaking .
2
not trapped.
stopped np
1
.. MAP OF~
SOMERVILLE,
1879. SCALE
Showing Locations of Diseases Dangerous to the Public Health, for the year 1881.
REMONT
SANGEN
DAKLEMIR
AYL.
D
D
E
F
0
M
A
BOSTON
LOWELL
DITÝ
HINCKLEY ST.
LOWELL ST.
SANTANDER AV.J
HENNY LIND AV
MURDOCK ET
VI
ACTION ST.
BERKLEY
LINDEME
C.Powder Buda
CITY
X
RAILROAD.
LAUREL
GRANITE
.
GRFOLK
AVE.
SUMMER
THAN
III
ZAN
Sewers shown thus:
ELN
Sewer Outlets,.
COTTAGEÆE
DE
SOMERWILL
FITCHQUAG
SEACON
"CH
775
57.
47.
C
M
B
R
I
D
E
Diphtheria, A
Fatal cases,. .. Typhoid 16
...
-
NONTH
AVE.
BOST
1. IN
T
S
EASTERN
VIII
. F.
AVE.
AVE.
MYSTIC
WILL POND
GRANT
WHEATLAND
CHAUACEP
PARK,
AVE.
FLOREY
PINCK
MYIT
ASTERN
..
AUTENNI
AG.U.R.R.
MAIN
BROADWAY
ADAMS ST.
SYCAMORE
THURSTON
SCHOOL
WALNUT
. ASYLUM
AUBURN AV.
TUFTS 37
CHISTN
AVE.
BOSTON
MAPLE
MYSTIC
Tufts College.
COLLEGE AVE
LING
CURTIS
NYSTIC
PMDGPEC
CENTRAL
SUMMER
SOMERVILLE
NISV8-0.2>
ROADWAY.
sx
HIGHLAND
CHERRY
SONMUY
PORTER
AVE
CUTTER
DAVIS
G
CAMERON
MEACHAM
DOYER
AUS
...
LINE
EINE.
LINGTON
5T.
BELMONT
DANE
RAILROAD.
NOJONINSYM
CLARENOON
NEWAUR
DIM HICK
Boundaries of Health Dists. REPORTED CASES, 1881
Scarlet Fever, ....
ARLIN
ALKWIFE
BROOK.
LECH
HOLLAND
ARLINGTON
BesTow Av.
EAST
CAMBRIDG
COLUMBUS
ELN
CLYDEST
SCHOOL
PRESCOTT
PUTNAM
VINAL
ALDEMSEY
MYSTIC
G.V.
APPLETONST
MEDFORD
LINE
ST.
TENNYSON 37.
RAILROAD.
MILLER'S RIVER
HIGHLAND
MAARTICK ST.
VACUUMS
BOSTON & MAINE
ST.
BROADWAY-
PARKER 5
DERBY ST.
WINTHROP
BROADWAY.
VER NON ST
HEATH ST.
MYSTIC RIVER BR.A.R.
FITCHRURO
O
AUSTINSK
MAIN
RIVER
HALDEN PRIOREL
NGTON
219
APPROPRIATION FOR HEALTH DEPARTMENT AND EXPENDI- TURES THEREFROM, 1881.
$2,800 00
Appropriation,
Expended : -
For collecting ashes,
$1,185 70
66 offal,
500 00
" burying dead animals,
17 50
" fumigating,
111 00
" sulphur,
2 69
" vaccine virus,
2 00
" serving notices,
4 16
" books, printing, stationery, postage, and advertising,
87 80
" carriage hire,
5 00
" labor,
3 75
" salary of inspector,
500 00
66 66
66 clerk,
100 00
2,519 60
Balance unexpended,
$280 40
REGULATIONS.
The following is a copy of Sect. 5 of Chap. 26 of the General Statutes, relating to boards of health, and authorizing such boards to make sanitary regulations : -
" The board shall make such regulations as it judges necessary for the public health and safety, respecting nuisances, sources of filth, and causes of sickness, within its town, or on board of ves- sels within its harbor ; and respecting articles which are capable of containing or conveying infection or contagion, or of creating sickness brought into or conveyed from its town, or into any ves- sel. Whoever violates any such regulation shall forfeit a sum not exceeding $100."
The following are all the regulations adopted by this board before the printing of this report : -
220
OFFICE OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH, SOMERVILLE, Oct. 17, 1878.
SCARLET FEVER.
Whereas, Scarlet fever is a disease contagious and dangerous to the public health ; and whereas, it is now prevalent in the city of Somerville : therefore the Board of Health issues the following notice : - That on and after Oct. 17, 1878, the following provis- ions of Chap. 26 of the General Statutes will be strictly en- forced : -
" SECT 47. When a householder knows that a person within his family is taken sick of any disease dangerous to the public health, he shall im- mediately give notice thereof to the board of health in the town in which he dwells. If he refuses or neglects to give such notice, he shall forfeit a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars.
"SECT. 48. When a physician knows that any person whom he is called to visit is infected with any disease dangerous to the public health, he shall immediately give notice thereof to the board of health of the town; and if he refuses or neglects to give such notice, he shall forfeit for each offence a sum not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars."
And it is hereby ordered that no child from any house in which a case of this disease has occurred, or shall hereafter occur, shall, without a written permit from this board, attend any school in this city until the expiration of four weeks from the commencement of the last case in such house. Such length of time shall be certified in writing by a physician or some responsible member of the family ; the certificate to be presented to the teacher of the school, before the child is admitted.
OFFICE OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH, SOMERVILLE, Oct. 23, 1878.
SUGGESTIONS FOR PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF SCARLET FEVER.
Scarlet fever, scarlatina, scarlet rash, canker rash, and rash fever are names of a contagious and infectious disease of varying degrees of severity, but in which all the forms are capable of con- veying the most severe type.
221
The contagious matter is capable of retaining its power to carry the disease for a long time. The means of transporting the con- tagion of scarlet fever may be furnished by anything that has come in contact with an infected person or object, - air, food, clothing, sheets, blankets, whiskers, hair, furniture, toys, library books, wall paper, curtains, cats, dogs, etc. Funerals have occasionally spread the disease, the exhalations from the dead body being also dan- gerous.
The period from exposure which results in scarlet fever, to the time when the symptoms manifest themselves, varies from several hours to three and possibly four weeks. The average time is vari- ously given from six to eight or ten days.
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