USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Somerville > Report of the city of Somerville 1895 > Part 26
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To HIS HONOR, THE MAYOR, AND THE CITY COUNCIL : -
Gentlemen, - We respectfully submit the following as the eigh- teenth annual report of the Board of Health, in which is presented a statement, tabulated and otherwise, of the sanitary condition of the city and the business of the Board for the year ending December 31, 1895.
ORGANIZATION.
Chairman, Alvano T. Nickerson. Clerk, William P. Mitchell. Agent, Caleb A. Page.
NUISANCES.
A record of nuisances abated during the year, in compliance with notices issued by the Board, or under the Board's direction, is pre- sented in the following table, under the head of months when the complaints were made : -
.
4
ANNUAL REPORTS.
NUISANCES ABATED IN THE YEAR 1895.
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September.
October.
November.
December.
Total.
Cellar damp
5
1
3
4
1
2
3
5
31
Cesspool offensive .
Cesspool overflowing
1
1
2
1
8
Connections of drainage pipes de- fective .
3
5
2
4
1
1
2
1
3
2
24
Cow barn offensive
1
2
3
5
2
2
1
1
2
3
2
27
Drainage emptying into cellar
1
2
3
2
1
2
1
12
Drainage emptying on surface
2
1
3
3
2
3
14
Drainage not ventilated
4
6
1
2
2
1
1
2
19
Goats kept in cellar
1
Hennery offensive
1
1
1
6
Hens kept in cellar
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9 3
Manure exposed and offensive
2
6
1
1
2
4
3
5
2
1
1
28
Manure-pit defective
3
5
2
1
1
5
1
2
1
1
1
1
24
Offal on land .
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
2
13
Offensive odor in and about dwell- ings
4
3
2
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
24
Opening in drain-pipe in cellar
3
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
14
Premises untidy
3
5
2
6
7
4
2
2
3
1
35
Privy-vault defective
7
4
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
26
Privy-vault full
28
3
6
9
13
2
4
1
2
3
1
72
Privy-vault offensive
32
4
12
10
20
9
39
13
12
5
6
4
Rabbits kept in cellar
2
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
8
Sewage flowing under floor
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
12
Sewer-gas in house
3
4
1
2
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
1
28
Slops thrown on surface
2
2
1
1
3
1
2
12
Stable infected with glanders
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
Stable and stable premises filthy and offensive
1
2
1
1
1
1
7
Stable without drainage
1
1
1
2
9
Stagnant water on surface
5
2
3
1
5
3
4
1
4
2
30
Waste-pipe not trapped
1
3
1
2
3
1
2
13
Water-closet defective .
2
5
3
6
1
2
1
1
1
1
23
Water-closet insufficiently sup-
4
1
1
2
3
11
Water-closet offensive
1
2
7
Water in cellar
2
3
1
1
10
Water under stable
1
2
1
2
10
Total
139
73
66
81
80
58
76
52
42
43
43
61
814
1 .
1
1
2
1
7
Drainage defective
4
2
1
1
2
6
Feeding cows on decayed fruit
1
Goats kept without license
1
1
2
1
1
1
Horse shed offensive
1
1
4
5
Premises filthy
1
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
3
2
1
166 1 15
Rubbish under stable
1
1
1
2
1
2
. .
1
1
6
Waste-pipe defective
plied with water .
1
1
1
1
. .
1
2
2
1
....
·
2
3
16
Pigs kept without license
14
Rubbish in cellar
1
1
. . .
1
2
Drain-pipe defective
1
1
4
·
2
2
1
5
H -REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
Number of nuisances abated 814
Number of nuisances referred to Board of 1896 173
Number of nuisances complained of 987
Number of complaints (many covering more than one nui- sance) 507
Number of notices mailed
480
Number of notices served by constables
19
In addition to the above, many nuisances have been abated on verbal notice from the Agent, without action by the Board, and of which no record has been made.
Glanders. - Six cases of glanders have occurred during the year. Prompt action was taken in every case, and the horses have been killed. We renew our request of previous years, that owners of horses notify the Board or its Agent, at once, on the appearance of this disease. We renew our request sent to the Committee on High- ways last year, that the committee use great care to have the water- ing troughs cleaned out occasionally, in order to prevent the spread of this disease.
PERMITS.
The record of permits to keep swine, and goats, to collect grease, and to remove manure, is as follows : -
Swine .- Thirty-four applications were received for permits to keep two hundred and five swine. Thirty-one permits were granted to keep two hundred swine, and three permits were refused. The fee is one dollar for each swine.
Goats. - Seven applications were received for permits to keep eight goats, all of which were granted. Fee for each goat, one dollar.
Grease. - Three applications were received for permits to collect grease, one of which was refused. The fee is two dollars. One of the parties licensed resides in Somerville, and the other in Charlestown.
Manure. - One permit was issued during the year for the carting of manure through the streets of the city in the daytime, between May 1 and November 1. All permits issued for the removal of manure from the stables in the city in the daytime, or for carting through the streets of the city, remain in force until revoked. No fee is charged for these permits.
6
ANNUAL REPORTS.
PEDLERS.
One hundred and seventy-one certificates of registration were issued to hawkers and pedlers during the year, -an increase of eleven over the year 1894. These certificates are issued under Ordinance number thirty of the Revised Ordinances of 1891, and are good for an indefinite period. All pedlers are required to present their vehicles for inspection by the agent of the Board at the Police Station, the first Monday of each month, so that he may see that they are kept in a clean condition and are properly marked with the owner's name and number.
ASHES.
Prior to January 1, 1895, ashes and house dirt were removed by contract, the cost for the year 1894 being fifty-seven hundred dollars.
During the past year these materials have been removed by this department, with teams owned and men hired by the city, under a competent superintendent, who also superintends the collection of house offal.
The cost has been greater than under the contract system, but the results have been most satisfactory; complaints, which before were constant, having practically ceased.
Nine men, with six horses and carts, are employed in the work.
The number of loads collected each month during the year was as follows :
January
2,268 loads.
February
1,640 66
March
1,724 66
April
1,964 66
May
1,802
June
1,327
66
July .
820
66
August
800
66
September
886
66
October
1,352
66
November
1,367
66
December
1,717
66
Total
17,667 ..
7
H - REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
The collections are made weekly, as follows :
Monday
in district one.
Tuesday
two.
Wednesday
66 three.
Thursday
66 four.
Friday
66 five.
Saturday
66
six
Materials for removal must be free from filth and offal, must be placed in barrels or boxes, and must be set on the outer edge of the sidewalk before seven o'clock in the morning of the day when the collection is to be made.
The districts were established by the Board of Health of 1890, and are bounded as follows : -
DISTRICT 1 .- Beginning at the Boston line and bounded by the northeasterly line of Pearl street, the southeasterly line of Walnut street, the northeasterly line of Highland avenue, the easterly line of Medford street, the northerly line of Washington street, the north- westerly line of Prospect street, the northerly line of Concord avenue, extended across Beacon street to the Cambridge line, and by the Cambridge and Boston lines.
DISTRICT 2 .- Beginning at the Boston line and bounded by the northeasterly line of Pearl street, the southeasterly line of Walnut street, the northeasterly line of Broadway, the northeasterly line of Main street, and by the Medford and Boston lines.
DISTRICT 3 .- Beginning at the Medford line and bounded by the southeasterly line of Cedar street, the northeasterly line of Highland avenue, the southeasterly line of Walnut street, the northeasterly line of Broadway, the northeasterly line of Main street and by the Medford line.
DISTRICT 4 .- Beginning at the intersection of Medford and Wash- ington streets, and bounded by the northerly line of Washington street, the northwesterly line of Prospect street, the northeasterly line of Somerville avenue, the southeasterly line of School street, the northeasterly line of Summer street, the southeasterly line of Cedar street, the northeasterly line of Highland avenue, and the easterly line of Medford street to Washington street.
8
ANNUAL REPORTS.
DISTRICT 5 .- Beginning at the intersection of Prospect street and Somerville avenue, and bounded by the northwesterly line of Prospect street, the northerly line of Concord avenue prolonged to the Cambridge line, the Cambridge line (extending westwardly), the southeasterly lines of Oxford, Mossland, and Cedar streets, the northeasterly line of Summer street, the southeasterly line of School street, and the northeasterly line of Somerville avenue to Prospect street.
DISTRICT 6 .- All of that portion of the city lying west of the southeasterly lines of Cedar, Mossland, and Oxford streets.
It will be seen by these descriptions that the side lines of streets are used as boundaries, and not the middle lines; so that ashes are removed from the sidewalks on both sides of a street on the same day.
HOUSE OFFAL.
The same change that was made at the beginning of the year in the collection of ashes, was adopted at the same time in the removal of house offal, and with even more gratifying results.
The inadequacy of the contract system had been fully demon- strated after many years' experience, and it was a source of great annoyance and discomfort to the people.
The cost, under the contract for the year 1894, was $6,855, exclusive of the maintenance of the wagons and sleds, which were the property of the city.
It was well understood that the change would largely increase the expense, but, in the judgment of this Board, the efficiency of the service and the general satisfaction afforded fully compensate for the outlay. The cost under the contract system, if continued, would naturally have been more in 1895 than in the previous year, owing to the rapid growth of the city.
The force employed consists of sixteen men, with eight horses and wagons.
The cost for the past year was $10,487.11, in addition to the Superintendent's salary and the equipment and maintenance of the teams and stable, which would be chargeable, proportionately, to this work and the collection of ashes. The amount of eight hundred
9
H -REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
dollars, received for the offal sold, should be deducted from this expense, as should also the present value of the equipment. (See table of receipts and expenditures at end of this report.)
The following table, showing the number of loads collected each month during the year, may be of interest.
460 loads.
January
February
389
March
416
66
April
420 66
May
432 66
June
400
66
July
300
66
August
300 60
.
September .
456
October
416
November
415
December
419
Total
4,823
60
NIGHT SOIL.
The removal of night soil has been made by R. M. Johnson of Arlington during the past year, and has been carried on by the "Odorless " process.
The contract price which the owner or occupant is charged is four dollars for every load, or part of a load, of eighty cubic feet. An order box for the removal is kept at the Police Station on Bow street.
The collection of night soil during the year has been very small, as the old-fashioned privy-vaults have been almost entirely removed.
STABLES.
The following is a copy of an Act of the Legislature of 1895, Chapter 213, relating to the licensing and regulating of stables in cities : -
SECTION 1 .- No person shall hereafter erect, occupy, or use for a stable, any building in any city whose population exceeds 50,000, unless first licensed so to do by the Board of Health of said city, and in such case only to the extent so licensed.
10
ANNUAL REPORTS.
SECTION 2 .- The foregoing provisions shall not be construed to prevent any such occupation and use which may be authorized by law at the time of the passage of this Act, to the extent and by the person or persons so authorized ; provided, however, that the Board of Health, of any such city, may make such regulations or orders respecting the drainage, ventilation, number of animals, and the storage and handling of manure, in any existing stables in their re- spective cities as in their judgment the public health requires.
SECTION 3 .- Whoever violates the provisions of this Act, or of any regulation or order made pursuant thereto, shall be punished by a fine of five dollars for each day such offence continues ; and any court having equity jurisdiction may restrain any such erection, occupa- tion, or use contrary to the provisions of this Act. (Approved April 4, 1895.)
The number of petitions received for licenses to erect stables, under the above law, was fifty-five.
Number granted
37
Number refused
18
DEATHS.
There were eight hundred and thirty-eight deaths and fifty-four stillbirths in the city during the year, as specified in the following table, which shows a decrease of deaths from the previous year of thirty-five.
Deaths of children under one year of age . 66 over one year and under five years 90
161
at McLean Asylum during the year 15
66 " Somerville Hospital during the year 32
6 " Home for Aged Poor . 27
11
H-REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
+ MORTALITY IN SOMERVILLE IN 1895.
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September.
October.
November.
December.
Total.
ZYMOTIC DISEASES.
MIASMATIC.
Scarlet fever
8
5
2
1
1
17
Diphtheria
4
1
6
6
4
. ..
2
3
2
3
4
8
43
Typhoid fever
1
1
1
2
4
1
10
Erysipelas
1
1
2
Diarrhoea
2
2
6
Cholera morbus
. .
1
2
4
13
10
1
1
32
Whooping cough
1
1
2
Rheumatism
1
1
2
Croup
1
1
1
1
2
6
La grippe
2
6
8
Meningitis
2
2
5
2
2
1
3
2
3
1
23
Measles .
1
1
CONSTITUTIONAL DIS- EASES.
DIATHETIC.
Anæmia .
1
2
4
Cancer
4
2
1
3
4
3
1
1
3
3
2
27
Tumor
1
. .
1
2
4
TUBERCULAR.
Tuberculosis
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
16
Phthisis .
7
9
6
10
15
9
7
7
4
4
9
4
91
LOCAL DISEASES.
NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Apoplexy
3
1
6
1
3
1
4
2
1
4
26
Paralysis
2
1
1
1
2
4
2
3
18
Insanity .
1
1
Brain diseases
3
3
1
2
1
1
2
15
Convulsions
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
2
12
Spinal disease
1
2
Hemiplegia
1
1
2
Epilepsy
1
1
Myelitis .
1
1
1
1
. .
4
ORGANS OF CIRCULATION.
Heart disease
4
6
8
5
12
1
2
2
4
2
6
8
60
Aneurism
Angina pectoris
2
2
Cyanosis
4
Hypertrophia
1
2
RESPIRATORY ORGANS.
Pneumonia
16
24
11
6
5
3
1
3
2
8
11
9
99
Bronchitis
4
5
2
1
1
1
1
1
5
21
Hemorrhage
.
1
6
Pleurisy .
1
1
2
Asthma .
1
1
Laryngitis
1
1
....
.. .
1
1
3
Emphysema
1
....
....
1
1
1
4
. .
1
2
1
1
1
..
1
7
Tubercular meningitis
1
1
1
1
Dysentery
1
1
1
..
....
2
Pulmonary œdema
1
..
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
...
. .
...
1
2
. .
1
1
.
..
Cholera infantum
12
ANNUAL REPORTS.
MORTALITY IN SOMERVILLE IN 1895. - Concluded.
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September.
October. .
November.
December.
Total.
LOCAL DISEASES.
DIGESTIVE ORGANS.
Gastritis
1
2
3
1
1
8
Peritonitis
1
2
1
1
2
1
8
Hepatitis
2
1
1
1
5
Liver disease
1
1
Gastric ulcer
1
1
1
Enteritis
1
1
1
1
3
17
Hæmatemesis
1
1
1
..
Hernia
1
1
1
1
1
3
Appendicitis
1
2
1
1
1
1
07-1
Cirrhosis
1
1
1
GENITO-URINARY ORGANS.
Bright's disease
2
1
5
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
21
Diabetes
1
1
1
1
2
6
Cystitis
1
1
1
1
1
Nephritis
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
14
Childbirth
1
1
2
Eclampsia
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.
Abscess .
1
1
1
2
1
6
Pemphigus
2
Eczema .
1
1
1
..
DEVELOPMENTAL DIS- EASES.
OF CHILDREN.
Inanition
2
3
2
2
. .
1
2
2
2
2
2
3
23.
Premature birth and congenital debility. . .
2
2
4
2
4
3
1
2
3
1
26
OF OLD PEOPLE.
Old age
·
.
1
8
4
10
1
2
1
3
2
4
2
2
40
VIOLENT DEATHS.
Railroad
1
1
1
1
1
5
Suicide
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
Accidental poisoning
1
1
1
1
Asphyxia
1
3
Accidental drowning
1
1
2
Burning .
1
1
1
3
Alcoholism
1
1
2
1
2
Fracture of hip
1
1
2
Surgical operation
1
1
Total
84
97
77
73
70
47
55
85
58
60
62
70
838
Stillborn
4
8
6
5
2
6
4
2
6
4
7
54
Population (estimated)
52,600
Death rate per thousand
15.9
3
2
8
3
1
3
..
Jaundice
...
1
1
. .
.
2
1
1
2
4
Concussion of brain
1
....
5
3
4
13
H -REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
DISEASES DANGEROUS TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH.
This Board has adjudged small pox, scarlet fever, diphtheria, typhus fever, and typhoid fever to be contagious and dangerous to the public health, within the meaning of the statutes. Physicians are required to report immediately to the Board, every case of either of these diseases coming under their care, and postal cards conven- iently printed and addressed, are supplied to them for the purpose.
Scarlet Fever .- Two hundred and seventeen cases of scarlet fever have been reported during the year, seventeen of which resulted fatally. In 1894 there were four hundred and fifty-two cases, fifty- one of which resulted fatally.
Diphtheria .- Two hundred and forty-six cases of diphtheria have been reported during the year, forty-three of which were fatal. In 1894 there were one hundred and ten cases, twenty-eight of which proved fatal. Warning cards are used in dealing with scarlet fever and with diphtheria, and the premises are fumigated immediately after the termination of a case. An inspection is made by the agent of the Board, of the premises where diphtheria is reported, and all sanitary defects discovered are required to be remedied as soon as possible.
Typhus Fever .- This disease has not appeared in our city during the past year.
Typhoid Fever .- Sixty-one cases of typhoid fever have been re- ported during the year, ten of which have proved fatal. In 1894 there were fifty-eight cases reported, thirteen of which were fatal.
Small Pox .- The city has been free from this disease during the year.
Tables .- The prevalence of scarlet fever, diphtheria and typhoid fever in the city during the several months of the year 1895 is shown by the following table, and in the table next following is given the number of deaths from these three diseases, by months, during the last ten years : -
14
ANNUAL REPORTS.
SCARLET FEVER, DIPHTHERIA, AND TYPHOID FEVER REPORTED IN 1895.
SCARLET FEVER.
DIPHTHERIA.
TYPHOID FEVER.
MONTHS.
Cases
Reported.
Number of
Deaths.
Percentage
of Deaths.
Cases
Reported.
Number of
Deaths.
Percentage
of Deaths.
Reported.
Number of
Deaths.
Percentage of Deaths.
January
44
8
18.1
12
4
33.3
7
....
14.2
February
51
5
9.8
6
1
16.6
1
1
100.
March
23
2
8.7
20
6
30.
April
20
1
5.
27
G
22.2
2
May .
18
....
6
....
..
. .
1
1
100.
July .
10
1
10.
7
2
28.5
4
4
2
50.
September .
12
....
....
17
2
11.8
7
....
..
October
7
...
....
31
3
9.
21
4
19.
November .
12
....
..
. .
....
....
56
8
14.3
4
1
25.
Total .
217
17
8.
246
43
71.4
61
10
16.4
DEATHS FROM SCARLET FEVER, DIPHTHERIA, AND TYPHOID FEVER IN THE LAST TEN YEARS.
SCARLET FEVER.
DIPHTHERIA.
TYPHOID FEVER.
MONTHS.
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1886.
·1887.
1888.
1889.
1890.
1891
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
January .
1
5
. .
. .
: : -
:1298
1 2 1 12:1:21
1:12
3
2
1
1
1 122:2
22:12
6 4 6 19917
.
February
March
1
1
4
1
May
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
2
1
4
1
1
1
4
2
2
1
1 3
2
September
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
October
6
1
:
2
1
4
1
3
4
5
1
1
:
.
:
.
1
1
Total
3
31 15 7
5
2
14 19 51 17
20
11 21 28 21 18
8
11 28 43
3
11 17
7
10 11 11 13 13 10
. .
23
4
17.
2
..
June .
12
August
3
....
7
3
4
12.
8
...
December .
5
December
10
1
: :
:
:2223 2 3
1
1
3
4
2
3
1
1
3
4
November
11
. .
2
1
5
: -:
1
1
1
1
July
1
1 1 ==: : : :
1
6
1
1
June
1
August
1
1
April .
:
1
:
-
-
-
1
-
: N:
..
42.8
.
1
...
..
. .
: : : :
1
.
.
2
1
34
Cases
MAP OF
RIVER.
ST
25
ASTAN
VIII
MYSTIC
AVE
S
0 200 400 600 800 1000
1500
3300
4000
4500
TALE
SHOWING HEALTH DISTRICTS.
N
MAIN
M
E
D
F
0
R
BROADWAY
HOZG.
BOSTON
AND
BOSTON
LOWELL
1. 5.
RAI
NGP
12913
PROFESSORE
NIUMOT
CEDAR
SCHOOL
ST.
RAYMOND
ABLETON JE
TR
CHAUR
CLARK
contego
C
III
VIN S
ver
SEWERS SHOWN .THUS -
016
SOMFRY
Nº13.
NEXT
Nº 12.
Nº9
C
A
M
E
R
I
D
G
E
CHESTER
SIIN
AVE
MILLER'S
DEAN
UNPIJ
NABON
INGTON
HALL S
LLAND
VOSaWIS
O
LEZ
Nº 19.
R
MYSTIC
SOMERVILLE
1896
CHE
T
RAIL ROAD.
ASYLU
TUFTS
COLLEGE
ALLEGE
44807
MBRIDGE.
ARLINGT
PTT
AVE
ETLIOTYPE FINESTE CO. BIJTEN
15
H -REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
DISTRICTS.
The accompanying map shows the boundaries of the ten health districts into which the city was divided by the Board of Health of 1878; also the locations of common sewers.
A record has been kept from year to year of the number of deaths, the death rate per thousand, the prevalence of dangerous diseases and the number of nuisances abated in these several dis- tricts, and is continued in the following tables.
The estimated population in the several districts was originally based on the number of assessed polls in each, and upon the population of the entire city; the ratio of polls to population being presumed to be the same in all the districts. Substantially the same method of estimating the population has been continued, the census of every fifth year being taken as a basis for calculation.
We have obtained the number of dwellings and of assessed polls, May 1, 1895, from the assessors' books, by actual count, as was also done for the year 1894, instead of assuming, as had been done in former years, that their increase was uniform throughout the city.
16
TABLE OF DEATHS IN EACH DISTRICT DURING THE LAST TEN YEARS, EXCLUSIVE OF DEATHS IN THE MCLEAN ASYLUM.
Districts
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
Entire City.
Area
337 A.
107 A.
93 A.
171 A.
361 A.
285 A.
194 A.
482 A.
174 A.
456 A.
2,660 A.
Population
6,936
5,382
4,504
5,357
10,418
5,278
6,389
2,410
3,617
2,309
52,600
' Dwellings
1,034
961
771
923
1,929
1,031
1,160
459
707
554
9,529
Average in each dwelling
6.7
5.6
5.8
5.7
5.4
5.1
5.5
5.3
5.1
4.1
5.5
Number of
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
Rate per 1,000.
Deaths.
Rate
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
Rate
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
Rate
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
Rate
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
per 1,000.
Number of
Deaths.
Rate
per 1,000.
1886
115
20
51
9
38
17
59
15
85 87
14 13
37
28
44 62
13 17
11 20
11
20 26
11
19
24
479
15
1888
148
23
68
11
44
18
62
14
117
18
33
22
50
13
16
14
28
14
13
15
579
16
1890
140
19
69
9
18
17
94
19
139
18
46
27
59
14
27
22
26
12
15
15
663
16
1892
139
17
75
0
42
13
76
14
144
16
65
34
59
12
27
19
44
17
25
22
696
16
1893
161
18
80
9
63
16
.94
16
180
20
64
20
72
14
23
13
26
9
27
18
790
15
1894
157
22
66
12
86
19
117
21
188
00
70
13
64
10
13
17
37
10
27
11
855
16
1895
136
19
76
14
91
20
94
17
184
17
77
15
67
16
29
12
29
00
40
17
823
16
Average death rate per 1,000 for ten years.
20
10
18
17
15
24
14
17
....
12
16
...
16
ANNUAL REPORTS.
In 1895.
.
.
125
16
67
9
48
17
85
17
105
14
28
17
62
15
19
15
26
12
17
17
582
15
1891
169
22
71
9
68
23
103
20
120
15
75
42
77
17
33
25
33
14
12
12
761
18
1887
182
29
54
9
45
19
81
19
37
$25
19
14
12
14
606
18
1889
YEAR.
Rate
Rate
Rate
Rate
--
.
Rate
Number of
17
H -REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
TABLE SHOWING THE FIVE PRINCIPAL CAUSES OF DEATH IN SOMERVILLE IN 1895, WITH THE NUMBER AND RATE IN EACH DISTRICT.
PNEUMONIA.
PHTHISIS.
HEART DISEASE.
DIPHTHERIA OLD AGE.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
1,000 of pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
1,000 of pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
1,000 of pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
1,000 of pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per 1,000 of pop.
I.
24
3.46
15
2.16
1.21
7
1.01
7
1.01
II.
5
0.93
10
1.86
1.11
6
1.11
5
0.93
III.
14
3.11
13
2.88
0.66
3
0.66
4
0.88
IV.
12
2.24
11
2.05
1.30
9
1.68
4
0.74
V.
22
2.11
13
1.25
A
1.34
13
1.25
12
1.15
VI.
5
0.94
1.70
3
0.57
2
0.38
3
0.57
VII.
8
1.25
1.57
8
1.25
2
0.31
12
0.41
IX.
5
1.38
4
1.11
3
0.83
1
0.28
. .
X.
1
0.43
4
1.73
2
0.87
....
....
2
0.87
Total .
99
1.88
91
1.73
60
1.14
43
0.81
40
0.76
TABLE OF SCARLET FEVER, DIPHTHERIA, AND TYPHOID FEVER IN EACH DISTRICT IN 1895.
SCARLET FEVER.
DIPHTHERIA.
TYPHOID FEVER.
DISTRICTS.
Cases
Reported.
Deaths.
Cases per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths per
1,000 of pop.
Reported.
Deaths.
Cases per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths per
1,000 of pop.
Reported.
Deaths.
Cases per
1,000 of pop.
Deaths per
1,000 of pop.
I. .
31
6
4.47
0.86
36
7
5.19
1.01
6
0.86
II.
16
1
2.10
0.19
23
0
4.27
1.11
10
4
1.86
0.74
III.
24
1
5.32
0.22
35
7.77
0.66
6
1.33
IV.
29
4
5.41
0.74
30
5.60
1.68
8
2
1.49
0.37
V.
43
1
4.13
0.09
63
6.05
1.25
5
3
0.48
0.29
VI.
16
1
3.03
0.19
=
2.08
0.38
3
. .
....
VII.
18
2
2.81
0.31
22
2
3.44
0.31
7
1.09
....
VIII.
11
4.52
. .
. .
....
IX.
10
2.77
....
9
1
2.49
0.28
6
1
1.65
0.28
X.
19
1
8.23
0.43
11
...
....
....
2.60
..
Total
217
17
4.12
0.32
246
43
4.68
0.81
61
10
1.16
0.19
2
0.83
CT
2.08
VIII.
3
1,24
00
Cases
10 000000
G
2.49
4
...
..
.. .
1.66
4.76
6
0.57
Cases
0.31
2896
DISTRICTS.
18
RATES PER THOUSAND OF POPULATION OF CASES OF SCARLET FEVER, DIPHTHERIA, AND TYPHOID FEVER REPORTED, AND OF DEATHS FROM THE SAME IN THE LAST SEVEN YEARS.
1889.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
AVERAGE FOR SEVEN YEARS
DISTRICTS.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
Scarlet Fever.
Diphtheria.
Typhoid Fever.
I.
.
.
§ Cases Deaths . ·
4.24 3.24 3.11 0.28 0.84 0.42
3.55 1.51 0.82 0.55 0.14 ....
2.05 1.80 0.77 . . ... 0.38
6.43 0.83 0.95 0.36 0.12 0.12 0.57 0.23 0.11
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