USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Somerville > Report of the city of Somerville 1924 > Part 6
USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Somerville > Report of the city of Somerville 1924 > Part 6
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to the dumps used by the department which are located in Medford and subject to the rules and regulations of the Board of Health of the City of Medford.
The Medford dumps are fast filling up and I recommend that Somerville take action in the near future to provide dump- ing facilities for its refuse.
Respectfully submitted, EDGAR T. MAYHEW, Supt. of Sanitary Dept.
112
ANNUAL REPORTS
REPORT OF SOMERVILLE PLANNING BOARD
December 31, 1924.
To His Honor. the Mayor, and Board of Aldermen.
Gentlemen :
As required by the provisions of Chapter 494 of the Acts of 1913 the Planning Board herewith submits its annual re- port, together with recommendations for the year 1925, as herein contained.
Organization
The Planning Board met and organized for the year 1924, the following members being present; John Williamson, George J. Rauh, Benjamin J. Surett and David JJ. Kelley. The Board elected John Williamson Chairman and David J. Kelley Secretary for the ensuing year.
Previous Recommendations
During the year 1924 the Planning Board has had month- ly meetings, but has been unable to go forward and complete its plans already begun with reference to zoning the city for the reason that the city government failed to provide sufficient funds for that purpose. This was due in large measure to failure on the part of the Board of Aldermen to take any defi- nite action on the recommendations previously made by the Planning Board. with particular reference to two matters ;
1. The matter of establishment of fire districts, which were great- ly needed.
2. The enactment of a suitable building code ordinance.
For these reasons His Honor, the Mayor felt that it would be useless to spend more of the city's money until the Board of Aldermen had taken some action based upon the recommen- dations made by the Planning Board.
However, at the December meeting of the Board of Alder- men an ordinance was enacted, establishing Fire Districts throughout the city, and the Mayor and Board of Aldermen are to be commended for this first step, which will provide future fire protection to our city, and in time will bring about
113
PLANNING BOARD.
a reduction in the high rate now paid for fire insurance pre- miums.
No action has been taken in reference to the building code submitted by the Planning Board for approval by the Board of Aldermen.
In addition to the recommendations above mentioned, the Planning Board has also previously made the following recom- mondations :
a. Establishment of playgrounds in different sections of the city ..
b. Mystic River Development.
c. Survey of the city, with special reference to information on real estate assessments.
(1. Enactment of a zoning ordinance.
Playgrounds
During the year 1924 the city government has taken action in one section of the city by purchasing an area in Ward 6 for playground development, but there are other sec- tions of the city still needing service, as shown on the Plan- ning Board plans in its office at City Hall. The Planning Board would be very glad to cooperate with a committee from the Board of Aldermen in reference to selecting suitable sites for playgrounds in different sections of the city, in accordance with information already available, so that the most desirable sites can be selected, which will give accommodations to the greatest number of children.
Mystic River Development
During the year there has also been a change in reference. to the Mystic River, and plans are now under way for the- development of land bordering on the river, which will mean additional taxable property, for the City of Somerville, and also additional responsibilities and expenses in connection with the development which is about to take place. The- Planning Board again urges upon the city government the necessity of taking some land on the river front to be utilized as a wharf by the city, before any new buildings or other de -- velopment has taken place which would increase the damages; to be paid for the taking.
Survey of the City
Nothing has as yet been done on the recommendation of the Planning Board for a survey of the city, especially with
114
ANNUAL REPORTS
reference to assessing of real estate. The City of Somerville is far behind the times in its present system of assessing real estate, as the method of assessment is more or less haphazard, and has depended in the nature of things on the individual judgment of the assessor or assessors who have had the work in hand. The neighboring City of Cambridge has at present the so called block system in operation, which has the city blocked off into districts, and has different land variously assessed according to the district on a scientific plan. While the Planning Board does not recommend the adoption of that particular system for Somerville, it, however, again strongly recommends that the Board of Aldermen take some action towards having a scientific survey of the city made, and a plan devised and carried into effect, which will equalize the assessment of real estate throughout the city, and relieve the present inequitable and unfair situation on assessment of real estate. This observation is in no way a criticism of the pres- ent Board of Assessors, as the Board is of the opinion that it is impossible for them to do any differently, unless they have assistance such as is outlined above.
Enactment of A Zoning Ordinance
The last report of the Department of Commerce at Wash- ington shows that approximately twenty-four million people living in two hundred and sixty-one municipalities through- out the United States are now enjoying the benefits of zoning. This report also shows that the greatest zoning center is in New York State, and Northern New Jersey, having the City of New York as its hub. In view of these facts, it is fair to say that the argument advanced against zoning by opponents of that measure to the effect that the City of Somerville is all built up, and thickly populated, has little or no weight, when we realize that the places where the zoning laws are being enacted, and are now in effect are more populous and more thickly built on than the City of Somerville. The idea of zoning has made a strong appeal in many states in the United States, and here in Massachusetts many of our cities have passed zoning ordinances. We have at the present time twenty-four cities and towns in Massachusetts that have been zoned, including among them the City of Boston, City of Cambridge and City of Medford, all adjoining cities. The Town of Arlington and Town of Belmont have also passed zoning ordinances, so that the City of Somerville is surrounded by towns and cities that have passed zoning ordinances that are now in effect. Although the City of Somerville on April 28, 1923 employed the Technical Advisory Corporation of New
115
PLANNING BOARD.
York to make a survey of this city for the purpose of furnish- ing information to be used later in drafting a zoning ordi- nance, Boston, Medford and Arlington, although they com- pleted their work later than Somerville, have been able to enact a zoning ordinance, while we are standing still, due to the inactivity of our Board of Aldermen.
This information is still available, but if we delay much longer it will mean this work accomplished at great expense will have to be done over again. The Planning Board again strongly recommends that a sufficient appropriation be made for the completion of our zoning laws, and that it be done without further delav.
The other objection that was made to the zoning law was that it had not been tried out, and might be illegal and unconstitutional. Both of these questions have been taken care of by recent decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, in the case of Spector vs Building Inspector of Milton, by decision filed Oct. 18, 1924, also Building In- spector of Lowell vs Joseph Stokloska, filed on the same date. Both of these cases passed on the legality of zoning, and also the constitutionality of the zoning ordinance.
However, the court says in both cases that the zoning ordinance must be drafted as a result of a general, compre- hensive plan carried out and enacted at one time, and cover- ing the whole city, and not the result of haphazard or piece meal legislation. The court in its opinion said that the enact- ment of a zoning ordinance was for the purpose of safeguard- ing the owners of homes within residential districts, and prevent the destruction of residential neighborhoods, so that the owners of the land in that area will not by their actions interfere with the ordinary comfort that should be obtained in residential districts for the health, safety and welfare of the public. The ordinance can also provide that districts can be changed from time to time as circumstances and conditions would warrant, so that the future growth and development of the city will not be hindered by the enactment of the ordi- nance.
Recommendations
The Planning Board again urges upon the city govern- ment the necessity of taking action according to the following recommendations :
1. A survey by a committee of the Board of Aldermen and the Plan- ning Board for the purpose of picking desirable sites for play- grounds.
116
ANNUAL REPORTS
2. Pending the operation of a zoning ordinance the Board of Alder- men should have in mind the following observations;
a. Public garages should be confined to business and industrial districts.
b. No garage for more than five cars should have an entrance or exit within two hundred feet of a playground, school or church, or within any residential district.
C. No machine shop in a public garage may be operated by an- engine or motor of over five horse power, and no repair work may be done out of doors on the street side.
d. No permits for the establishment of gasoline pumps may be given within twelve feet of the street line.
e. All private garages must be kept at least three feet from the side lot line, and set back from the street at least on a line with the houses built on the street, and not be allowed to pro- ject out, so that their doors open on the sidewalk.
f. There is a tendency to keep on building small stores in dif- ferent parts of our city, and also small industrial plants, which injure the neighborhood. This practice should be stopped.
In view of these tendencies it cannot be too strongly urged that Somerville immediately undertake the enactment of a zoning ordinance. A properly drawn zoning ordinance will regulate in the public interest the use, height and location of all buildings, and will generally be beneficial to all proper- ty owners in the city, and for their greater comfort and pro- tection.
Tax Assessments
The Board is of the opinion that the city has outgrown its present system of assessing real estate, although the Somer- vill system is no worse than those in a majority of Massachu- setts cities. Either the Planning Board or a competent special committee should be empowered to make a thorough study of methods and systems for scientifically fixing real estate values, and equalizing assessments, under the guide of specialists, and formulate plans for a new assessment system.
Appropriations
The Planning Board is aware that the Mayor and Board of Aldermen are not desirous of spending the money of the citizens unless an adequate return is made therefor. The Planning Board, however, is of the opinion that if it is given sufficient funds to carry out its program as outlined by the recommendations contained in this report the citizens of the city will benefit by the lower taxes and greater fire pro- tection and increased real estate values. The recent enact- ment of the ordinance creating fire districts recommended in several planning board reports will result in time in greater
117
PLANNING BOARD
fire protection to the citizens. This has been brought about in part through the appropriation made for the Planning Board in 1923. If the Mayor and city government grant the Planning Board a sufficient appropriation this year so that a zoning ordinance may be enacted, it will result in a stabiliz ing of real estate values throughout the city.
In order to carry out the recommendations contained in this report the Planning Board asks the cooperation of the city government by the appropriation of the sum of Ten thous- and dollars, in order that it may during the coming year submit a permanent zoning ordinance, and also submit a new code of building laws. If the recommendations contained herein with reference to assessment of real estate meets with the approval of the Mayor and Board of Aldermen the Plan- ning Board requests that a special appropriation of Five thousand dollars be set apart for this purpose, so that the Planning Board may work together, either with the city government or experts, and submit a plan for a new system for assessment of real estate.
Respectfully submitted.
JOHN WILLIAMSON, Chairman. GEORGE J. RAUH. DAVID J. KELLEY, Secretary.
118
ANNUAL REPORTS
BOARD OF HEALTH
ORGANIZATION - 1924 C. A. C. RICHARDSON. M. D., Chairman WESLEY M. GOFF JAMES A. KILEY.
Executive Clerk LAURENCE S. HOWARD
Assistant Clerk OLIVE M. STANLEY
Agent GEORGE I. CANFIELD
Medical Inspector and Bacteriologist FRANK L. MORSE. M. D.
Inspector of Animals and Provisions CHARLES M. BERRY, V. S.
Inspector of Milk and Vinegar HERBERT E. BOWMAN. Ph. G.
Milk Collector and Dairy Inspector WILLIAM H. WALLIS
Plumbing Inspector DUNCAN C. GREENE
School Nurses
GRACE M. ANDREWS, R. N. GLADYS M. GRANT, R. N.
Health Nurses
HELEN B. BERRY. R. N. MARY L. SCOTT, R. N. GRACE E. PICKERING. R. N.
Matron at Contagious Hospital LILLIAN E. GOULD. R. N.
119
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Office of the Board of Health, City Hall Annex, January 2, 1925.
To His Honor, the Mayor, and the Board of Aldermen :-
Gentlemen :-
We respectfully submit the following as the forty- seventh annual report of the Board of Health in which is presented a statement, tabulated and otherwise, of the sani- tary condition of the city and the business of the board for the year ending December 31, 1924.
Nuisances
A record of the nuisances abated during the year, in compliance with notices issued by the board, or under the board's direction, is presented in the following table:
Complaints referred from 1923 15 488
Complaints received during 1924 .
503
1
Complaints referred to 1925 .
1
Nuisances abated in 1924 .
502
Second and third notices sent .
23
Received during 1924
503
Total notices sent.
526
In addition to the above, 383 dead animals have been removed from the public streets and private premises. Many nuisances have been abated on verbal notice from the agent, without action by the board, of which no record has been made. Each spring the whole city is examined, and cellars, yards and alleyways where rubbish and filth have collected are required to be cleaned.
Record of Licenses and Permits Issued
GOATS. Eight applications were received for permits to keep thirteen goats, all of which were granted. The fee. is one dollar for each goat.
HENS. Forty-seven applications for permits to keep 767 hens were received. Thirty-three to keep five hundred thirty-two hens were granted and fourteen permits were re- fused.
120
ANNUAL REPORTS.
GREASE. Seventeen applications were received for permits for twenty-one teams to collect grease, which were granted. The fee is two dollars for each team.
MELTING AND RENDERING. Three parties have been licensed to carry on the business of melting and render- ing, for which a fee of one dollar is charged.
MASSAGE AND MANICURE. . Forty-six persons have been licensed to practice massage and manicure. The fee is one dollar for each license.
SALE OF ALCOHOL. The statutes provide that no person firm or corporation other than a registered druggist shall engage in the business of manufacturing, buying, sell- ing or dealing in methyl alcohol, or wood alcohol so called or denatured alcohol, or any preparation containing more than three percent of any of the said alcohols, without being li- censed so to do by the board of health.
Under the provisions of this act sixteen licenses have been issued. A fee of one dollar was received for each license.
BOTTLING. CARBONATED BEVERAGES. Chapter 303. Acts of 1921 provides that no person shall engage in the manufacture or bottling of carbonated non-alcoholic beverages, soda waters and mineral and spring water without a permit from the board of health. Six such permits were granted, a fee of ten dollars being charged in each case.
Stables
No person has the legal right to erect, occupy or use any building in this city, as a stable, without obtaining a license from the board for such occupancy. Each application is re- ferred to the Agent of this board and no license is granted unless all regulations of the board are complied with. The following is a record of applications received and licenses granted :
Applications pending from 1923
Applications received during 1924
1 4
5
Licenses granted
4
Licenses refused 1
- 5
121
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Board of Infants
Fourteen applications having been made to the State De- partment of Public Welfare for licenses to care for children in this city were referred to this board under provisions of Chapter 119 of the General Laws, and were approved.
Lying-In Hospitals
Five applications having been made to the State Department of Public Welfare for licenses to maintain lying- in-hospitals in this city were referred to this board under the provisions of Section 71 of Chapter 111 of the General Laws and were approved.
There were 979 deaths and seventy-three stillbirths in the city during the year, as specified in the following table. This is the lowest number of deaths in any year since 1908 when the estimated population was 75.500 which is an indica- tion of the healthy condition of the city :
Deaths at Somerville Hospital . 102
Deaths at hospital for contagious diseases 7
Deaths at home for aged poor (Highland Ave.) 35
Deaths at city home 5
Deaths at other institutions 54
122
ANNUAL REPORTS
Mortality in Somerville in 1924
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September.
October.
November.
December.
Total.
1. EPIDEMIC, ENDEMIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
1A Typhoid Fever
Scarlet Fever
1
1
1
1
4
1
·2
1
14
11B Influenza
1
1
21 Erysipelas
23 Lethargic Encephalitis.
1
1
31
Tuberculosis of Lungs.
5
5
5
4
1
5
7.
1
1
1
3
35
32
Tubercular Meningitis
1
1
34 Tuberculosis of verterbral column
1
1
1
35 Tuberculosis of joints
1
1
36B Tuberculosis of bones
1
1
38 Syphilis.
1
3.
41 Septicaemia.
1
1
1
II. GENERAL DISEASES NOT INCLUDED ABOVE
43
Cancer of Buccal Cavity
...
1
1
1
6
2
3
6
5
2
1
3
4
2
17
46 Cancer of Female Genital Organs
3
4
2
3
3
1
1
2
1
20
47 Cancer of breast
1
1
1
2
·2
3
2
2
1
2
19
50 Brain Tumor
51 Acute Rheumatic Fever
1
1
57
Diabetes Mellitus
1
1
2
4
·2
1
1
1
1.2
63
Addisons Disease
1
65.A Leukemia ..
1
1
1
66 Acute Alcoholism
1
3
2
69 Other General Diseases
1
R
III. DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ORGANS OF THE SPECIAL SENSE.
71A Meningitis
2
1
71B Non-Epidemic Cerebro- Spinal Meningitis.
72 Tabes Dorsalis
1
1
73
Other Diseases of the Spi- nal Cord.
1
12
13
11
7
11
5
4
6
3
9
7
45
74B Cerebral Thrombosis.
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
75 Paralysis
3
1
1
5
75A Hemiplegia
1
1
1
3
76 General Paralysis of Insane
2
1
2
5
84 Other Diseases of the Ner- vous System
1
1
1
1
Whooping Cough
10 Diphtheria
7.
1
1
1
24
Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis
33 Tuberculosis of Intestines ..
45 Cancer of Intestines ....
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
1.2
48 Cancer of Skin
1
1
49 Cancer of other Organs
1
1
52 Osteoarthritis
1
1
2
7
58A
Pernicious Anamia
1
65B Hodgkins Disease
1
1
1
74A Cerebral Hemorrhage
80 Infantile Convulsions
1
1
..
44 Cancer of Stomach & Liver
.)
....
1
1
123
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Mortality in Somerville in 1924-Continued
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September.
October.
November.
December.
Total.
IV. DISEASES OF THE CIRCULA- TORY SYSTEM.
88 Endocarditis & Myocarditis
3
5
7
9
8
9
1
2
6
4
8
70
89 Angina Pectoris
90 Other Diseases of the Heart
9
11
5
6
3
2
5
2
4
6
7
67
11
14
12
14
13
10
9
14
13
14
12
1144
92 Embolism and Thrombosis
94 Status Lymphaticus
1
1
V. DISEASES OF THE RESPIRA - TORY SYSTEM.
99A Acute Bronchitis
99B Chronic Bronchitis
100A Broncho Pneumonia
5
6
8
5
5
4
2
1
1
4
4
6
54
101A Lobar Pneumonia
9
1
10
3
3
1
1
5
6
3
47
101B Unresolved Pneumonia
102 Empyemia ..
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
105 Asthma.
107 Others included under this title
1
3
VI. DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
112 Acute Indigestion
'2
1
1
1
114 Diarrhea and Enteritis (2 years and over)
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
5
118A / Hernia
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
122B Cirrhosis of Liver
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
VII. NON VENEREAL DISEASES OF THE GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM AND ANNEXA.
129 Nephritis
3
3
4. 3 | 5 71
2
2
1
6
6 1 45
131 Other Diseases of the Kid-
1
1
2
1
1
VIII. THE PUERPERAL STATE
144 Puerperal Hemorrhage
145C Others under this title.
1
2
146 Puerperal Septicaemia
148 Puerperal Albumenaria
1
3
4
1
1
2
2
..
1
1
4
1
13
91A Aneurysm
91B Arterio Sclerosis
1
1
1
2
1
1
5
1
3
1
1
103 Pulmonary Oedema
...
1
1
113 Diarrhea and Enteritis (under 2 years)
2
1.17 Appendicitis
118₿ Intestinal Obstruction
123 Biliary Calculi ..
124 Other Diseases of the Liver
neys
138 Salpingitis
1
1
1
1
1
...
1
3
126 Peritonitis
1
1
124
ANNUAL REPORTS
Mortality in Somerville in 1924-Continued
January.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July .
August.
September.
October.
November
December.
Total.
IX. DISEASES OF THE SKIN AND
OF THE CELLULAR TISSUES.
151 Gangrene
15% Abscess
1
1
1
1
X. DISEASES OF THE BONES AND ORGANS OF LOCOMOTION
155 Osteomyelitis
1
1
'2
1
1
XI. MALFORMATIONS.
159 Congenital Malformation
1
1
159C Spina Bifida
1
XII. EARLY INFANCY.
160 Congenital Debility
2 4
1
2
5
1
2
B
1
3
·24
161A Premature Birth
4
3
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
2
7
23
161B Injury at Birth
3
1
3
1
1
·)
1
1
13
162 Asphyxia Neonatorum
1
2
XIII. OLD AGE. 164
Senility
1
1
2
XIV. EXTERNAL CAUSES.
165 Suicide by Poison
1
167 Suicide by Poisonous Gas
2
1
168 Suicide by Hanging
1
170 Suicide by Fire Arms
1
1
179 Accidental Burns ..
2
1
180 Accidental Suffocation
1
1
3
6
185 Accidental Fall.
1
1
1
1
3
7
188A
Railroad Accident
1
1
188(
Auto Accident
2
1
2
1
1
1
10
197
Homicide by Firearms
1
1
1
1
1
5
201
Fracture
1
1
2
202 Accidental Hanging
1
1
XV. ILI-DEFINED CAUSES.
Total
98
84
90
91
99
68
80
57
56
82
83
91
979
Population estimated Death rate per thousand
100,000 9.79
1 3 187121
181 Accidental Poisoning by Gas
2
...
..
1
1
156 Diseases of the Joints.
125
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
DEATHS BY AGES
AGES.
Total.
Male.
Female.
Under one
110
62
48
One to two
16
9
1
Two to three
S
5
Three to five
9
5
4
Five to ten
12
7
5
Ten to fifteen
9
5
4
Fifteen to twenty
17
8
9
Twenty to thirty
42
17
25
Thirty to forty
44
22
22
Forty to fifty
69
28
41
Fifty to sixty
127
61
66
Sixty to seventy
191
89
102
Seventy to eighty
207
79
128
Eighty to ninety
100
35
65
Ninety and over
18
7
11
Total
979
439
540
Total Deaths During the Last Ten Years
Year.
No. of Deaths.
Rate per 1,000
1915
1,003
11.55
1916
1,081
12.01
1917
1,067
11.85
1918
1,533
16.84
1919
1,074
11.30
1920
1,137
12.22
1921
986
10.38
1922
1,019
10.41
1023
1,108
11.30
1924
979
9.79
Average death rate per 1000 for ten years
11.76
Table Showing the Five Principal Causes of Death in Somerville in 1924
HEART DISEASE.
ARTERIO SCLEROSIS
CANCER
PNEUMONIA ALL FORMS.
APOPLEXY.
Number of Deaths.
Number per 10,000 of Pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
10,000 of Pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
10,000 of Pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
10,000 of Pop.
Number of
Deaths.
Number per
10,000 of Pop.
147
14.70
144
14.40
110
11.00
102
10.20
95
9.50
126
Deaths from Scarlet Fever, Diphtheria, Typhoid Fever, and Tuberculosis in the Last Ten Years
SCARLET FEVER.
DIPHTHERIA.
TYPHOID FEVER.
TUBERCULOSIS ALL FORMS.
MONTHS.
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
8
5 4
9 12
3
8
4 5
-
4
3
1
3
1
3
-
2
4
3
2 1 ...
3
1
1
March
3
11776691
3
April
5 10 8 10 12 11
2
May
9 8 6.11 4 5
6
5
June .
3
444 7 9 8
3
4
July
9
8 3 9.10. 1 5:
1
3
August
11 6 8 6
3
1
3
3
September
8
7 8 2
5
2
3
October
10 4 6 10
4
·2
3
6
5 8
3
1
2
'2
121
1
November
6 11 4 2
8
7
5
8
1
...
..
*2
4
6
1 2
1
1
December
Total
4 23 . .. 1 3 2 3 4 2 18 21 21 19 9 19 27 19 16 14 11 1 6 2
13141
1 74 103 85 84 90 69 64 32 54 46
Table Showing Comparisons Between 1923 and 1924 in Prevalence, Deaths and Percentage of Deaths of Scarlet Fever, Diphtheria, Typhoid Fever and Tuberculosis
TYPHOID FEVER.
SCARLET FEVER.
DIPHTHERIA.
YEAR.
Cases
Reported.
Number of
Deaths.
Cases
Reported.
Number of
Deaths.
Percentage
of Deaths.
Reported.
Number of
Deaths.
Percentage
Reported.
Number of
Percentage
of Deaths.
1923
319
4
1.4
218
16
7.3
10
1
10.0
131
54
41.22
1924
390
2
.5
197
14
7.1
10
1
10.0
132
46
34.84
1
..
..
...
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.. .
1
]
2 2 3
1
I
1
1
1
1
2 21
3
1
2
1
...
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
...
4
1
5
2
1
1
1
1
...
8:171
-
:
January
10
16 7 6 7 7 5 3
1 5
February
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