USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Boston > The book of Boston: the Federal period, 1775 to 1837 > Part 6
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The Lyman family has always been interested in horti- culture. In 1792 Mr. Lyman founded the Massachusetts Society for the Promotion of Agriculture and later, his son, Theodore Lyman, Jr., when mayor of Boston in 1835, had a fine alley of trees planted on the Common from Park to West streets, forming a mall. These shaded the fashionable "promenade" and are still standing.
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The Town Becomes a City
In 1822 Boston was incorporated as a city. At about this time quarries were opened in Braintree, now Quincy. The granite from these and other quarries transformed Bos- ton from a red-brick town to a city predominantly of gray stone. New public buildings and some residences reflected this change. Even streets were paved with granite blocks. Previously the small amount of stone used, principally for the trim of brick buildings, was taken from the surface of the ground. In the early 19th century stone was brought from Chelmsford by way of the Middlesex Canal. After the quarries were opened large quantities of great granite blocks were also hauled over rails from Quincy to Neponset by a team of sixty-five yoke of oxen and twelve horses. Then they were shipped across the harbor to Boston. This granite railway was built by Gridley Bryant, the engineer, father of Gridley J. F. Bryant, the well-known Victorian architect. It is said to have been the first railroad in the country and the forerunner of the great system of passenger and freight railroads of the Victorian era.
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The Granite Railroad, West Quincy, 1826
The Greek Revival in Boston
The granite period brought in a new kind of architec- ture, that of the Greek Revival, still classic, but on a larger scale, plainer, and with more solid dignity. It was transitional to the monumental, richly carved style seen in Boston later in the 19th century. Well into the Victorian period this massive granite-classic simplicity continued to replace the delicate wooden cornices and other classic ornaments of the early Federal era.
New architects designed many of these buildings, among them Alexander Parris (1780-1852), a native of Hebron, Maine, who came to Boston after serving in the War of 1812, and Isaiah Rogers (1800-1869), who later became the outstanding hotel architect of the country. Ben- jamin was also working in the new style.
Science, shipping, and industry were making great strides and provided the fortunes that financed this new upsurge in building, which began after the recovery from the War of 1812. The American Academy of Arts and Sciences had been established in 1796. The Harvard Med- ical School, founded in Cambridge in 1782, had moved to Boston in 1810. Both of these distinguished societies are still contributing enormously to the welfare of their fellow Americans.
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The First Boston Hospital, Bulfinch building at the Massachusetts
Hospitals
Boston's start as a great medical center dates also from the end of this early Federal period. In 1818 Bulfinch de- signed the first building of the ** Massachusetts General Hospital on the shore of the Charles River in the West End. It was his last commission in Boston, and his friend Alex- ander Parris took over the supervision of the building when Bulfinch moved to Washington. This handsome hospital, one hundred and fifty feet long, is of Chelmsford granite. Reflecting the quiet dignity of the Greek-Revival style, it is raised on a high basement and terminates in the new-style, shallow, saucer-like dome. The stately façade has a pedi- mented portico of massive smooth Ionic columns above the basement story, a lunette window in the pediment, and four
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General Hospital, 1818, showing the rope walk building at the far right
chimneys surmounting the top corners of this impressive cen- ter block. The high portico is approached by a pair of grace- ful granite staircases with iron railings, and is now flanked by wings added in 1846.
The interior, beautiful in its simplicity, still retains the fine arches, the groined elliptical ceilings, and the granite staircases with their smooth round Roman column-style balusters of iron and graceful, curved wooden handrails. The floors are of solid granite blocks, about two by four and a half feet, except in the basement where they are of red tiles seven and a half inches square.
Here in 1846, in the operating room under the great dome, Dr. John C. Warren administered ether for the first time in a surgical operation. This beautiful building is in use today, another example of a fine old architectural landmark still fulfilling its original purpose.
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Detail of the Bulfinch building at the Massachusetts General Hospital
Dr. Oliver Smith founded the first Dispensary in Bos- ton in 1796. Incorporated in 1801, it was the third in the country and is functioning today on the same street. Here, at the corner of Bennet and Ash streets, the original build- ing was a three-story Federal mansion of brick with stone lintels and a beautiful fanlighted doorway. The Dispensary was then supported by private charity and the staff of physi- cians gave their services. In recognition of his services Dr. Smith was presented by the city with a fine set of Chinese export porcelain. Some pieces of this china, now in the Museum of Fine Arts, show French influence in the delicate
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Chinese Export Porcelain presented by the City of Boston to Dr. Oliver Smith, founder of The Boston Dispensary
18th-century design inscribed with his initials in script. This type of cypher was a very popular monogram on silver as well as china.
The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary was also founded at this time by Dr. Edward Reynolds and Dr. John Jefferies. Incorporated in 1826, this important hospital is still serving the public.
Military Company
Boston .
called the Ancient and Honorable ARTILLERY Incorporated 1638.
Chinese Export Porcelain, ten gallon punch bowl
St. Paul's Cathedral by Alexander Parris
Churches
* St. Paul's Cathedral (Episcopal) initiated the new style in churches in Boston. Built on Tremont Street in 1820, it now stands tucked away between larger and later build- ings. Near the Park Street church, it offers an opportunity to view at one glance the striking contrast between the two classic styles, early Federal and Greek Revival. This temple structure of granite with a pedimented portico of Virginia sandstone was designed by Alexander Parris. There was to have been sculpture in the pediment, but this was not ex- ecuted due to lack of funds. The great smooth columns were made in sections or drums as were those on the ancient Greek temples. The beautiful Ionic capitals were carved by Solomon Willard.
152
Churches
An earlier church of Chelmsford granite had been built in 1814 by Bulfinch. It overlooked the harbor on the site where Summer and Bedford streets converge. This New South Church, known as the Octagon Church because of its shape, also had a portico and may be seen not only in old prints but on many blue Staffordshire printed ware plates.
F
The New South or Octagon Church, by Bulfinch
3
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Portrait of Josiah Quincy by Gilbert Stuart
Granite Markets and Warehouses
One of the splendid new granite buildings was the ** Quincy Market, built beside the beautiful old brick Faneuil Hall Market in 1824 by Alexander Parris. These buildings offer a comparison of the best in the two Federal-classic styles. Like Faneuil Hall, the Quincy Market is still serving its original purpose.
It is five hundred and fifty-five feet long, two stories high, and has a noble portico at each end. The central saucer- like dome is sheathed with copper. The four stately smooth columns on the porticoes, great shafts of granite twenty feet nine inches high, are among the finest monolithic columns
I54
East View of Faneuil Hall, the Quincy Market and warehouse drawn by J. Andrews
in Boston. These one-piece columns were replacing the ear- lier drum or sectional type used on St. Paul's Cathedral and were considered a great feat of engineering in that day.
The market was named for Josiah Quincy, Jr., the mayor of Boston at the time and a member of the famous family that gave our country two presidents. He opened up this market district in the old colonial North End without imposing extra taxes or debts on the city. From 1824 to 1826 the flats were filled in, worthless old buildings along the water front were demolished, and six new streets were laid out, paved with granite blocks and lined with great granite warehouses.
Many of these fine solid buildings, unexcelled any- where, remain today and may be seen from the elevated highway.
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WINN . RICKER
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Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market
Granite warehouses
The Custom House by Ammi B. Young showing the original dome
Other Granite Structures
The Custom House, one of Boston's finest Greek-Re- vival buildings, was built on the water front facing the docks. This impressive granite building, designed by Ammi B. Young (1800-1874) and erected on three thousand piles, is now well inland. Built from 1837-1847 in the temple style with a portico, it terminated in a shallow saucer-like dome with a skylight and was surrounded by thirty-two fluted monolithic columns weighing forty-two tons each.
Later, when more space was required for offices, a tall tower was added, thus saving most of this outstanding build- ing from destruction.
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Detail of the Custom House showing the monolithic columns
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Custom House tower, a later addition
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Bunker Hill Monument
The old granite Court House of 1810 was designed by Bulfinch with the octagon center surmounted by a cupola and with his characteristic arched window recesses on the façade. It stood on School Street on the site of the present City Hall and when it was unfortunately demolished in 1862 some of the granite was used for the new building.
The great granite obelisk, the ** Bunker Hill Monu- ment, which pierces the skyline so effectively, was built in Charlestown to commemorate the famous battle fought there in the Revolutionary War. Solomon Willard won the compe- tition for the monument with his Egyptian design, although some had favored a Roman column, as both these styles were
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The BOOK of BOSTON
popular at this time. In 1825, on the fiftieth anniversary of the battle, the aging General Lafayette came to Boston to lay the cornerstone. It was an important celebration, with an oration by Daniel Webster and much entertaining.
The famous obelisk, thirty feet square and two hundred and twenty-one feet high, set a fashion for this style of mon- ument. Willard was partial to granite and later gave up carv- ing and designing to be in the quarry business. Two of his smaller granite obelisks are the tombstone erected in memory of Franklin's parents in the old Granary Burying Ground in 1827 and the well-known monument of Carlisle granite set up in 1825 at the Concord Bridge.
The first "modern hotel" in Boston was the famous Tremont House at the corner of Beacon and Tremont streets, beside the old Granary Burying Ground. It was built in 1828-29 from designs by Isaiah Rogers. This wonderful old hotel of white Quincy granite was a large rectangular block with a symmetrical façade accented by a stately Doric portico of four columns. A central cupola on the original design was never built and the usual hostel stable was also eliminated.
The Tremont House was the first to provide many new conveniences. There were single and double sleeping rooms instead of the large rooms with several beds found in the colonial inns. Each room had a lock on the door, a wash- basin and pitcher set, a cake of soap, and a lamp. Rain-water cisterns supplied the new-style washrooms in the basement and there were eight of the recently invented "water closets" on the first floor to serve the occupants of the one hundred and seventy bedrooms. These new facilities which were re- placing the colonial outhouses were also installed, with much trepidation, in the new State House.
160
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The Tremont House, by Isaiah Rogers, 1829
The Tremont House had ten elegantly furnished public rooms lighted by gas. The "grand lobby" had columned walls and a dome ceiling of richly colored stained glass. The main dining room overlooking Beacon Street accommodated two hundred people. One chose food from a menu, instead of taking the only meal served, as had been the custom in the earlier inns. The bill of fare was extensive. Here Thack- eray first tasted American oysters and in 1842 Charles Dick- ens stayed at this well-known hotel and wrote a description of it. This famous old building was demolished in 1894.
16I
Twin houses, 39 and 40 Beacon Street
Doorway at 40 Beacon Street
Greek-Revival Residences
Although some notable granite mansions were built in Boston, of which a few remain, domestic architecture in the Greek-Revival period continued to be of brick with stone ornaments. The style changed, however. Bow fronts and heavier classic iron balconies became increasingly popular. Delicately fluted columns gave way to large, smooth Roman types, and fanlights over the entrance doors were replaced by transoms filled with rectangular panes like the windows. Houses in this late classic style had a simplicity and a solidity not found in the earlier Federal homes. The last houses to be built on Beacon Hill, with the exception of a few Vic- torian homes added later, were in this style.
162
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Block of granite town houses, on Beacon Street west of River Street, attributed to Asher Benjamin
In 1835 Cotton Hill to the east was leveled to become Pemberton Square. The celebrated mansion of Gardiner Greene set in terraced gardens overlooking Boston harbor was demolished. Mrs. Greene, a daughter of John Singleton Copley, the well-known colonial portrait painter whose land was bought by the Mount Vernon Proprietors, moved to Beacon Street. She had a desire to save one of the rare trees from her former home, a Chinese ginkgo. With much dif- ficulty this tree was moved to the Common opposite her new home, at the corner of Joy Street. Today, more than one hundred and twenty-five years later, it still stands, frail but bearing fruit which is much sought after by the Chinese who come early in the morning to gather it.
Nearby are the charming twin houses at 39 and 40 Beacon Street, built in 1818, now the ** Woman's City Club. This handsome pair of brick dwelling houses with
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The Sears Mansion, 42 Beacon Street, by Alexander Parris at the right and beside it
bow fronts and recessed entrance doors, flanked by large smooth Roman columns, had an upper story added in 1888. The interiors, although changed, retain two magnificent circular staircases sweeping gracefully to the top of the house. They are lighted by an oval roof window or skylight. One of these stairways also has two wall niches, and both have the plain, smooth round balusters characteristic of this period. There is also some rich Greek-Revival carving on the trim of the second-floor parlors.
Just down the Hill, at what is today * 42 Beacon Street, Alexander Parris built a splendid Greek-Revival granite house for Colonel David Sears, now the Somerset Club. This was the site of the old Copley dwelling house and is now marked by a * plaque. Built in 1819, the Sears mansion is a 164
E
on the left the third Harrison Gray Otis House showing the bow-end at the side
stately bow-front house of which the entrance and one bowed section are original, while the second bow was added later on the site of the garden. The beautifully carved panels on the façade are the work of Solomon Willard.
A fine block of six uniform * granite town houses of smaller size was built in 1828 on the water front of the Charles River before the Back Bay was filled in. It is at- tributed to Asher Benjamin. The houses now face the Public Garden on Beacon Street, west from River Street. Designed as three double houses, each one had a beautiful dormer with an arched window and corner pilasters of Greek-key detail with a pediment above. The River Street end of the block is of brick with stone lintels, also of Greek-key detail, over the windows.
165
Louisburg Square
Lovely old ** Louisburg Square, pronounced "Loois- burg," running between Pinckney and Mount Vernon streets, was the last part of Beacon Hill to develop. Legend has it that the first white settler of Boston, William Blaxton or Blackstone, whose farm covered most of the area in the 17th century, obtained his water from a spring here and springs occasionally break through this part of the Hill to- day. The square is thought by some to have been named for the colonial battle at Louisburg, Nova Scotia, fought in 1748, when the French were driven out and the Atlantic seaboard was secured. for the English. Many Bostonians took part in this battle.
One hears stories of the lavender glass windowpanes, seen in the Square and elsewhere on the Hill. These are not rare or always old, although some do date from 1818-1824. The lavender color resulted from the sun's rays on imperfect glass.
Like an old London square framed by dwelling houses, Louisburg Square remains residential in the heart of a great city and is outwardly much the same as it was in the 1840's. In 1826 S. P. Fuller drew a plan for the Square or open space and "the streets paralled therewith," including the park to be "surrounded with an open fence or railing." Lots were laid out overlooking this park, but it was not until the building boom of the 1830's that the first lot on the upper Pinckney Street corner was sold in 1834. Most of the houses
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Louisburg Square in winter
were built in the late 1830's or 1840's. In 1844 the Square was enlarged and took its present bow-ended rectangular form. The tree-shaded park with its grass, shrubs, and two statues - Columbus at one end and Aristides at the other - flanked by cobblestone carriageways, is privately owned and maintained by the abutters except on the Mount Vernon Street side.
Through the years many interesting and well-known people have lived in these stately Greek-Revival houses. William Dean Howells resided at number 16, Louisa May Alcott at number 10, and Jenny Lind, the Swedish singer, visited and was married at number 20, to mention just a few. In recent years the custom of lighting the windows with candles on Christmas Eve has become associated with Beacon
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CHIPS
Louisburg Square in summer
Hill and especially with Louisburg Square. On this night the Hill is perhaps at its best, with the old inside shutters open and the candles softly illuminating the beautiful Federal in- terior architecture and furniture, while carol singers mingle with the crowds outside. Some prefer it in summer when it is quiet, or in the spring when the trees are budding in soft lacy greens against the old red of the bricks, while others prefer it in the winter etched with snow or with the shadows of twilight; but to all it is charming.
Time has been kind to ** Beacon Hill. The cobble- stones are still there in the Square in spite of the coming of 168
Louisburg Square at sunset
the automobile. The beautiful old Greek-Revival houses with their pedimented doorways have the same dignity as ever, although many now have apartments within instead of single-family homes. Bells toll as they always have in the Charles Street Meetinghouse nearby and from St. Margaret's Episcopal Convent on the Pinckney Street corner. In a world of turmoil the rosy glow at sunset on the fine old Federal houses and old brick sidewalks reflects peace, security, and beauty. It will always remain so, for, under the protection of a recent law, much of Beacon Hill, including the Square, has been made an "Historic District."
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15
HISTORIC SITES OF FEDERAL BOSTON
1. Massachusetts State House
2. The Amory-Ticknor House
3. The Park Street Church
4. St. Paul's Cathedral
5. The Custom House
6. The Quincy Market
7. Faneuil Hall
8. St. Stephen's Church
9. The "Old North Church"
10. The Old State House
11. The Harrison Gray Otis House, HEADQUARTERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE PRESERVA- TION OF NEW ENGLAND AN- TIQUITIES
12. The West Church
13. The Bulfinch Building at the Massachusetts General Hos- pital
14. 74 Pinckney Street
15. Louisburg Square
16. 87 Mount Vernon Street
17. 85 Mount Vernon Street
18. 13, 15, 17 Chestnut Street
19. 39, 40 Beacon Street
20. 42 Beacon Street
21. 45 Beacon Street
22. 54, 55 Beacon Street
23. Acorn Street
24. 9 West Cedar Street
25. The Charles Street Meeting House
MILK ST.
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11
BOSTON
A SUGGESTED TOUR OF FEDERAL BOSTON
for the hurried, intelligent traveler
Begin by taking a taxi or the subway to Park Street Station to the Massachusetts State House on Beacon Street on the top of Beacon Hill.
After visiting the interior walk down Park Street past the Ticknor House and the Park Street Church to St. Paul's Cathedral.
Taxi or subway from Park Street Station to Washington Street Station. Change and go to the State Street Station. Walk two blocks down State Street to the Custom House. Walk (a short distance) over Commercial Street and left on South Market Street to the Quincy Market and Faneuil Hall. Walk under the elevated highway to Hanover Street to St. Stephen's Church and the Old North Church and back to Faneuil Hall.
Taxi or subway from the Old State House to Bowdoin Sta- tion via the East Boston Tunnel. Walk two blocks to the Harrison Gray Otis House and the West Church at the corner of Cambridge and Lynde streets.
Take a taxi, a bus, or walk down Cambridge Street to An- derson Street - five blocks (Massachusetts General Hospital on right). Walk or taxi four blocks up Ander- son Street to Pinckney Street (now the steepest part of the hill). Look back down Anderson Street to the Bulfinch Building, the original Massachusetts General Hospital. Walk down Pinckney Street one half block to number 74 and 741/2. Enjoy one of the loveliest
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The BOOK of BOSTON
views down Beacon Hill across the Charles River to Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Walk down the Hill one half block to Louisburg Square and through the Square to Mount Vernon Street. Then up the Hill one block past two Bulfinch Houses numbers 87 and 85, the latter the second Harrison Gray Otis House and the one-story former carriage houses to Walnut Street. Down Walnut Street, two blocks toward the Common to Beacon Street, looking down Chestnut Street on the right to the Bulfinch Houses numbers 13, 15, and 17.
On Beacon Street pass numbers 39 and 40 Twin houses (now the Women's City Club), number 42 the granite Sears mansion (now the Somerset Club), number 45, the third Harrison Gray Otis mansion with its stable in the rear (now the American Meteorological Society), and the twin houses numbers 54 and 55 (now the head- quarters of the Colonial Dames of Massachusetts.)
Turn right on Charles Street and then first right on Chest- nut Street and first left on West Cedar Street. Look up the old cobblestoned Acorn Street on the right. Pass number 9, Asher Benjamin's house, and pause at the corner of Mount Vernon to look down at the Charles Street Meetinghouse.
Taxi from Charles Street or take bus at Storrow Drive to Copley Station and the subway via a Huntington Ave- nue car to the Museum of Fine Arts to see the Gilbert Stuart paintings, Federal furniture, and silver, including the Paul Revere bowl and pitcher.
I72
INDEX
Acorn Street, 50, Ill. 50 Allston Street, 115, Ill. 116
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 114, 147 Amory-Ticknor House, 95, Ill. 96, 96 Arch Street, 91
Baldwin, Laommi, 42 Banner, Peter, 78, Ill. 79, Ill. 80, 81 Barrell, Joseph, 81, 137
Beacon Hill, 19, 21, Ill. 48, 50, Ill. 50, 51, 62, 64, 88, 95, 101-113, 115-123, 162-169
Beacon Street, 49, 120-123, Ill. 162, 162, III. 163, 163, Ill. 164, 164, 165 Benjamin, Asher, Ill. 74, 74, 75, Ill. 75, Ill. 76, 76, Ill. 77, 77, 78, 110, Ill. 119, 119, Ill. 120, Ill. 121, 121, 122, 123, 147, Ill. 163, 165 Boston, 19, 20, Ill. 39, 39, 41, 43, 46, Ill. 47, 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 82, 88, 91, 145
Boston Athenaeum, 34, 114 Boston Common, 20, 24, Ill. 94, 95, 144 Boston Public Library, 91 Boston Theatre, Ill. 86, 86, Ill. 87, 87
Bostonian Society, Ill. 20, Ill. 43, Ill. 44, Ill. 55, Ill. 63, Ill. 67, Ill. 72, Ill. 84, Ill. 85, Ill. 92, Ill. 94, Ill. 96, Ill. 114, Ill. 115, Ill. 153 Bowditch, Dr. Nathaniel, 22, Ill. 23 Bowdoin Square, 49, 52, 97, 142 Boylston Market, 66, Ill. 67
Bridges, Charles River, 46, Ill. 46, 47, 48
Bulfinch Building Massachusetts General Hospital, Ill. 148, 148, 149, Ill. 150
Bulfinch, Charles, Ill. 51, 52, Ill. 53, 53, 54, Ill. 55, 55, Ill. 56, 56, 57, Ill. 57, 58, Ill. 58, 59, 60, 62, 64, Ill. 65, 65, Ill. 66, 66, Ill. 67, 68, 69, Ill. 69, 70, Ill. 70, Ill. 71, 71, Ill. 72, 72, Ill. 83, 83, Ill. 88, 88, Ill. 89, 89, Ill. 90, 90, 91, Ill. 94, 95-97, Ill. 98, Ill. 99, 100, Ill. 102, 102, Ill. 103, Ill. 104, Ill. 105, 105, Ill. 107, Ill. 108, 109, 110, Ill. 111, 112, 129, Ill. 129, 153, Ill. 153, 159 Bulfinch Monument, Ill. 53, 53, 54 Bulfinch State House, 54-60 Bunker Hill Monument, Ill. 159, 159, 160
Canals, 41, 42, Ill. 42 Cathedral of the Holy Cross, (first) 69, Ill. 69, 70, 71
Charles River, 27, 46, 64, 137 Charles River Bridge, 46, Ill. 46, 47 Charles Street Meeting House, Ill. 76, Ill. 77, 78
Charlestown, 27, 42, 46, 123, 137, Ill. 159, 159 Chestnut Street, 110, Ill. 111, Ill. 112, 112, 113, 118, Ill. 118 Cheverns, Bishop Jean L. A.M. Le- febvre de, Ill. 68, 69
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The BOOK of BOSTON
Churches, Charles Street Meeting House, Ill. 76, 78 Church of the Holy Cross, 69, Ill. 69, 70, 71
Eliot Church, Ill. 81, 82 Hollis Street Church, 68 Octagon Church, 153, Ill. 153 Park Street Church, 78, Ill. 79, Ill. 80 St. Paul's Cathedral, Ill. 152, 152 St. Stephen's Church, Ill. 71, 71, Ill. 72, 73, Ill. 73 West Church, Ill. 76, 76, 77 Clocks,
Tower, 66-71, 78, 82 Gallery, 59, 77 Tall, Ill. 36 Wall, Ill. 36
Codfish, 61, Ill. 61, 62
Coffee Houses, Exchange, Ill. 44, 44, 45 Washington, 44 Colburn, James Smith, Ill. 120, 123 Colonnade Row, Ill. 94, 95 Columbia Square, 62 Constitution, U.S.S., 25, Ill. 25, Ill. 38
Coolidge, Cornelius, 115 Copperplate print, Ill. 31, 32, Ill. 35 Copp's Hill, 19, 27 Cotting, Uriah, 49 Cotton Hill, 19, 64, 163
Cotton industry, 24, 41 Custom House, Ill. 157, 157, Ill. 158 Cutler, Joseph; inventory, 131-136
Dorchester Neck, 48
Eagles, Ill. 36, 36, Ill. 37, 37, Ill. 38 Exchange Coffee House, Ill. 44, 44, 45
Faneuil Hall, 64, Ill. 65, 65, 154, Ill. 156 Fires, 20, 51, 68 Fort Hill, 19, 93 Franklin, Benjamin, Ill. 31, 32, Ill. 34, 45, 91
Franklin Street, 89, 90 Furniture, Ill. 30, Ill. 35, 35, Ill. 36, 36, Ill. 40, 40, 41
Gore Place, 140, Ill. 141 Granite Railroad, 145, Ill. 146 Greek Revival architecture, 42, 147, 148, 149, 152-159, 160-169 Greene, Gardiner, Gardens, 163
Hancock, Dorothy Quincy, 95 Hancock, John, 44, 45, 63 Handel Hayden Society, 66 Harvard Medical School, 147 Higginson, Stephen, Jr., 109 Higginson, Stephen, Sr., 109, 138 Hospitals-Dispensary, 150
Massachusetts General, 129, Ill. 148, 148, 149, Ill. 150 Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infir- mary, 157 McLean, Ill. 129, 137
Household furnishings, 30, Ill. 30, Ill. 31, Ill. 35, 35, Ill. 36, 36, 39, Ill. 40, 40, 41, Il1. 124, Ill. 125, 126 Household inventories, 40, 41,
Joseph Cutler's, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136 Houses, 19, 21, Ill. 28, Ill. 42, 49, 51, 52, Ill. 88, 88, Ill. 89, 89, Ill. 90, 90, 91, Ill. 92, 92, Ill. 94, 95, Ill. 96, 97, Ill. 98, 99-147 Country Houses, 137-144, 162- 169
India Street, 22 India Wharf, 22, 63 Interiors, 29, 32, Ill. 40, 87, 109, Ill. 124, Ill. 125, 126
King's Chapel, Ill. 34, 35 King Street, 22, 43, 51 Kutts, John, 116, 117, Ill. 117
Lafayette, Marquis de, 30, 52, 93, 94, 95, 96, 140, 160 Lechemere's Point, Cambridge, 48
174
Index
Long Wharf, 22-63 Louisburg Square, 19, 50, 62, 166 - 169
Maps, Ill. 18, Ill. 20, Federal Boston Town, 170 Mall, on the Common Tremont Street Mall, Ill. 94, 95 Markets, Boylston, 66, Ill. 67 Faneuil, 64, Ill. 65, 65, Ill. 66 Parkman's, 66
Quincy, 154, Ill. 155, Ill. 156 Massachusetts General Hospital, 129, Ill. 148, 148, 149, Ill. 150 Massachusetts Historical Society, 91 Middlesex Canal, 42, Ill. 42, 145
Mill Dam, Ill. 48, 48, 49 Mill Pond, 48 Mount Vernon, 19, 64 Mount Vernon Proprietors, 101, 110
Mount Vernon Street, 62, 101, Ill. 108, 109, 110, 166, 167 Mourning pictures, 34, Ill. 35
Museum Fine Arts Boston, Ill. 18, 23, Ill. 23, Ill. 27, Ill. 29, 30, Ill. 30, Ill. 31, Ill. 32, Ill. 33, 33, 34, Ill. 46, Ill. 51, Ill. 53, Ill. 68, 70, Ill. 70, Ill. 86, Ill. 87, Ill. 89, Ill. 90, Ill. 93, Ill. 113, 113, Ill. 123, Ill. 124, Ill. 125, Ill. 129, 150, Ill. 151, Ill. 154, Ill. 157, Ill. 161
Navy Yard, Charlestown, 25, 27, 126
Neck to Roxbury, 19, 49, 51, 62 North End, 19, 48, 49, 71, 155
Obelisks, Ill. 34, 34, Ill. 159, 159, 160
Old Granary Burying Ground, 25 Old Ironsides, 25, Ill. 25, Ill. 26, 27, 126 Order of the Cincinnati, Ill. 127, 127 Otis, Harrison Gray, 97, Ill. 98, Ill.
99, Ill. 100, Ill. 102, Ill. 103, Ill. 104, Ill. 105, 105 Otis Houses,
141 Cambridge Street, Ill. 40, 97, Ill. 98, 98, Ill. 99, 99, 100
85 Mount Vernon Street, 101, Ill. 102, 102, Ill. 103, 104
45 Beacon Street, Ill. 104, Ill. 105, 105, 106, Ill. 107 Oakley, 138
Parker House, 45 Park Street, 95, Ill. 96, 96, 97
Park Street Church, 25, 78, Ill. 79, Ill. 80, 81 Parris, Alexander, 147, Ill. 152, 152, 154, Ill. 164, 164, 165
Pearl Street, 24, 93, 94
Pemberton Square, 19, 163 Perkins Institute for the Blind, 94
Perkins, James, 93, 114, Ill. 114 Perkins, Thomas Handsyd, Ill. 93, 94
Pinckney Street, 64, 116, 117, Ill. 117, 118
Pitcher - Paul Revere, 39 Liverpool, 40
Porcelain, Chinese Export, Ill. 29, 106, 126, 127, 151
Pottery, Staffordshire, 39, 114, 128 Liverpool, 39, 40
Quincy, Dorothy, (Mrs. John Han- cock) 95 Quincy, Josiah, 93, Ill. 154, 155 Quincy Market, 154, Ill. 155, Ill. 156
Railroads, Gravity, 64 Granite, 145, Ill. 146
Revere, Paul, 20, 23-26, 33, Ill. 39, 40, 56, 73, 82, Ill. 86, 87 Rogers, Isaiah, 147, 160, Ill. 161, 161 Rope walks, 23, 24
175
The BOOK of BOSTON
Roxbury Hill, Ill. 81, 82 .
Saint Paul's Cathedral, 152
St. Stephen's Church, 71-73 Sears House, 164, 165
Shipping, 21-23, 27, 29, 30, 32, 39, 40, 41, 42, Ill. 42, 43, 114, 115
Shipyards, 25, 27
Shirley-Eustis House, Ill. 139, 140 Silversmiths,
Revere, 23 Burt, 47
Silverware, 23, Ill. 24, 26, Ill. 27, Ill. 46, 47, 70, Ill. 70
Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, Ill. 35, Ill. 40, Ill. 41, Ill. 69, Ill. 81
South Boston, 48
Stagecoaches, 43 Mail, Ill. 43
State House - new, 19, 53, 54, Ill. 55, 11. 56, 56, Ill. 57, 57, Ill. 58, 58, Ill. 59, 59, 60
State Street, 19, 22, 43, Ill. 44, 45, Ill. 83, Ill. 84, Ill. 85
Street, 22, 24, 49-51, 62, 64, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 95, 97, 101
Street lamps, 50
Stuart, Gilbert, Ill. 23, Ill. 32, 33, 34, 92, Ill. 93, Ill. 113, Ill. 123, Ill. 154
Summer Street, 89, 93, 153, Ill. 153
Swan, Hepzibah, (Mrs. James Swan) 110, 112, 113 Swan, Colonel James, 30, 110, 113, 138
Taverns, Bell in Hand, Ill. 43, 44
Hancock, 44, 45
Royal Exchange, 43
Ticknor House, 95, Ill. 96, 96
Tontine Crescent, Ill. 88, Ill. 89, 89, Ill. 90, 90, 91
Tremont House, 45, 160, Ill. 161, 161
Tudor, Frederick, 114, Ill. 115, 115 Tudor, William, 113
The Vale, Ill. 142, 142-144
Warehouses, 22, Ill. 63, 63, 155, Ill. 156
Washington, George, 21, Ill. 31,
32, Ill. 33, 34, 45, 58, 83, 127, 140 Washington Street, 51
West Boston Bridge, 47
West Cedar Street, 64, 118, Ill. 119, 119
West Church, Ill. 75, 76, 77
West End, 49, 77, 97, 148
Wharves, 21, 22, 62, Ill. 63, 63
Willard, Simon, Ill. 36
Willard, Solomon, 81, Ill. 159, 159, 160
176
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