USA > Massachusetts > Nantucket County > The history of Nantucket County, island, and town : including genealogies of first settlers > Part 65
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Six years later-November 17, 1733-Adam Winthrop, in pursuance of a vote of the Commissioners of Indian Affairs, sent
* Timothy White Papers p. 7. On page 15 it is stated that she was born January 30, 1712.
fIb. p. 2.6.
#Ib. 86. Marriage in those days was largely a civil function. ** Timothy White Papers, p. 85.
ttThirteen children were born to him while on Nantucket of whom were immaturely born or died shortly after birth.
six 11According to the record (Timothy White Papers, pp. 29-63) he had many pupils but the tuition fee was small.
550
HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
a notification "to the Ministers of the several Indian Congrega- tions on the Island of Nantucket," informing them that the "Honourable Commissioners of whom His Excellency the Governour is one from whom you receive your Yearly Salaries, have ap- pointed the Rev'd Mr. Timothy White to preach Lectures to you, to oversee counsell & advise you from time to time as occasion shall require, and to inspect the Schools & Churches & to Catechize the Children & such as are proper for it, & you & all concerned are to pay a proper regard to him accordingly."*
The first baptisms recorded by Mr. White were those of Samuel and Mary Calef, children of Ebenezer Calef, and Ephraim, Henry, Jonathan, Ann and Mary Coffin, children of Hephzibah Coffin, all of whom were baptized September 29, 1728, by Rev. Joseph Baxter, of Medfield .; The unbaptized parents were baptized with the children, and assented to the Covenant. In the twenty- two years following, Mr. White records the baptism of over one hundred and fifty persons, the ordnance being administered under the direction of visiting clergymen. His cash account shows that in the twenty-five years of his pastorate lie received from; his people at Nantucket nearly £1800. This was doubtless in the depreciated currency of the day. Those of Nantucket from whom he received money and who may be assumed to have been mem- bers of the Society, were Joseph Coffin, George Gardner, Esq., John Coffin, Capt. Gardner, the mother of John Coffin, Robert
Coffin, ~ Hatch, Ebenezer Calef, J. Johnson, Joseph Chase, Thomas Brock, Jonathan Coffin, Z. Bunker, E. Bennit, John White, Dr. Hay, Joseph Skiff, R. Wyer, Phillips.
There is no data from which to note year by year the un- fortunate conditions Mr. White confronted. A letter to him from Thomas Hubbard shows that in 1748 he had about reached the breaking point. Mr. Hubbard wrote as follows:
Boston, 21st June, 1748.
Rev'd & Dear Sir:
Sometime ago Dr. Sewall put into my hands a Letter from yourself, representing the low Circumstances of Life your Situa- tion in the World had exposed you to, upon which I communicated the Same to severall Members of the General Court, but found it was beyond their power to help you in a publick Station, w'ch I am persuaded they would gladly have done, if they could, where- upon I returned ye Letter to the Doctor, with four pounds Cash from my Self, to be sent you at the first Opportunity, (which I now crave your acceptance of). Doct'r Sewall after this com- municated your Letter to the Convention of Ministers, who readily voted you Twenty pounds (Old Tenor) out of the Collection, which the Doctor has been seeking an opportunity to send you for a considerable Time, at last he put it into my Care, & now by Mr. Abijah Folger I have sent you Twenty four pounds, which I wish safe to hand, and pray your advice of as soon as you can. I heartily wish your health & prosperity, more especially
*Timothy White Papers, p. 86. TIb. p. 21.
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HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
in your Lords work & hope that some Door or other may in Time be opened for your Comfort & Relief: My hearty Service con- cludes me
Sir
Dr. Sewall gives his
Service to You.
Y'r Very humb. Servt THO'S HUBBARD.
Two months later (August 31) John Webb wrote to Mr. White-"I was last Monday Evening in Company with a Number of Worthy Gentlemen in Town, when our good Friend John Phil- lips Esq'r comunicated to us a Letter he had lately received from you, Giving an Account of your bad State of Health and of the great Discouragements you were under with respect to your Minis- try at Nantucket.
We heartily Sympathize with you under your bodily Indis- position, and hope, by ye Blessing of God, in ye Use of proper Means Shortly to hear of your Recovery to Health again.
But our greatest concern was to hear that your other Dis- couragements were So many and great, That you Seem resolved in a little Time, to take your Leave of ye poor People in whose Service you have Spent a great part of your Life already.
We are Sensible, indeed, your Services among them have been attended with many peculiar Difficulties; and that you have been but poorly requited by Man for your Laborious Endeavours to Serve ye Kingdom and Interest of our Lord Jesus Cht in ye place where you are. But remember, Dear Brother, we serve a good Master, who will one Day richly Reward the little he enables us to do in his Service.
And as you have been long acquainted with that People, and, we hope, have a great Interest in ye affections of many of them; we cant but fear your Leaving them in their present State will greatly disserve ye Cause of Cht and his holy Religion, which, we trust, are exceedingly dear to you."t
Mr. Webb urges him to continue "if your State of Health will, by any Means, admit of it," and assures him "That they purpose Speedily, as God Shall enable, to Send you Somewhat for ye present Supply of your and your Families Necessities: and will endeavour hereafter to use their Interest, That you may have a more comfortable Support than you have yet had, while you continue in ye Service of Cht and Souls, in the place where you have for So many years been bearing ye Heat and Burden of ye Day."
The combined persuasion of Messrs Hubbard and Webb were insufficient to change his purpose of relinquishing his pastorate at Nantucket. Mr. Dudley fixes the date of the end of his term of service as May 1750,¿ possibly because that would complete the church year. A letter to him from Joseph Rotch, dated Nan- tucket, July 3d, 1750, is evidence that he had left the Island before that time.
Mr. Dudley states that the site of Mr. White's residence "is the vacant lot opposite the residence of the late Josiah Gardner, Esq., now (1898) occupied by Capt. and Mrs. John Brooks. Mrs.
*Timothy White Papers, p. 87
¿Timothy White Papers, p. 88.
įChurches and Pastors of Nantucket, p. S.
** Timothy White Papers, p. 89.
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HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
Brooks is a daughter of Josiah Gardner, and a descendant of Capt. John Gardner, in direct line, and inherits and occupies a portion of the original Gardner landed estate."*
After Mr. White's departure there followed an interregnum, so far as the records go, of eleven years. From 1750 to 1761, there appears to be neither known record nor tradition.
In 1765 the meetinghouse was removed to near its present site. There it remained until the present meetinghouse was built in 1834. It was moved back to very near where it now stands and used as a vestry and a Sunday school room. Its dimensions, aside from the lean-tos, which are of comparatively recent con- struction, are 40 by 60 feet. About 1790 a tower was built on the south end. This would seem from the Town Records to have been something in the nature of a bell tower, although Mr. Dudley says there was an entrance to the meetinghouse through it.t
The second pastor of whom there is a record was Joseph Mayhew who was an "acting Pastor" apparently and whose term of service extended from 1761 to 1766. It was during his term, of service that the meetinghouse was removed from its original location near No Pond
Bottom to Beacon Hill. Of Mr. Mayhew's pastorate Mr. Dudley says :- "The absence of all records of Church and Society, between 1750 and 1800, and the silence of tradition. in regard to Mr. Mayhew, leaves his relationship in doubt. The relation of Acting Pastor was rare in the eighteenth century. It is reasonable to infer that the position of these two men (Messrs White and Mayhew) was similar to that of a Pastor at a later date, an engagement for an indefinite period, by joint action of the Church and Society. This is a relation that can be dissolved by either party in the engagement upon due notice, and requires no calling of a council of neighboring churches."
The third Pastor of whom there is a record was Rev. Bezaleel Shaw whose service was from November 25, 1767 to February 28, 1796, the longest of any minister ever connected with the Society. It was during his pastorate that the "Half-way Covenant" was introduced, which is referred to in the article on the Unitarian Church. His pastorate ended with his death which occurred Febru- ary 28, 1796. From the time of his becoming Pastor, to which he was regularly ordained and installed, date the earliest existing records. By them we learn who were members of the Church
*Timothy White Papers, p. 95. John Gardner and his wife Pris- cilla conveyed to their son-in-law Timothy White and his wife Su- sanna a lot of land on the corner of West Liberty Street and Cliff Road, also a garden plot further from the street with a right of way over the Gardner land. The deed is dated August 1730, at which time Mr. White was building a house on the lot. (Deeds Book IV, p. 134). This property was subsequently conveyed by Timothy White Jr. under power of attorney from his father to Edward Coffin. (Deeds V, p. 352). tNovember 3, 1806, the Town voted to appropriate not over $250 "for the Express purpose of Repairing the old part and finishing the New part of the bell tower which is adjoining the Congregational Meeting House." The Town voted as early as Nov. 3, 1800 to have the bell that is erected on the Congregational Meeting-house rung at Sun rise in the morning, 12 at noon and 9 at night.
įPage 8.
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HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
in those days more definitely than at any previous period .* list as published is as follows:
Margaret Barnard (Robert),
Deacon Samuel Barrett
Lucretia Bartlett
Elizabeth Bashard,
Peggy Bunker, (Elisha), Hannah Calder, (George,)
Margaret Calef,
Joseph Cook,
Paul Coggeshall, Dinah Clark,
Abel Chase, Benjamin Coffin,
Caleb Coffin,
Elizabeth Coffin,
Elias Coffin, &
Abigail Coffin, Mary Coffin, (John),
Jennet Coffin, (James),
Jonathan Coffin, &
Priscilla Coffin,
Deacon Josiah Coffin, &
Priscilla Coffin,
Ruth Coffin, (Cromwell),
Sally Coffin, (James),
Eunice Coleman, (Joseph),
Abigail Gardner, (Grafton),
Essex Boston (colored),
Grindall Gardner, &
Judith Gardner,
Mary Gardner, (Shubael),
Peleg Gardner, &
Hepzibah Gardner,
Thomas Gardner (colored),
Lydia Hooton,
Hannah Hutchinson,
John Jillings,
Mercy Kidder,
Stephen Kidder, &
Eunice Kidder,
Priscilla Long, (Barnabas),
Jane Manning, (Isaac),
Thankful Long, (Daniel) Hannah Moores, (Jonathan),
Abraham Pease, Lydia Proctor, (James),
John Ramsdell, &
Jonathan Ramsdell,
Ebenezer Rand &
Deacon Wilson Rawson,
Dr. Benjamin Tupper,
Deacon John Woodbury,
Susanna Whiteus, (James),
Elizabeth Woodbury, (Nath'l). John Brock.
* A pamphlet giving a "Historical Sketch of the Church and Cat- alogue of its Members from 1767" published in 1850, says of the cata- logue-"It is as nearly accurate as can be made from information de- rived from the existing records, the knowledge of' living members, and other sources too numerous to be named." ¿Deacon Barrett subsequently withdrew and assisted in organiz- ing the Methodist Society.
¿The character & shows the man and woman on the same line to be husband and wife. The bracketed name following a woman's name is that of her husband. ** Joined the Methodists.
The
Dr. John Bartlett, &#
David Bashard, &
Anna L. Burrell, (James),
Betsey Coffin, (Joseph),
Edward Dixon,
Amy Gardner, Elizabeth Gardner, (Joshua),
Priscilla Gardner,
Hagar (colored),
Chapman, Mary Hussey (Obed),
Nabby Morselander, widow Cornelius, Dr. Elijah Pease, ** · Phebe Rawson, widow of Paul Rachel Ramsdell, Jane Ramsdell, Hannah Rand, **
Hannah Lombard, wid of. Thos.
554
HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
Mr. Shaw was followed by Rev. James Gurney, who was Pastor from October 2, 1799 to June 16, 1819. It was during Mr. Gurney's pastorate that the division occurred and the Second Congregational Church was organized. Despite that fact, Mr. Gurney had the largest number of accessions to the Church by profession of any clergyman in the first one hundred years of the Church's history, 161 joining in that manner. There was always a friendly feeling between Mr. Gurney and Rev. Mr. Swift of the Second Society, and an occasional exchange of pulpits, which did not have the cordial approbation of all of Mr. Gurney's parish- ioners. Under Mr. Gurney's pastorate occurred the first religious revival the Church at Nantucket ever experienced.
Following Mr. Gurney came Rev. Abner Morse whose pastorate commenced December 16, 1819, and continued until December 16, 1822. It would appear that Mr. Morse did not find things quite to his liking for there seems to be evidence of a dissension which was the real cause of his termination of his ministry .* At the date given as the close of his service he had left Nantucket, probably only transiently.
Then followed:
Rev. Stephen Bailey from May 8, 1823, to May 25, 1827.
Rev. Nathaniel Cobb from August 5, 1827, to August 31, 1829. Rev. Stephen Mason from April 29, 1830, to March 30, 1835.
It was during Mr. Mason's pastorate that the old Meeting- house was moved to the rear and the present edifice was built.t It was completed and ceremoniously dedicated November 6, 1834. The Inquirer, in reporting the ceremony, in its issue of November 12, says:
"The new House of Worship erected by the First Congrega- tional Church and Society in this town was consecrated Thursday the 6th inst.± The order of exercises was as follows:
*The reports of the day show that Mr. Morse and others filed a petition in the General Court for 1823 for an act of incorporation as a Congregational Church, presumably as a separate organization. The Legislature, however, did not approve the petition and in January gave the petitioners leave to withdraw.
The old Meeting house was advertised to be sold by Auction May 10 but evidently no satisfactory offer was received. In 1830 a steeple appears to have been added to the bell-tower. The editor of the In- quirer seems to have failed to give it the notice its friends demanded and on November 6 he writes that having mentioned the South tower and inadvertently omitted the North he hastens to say that a spire has been erected on the North tower 59 feet high from the ground, is a good outlook, is painted and the "materials are almost as durable as the doctrines preached therein."
A brief decription of the building was published in the Inquirer of November 5, 1834, which says it is of light Gothic order of archi- tecture, designed by - Waldron, architect. There are 118 pews and a choir gallery across the second story of the tower. The ground floor plan is 80x62 feet; height of steeple 123 feet. The tower has an ob- servatory for the convenience of the public, and there is a fine-toned bell from the foundry of the H. N. Cooper Co. of Boston.
555
HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
Invocation, and Reading of the Sacred Scriptures, Rev. Stephen Mason. Anthem, by the Choir. Introductory Prayer Rev. Oliver Cobb, D. D., of Rochester. Hymn by Choir. Sermon, Rev. Sylvester Holmes, of New Bedford. Dedicatory Prayer, Rev. Mr. Pratt of Barnstable. Anthem by the Choir. Benediction."
In the brief sketch of the service, the Inquirer says the discourse of Rev. Sylvester Holmes was based on "Psalms LXXXVII-5-6- 'And of Zion it shall be said this and that man was born in her; and the highest himself shall establish her. The Lord shall count when he writeth up to the people, that this man was born there.' * * * It was a masterly composition, full of original thought and striking illustration, and delivered in a style that proved the speaker to be both in earnest, and perfectly at home in the department of pulpit oratory. It was listened to with intense interest, by a very full assembly, numbering about one thousand persons, and comprising members of almost every religious denomination, all of whom appeared much gratified."
After Mr. Mason came
William J. Breed from June 10, 1835, to May 1839.
George C. Partridge
,, Nov. 21, 1839, to Aug. 10, 1841.
John S. C. Abbott*
Sept. 21, 1841, to Dec. 5, 1843.
Charles Rich
May 21, 1844, to May 21, 1847.
George Thacher Nov. 14, 1848, to May 14, 1850.
Benjamin Judkins
April 1, 1851, to June 12, 1855.
J. Emerson Swallow
May 21, 1856, to Aug. 24, 1858.
Henry E. Dwight
Nov. 8, 1858, to Oct. 31, 1859.
Isaac C. White ', Jan. 14, 1861, to Feb. 1, 1862.
Samuel D. Hosmert ,, Oct. 16, 1862, to Nov. 1, 1872.
Henry C. Crane
Charles J. R. Jones
Mar. 20, 1875, to Jan. 1, 1877.
Luther H. Angier
Nov. 10, 1877, to Oct. 20, 1878. .
Howard A. Hanaford -
Nov. 20, 1878, to Oct. 25, 1880.
Louise S. Bakerț
,, Dec. 12, 1880, to Feb. 14, 1888.
John C. Emery
Dec. 9, 1888, to Oct. 7, 1889.
Myron S. Dudley
-
Oct. 21, 1889, to Oct. 1, 1897.
Oct. 2, 1873, to Aug. 24, 1874.
*Mr. Abbott had a very successful ministry with the largest total accession to his Church of any Pastor for the first 100 years. He had 157 join by profession against 161 under Mr. Gurney but he had 15 join by letter against 2 Mr. Gurney had.
+Mr. Hosmer married a Nantucket woman, Miss Susan Coleman įMiss Baker was recognized as a minister of the Gospel without the concurrent action of a Council of Congregational churches, at a special meeting of the Church, August 25, 1884, and on the following Sunday she was informally inducted into the pastorate of this Church. This did not constitute her legally an ordained and installed pastor, but gave her a semi-official and an assured standing." Pastors of Nantucket, p. 8.) (Churches and
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HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
Walcott Fay* from Nov. 1, 1897, to Mar. 24, 1901.
Frederic W. Manning
Feb. 2, 1902, to Mar.
1912.
F. Arthur Sanborn
Mar. 1913, to Dec. 1916
Charles A. Ratcliffe
June 20, 1917.
THE UNITARIAN CHURCH
The Unitarian Church began as an off-shoot from the Orthodox Congregational Church. In its early days it went by the title of . the Second Congregational Church. Mr. Worth expresses the opinion that the separation was a part of the religious development of the day and an effort to liberalize the discipline of the Church. The form of the Congregational Church doctrine during the greater portion of the pastorate of Rev. Bezaleel Shaw was patterned after what was called the "Half-way Covenant." Mr. Worth says, a modification which originated with the Old South Church, of Bos- ton. Under the old system no one could vote or hold office unless he was a duly baptized member of the Church, and those only could be baptized who were of good moral character and had under gone a prescribed religious experience. The Church found, how-, ever, that there were other good men, men standing high in the community, and men of wealth and integrity. While they dis- claimed being "pious" they were exemplary citizens, and it was desirable to bring them under the influence of the Church. With this general principle in view, a compromise was effected, and some churches admitted to membership persons of discreet and upright lives, without requiring the aforesaid religious qualifica- tion. "In other words," says Mr. Worth, " the Church accepted one of the two requisites, instead of insisting on both." This con- dition of compromise they designated the "Half-way Covenant."t
This was the condition during the larger part of the ministry of Rev. Bezaleel Shaw, and it seemed to follow during the early period of the pastorate of Rev. James Gurney. About 1809, how- ever, there came a change. Mr. Gurney entirely abandoned the "Half-way Covenant" and drew the lines with a more uncomprom- ising orthodoxy. In that year there was a marked addition to the Church membership .¿ The year also saw a separation in the Par- ish. The movement affected the Church but little, only two of its members withdrawing .** Their number was increased, Mr. Worth
*"Mr. Fay being unable to complete the last year for which he was engaged, the Supply Committee resumed the charge of the pul- pit for the balance of the year, till November, 1901. For four months of this time, from May to September, Rev. Henry S. Snyder. of Wey- mouth was engaged. Rev. Rufus K. Harlow, of Medway, Mass., sup- plied till November 10, 1901. Churches and Pastors of Nantucket. +Proceedings Nant. Hist. Socy. 1910 p. 50. Henry B Worth Esq. 1150 were added.
** Rebecca Parker wife of Samuel and Ann Coffin wife of Thaddeus. (Worth-Proceedings Hist. Socy. 1910.)
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HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
states by the addition of some upon whom the austere mantle of the Quaker was irksome and who had been disowned.
Rev. Myron S. Dudley says of the movement *- "It started as a protest against the undue strictness and close surveillance ex- ercised over its members in the matter of recreation and amuse- ment rather than on account of any wide divergence on the ques- tion of doctrinal belief." Frederick C. Sanford, a prominent mem- ber, expresses a similar sentiment by saying the separation was due to a "growing spirit for more liberal ideas than had been prevailing among its worshippers."t Others attributed i to the location of the Meetinghouse which was inconveniently situated for many, and still others believed it due to friction between mem- bers of the Church and Parish.
Mr. Worth appears to consider that the location of the Meet- inghouse and a cleavage between the Church and Parish as the chief cause of separation. Of the theories advanced that of Mr. Dudley seems most tenable. Immediately after the dedication of the new Meetinghouse the settlement of the Minister and the elec- tion of the Deacons, the following Covenant was adopted:
"You and each of you profess to believe in one God the Father of all, and in Jesus Christ the Son of God and son of man, the only mediator between God and men, and in the Holy Spirit, the Sanctifier. You believe that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are the word of God, the account we have there of Creation, of the original rectitude of mankind, and their sub- sequent apostasy and depravity, and redemption by Jesus Christ and restoration to a state of trial and probation for holiness and everlasting life and happiness. You believe in the terms of justi- fication, and means of sanctification, as provided by Jesus Christ and revealed in His Gospel. You believe that faith in God, in Christ, and in the Gospel, repentance for sin, and holiness of heart and life are requisite for salvation. You believe that God hath appointed a day on which He will raise all the dead, and judge the world in righteousness by Jesus Christ, having given assur- ance thereof to all men, by raising Him from' the dead, and by re- ceiving Him up into Heaven, where He is now exalted at God's right hand, a Prince and Saviour to give repentance and remission of sins. You believe in a future state of recompense and retribu- tion, in which the righteous will be rewarded and the wicked will be punished according to their character in this probationary state. You believe in the external ordinances of the Gospel, Baptism and the Lord's Supper, that Baptism is the Sacrament of Initiation into the visible Covenant, or General Church of Christ and the token of Membership; and that the Lord's Supper is the appointed Sac- rament of Christian communion in the commemoration of Christ's. suffering and death; and that it ought to be observed by all His professed disciples until He shall come again. And you now from a sense of duty do give up yourself or selves and your offspring to God in an everlasting Covenant never to be forgotten, and promise by the grace of God to walk with Him in all the commandments and ordinances of the Gospel, blameless submitting yourself to the discipline of the Church as administered in His place. This you promise." On its part the Church in turn responded "We then
*Proceedings Nant. Hist. Socy. 1910.
+Ib.
558
HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
a Church of Christ joyfully receive you into our fellowship and communion, and engage to watch over you for admonition, ad- vice and instruction, praying that the God of peace may abund- antly bless us with peace and with the riches of his grace to whom be glory forever, Amen.
The difference in religious belief could not have been very radical for there was continued harmony between the churches. The new church was known as the "Second Congregational Church"
THE UNITARIAN CHURCH
and the interchange of pastors occasionally was evidence of con- tinued fraternity in what they deemed the essentials.
The Meetinghouse which was erected for the new congrega- tion, and which for many years has been known as the South Church, was built in 1809, the secession from the parent Church
559
HISTORY OF NANTUCKET
and the organization of the new having been accomplished in that year. The building was dedicated November 9th, 1809. The dedi- catory sermon was preached by Rev. Seth Freeman Swift,* who had been called to the new organization. Rev. James Gurney of the parent Church offered the dedicatory prayer. The first public preaching in the new Meetinghouse was on November 12, 1809.
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