USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Boston > The memorial history of Boston : including Suffolk County, Massachusetts, 1630-1880, Vol. III > Part 2
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iv
THE MEMORIAL HISTORY OF BOSTON.
An outline map of Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay is contained in a series called Charts of the Coast and Harbors of New England, by J. F. W. Des Barres, from Surveys by Samuel Holland and his Assistants, who have been employed on that service since the year 1764.
1775. Scat of War in New England by an American Volunteer, with the Marches of the several Corps sent by the Colonics towards Boston, with the attack on Bunker Hill. London, Sayer and Bennett, Sept. 2, 1775. (18 × 151/2 inches.) It extends from Lower New Hampshire to Narragansett Bay, and west to Leicester. It was reproduced in the Centennial Graphic, 1875.
On the same sheet are two marginal maps, - Plan of Boston Harbor (572 × 6 inches) ; and Plan of Boston and Charlestown, - the latter showing pictorially the battle of Bunker Hill in progress, and the town burning, - (51/2 × 12 inches). It seems to fol- low for Boston the London Magazine map, and is fac-similed in W. W. Wheildon's New History of the Battle of Bunker Hill, 1875 ; also in the accounts and memorials of the battle prepared by David Pulsifer, James M. Bugbee, and George A. Coolidge. It also very closely resembles the following : -
1775. Plan of the Town of Boston, with the attack on Bunker's Hill, in the Peninsula of Charlestown, on June 17, 1775. F. Norman, Sc. (11 1/2 × 7 inches, folding.) The Charlestown peninsula represents the town burning, and the British troops advancing to attack the redoubt. This map appeared in An impartial History of the War in America, Boston : Nathaniel Coverley and Robert Hodge, MDCCLXXXI. vol. i .; and in the second (1782) Newcastle-upon-Tyne edition of a book, published in London, of a like title, the first English edition having appeared in 1779. See Henry Stevens's Hist. Coll., i., No. 435.
1775. Map of Boston and Charlestown, by An English Officer present at Bunker Hill. London, Sayer and Bennett, Nov. 25, 1775. (14 × 14 inches.)
1775. Boston and the Surrounding Country, and Posts of the American Troops, Sept., 1775, is the title of a sketch in Trumbull's Autobiography, showing the lines of cir- cumvallation as drawn by himself. Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., April, 1879, p. 62. It is given in fac-simile, in Dr. Hale's chapter in the present volume.
1775. Plan of Boston and its environs, showing the true situation of His Majesty's Army, and also those of the Rebels ; drawn by an Enginecr at Boston, Oct., 1775 ; pub- lished, March 12, 1776, by Andrew Dury ; engraved by Jno. Lodge for the late Mr. Jefferys, geographer to the King. (25 X 1734 inches.) In Charlestown it shows the " Redoubt taken from ye rebels by General Howe," with the British camp on Bunker Hill. It includes Governor's Island, and takes in the Cambridge and Roxbury lines. It bears this address : "To the public. The principal part of this plan was surveyed by Richard Williams, lieutenant at Boston, and sent over by the son of a nobleman to his father in town, by whose permission it is published. N. B .- The original has been com- pared with, and additions made from, several other curious drawings."
1775. Map of Boston, Charlestown and vicinity, showing the lines of circumvalla- tion ; in Force's American Archives, iii. and reproduced in W. W. Wheildon's Siege and Evacuation of Boston and Charlestown, 1876.
1775. Plan of Boston, with Charlestown marked as in ruins ; in the Gentleman's Magazine, October 1775.
1775. A new and correct plan of the Town of Boston and Provincial Camp is in the Pennsylvania Magazine, July, 1775. It resembles that in the Gentleman's Magazine, January, 1775, and was engraved by Aitkins (712 × 101/2 inches), showing the peninsula only. In one corner of the plate is a plan of the Provincial Camp, scale two miles to one inch, with the circumvallating lines. It is reproduced in W. W. Wheildon's Siege and Evacuation of Boston and Charlestown ; Moore's Ballad History, etc.
1775. A new Plan of Boston Harbour from an actual survey, C. Lownes, sculp .; in the Pennsylvania Magazine, June, 1775. (71/2 × 101/2 inches.) It has this legend : " N. B. - Charlestown burnt, June 17, 1775, by the Regulars."
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V
INTRODUCTION.
1775. To the Honl. Fno. Hancock, F.sq., . . . this Map of the Seat of Civil War in America is . . . inscribed by . .. B. Romans. It extends from Buzzard's Bay to Salem, from the ocean to Leicester. (15 × 17 inches.) It contains also a marginal Plan of Boston and its Environs, 1775 (3 × 3/2 inches), showing the circumvallating lines. In the lower right-hand corner is a small view (1 × 61% inches) of The Lines thrown up on Boston Neck by the Ministerial Army. The key reads : " 1, Boston ; 2, Mr. Hancock's house ; 3, enemy's camp on Me [?] Hill; 4, block house ; 5, guardhouses; 6, gate and draw-bridge ; 7, Beacon Hill."
1775. An inaccurate map of Boston and environs (10X4 × 8 inches), made in June, 1775, and published, Aug. 28, 1775. in Almon's Remembrancer, i. It gives the head- quarters of the opposing forces, their camps, lines, etc. The second edition of the first volume of Almon contained a map giving forty miles about Boston, a plan of the town, and a map of the vicinity.
1775. A small Map of Boston and Vicinity, after one made during the British occu- pancy, is given in Harper's Monthly, June, 1873, in an article by B. J. Lossing, describing some views of Boston in the collection of Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet of New York.
1775. Boston and circumjacent Country, showing present situation of the King's Troops, and the Rebel intrenchments. July 25, 1775. (1634 × 17 inches.) A fac-simile of this, from the original manuscript owned by Mr. Charles Deane, is given in the Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., April, 1879.
1775. A draught of the Harbor of Boston, and the adjacent towns and roads, 1775, is the inscription on a manuscript map (12 × 9 inches) in the Belknap Papers, i. 84, in the Massachusetts Historical Society's cabinet.
1775. Plan of Dorchester Neck, made for the use of the British Army, given in T. C. Simond's Ilistory of South Boston, p 31. The History of Dorchester, p. 333, speaks of a map (of which an engraving is given) drawn by order of the British general, showing nine houses on the Neck, as being in the Massachusetts Historical Society Library ; but it can- not now be found. Simond's map was simply drawn from Pelham's, with names added.
1775. Boston and Vicinity, following Pelham for the country and Page for the harbor (13 × 9/2 inches), was compiled by Gordon for his American Revolution, in 1788
1775. Boston and Vicinity, 1775-1776 ; engraved for Marshall's Washington ; Phila- delphia, C. P. Wayne, 1806. (8}{ × 134 ) It follows Gordon's, and was reduced for subsequent editions. A wood-cut of a similar plan is given in Lossing's Field-book of the Revolution, i. 566. See also Carrington's Battles of the American Revolution, p. 154.
1775. Map of Boston and Vicinity. It is an eclectic map, showing the lines of cir- cumvallation, and was engraved for Sparks's Washington, iii. 26, and is also given in the Boston Evacuation Memorial, 1876. It was followed in Guizot's Washington, and in Bryant and Gay's United States, iii. 427.
1775. Boston and its Environs in 1755 and 1776 (64 × 9 inches). Shows the har- bor and the lines of circumvallation. An eclectic map, engraved for Frothingham's Siege of Boston, p. 91.
1775-1776. BRITISH LINES ON BOSTON NECK. Several plans are preserved. The main defence was at Dover Street, the outer works being near the line of Canton Street. A manuscript plan, - "the courses, distances. etc., taken from the memorandum book of a deserter from the Welch Fusileers," - is preserved in the Lee Papers, belonging to the American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia, and of this a description is given in the Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., April. 1879, p. 62. A reduced fac-simile is given in Dr. Hale's chapter. It has an explanatory table of the armament in the hand of Colonel Mifflin, Washington's aid, and is signed T. M. A plan nearly duplicate, sent by Washington to Congress (Force's American Archives, fourth series. p. 29), is copied by Force (p. 31), and is reproduced in Wheildon's Siege and Evacuation of Boston. Cf. Trumbull's Au- tobiography, p. 22, where it is mentioned that Trumbull, an aid to General Spencer, who
vi
THE MEMORIAL HISTORY OF BOSTON.
had made a sketch of the works, by crawling up under cover of the tall grass, had hoped by this means to recommend himself to the Commander-in-Chief. " My further progress was rendered unnecessary," he adds, "by the desertion of one of the British artillery- men, who brought out with him a rude plan of the entire work. My drawing was also shown to the General ; and their correspondence proved that, as far as I had gone, I was correct. This (probably) led to my future promotion." In the Pennsylvania Magazine, Aug. 1775, is an Exact Plan of General Gage's Lines on Boston Neck in America .. (9 X 111/2 inches.) The scale is a quarter of a mile to 4}} inches. It gives both the outer and inner lines. In the text a statement is made of the guns mounted, ending, - " This is a true state this day, July 31, 1775." A drawing of the British lines on the Neck, dated August, 1775, is in the Faden collection of maps in the Library of Congress. An engraved view is given in heliotype in Dr. Hale's chapter. A somewhat rude delineation of the lines on a contemporary powder-horn is noted in Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., June, 1881.
1776. Chart of Massachusetts Bay and Boston Harbor ; published, April 29, 1776; extends from Cape Ann to Cape Cod. It appeared in the Atlantic Neptune, dated Dec. 1, 1781. According to Shurtleff, one edition of this map is dated May, 1774. It also appeared, with the earlier date, in Des Barres' Charts of the Coast and Harbors of New England, 1781. W.P. Parrott in 1851 issued a reproduction of the Des Barres map of the harbor.
1776. Chart of Boston Bay; published Nov. 13, 1776. Takes in Salem, Scituate, and Watertown. (39 X 301/2 inches.) The surveys were made by Samuel Holland. As appearing in the Atlantic Neptune, 1780-83, it is dated Dec. 1, 1781, and signed by J. F. W. Des Barres. It is also included in Des Barres' Charts of the Coast and Harbors of New England, 1781. The Back Bay is called " Charles Bay."
1776. There is in the Massachusetts Historical Society's Cabinet a rudely drawn map of the harbor and adjacent parts (8 × 71/2 inches), in which the positions of the American forces are given. The Continental army is put at twenty thousand, and the Royal forces in the town at eight thousand.
1776. The North American Pilot for New England, etc., from original surveys by Captain John Gascoigne, Joshua Fisher, Jacob Blamey, and other Officers and Pilots in His Majesty's Service. London, Sayer and Bennett, 1776. This contains a chart of the harbor of Boston, with the soundings, etc. (34 X 21 inches). The course up the chan- nel, from below Castle William, is marked by bringing the outer angle of the North Battery in range with "Charlestown tree," which stands on the peninsula, inscribed " Ruins of Charlestown." Harvard College Library has the volume, and the loose map is in the Massachusetts Historical Society Library, and in the Public Library. Cf. Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., Sept. 1864. A second edition, 1800, is also in the College Library, and has the same map.
1776. Map of the seat of War in New England. London ; printed for Carrington Bowles, 1776. (612 × 41/2 inches.) It has on the margin a small chart of the harbor and environs.
1776. The seat of the late War at Boston, in the State of Massachusetts (7 X 10 inches), taking in Salem, Marshfield, and Worcester, is given in the Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine, July, 1789.
1776. Plan of Boston in the Geschichte der Kriege in und aus Europa, Nuremberg, 1776.
1776. Carte du port et havre de Boston, par le Chevalier de Beaurain, Paris, 1776 (28 × 23 inches). It bears the earliest known representation of the Pine-tree banner, in the hands of a soldier, making part of the vignette. There are copies in the Massachu- setts Historical Society Library, and in Harvard College Library.
1776. (?) There is in the collection of maps made in Paris for the State, by Ben Per- ley Poore, and preserved in the State archives, one entitled, Carte de la Baye de Boston,
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vii
INTRODUCTION.
située dans la Nouvelle Angleterre (7 × 61/5 inches), which is marked, " Tome i. No. 30," as if belonging to a series.
1776. Carte von dem Hafen und der stad Boston, mit den umliegenden Gegenden und den Lägern sowohl der Amerikaner als auch der Engländer, von dem Cheval de Beaurin, nach dem Pariser original von 1776. Frentzel, sculpt. This also appeared in the first part of the Geographische Belustigungen, Leipsic, 1776, by J. C. Muller, of which there is a copy in Harvard College Library.
1778. The Atlas Ameriquain Septentrional, à Paris, chez Le Rouge, ingenieur Géo- graphe du Roi, 1778, repeated the " l'lan de Boston " from Jefferys' American Atlas of 1776, with names in English and descriptions in French. Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., Sep- tember, 1864. There was also an edition " after the original by M. Le Rouge, Austin Street, 1777," styled La Nouvelle Angleterre en 4 feuilles.
1780. Carte particulière du Havre de Boston, reduite de la carte anglaise de Des Barres, par ordre de M. de Sartine, 1780 (23 × 34 inches). It has the scal of the " Dépôt générale de la marine," and makes part of the Neptune Americo-Septentrional, publié par ordre du Roi.
1780. Plan of the new Streets in Charlestown, with the alteration of the old. Sur- veyed in 1780 by John Leach. No scale given. (254 ×19%4 inches.) It shows parts of Main and Henley streets, the Square, and Water Street. The names of all abutters on the streets are given, with accurate measurements of each lot. It is manuscript.
1782. A New and Accurate Chart of the Harbour of Boston in New England in North America (612 × 9 inches), published in the Political Magazine, November, 1827.
MAPS OF BOSTON SUBSEQUENT TO THE REVOLUTION. - The following list gives all, or nearly all, the maps of Boston (including the harbor and the vicinity, and considerable portions of the town or present city) pub- lished between the close of the Revolution and the middle of the present century : -
1784. Plan of the Town of Boston (9 × 6 inches). This map is interesting as show- ing the outline of the "tri-mountain" in relation to the streets of 1784, when the original elevation had not been materially changed. It appeared in the Boston Magazine, October, 1784, accompanying a Geographical Gasetteer of Massachusetts, which was originally issued in instalments in that magazine. The original is in a copy of the magazine in the Boston Public Library. It was re-engraved in the New York edition (1846) of A Short Narra- tive of the Horrid Massacre, and in Kidder's History of the Boston Massacre, Albany, 1870. It resembles the London Magazine map of 1774.
1787. Dr. Belknap made a plan of so much of the town as was swept by the fire of April in this year, which spread along Orange Street, taking Hollis Street church, extending to Common Street. A fac-simile of his sketch is given in the Belknap Papers, i. 470.
1789. Chart of the Coast of America. from Cape Cod to Cape Elizabeth. Sold by Matthew Clark, Boston, October, 1789. It has a marginal chart of Boston Harbor (7 × 6 inches). This chart belongs to a collection of North American charts dedicated by Clark to John Hancock.
1789. A map of the town (91/2 × 7 inches), engraved by John Norman (who had his printing office near the Boston Stone), which appeared in the Boston Directory 1 of this year, -the earliest one published. Dr. Belknap speaks of it as very imperfect. See Belknap Papers, ii. 115, and Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., June, 1875.
1 This first Boston Directory was reprinted, again separately in that year, from the same correcting the alphabetizing, in Dearborn's Bos-
type. Copies of the first Directory usually want ton Notions ; also in the Directory of 1852, and the map ; the Public Library copy has it.
viii
THE MEMORIAL HISTORY OF BOSTON.
1791. The American Pilot. Boston, John Norman, 1791. O. Carleton,1 Sept. 10, 1791, certifies on the title that he has compared the charts with Holland's and Des Barres', and other good authorities. A map of the coast from Timber Island, Maine, to New York, shows Boston Harbor (about 4 × 4 inches).
1794. Dr. Belknap sketched a plan of that part of the town lying between Washington Street and Fort Hill, showing the new Tontine Crescent. A fac-simile is given in the Belknap Papers, ii. 351.
1794. The English Pilot, London, Mount & Davidson, gives a large chart of the Sea Coast of New England from Cape Cod to Casco Bay, lately Surveyed by Captain Henry Osgood Carleton Barnsley. Sold by W. & I. Mount & T. Page, London. It gives a space of about three inches square to Boston Har- bor. The Pilot also contains a large chart of the Coast of New England from Staten Island to the Island of Breton, as it was actually surveyed by Captain Cyprian Southack. Sold by I. Mount, T. Page, & W. Mount, London. This
BOSTON LIGHT, 1789.2
plate has a marginal Plan of Boston (11 1/2 × 7 inches), which seems to be Southack's reduction of Bonner, made sixty years before, in 1733. See Vol. I. p. liv.
1794. Matthew Withington's Map of Roxbury is the earliest manuscript map of that part of the present city. See Drake's Town of Roxbury, p. 52. There are copies of this at the State House and in the city surveyor's office.
1794. A Plan of Charlestown, surveyed in December, 1794 . . By Sant'. Thompson, surveyor. Scale, 200 rods to an inch. (161/2 × 101/2 inches.) It is stated in the margin that there are 344 acres within the neck, and 3,940 without the neck; that White Island, at the east end of Malden Bridge, contains 16 acres ; and that the whole acreage therefore
1 Osgood Carleton was born at Haverhill in eral Court, in 1801. Mass. IFist. Soc. Proc., i. 1742, and died in 1816. fle served in the Revo- p. 141. He was an original member of the Mas- sachusetts Society of the Cincinnati. lution ; and after the war taught mathematics in . Boston, and published various maps, -among others a map of the State, by order of the Gen-
2 This is a fac-simile of a plate in the Massa- chusetts Magazine, February, 1789.
ix
INTRODUCTION.
Is 4,300, which includes Mystic Pond (200 acres), and also all brooks, creeks, and roads in the town. The adjoining towns are shown by different colored lines. Only the county roads in Charlestown are marked, and the site of the meeting-house on Town Hill is indicated. This plan is now in the Secretary's office at the State House, and has never been reproduced.
1795. An original map of the town, surveyed by Osgood Carleton for the selectmen, is preserved in the city surveyor's office, Boston. City Document, No. 119, of 1879.
1795. Carleton's survey was used in a small map (14% × 9 inches), which was en- graved by Joseph Callender for the second Boston Directory, published by John West, 1796. This same date was kept on the map in the Directories of 1798 and 1800. In 1803 the date is omitted, and a few changes are made in the plate. In 1807 the map is en- titled simply Plan of Boston, and the references are omitted.
1797. An accurate Plan of the Town of Boston, and its vicinity. . . . Also, part of Charlestown and Cambridge, from the surveys of Samuel Thompson, Esq., and part of Roxbury and Dorchester from those of Mr. Whitherington [sic] (all which surveys
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CASTLE ISLAND, 1789.1
were taken by order of the General Court). By Osgood Carleton, teacher of mathemat- ics in Boston. I. Norman, Sc. Published as the act directs, May 16, 1797. (37 × 40 inches.) See Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc, 1880, p 365. There is a heliotype of the Boston part of it reduced, in Vol. IV., following the Harvard College copy.
1800. A new Plan of Boston, from actual surveys by Osgood Carleton, with correc- tions, additions, and improvements. This is of the peninsula only (27 × 20 inches), and is seemingly a section of the 1797 map. It was reproduced in 1878 by G. B. Foster, in fac-simile, somewhat reduced.
1801. Plan of East Boston ; in Sumner's History of East Boston.
1803. See 1795 (Directory map).
1806. A new Plan of Boston, drawn from the best authorities, with the latest im- provements, additions, and corrections. Boston, published and sold by W. Norman, Pleas- ant Street ; sold also by William Pelham, No. 59 Cornhill. This is the ISoo plan, with the plate lengthened to include South Boston. "taken from the actual surveys of Mr.
1 This cut shows, in fac-simile, a plate of this fortification which appeared in the Massachusetts, Magazine, May, 1789.
VOL. III .- b.
X
THE MEMORIAL HISTORY OF BOSTON.
Withington " (35 × 19 inches). There are changes of ward-numbers and bounds. The lower part of the plate, below Dover Street, is re-engraved. There is a copy in the Boston Public Library.
1809. Directory map, published by Edward Cotton ; engraved by Callender (15 × 9% inches).
1814. A map showing houses and estates (28 × 36 inches), drawn by J. G. Hales, engraved by T. Wightman. A fac-simile was issued by Alexander Williams in 1879
1814. A plan " of the contemplated design of erecting perpetual tide-mills," engraved by Dearborn, on wood, dated February, 1814. A copy in the American Antiquarian Society's Library is indorsed by Isaiah Thomas, "Done by the new method of printing the colors, 1813." This plan is given in reduced heliotype in Mr. Stanwood's chapter in Vol. IV.
1817. Chart of Boston Harbor ; surveyed by Alexander Wadsworth, by order of Commodore William Bainbridge ; engraved by Allen & Gaw ; published in Philadelphia by John Melish in 1819; scale, 1500 fect to one inch (42 × 36 inches). Scale, 1500 feet to one inch.
1818. Plan of the Charlestown Peninsula. . . . From accurate survey by Peter Tufts, fr., Esq. Engraved by Annin & Smith, Boston. (21 × 1714 inches). See Mr. Edes's chapter in this volume.
1819. Boston and Vicinity (311/2 × 25 inches), by John G. Hales, engraved by Edward Gillingham. Some issues are dated 1820. To this year are ascribed two volumes of original plans of streets, lanes, and abutting houses, made by Hales for the selectmen, which are preserved in the city surveyor's department. See City Document No. 119, of 1879. Hales's engraved map was reissued, with revisions by Nathan Hale, in 1829 and 1833.
1821. Hales's Survey of Boston and Vicinity has a map of the Back Bay, showing the ' Great Dam," or Mill Dam.
1821. Blunt's New Chart of the New England Coast has a marginal chart of Boston Harbor.
1824. Plan of Boston (4 × 614 inches), by Abel Bowen, shows the original water- line and parts of the out-wharf. In Snow's History of Boston ; also in Bowen's Picture of Boston, 1828 ; and in Snow's Geography of Boston, 1830.
1824. Plan of Boston (22 × 22 inches). by William B. Annin and G. G. Smith ; re- issued frequently by Smith, and used in the municipal registers and school documents.
1826. Boston and Vicinity (6 X 34 inches), by A. Bowen ; in Snow's History of Boston, 1826 and 1828 ; and in Bowen's Picture of Boston, 1828. 1
1828. Plan of Boston (141/2 × 9 inches), by Hazen Morse; in Boston Directory, published by Hunt and Simpson, and then by Charles Simpson, Jr .; continued in use till 1839, with changes and additions.
1829 See 1819.
1830. Plan of the Town of Charlestown, in the County of Middlesex . . . . made in August, 1830, under direction of the Selectmen, conformable to Resolves of the Legislature passed March 1, 1830; by John G. Hales, surveyor. Scale, 100 rods to the inch. (261% X 151/2 inches.) The principal roads without the neck are laid down, and all the principal streets on the peninsula are shown. This is drawn in india ink and colors ; is preserved in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, and has never been reproduced.
1831. Mitchell's United States has a map of Boston and Vicinity (41/2 × 34 inches).
1831. Surveys of Dorchester (with Milton) made by Edmund J. Baker ; lithographed by Pendleton ; scale, 3 miles to 1 inch (33 × 26 inches).
1832. Town of Roxbury, by J. G. Hales ; scale, 100 rods to 1 inch (25 X 171/2 inches); includes the present West Roxbury. It is reduced in F. S. Drake's Town of Roxbury.
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