USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Milford > Town Annual Report of the Officers of the Town of Milford, Massachusetts 1881-1890 > Part 10
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Effie Anna Holmes,
E. F.
60
citizen of ample means to confer a lasting benefit upon the school by equipping it with a library adapted to its needs.
The attacks upon the high school system, so prevalent a few years since, have spent their force. It is too firmly engrafted into the tree of national life to fear the opposition of fanatics and demagogues. Each year adds to its strength, and its future is inseparable from the healthy growth and prosperity of the country.
EVENING SCHOOL.
The evening school began October 23, and holds its sessions four nights each week, as heretofore. Joseph H. Wood, Esq., who taught the school last year with such marked success, was elected principal, and Miss Annie F. Keating, assistant. Owing to the complaints of pu- pils and teachers of the unfitness and inconveniences of the old quar- ters in the town hall, the Board decided to transfer the school to two unoccupied rooms in the Claflin building. Here, with no extra expense, the school is quartered in two well-heated, well-ventilated apartments, undisturbed by the obnoxious noises that frequently interrupted the exercises of the school in previous years.
As a guarantee of regular attendance, and to free the school from idlers, a deposit of one dollar was required of each pupil on entering, to be refunded at the close of the term, provided the pupil is in regular standing at that time. This plan, which has worked well in other places, has proven equally efficacious here in keeping away such as come out of curiosity alone and not for work.
Irregular attendance is the bane of evening schools. It is hard for young persons who have worked hard all day, to shut themselves in a school-room all the evening; and it is not to be wondered at that out- side attractions prove often too alluring to be resisted.
The ratio of attendance to the total membership, as shown in the subjoined table, is very satisfactory. Absentees have been subjected to the closest scrutiny, and good reasons required for non-attendance. The discipline has been excellent. I was much pleased, in my visits to the school, with the gentlemanly bearing of the older pupils, and particularly those who attended the school last winter. The interest manifested, and the earnest application to their duties, showed clearly that the pupils attending this school were there for a purpose.
The common English branches, including book-keeping, are taught. The instruction is thorough and practical, and it is to be regretted that none of our young ladies avail themselves of its advantages. The evening school is an important factor in our scheme of modern educa- tion. That which was begun here five years since as an experiment, has proven a success. It is worthy the generous support of our citi- zens, and I am confident that it will receive it in the future as in the past.
Total membership, 39; average attendance, 33.3; per cent. attend- ance, 86; average age, 15.4 years; number scholars over fifteen, 15.
TEACHERS.
Our corps of teachers has been materially weakened the past year by the loss of several of its most efficient and experienced members. One was forced to resign on account of ill-health, one was called to a more lucrative field, and three others withdrew for various causes. By the withdrawal of these teachers, long and intimately identified with the
61
best interests of the schools, the town has suffered a material loss, and the effect upon the schools has been apparent.
Teaching is rapidly approaching the dignity of a profession, and the demands now made to meet the requirements of an enlightened public sentiment, call for such length of time for preparation, such training and thorough knowledge, that persons who enter it for a make-shift are found less frequently to-day in the ranks of the teachers of our graded schools.
The idea that any one who is fit for nothing else, is capable of teach- ing school, has prevailed to a certain extent in the past, and is still prev- valent among a certain class. The elements necessary to make a suc- cessful teacher are many. He should possess good health and charac- ter, sound judgment, a kind heart, tact and enthusiasm for the work. These must be supplemented by thorough and accurate scholarship, good training, a love of children and common-sense. A noble Quaker once said: "There are three things necessary to a person's success in this life-good health, religion and common-sense, and the most impor- tant of these is common-sense." It is a sentiment worthy every teach- er's thought.
Many of the teachers of Milford are thoroughly fitted for the position that they occupy. As graduates of College or Normal School, they have come to their work thoroughly equipped, and by constant study and observation have kept pace with the progressive ideas of the day, and rank well with teachers in more favored localities. Would that this could be said of all. No amount of money, no supervision will or can accomplish much without good teachers. With them must rest, to a great extent, the responsibility of the success or failure of our schools. Those who fail to accomplish that which is demanded of them, after a fair and impartial trial, should not be retained from year to year to work injuries that are not in the power of man to repair. To dismiss such teachers is the hardest duty that devolves upon Superintendent or Committee. Nor do I think that teachers should be removed for slight reasons. As long as they perform their duties faithfully and success- fully, their tenure of office should be secure. But when the necessity arises, when there is no reasonable doubt that the welfare of the schools demands a change, there should be no hesitation or delay in the matter, but the removal should be made at once.
Many of our most efficient and experienced teachers are found in the Primary grades. They have taught for years, and with marked suc- cess. They complain, and I think with justice, of the small salaries. As long as they remain in the Primary grades, there is no present hope of increase, while in the Grammar grades there is that hope. If they are promoted, the foundation is weakened, and the stability of the structure destroyed. And more, educators are united in the opinion that it requires rare ability to instruct successfuly a Primary school ; and in recognition of this fact in towns most noted for progress in edu- cational matters, the salaries of Primary teachers are equal to or higher than in Grammar grades below the first. Salaries should be scaled for each grade, based upon the experience and success of the teacher. The salaries in all your graded schools, are small. The highest salaries will command the greatest talent. With a slight increase in salaries, a thor- ough examination of all candidates for positions in the schools, an im- partial and discriminating judgment in making appointments, we may reasonably expect in a short time to find in the schools only such teach- ers as are thoroughly competent to fill the high and noble duties of their calling.
62
SCHOOL SESSIONS.
In the grades below the High School, the regular hours of session are from 9 to 12 A. M. from April to November, 1:30 to4:30 P. M., and from November to April from 1:15 to 4:15.
In the "good old times" when the village schoolmaster reigned su- preme with his birchen rod, "school kept" six hours each day, and ev- ery other Saturday was thought sufficient holiday. This may have been well when the school year was of three to five months duration, and the old methods of instruction were in vogue. But with the longer school year, and the changes that have taken place as to the means of imparting knowledge, the "old idea" has been abandoned long since by progressive educators, and medical authorities are agreed that so long hours in the school room is neither conducive to the health or best prog- ress of children. It would be difficult to find a city or a town in New England with the best schools, where children are confined to the school room more than five hours each day. Health should be the paramount consideration in the arrangement of our school houses. Give children more hours of out-door recreation, and such hours as are most benefic- ial for them to be in the open air.
In the winter months, especially, school should not be in session after four o'clock. After that hour, the light is insufficient to enable pupils to study without a strain upon their eyes. To close at that hour, would allow only one hour at noon. This would engender bringing of dinner by many pupils and teachers, which is inadvisable for many reasons. Many cases of tardiness and dismissals occur from children who are re- quired by parents to carry dinner to them at their work. A longer nooning would stop this-a serious and growing evil in our schools. Moreover, the last hour in school is the hardest both for teachers and pupils. The latter become uncasy and restless, and the former are apt to have less patience when it is most necessary. In consideration of these and other valid reasons that might be urged, your Superintendent would advise that the sessions of the Primary grades be shortened one hour each day, and the Grammar grades half an hour, convinced as he is that with shortened sessions the same amount and better work will be done, that the tone of the schools will be improved, and public inter- ests be best subserved.
GRADATION, SCHOOL CLASSIFICATION, ETC.
The scheme of study provides for four years in the Primary grades, and four in the Grammar. There are two to four classes in each low- est Primary, and one in all the other rooms. Pupils in the lowest Pri- mary are advanced at such times as the progress and capabilities of the scholars warrant. In all other grades, promotions are made once each year, in June. The scheme of study has been adapted to the schools with carc. Such changes will be made from time to time, however, as experience suggests. But a perfect scheme alone will not insure suc- cess. The ability and faithfulness of the teachers must be superadded. Teachers not only are expected to instruct thoroughly in all the parts as- signed to their grades, but by frequent reviews and tests they should see that what has been learned by pupils in the lower grades, is not lost. Whether pupils should remain in the classes to which they are promoted or returned to the classes from which they came, must be left to the Superintendent. It is not just that any teacher should be com- pelled to give a large portion of his time in teaching the principles that have been neglected in any grade below.
The school classification has undergone a slight change during the
63
past year. It now comprises one High, six Grammar, with fifteen dif -- ferent rooms, fifteen Primaries and six District schools. These are .. taught by 41 teachers. Owing to the withdrawal of so many pupils to attend the Parochial school, two rooms have been dispensed with within a year-one in the Claflin building and one in the Plains Grammar. Under the present arrangement in the Claflin school, No. 4 Grammar. and the highest Primary are taught in one room, and grades three and: four at the Plains are under one teacher. The increased attendance at the Hopedale school, rendered it necessary to place an assistant in that building. That this school should have equal advantages with the other- schools, it will be necessary to continue the arrangement. It may be- found expedient to close another school the coming year, if the with -. drawal of children from the public schools continues. Should such oc -- casion occur, your board will be so advised.
Extensive repairs were made upon some buildings the past year .. Innumerable minor repairs are always necessary. The legitimate wear- and tear upon twenty buildings, with their different rooms, is no trif -- ling matter. Many of the buildings are getting old, and the coming" vear demands a large outlay to put them in proper shape. It is false economy to allow buildings to lapse into ruin before attending to needed. repairs. The health and comfort of teachers and pupils, is a matter " of primary importance. School buildings should be well ventilated,. well hea ted and lighted, comfortable, neat and tasty, and the grounds- and all the appurtenances clean, well-kept and attractive, that the taste . of the children may be cultivated as well as their health preserved. To. bring about these results, would require large sums of money and a judicious expenditure ; but the outlay would be repaid with ten-fold interest.
MISCELLANEOUS.
In treating of different subjects in this report, the good work that is: being done in the greater number of the schools has been remarked upon. The instruction in them is sound, and of good methods, and the effects upon the bearing, characters and intellectual development of " the pupils marked. The reason that it is not so of all, has also been touched upon. It is needless to again assert that no school of study, no methods, 110 supervision can avail unless the issue is made squarely and the agents who fail to perform with fidelity and ability all that their positions demand, be superceded by such as can.
Let me again call attention to the necessity of equipping each school with illustrative apparatus. Maps, globes, books of reference in the Grammar grades, and a well-chosen supply of supplementary reading . matter for all grades, are the things most needed.
Music and drawing yet remain to be introduced into our scheme of." study. The merits of these as a part of the curriculum in the schools calls for no praise from me. That they possess a legitimate sphere in the public school system, has long ceased to be a matter of theory and speculation. Long and well tested experience has demonstrated that they can be taught successfully without the employment of special in - structors. I would respectfully advise that drawing, at least, be intro- duced into our schools at once. It can be done with little or no expense to the town, and without entailing much expense upon individuals.
Music is more an ornamental branch, and can longer be deferred. But if it possesses influences to soften and subdue even the savage. nature, what powers of imagination and beauty, what good and noble". qualities can be engendered in the minds of our youth by its daily use. .
64
That we may follow the lead of our neighboring cities in this matter, is to be desired.
Visits by parents are made frequently to many of the schools. Some schools, however, rarely see a visitor except the Superintendent. It is earnestly hoped that all friends of the schools may be often seen in them. All good teachers will take pleasure in such visits, and parents becoming thus more intimately acquainted with the schools will be better enabled to comprehend their needs, and enter more into sympa- thy with those who are faithfully striving to implant into the minds of their children the seeds of a golden harvest in the future.
CONCLUSION.
The prosperity of our schools depends on the united influences of all who lend to their support. What the schools shall be, will depend up- on what the public demand and what it is willing to do to bring them to a high standard of excellence. The schools are a good index of the value placed upon education by the people, and a fair representation of their intelligence and enterprise. Mindful of this, may our schools be placed upon the highest plane, and receive that cordial and generous support that they so richly deserve.
Respectfully submitted, WM. E. HATCH, Superintendent of Schools.
IN MEMORIAM.
Once has death entered our midst, and removed one of our most faithful and successful teachers. Miss Kate A. Wallace died of consumption in the early fall. Her whole term of service was in the Bear Hill school. She remained at her post of duty until the close of the Summer term, failing rapidly from that time. Miss Wallace possessed many attributes that made her beloved by all to whom she was known.
65
CALENDAR, 1883.
HIGH SCHOOL.
Winter term of 12 weeks begins January 2; ends March 23.
Summer 66 66 April 2; ends June 22.
Fall 16 6: September 3; ends December 21. VACATIONS.
One week, ending March 30, 1883.
Ten weeks, August 31, 1883.
One week, December 28, 1883.
OTHER GRADES.
Winter term of 10 weeks begins January 8; ends March 16.
Summer
April 2; ends June S.
Fall 16
September 3; onds December 21. VACATIONS.
Two weeks ending March 30, 1883. Twelve “ 66 August 31, 1883. Two 66
January 4, 1883.
HOLIDAYS, ALL GRADES.
Every Saturday, Thursday and Friday of Thanksgiving week, and such other days as are legal holidays.
OFFICE HOURS OF SUPERINTENDENT.
From 8 to 9 A. M. cach school day, and 7 to 8 P. M. Tuesdays and Thursdays.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
Receipts and Expenditures
OF THE
TOWN OF MILFORD,
CONTAINING REPORTS OF THE
Collector, Treasurer, Selectmen, Overseers of the Poor, School Committee, Engineers, Board of Health, Town Clerk, Trustees of the Town Library and Trustees of Vernon Grove Cemetery,
FOR THE
YEAR ENDING FEBRUARY 13, 1886.
MILFORD, MASS. : MILFORD JOURNAL STEAM JOB PRINT.
1886.
APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1885.
Highways, (including special appropriations). $8,800 00
Incidentals . .
6,000 00
Street Lights and Gas, (including spec. appropriations) 2,900 00
Library .
1,000 00
Teaching School and salary of Superintendent.
17,500 00
Care of School Houses
1,300 00
Fuel for School Houses
1,100 00 500 00
School Incidentals.
1,000 00
Repairs on Buildings, including specials
2,000 00
Text Books and Supplies
700 00
Poor Department.
10,000 00 750 00
Military Aid .
Fire Department, pay of Members
4,650 00
Fire Department, Incidentals
1,000 00
Fire Department, Repairs
300 00
Fire Department, New Hose
300 00
Interest
7,000 00
Town Park.
125 00
Decoration Day
100 00
Concrete Sidewalks
1,000 00
Town Debt and Memorial Hall .
5,000 00
Water for Fires.
3,250 00
Sewer Committee.
300 00
Vernon Grove Cemetery .
200 00
Town House Repairs
1,200 00
Repairs at Poor Farm 500 00
$78,475 00
TO THE TAX PAYERS OF MILFORD.
We have endeavored to keep within your appropriations, and have done so to a large extent.
We have placed the basement and upper rooms of the Town House in good condition, but the middle portion is in bad repair. Our highways are generally in fair condition, but some streets will need special care the coming year.
We thought best to defend the suit brought by Timothy Shea, and secured as counsel, H. E. Fales and T. G. Kent.
We have secured, and have in readiness, a large quantity of stone chips from the granite quarries.
Our taxes have been promptly collected.
Evening School .
COLLECTOR'S REPORT.
JOSEPH H. WOOD, COLLECTOR OF SIDEWALK TAXES, 1884.
DR.
Balance uncollected, Feb. 12, 1885. $89 80
Paid E. C. Claflin, Treasurer.
CR.
$89 80
JOSEPH H. WOOD, COLLECTOR OF SIDEWALK TAXES, 1885.
DR.
Taxes committed
$499 03
CR.
Paid E. C. Claflin, Treasurer
$269 98
Balance uncollected, Feb. 12, 1886. 229 05
$499 03
JOSEPH H. WOOD, COLLECTOR FOR 1884.
DR.
Balanced uncollected, Feb. 12, 1885 .
$2,999 63
Assessed since. 3 70
$3,003 33
CR
$2,285 30
Abatements ... . . . . 718 03
$3,003 33
JOSEPH H. WOOD, COLLECTOR FOR 1885.
DR.
Taxes committed
$88,481 42
Assessed since.
452 97
$88,934 39
CR.
Paid E. C. Claflin, Treasurer
$79,910 82
Paid County Tax.
4,333 00
Abatements
1,147 21
Discount .
1,863 30
Balance uncollected, Feb. 12, 1886.
1,680 06
$88,934 39
Paid E. C. Claflin, Treasurer
TREASURER'S REPORT.
FOR THE YEAR ENDING FEBRUARY 16, 1886.
Amount in hands of Treasurer, Feb. 18, 1885 $5422 23 Borrowed of Milford Savings Bank . 40,000 00
RECEIVED OF
J. H. Wood, collector, tax for 1885 79,910 82
J. H. Wood, collector, tax for 1884 2285 30
C. A. Dewey, rent of court room. 300 00
J. H. Scott, Treasurer, old engine sold. 622 10
Charles and Edgar Snow, horse sold. 125 00
Town of Plympton, aid to C. A. Wright 84 00
J. H. Wood, collector, sidewalk tax of 1884. .
89 80
J. H. Wood, collector, sidewalk tax of 1885 .. 269 98
B. H. Montague, rent of lockup. 197 50
B. H. Montague, rent of hall ..
109 40
Milford Water Co., work done
83 00
Edward A. Brown, county treasurer, dog tax
Dan'l A. Gleason, state treasurer, corporation tax ....
66 66 bank tax. 952 93
66 66
state aid. .
3935 50
66
66
Military aid.
800 50
66
66 school fund .. ...
97 42
66
66 armory rent. .
300 00
Kent & Dewey, witness fees, Greene Bros. case ..
26 00
Mr. Gardner, lamp post .. 2 00
James Edwards, broken street lamp . 6 25
Gilbert Thompson, donation to Memorial hall .... RECEIVED FOR WORK BY TOWN TEAMS :
W. H. Ring $4 50
H. W. Lent 8 00
Miss Pettit. 5 00
G. Chapin. 2 25
H. Cook . 4 60
John Madden 1 50
John Gillon. 50
James Bartlett 40 00
Thomas Quirk 50
D. O'Connor. 2 00
Charles Tufts. 2 25
J. H. Hildreth 19 00
Mr. Lilley.
5 00
5 00
598 87
6305 66
5
E. F. Murphy . $21 35
S. Hapgood .. 16 50
Charles Colburn . 75
George Bailey
75
E. E. Cook.
1 50
Wm. Morrison.
1 50
Martin McNamara.
1 00
John Smith .
5 53
Mrs. Rafferty ..
10 00
G. N. Hayward 5 35
Otis Nelson
4 50
A. A. Taft. .
83 49
W. H. Baker
8 00
Milford National Bank.
.
.
3 00
P. McGarry
6 50 50
J. W. Harris
50
Warren Nye
10 45
J. Shaw.
23 00
O. B. Parkhurst.
3 50
Mrs. Barton Cook
1 20.
George Whitney
75
P. Moriarty.
3 00
L. L. Wheelock.
12 00
Electric Light Co.
80 85
R. B. Greene.
10 50
M. P. Callanan.
17 25
Felton estate.
3 75
Pat'k Neelon.
2 00
Dennis O'Connell .
8 60
I. N. Davis.
2 25
Wm. Clark. 5 50
T. J. Sheldon 2
1č 00
Board of Health 47 50
Lumber sold. 7 00
9 75
$572 37
RECEIVED OF
J. H. Wood, auctioneer's license
$2 00
Leonard Hunt,
66
2 00
E. A. Fisk, 66
2 00
Thomas Davoren, 66
2 00
G. C. Thayer,
66
·
. . 2 00
J. P. Gallagher, 66 66
2 00
. .
Martin L. Nason, peddler's license
. .
15 00
.
.
¢
·
. ..
. .
.
B. Hayward.
40 70
D. Minturn
Chopping blocks.
A. C. Withington.
6
J. O'Keefe, pool license $2 00
David Quinn, 66
2 00
J. McGinniss, 66
2 00
Bryan Manion, 66
2 00
John Cronan, 66
2 00
Alfred Goucher, 66
2 00
C. F. Cooper, 66 2 00
2 00
Lyman Cheney,
2 00
O. F. Knowlton,
.
2 00
Milford House, 66
2 00
Geo. G. Merry, rink license.
3 00
H. D. Wilson, 66
3 00
Van Amburg & Co., circus license 50 00
Van Amburg & Co., rent of ground. 20 00
W. E. Cheney, bill board license six months . .
5 00
W. A. Pond, pool and bowling license . . Milford Music Hall license . .
54 00
A. J. Madden, dime show license. 2 00 . .
Received for liquor licenses, viz :
Patrick Gillon. .. .$175 00|John J. Crahan .... $125 00
Patrick Gillon. 125 00 Thos. Mullen - . 125 00
Wm. A. Pond. 125 00 Chas. H. Gillon .... 175 00
J. O'Keefe. 100 00 John Rogers. 100 00
John Cronan. 125 00 Edward J. Gallagher 50 00
Bryan Manion 125 00 L. R. Hazard. 175 00
Thos. Kelley. 125 00|L. R. Hazard. 125 00
H. A. Greeley 75 00 James Igoe . 175 00
Alfred Goucher. 175 00 J. F. Stratton & Bro. 175 00
C. F. Cooper . .. 125 00|J. F. Stratton & Bro. 125 00
David Nugent. 100 00 John Stratton. . . 175 00
J. & F. H. Wood .. Wm. Sheehan.
125 00|Wm. Fitzpatrick ... 100 00 125 00 Jas. Fitzpatrick .... 50 00
A. H. Sweet .. 75 00 Edward Gallagher ..
50 00
Wm. H. Murray ...
125 00|H. E. Morgan. .. ....
75 00
L. A. Lamson. 75 00|0. F. Knowlton .. 125 00
J. A. Rice. . 75 00 Geo. W. Brigham. . . 125 00
David Quinn.
125 00 Mary Butler 75 00
John Shortall. 100 00 W. P. Beals. 175 00
Hannah Sheehan. 50 00 Lyman Cheney 125 00
John F. Maguiniss. . Thos. Quirk.
125 00 A. F. Burke. 100 00
125 00 John Dillon. 50 00
Elizabeth Tobin .. . .
50 00 Patrick Hilferty .. · 100 00
Thos. Donahue . James Conley ·
100 00 Alphonso Sumner. . . 75 00
125 00 Richard Holland .... 100 00
.
10 00
Mr. Harriden, 66
. · ·
0
C. H. Gillon, 66
2 00
Thomas Kelley, 66
4 00
7
James Bradley ..... $125 00 Thomas McGee .... $100 00 Bernard McNally ... 125 00 Kate Fitzgerald .... 100 00
Kate McCormick ... 50 00 Joseph Reagan . . .. 50 00 Mary [Drury 50 00 James Cahill. 50 00
Mary Kelley. 100 00 Thomas Cauley. ... 100 00
Eliz. Ward . 55 00 McCormick & Mc-
Hannah Tinan. .
50 00 Guinness . 150 00
Geo. Tulley . . . .... 50 00 Peter Sullivan. . ... 100 00
Maurice Nelligan. . . 100 00 Thos. Cauley, (1884) 100 00
-$7075 00
Paid on Selectmen's orders
$150,378 63 148,447 81
Balance in hand of Treasurer, Feb'y 16, '86 ... $1,930 82 All of which is respectfully submitted. ETHAN C. CLAFLIN, Treasurer.
SELECTMEN'S REPORT.
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT.
C. T. Crosby, bill. .. $112 25
Patrick Cunniff, breaking road . 3 90
Chas. A. Hoyt, plumber .
1 53
T. C. Eastman, grain.
730 67
French & Co., bill . 16 55
Prentice & Son, straw and hay
322 14
Field Bros., lumber and coal.
92 72
E. Mann, gravel (1884) ..
28 05
H. S. Cushman, harness maker.
47 88
Farrel Foundry and Machine Co., bill (stone crusher) ..
131 30
Ira Ide, blacksmith .
63 17
S. L. Madden, timber (1884)
10 00
C. A. Ambler & Co., bill .
104 21
John Blacksmith, blacksmith bill.
38 09
H. W. Clapp, sewer grate and caps for drains
52 20
James Bergin, ladder.
1 86
Henry Willard, machinist bill.
31 28
Timothy Shay, broken stone, .
7 50
Craige & Severance, repair work
60
Geo. A. Sherborne, teaming.
40 50
Weed Bros. & Lent, lumber and labor
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