USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > Middleton > Town annual report of Middleton, MA. 1944 > Part 4
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TO THE BOARDS OF PUBLIC WELFARE AND THE BUREAUS OF OLD AGE ASSISTANCE:
Beginning with the relief rolls for July 1 the amount of Federal and State reimbursement for Old Age Assistance will be based on
74
BOARD OF PUBLIC WELFARE
monthly reimbursement claims prepared by the cities and towns of the Commonwealth which will be submitted to the Massachusetts Depart- ment of Public Welfare; Bureau of Accounts, Boston, Mass. In order to prepare these claims, cities and towns will be required to determine the Federal and State shares of assistance rendered. To provide the necessary information for the preparation of the claims, and to make the information available to the Bureau of Accounts for auditing pur- poses, the State Department has adopted revised procedures and forms for preparing relief rolls and reporting assistance payments by the cities and towns".
Before receiving the above directive the payroll routine was quite simple as it only required four payroll forms to complete the two semi-monthly payrolls and all exra items such as doctors, medicine, hospital etc., were coded so that you knew at a glance what any extra item was for, it was not necessary to go back and check through the files. These payrolls were held in the local office until checked by the Area visitor and released, they were then sent to the district office. For each increase or decrease opened or closed case and all extras, there has to be a payroll authorization form made out which are kept on file in the local office. To cover the cities and towns on Federal reim- bursement a monthly statistical report on Old Age Assistance Pur- suant To Title 1 of The Social Security Act must be submitted to the bureau of Research and Statistics, Boston, Mass.
The payroll routine as it is now. It now takes four payroll forms for the Town Treasurer, four payroll worksheets on which is carried the grants for the first and second half of each month, two of the work sheets carry a summary reimbursement claim form on which the entire months payroll figures are broken down into the following items. Net amount subject to State reimbursement-Amount paid in excess of Federal maximum-Amount subject to Federal match- ing-Federal share-State share-Local share, also total of indirect payments if any and now to complete the payroll it takes the follow- ing forms. Six reconciliation forms of total amount of grants paid -three supplemental forms statement of retroactive payments- three prior months checks cancelled during month forms.
75
BOARD OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Now with all the above forms to fill out you still have to make out the monthly statistical report and the payroll authorization forms.
The Department of Public Welfare wishes to take this opportun- ity to thank the various Town Departments and other organizations who have given this Department their cooperation.
Respectfully submitted,
CHARLES PASQUALE, Chairman LESLIE MERRIFIELD, Clerk ROBERT POOLE, A. C. PEABODY, JR., Welfare Agent.
76
DOG OFFICER'S REPORT
DOG OFFICER'S REPORT
To the Honorable Board of Selectmen:
Gentlemen:
There has been this year the following:
Complaints 96
There have been 18 people taken in Police Car for dog bites to doctor
Fowl killed by dogs
287
Sheep .'
1
Dogs picked up and returned to owners 9
Miles answering complaints 380
Hours working on complaints 108
22
Animals killed by motor vehicles 8 dogs, 10 cats, 3 skunks, 1 fox
Turned over to the Town Clerk for unlicensed dogs $108.00
Respectfully submitted,
WALTER H. MILBERY,
Dog Officer of Town of Middleton.
POLICE REPORT
To the Honorable Board of Selectmen:
Gentlemen:
The Chief of Police does submit herewith his annual report for the year ending December 31, 1944.
ARRESTS DURING YEAR:
Operating under the influence of liquor
3
Driving after license suspended
2
Driving to endanger 5
Sentenced to House of Correction
6
Drunks released
32
Drunks fined 10
Larceny of automobiles
4
1 Larceny from camp committed to Danvers State Hospital Assault and battery 1
1
Lewdness
Non-support of minor children, House of correction 2
Juveniles put on probation 4
Middleton, Mass.
Tramp dogs disposed of
77
POLICE REPORT
MISCELLANEOUS WORK:
Owing to condition on gas and tires the police car has taken 34 people to different hospitals
Emergency calls from out of town delivered
27
Summons and warrants served 48
A. W. O. L. Warrants for army 4
Wayward children under 16 held for parents to come and get 4
34
Complaints received and investigated
Automobile accidents
21
Buildings found broken into
3
Larceny from camps 2
Personal property recovered
2
Animals caught and owners notified
18
Hours in court
340
Property and buildings inspected
260
Reports for insurance companies
21
Traffic duty, approximately
800 hours
Automobile licenses and registrations
12
Transfers
41
We had one fatal accident and one suicide.
4
Escaped patients picked up and returned to hospital We had no poultry or stock stolen this year.
In conclusion I wish to thank the honorable board, also the Police officers under me and thank the citizens of Middleton for coop- eration with me in the past year.
Respectfully submitted,
WALTER H. MILBERY, Chief of Police.
Ration books reported lost and advertised 640
78
TAX COLLECTOR'S REPORT
Year of Tax
Balance Jan. 1, 1944
1944 Commitment
Amount Collected
Abate- ments
Refunds Tax Titles
Int. & Fees Balance Collected Dec. 31, '44
REAL ESTATE
1943
$9,818 72
$ 9,579 11
$ 239 61 $ 250 52
1944
$59,177 04 49,895 40
$920 63
$ 6 75
998 29
13 24 $7,362 72
EXCISE
1943
911 95
877 67
34 28
21 19
2 01
1944
2,217 24 2,180 78
36 51
8 71
2 42
POLL
1944
-
1,286 00
912 00
374 00
-
-
40 60
-
PERSONAL PROPERTY
1943
354 75
854 75
-
-
-
-
1944
3,953 64 3,944 19
9 45
-
-
10 36
-
TAX COLLECTOR'S REPORT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
7 32
Total Outstanding Taxes December 31, 1941
$17,071 07
December 31, 1942 12,334 00
Decrease
$4,737 07 -
Total Outstanding Taxes December 31, 1942
$12,334 00
December 31, 1943
11,085 42
Decrease
$1,248 58
Total Outstanding Taxes December 31, 1943
$11,085 42
66 December 31, 1944 7,362 72
Decrease $3,722 70
Decrease December 31, 1941 to December 31, 1942 $4,737 07
Decrease December 31, 1942 to December 31, 1943 1,248 58
Decrease December 31, 1943 to December 31, 1944
3,722 70
Total Decrease December 1941 to December 1944
$9,708 35
Respectfully submitted,
HAROLD E. TYLER, Tax Collector.
TAX COLLECTOR'S REPORT
79
80
ASSESSORS' REPORT
ASSESSORS' REPORT
The following is a recapitulation of the money appropriated by the Town of Middleton and the estimated receipts deducted therefrom in the determination of the 1944 Tax Rate:
APPROPRIATIONS:
Town appropriation
$106,033 34
Overlay deficit 1938
12 38
1939
12 45
1940
11 58
1941
11 58
State tax-1944
4,235 00
State parks and reservations
92 12
State audit of municipal accounts
873 52
County tax
3,611 60
County tax, 1943 underestimate
192 16
Tuberculosis Hospital assessment
1,170 48
1944 Overlay
2,662 03
Total appropriation
$118,918 24
ESTIMATED RECEIPTS AND AVAILABLE FUNDS:
Income tax
$6,602 29
Corporation taxes
7,000 60
Reimbursement on account of State owned land
657 20
Gasoline tax under Acts of 1943, Chapter 569
3,598 20
Motor vehicle and trailer excise
1,500 00
Licenses
1,800 00
General government
300 00
Protection of persons and property
500 00
Health and sanitation
350 00
Charities (other than federal grants for aid to dependent children)
2,800 00
Old age assistance (other than federal grants)
15,000 00
Old age tax (meals) Gen. Laws, (Chap. 64B S10) Schools 5,000 00
Cemeteries (other than trust funds and sale of lots) 400 00
Interest on taxes and assessments
450 00
Danvers reimbursement 500 00
Unclassified 350 00
595 29
81
ASSESSORS' REPORT
Overestimates of previous year to be used
as available funds :
State parks and reservations
$ 2 78
Care of Civil War Veterans
80 00
Transfers voted by Town 7,025 00
-
Total estimated receipts and available funds
$54,511 36
Gross amount to be raised
118,918 24
Total estimated receipts and available funds
54,511 36
$64,406 88
Net amount raised by taxation on personal property
3,953 64
66 66
' real estate
59,169 24
Number of polls assessed, 642 at $2.00 each
1,284 00
Total taxes levied
$64,406 88
TOTAL VALUATION:
Personal property
$131,788 00
Real estate
1,972,308 00
1944 Tax rate
30 00
Respectfully submitted, ARCHIBALD L. JONES, PAUL B. WAKE, SR., HAROLD M. BISHOP,
Board of Assessors.
82
RECOMMENDATIONS OF FINANCE COMMITTEE
Recommendations of the Finance Committee For the Town of Middleton Upon the Warrant For the Annual Meeting to be held March 13, 1945
TO THE VOTERS OF THE TOWN OF MIDDLETON:
The heads of those departments with whom we have conferred have shown a helpful spirit in explaining their requests on the bud- get estimates which they submitted.
We do however, urge and appeal to all department heads to prepare and tender their estimates as early as possible. Since the committee can take no action until they have received these esti- mates and since they must have their recommendations completed in time for printing in the town report, it is very necessary that they be allowed as much time as possible. In order, to make sound in- telligent recommendations, they must have meetings and discussions with the department heads, investigations and in some instances ex- tensive surveys.
This year finds several items considerably increased, and likewise some items are reduced.
If the articles and items as recommended by the Finance Com- mittee are adhered to the budget this year will be $6,319.73 more than last year.
Since their is a proposed revenue from the Electric Light Depart- ment of $5,000.00, it would seem the Assessors will be able to keep approximately the same tax rate as last year.
RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE For the Town of Middleton For the Annual Town Meeting March 13, 1945
ARTICLE I. To authorize the Selectmen to appoint such other Town Officers as are required to be chosen annually.
No recommendation required.
ARTICLE II. To see what action the Town will take in regard to the letting of the Town Hall.
No recommendation required.
88
RECOMMENDATIONS OF FINANCE COMMITTEE
ARTICLE III. To see if the Town will vote to authorized the Town Treasurer, with approval of the Selectmen, to borrow money from time to time in anticipation of the revenue of the financial year beginning January 1, 1945, and to issue a note or notes there- for, payable within one year, and to renew any note or notes as may be given for a period of less than one year in accordance with Section 17, Chapter 44, General Laws.
No recommendation required.
ARTICLE IV. To see what action the Town will take to defray the Town expenses for the ensuing year.
See itemized recommendation as per attached.
ARTICLE V. To see if the Town will vote to transfer the sum of $439.06 from the Dog Tax Refund to the Library Fund.
Recommended the sum of $439.06 be so transferred.
ARTICLE VI. To appropriate a sum of money to make alterations and installations in the Town Hall to conform with the require- ments of the Massachusetts Department of Public Safety.
Recommended the sum of $600.00 be raised and appropriated for the purposes mentioned.
ARTICLE VII. To see if the Town will vote to authorize the Electric Light Department to use the earnings of the Department for the ensuing year, agreeable to the petition of the Electric Light Commissioners.
Recommended the Electric Light Department be so authorized.
ARTICLE VIII. To see if the Town will vote to accept the sum of $5,000.00 from the earnings of the Electric Light Department.
Recommended this article be approved and accepted.
ARTICLE IX. To see if the Town will vote to authorize the Board of Assessors to use such free cash in the Treasury as they, in their best judgment, feel is warranted, and is approved by the Commissioner of Corporations and Taxations, for the purpose of reducing the tax rate.
Recommended this article be accepted.
84 RECOMMENDATIONS OF FINANCE COMMITTEE .
ARTICLE X. To see if the Town will vote to raise and approp- riate the sum of $4,650.00 for the maintenance of Chapter 81- Roads; said money to be used in conjunction with any money which may be allotted by Federal, State or County, or all, for this purpose.
Recommended that $4,700.00 be so raised and appropriated.
ARTICLE XI. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate the sum of $1,000.00 for the maintenance of Chapter 90-Roads ;. the same to be expended in conjunction with the State allotment.
Recommended the sum of $1,100.00 be raised and appropriated.
ARTICLE XII. To see if the Town will vote to authorize the expen- diture of $2,500.00 from the Road Machinery Fund to maintain equipment.
Recommended the sum of $2,500.00 be transferred from Road Machinery Fund to Road Machinery Account.
ARTICLE XIII. To see if the Town will vote to raise and approp- riate the sum of $1,700.00 to place subway grating on the East Street bridge or take what other action deemed advisable to make this bridge safe for travel.
Time and conditions prevent securing complete knowledge of this item therefore, an intelligent recommendation cannot be made. This article is left for the voters decision without advice of the Finance Committee.
ARTICLE XIV. To see if the Town will vote to pay the Highway Surveyor a salary of $1,750.00 per year, this sum to be taken from the various highway appropriations.
Recommended the Highway Surveyor be paid a salary of $1,750.00 and that an increase be granted of 15% on such salary for the duration of the present war and six months thereafter.
ARTICLE XV. To see if the Town will vote to increase the hourly rate of pay now paid to Town laborers.
Recommended that the hourly rate now in force be increased by 15%, to simplify figures and book-keeping those now receiving 60¢ per hour, receive 70g per hour. In any other case the wage
85
RECOMMENDATIONS OF FINANCE COMMITTEE
as increased shall be established to the nearest cent. Such in- crease to remain in effect for the duration of the present war and six months thereafter."
ARTICLE XVI. To see what action the Town will take in regard to instructing the Highway Surveyor to spend Snow Money on accepted streets only, or see what other action the Town wishes to take.
No recommendation necessary.
ARTICLE XVII. To see if the Town wishes to continue the Forest Fire Patrol as has been required by law the last three years.
No recommendation required.
ARTICLE XVIII. To see if the Town will vote to raise and approp- riate a sum of money to paint the outside of the old school house and make minor repairs.
Recommended that the sum of $300.00 be raised and approp- riated for the purpose of making minor repairs to the exterior of the building as necessary and painting the front.
ARTICLE XIX. To see if the Town will vote to raise and approp- riate a sum of money to paint the exterior of the Town Hall.
Recommended no action be taken this year. Owing to the trend of excessive figures on contracts, inability to procure good quality paints and materials, it is our opioion the building will not deter- iorate appreciably for lack of paint another year.
ARTICLE XX. To see if the Town will vote to raise and approp- riate, or transfer from available funds in the treasury, the sum of $2,000.00 for the purchase of war bonds or other bonds that are legal investments for savings banks, in order to establish a Post- War Rehabilitation fund, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 5, Acts of 1943.
Recommended the sum of $2,000.00 be transferred from avail- able funds for the purchase of war bonds only.
ARTICLE XXI. On petition of Lloyd H. Getchell and fifteen others, to see if the Town will vote to have the following articles on the ballot at the annual Town Meeting in 1946.
"The By-Laws of the Town of Middleton shall be amended by the addition of the following section to Chapter 1,-
86
RECOMMENDATIONS OF FINANCE COMMITTEE
Beginning at the annual Town Meeting in 1947, the length of the term of office of Treasurer shall be three years."
No recommendations required.
ARTICLE XXII. To see if the Town will vote to accept 600 feet of Pinedale Road.
Recommended that the Town move with caution in accepting any street unless proof of a proper lay-out can be shown and evidence that the same is duly recorded.
ARTICLE XXIII. On petition of Charles W. Eason and eighteen others, to see if the Town will vote to accept Highland Road lead- ing off Maple Street and appropriate the sum of $300.00 to make the same passable.
Same recommendation as for Article 22.
ARTICLE XXIV. To see if the Town will vote to accept Section 3, Chapter 143, General Laws,-Section 3. Every city, except Bos- ton, and every town which accepts this section or has accepted corresponding provisions of earlier laws may, for the prevention of fire and the preservation of life, health and morals, by ordinan- ces or by-laws consistent with law and applicable throughout the whole or any defined part of its territory, regulate the inspection, materials, construction, alteration, repair, height, area, location and use of buildings and other structures within its limits except such as are owned or occupied by the United States or by the Com- monwealth and except bridges, quays and wharves, and may pre- scribe penalties not exceeding one hundred dollars for every viola- tion of such ordinances or by-laws.
No recommendation required.
Respectfully submitted,
WILLIAM W. RICHARDSON, WALTER L. PAINE, HAROLD Y. SMITH, HORACE J. BATCHELDER, WILLIAM T. MARTIN,
Middleton Finance Committee.
87
RECOMMENDATIONS FINANCE COMMITTEE
Recommendations of Finance Committee for the Year 1945
I .- GENERAL GOVERNMENT:
SALARIES:
Requested
Recommended
Moderator
$ 25 00
$ 25 00
Selectmen (three)
525 00
525 00
Accountant
500 00
500 00
Treasurer
700 00
500 00
Collector
700 00
500 00
Town Clerk
200 00
200 00
Assessors (three)
1,200 00
1,200 00
Town Counsel
300 00
300 00
Electric Light Commissioners (three)
150 00
150 00
EXPENSES :
Town Officers' Expenses
1,200 00
1,200 00
Tax Title Expenses
500 00
500 00
. ELECTIONS AND. REGISTRATIONS:
Salaries
100 00
100 00
Expenses
125 00
125 00
Registrars listing TOWN HALL:
140 00
140 00
Maintenance
800 00
800 00
Custodian's, salary
730 00
730 00
II .- PROTECTION OF PERSONS
AND PROPERTY:
Police, salary and maintenance
$1,500 00
$1,650 00
Constable's Salary
35 00
35 00
Fire, Maintenance and Salaries
2,675 00
2,775 00
Forest Fire Hose
300 00
300 00
Cleaning Water Holes
100 00
100 00
Civilian Defense
200 00
200 00
Ration Board
100 00
100 00
-
III. - FORESTRY :
Moth
$925 14
$1,000 00
Moth, Private work
300 00
300 00
Tree Warden
500 00
550 00
Tent Caterpillar, control
100 00
000 00
Sealer of Weights and Measures, salary
125 00
125 00
88
RECOMMENDATIONS FINANCE COMMITTEE
Requested
Recommended
IV .- HEALTH AND SANITATION:
Board of Health
$ 1,500 00
$1,500 00
Essex Sanatorium
1,676 55
1,676 55
Dental Clinic
500 00
500 00
Inspection of Slaughtering, salary
50 00
50 00
Inspection of Cattle, salary
175 00
175 00
V .- HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT:
Highway
$1,650 00
$1,900 00
Chapter 81 Maintenance
(Refer to Article 10)
Chapter 90 Maintenance
(Refer to Article 11)
Snow Removal
6,500 00
Road Machinery Account
(Refer to Article 12)
Street Lighting
2,250 00
2,250 00
VI .- CHARITIES:
Public Welfare, Salaries
$ 325 00
$ 325 00
Public Welfare, Maintenance
1,650 00
1,650 00
Aid Dependent Children
1,150 00
1,150 00
Old Age Assistance, Aid
16,500 00
16,850 00
Old Age Assistance, Administration
500 00
500 00
Aid Dependent Children, Administration 50 00
50 00
VII. - SOLDIERS' BENEFITS:
State Aid
$150 00
$150 00
Soldiers' Relief
500 00
500 00
War Allowances
400 00
400 00
VIII. - EDUCATION:
School
$38,131 00
$38,131 00
Vocational Education
200 00
200 00
Library
1,000 00
1,000 00
IX .- CEMETERY:
Sup't. of Burials, Salary
$15 00
$15 00
Commissioners' Salaries (three)
30 00
30 00
Maintenance
1,250 00
1,450 00
Graves
350 00
350 00
89
RECOMMENDATIONS FINANCE COMMITTEE
Requested
Recommended
X .- PARK:
Maintenance
· $350 00
$350 00
XI .- INTEREST AND INSURANCE:
Interest
$ 540 00
$ 540 00
Insurance
1,100 00
1,100 00
XII. - MUNICIPAL INDEBTEDNESS:
School Construction notes
$3,000 00
$3,000 00
XIII .- UNCLASSIFIED:
Contingent Fund
$ 800 00
800 00
Reserve Fund
1,000 00
1,000 00
Memorial Day
275 00
275 00
War Bonds
(Refer to Article 20)
ANNUAL REPORTS
OF THE
School Committee
Superintendent of Schools AND
Yearly Statistics
OF THE
Grammar School
OF THE
Town of Middleton
FOR THE
Year Ending December 31, 1944
93
SCHOOL REPORT
SCHOOL REPORT
School Committee
DR. RAYMOND SILVERNAIL, Chairman Term Expires 1945 MRS. ALICE K. CASS, Secretary Term Expires 1947
MR. SEAVER MacDONALD
Term Expires 1946
Supt. of Schools, STEPHEN G. BEAN, Wilmington, Mass. School Physician, ELIZABETH P. FLEMING, M. D. Beverly, Mass.
School Nurse, MRS. LEONARD WILLEY, R. N. Attendance Officer, MR. W. HAZEN MILBERY
TEACHING CORPS
MISS C. ALICE MANNING, Principal Grade VIII.
MISS MARIE KEEGAN, Ass't. Grade VIII., & Coach Class
MISS ETHEL MACK Grade VII.
MRS. NATALIE SMITH THISTLE Grade VI.
MISS FANNIE HINCKLEY Grade V.
MISS ANNABELLE SYLVESTER
Grades V. & VI.
MISS MARY SHINNICK
Grades IV.
MISS ALICE FLYNN
Grades III.
MISS MADELYN LAWRENCE Ass't Prin. Grade II.
MISS CATHERINE DEVANE
Grade I.
MR. HORACE KILLAM, Supervisor of Music
MISS MARY SHEA, Supervisor of Art
MR CHARLES CLINCH, Janitor
1
94
SCHOOL REPORT
School Calendar 1945
January 2 to February 24
WINTER VACATION
March 5 to April 27
SPRING VACATION
May 7 to June 16
SUMMER VACATION
September 5 to December 22
CHRIRTMAS VACATION
HOLIDAYS
January 1
February 22 Good Friday April 19
May 30 October 12
November 11
November 23 and 24
No School Signal
Two Blows on Fire Alarm at 7.45 o'clock A. M. Two Blows on Whistle at the Blacking Factory at 7.45 o'clock A. M.
95
SCHOOL REPORT
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT
To the School Committee Middleton, Massachusetts. Madam and Gentlemen:
The following is my twenty-first annual report as Superin- tendent of Schools for Middleton. It is purposely brief in keeping with the necessity to conserve paper in this period of shortage. .
General Observations
Due, in some measure, to the comparatively few changes in the teaching staff during the calendar year, we have been able to keep the standard of work to the usual high level.
Some manipulation of class assignments was made necessary by differences in numbers in grades as a large class moved upward. The one class in the school too large for really efficient work is the seventh grade. All other rooms have nearly ideal grouping. Only one teacher has been obliged to teach two grades in her room during the fall term. There were two such during the first six months of the year. Present enrollment promises that we may soon have only one grade in each room.
An unusually fine record has been made by the school in war savings stamps and bonds. Every time a goal of attainment has been set, the children have exceeded it materially. Some part of this is shown in the Principal's report for last year (1943) and this stand- ard has been and is being maintained. Great credit is due the Prin- cipal and teachers for this splendid effort and accomplishment.
Junior Red Cross and 4-H Clubs have been carried on in the usual efficient manner and exceptional records made in some of these endeavors as shown by various citations and certificates which have been called to my attention. This type of work is a very valuable adjunct to the regular program.
Work in Music and Art is progressing very satisfactorily. The results in music can be judged by the instrumental and choral offer-
96
SCHOOL REPORT
ings at our graduation exercises. Less publicity is possible in the work in art but a visit to any classroom will show its progress. It is possible to observe a distinct growth from year to year.
Supervision of pupil health has been in very competent hands. We have had no serious outbreaks of children's diseases. One of the most serious problems is the usual struggle to eliminate Pe- diculosis.
Enrollment
For another year we have maintained an enrollment almost identical with that of the preceding year. Next year, however, we shall be sending on a much larger class to high school and will have a still larger class the following year. The seventh grade is the largest that we have had for a number of years and the sixth grade is also higher in enrollment than usual. Throughout the rest of the grades enrollments are reasonably low. This will make for better progress for future classes in the upper grades.
The Teaching Staff
As has been previously stated, there has been a continuity in service during the year which has been very helpful. We have had an excellent staff of teachers throughout the year. Pupils cannot help but benefit from this condition if they do their part and if the home supplements the efforts of the school.
The Salary Schedule
After serious consideration and careful planning a salary sched- ule has been adopted. Now any new teacher can know exactly what to expect in the line of compensation over a period of years. In so far as possible salaries will be equalized for the same services for the same period of service, i.e. of local experience. The basic salary on this scale should make it possible, in normal times, to secure the type of teachers we need. Conditions at present are such that at times circumstances may force us to deviate somewhat from this scale, but on the whole it will be stable.
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