USA > Massachusetts > Bristol County > Fairhaven > Town annual report of the offices of Fairhaven, Massachusetts 1942 > Part 7
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
The program of physical education has been modified by stressing marching and calisthenics in the elementary schools and for the high school girls. For high school boys Mr. Clement has set up an achievement test of fifteen parts by which boys can be graded on their physical fitness. Those receiving low grades are given special attention and Mr. Clement reports considerable in- terest among the boys in improving their ratings.
SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS
To assist me in carrying on some of the activities of the school system I have asked the principals to take on certain res- ponsibilities outside of their own schools. Mr. MaGuire assists in the elementary testing program. Mr. Bixby compiles reports on the sale of war savings stamps and bonds. Mr. Fogg has been given air raid precaution problems. All principals have had spe- cial duties connected with the Selective Service registrations and the gasoline, sugar, and oil rationing work.
TESTING PROGRAM
Once a year we plan to give standard tests in the elementary schools. In 1941 and 1942 tests were given in grades three to seven. In 1943 we plan to include grades one to seven. The re- sults are used for the purpose of determining the effectiveness of the teaching program in general and the progress of individuals in particular. Each pupil's tests are filed in an individual folder and a record is entered on his permanent record card.
MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS
Arrangements have been made for the annual physical ex- amination of all children in the public schools. For some time the examinations have been given in the high school only.
144
Citizenship classes have been continued at the Oxford School under the direction of Mr. MaGuire. In the fall 56 persons were enrolled in two classes. Ages varied from 18 to 80.
Junior Red Cross continues its effective work. Among the products have been many afghans, quilts, scrapbooks, and Christ- mas boxes.
Fairhaven Post 166, American Legion, presented the East Fairhaven School with a flag for the auditorium.
War savings stamps are sold in all schools. Sales to pupils during the fall term amounted to $2,615.75.
The shorter noon-hour in the elementary schools has been found very satisfactory to all concerned.
Interest in instrumental music has increased. More pu- pils are participating. After the Music Festival of last June the Standard Times summed up the whole program as follows:
"From the baby rhythm band to the patriotic finale of massed band and orchestra, there was music in ascending skill that could not but fill with pride the capacity audience."
All schools have cooperated in the various salvage drives.
CONCLUSION
Included with my report are the reports of the High School Principal, the School Physician, and the School Nurse and several statistical tables of general interest.
Your interest and assistance in the problems of the school system are most commendable, and I am glad to express my ap- preciation of them at this time.
Respectfully submitted,
FLAVEL M. GIFFORD
Superintendent of Schools
145
Report of High School Principal
To the Superintendent of Schools:
I have the honor of presenting my sixth annual report as Principal of the Fairhaven High School. The table below shows the enrollment on October 1, 1941 and on October 1, 1942.
October 1, 1941
Class
Boys
Girls 7
Total
Post Graduates
1
8
:Seniors
67
63
130
Juniors
50
72
122
Sophomores
78
92
170
Freshmen
97
86
183
Eighth Grade
68
81
149
361
401
762
October 1, 1942
Class
Boys
Girls
Total
Post Graduates
3
1
4
Seniors
36
53
89
Juniors
42
62
104
Sophomores
72
78
150
Freshmen
75
84
159
Eighth Grade
81
60
141
309
338
647
In common with other institutions in America, the high schools feel the impact of the War. It affects our enrollment, our courses of study, our athletic program, and our sense of values. At the same time it gives us a sort of measure of the success with which we have been carrying on our work. Except in places where there has been an influx of war workers, high school en- rollments have shown a tendency to fall. This is easy to under- stand. The shortage of workers in stores and factories has creat- ed a real demand for the services of young people who are at-
146
tracted by high wages and also by the desire to be active in the war effort.
Some girls are withdrawn from school because they are needed in homes where both parents are employed and there are small children to be cared for.
Our school has tried to cooperate fully with employers who could give students part time work. About fifty pupils have been helped by the school to secure such part-time jobs.
Some high school boys are old enough to join the Armed Services and a certain number of these boys feel it their duty to enlist even before graduation. Last June two of our seniors were already in uniform. This fall two seniors have left school to en- ter the Navy.
The war also affects our courses of study. Since the com- prehensive high school is not primarily a vocational school, much of the basic material offered students in regular courses is valu- able whatever the state of the nation. People must be able to read and write and think in time of war as well as in time of peace. People need to understand something about the history and the government of their country if they are intelligently to defend it. People need to be acquainted with mathematics and science if they are to take their places in the complex world of industry or of mechanized warfare. People need health and strength and a willing spirit of cooperation in good days and in bad.
This means that the high school program as already set up provides a sound core of knowledge and skill to which may be added such special courses as the needs of the hour may demand. Nevertheless our teachers are re-examining and re-evaluating the offerings in each department month by month in the faculty meetings, asking always if we are making each subject contribute its full share to the war effort.
This fall instead of opening our courses in United States History in the usual ways, we began with a six week study of World War I and the years that followed it. In this way every senior received a clear but concise account of the causes and pur- poses of the present struggle. Courses in mathematics and science
147
are being presented in such a way as to give maximum benefit to the pupils whether they go on to college or enter the Armed Services. Because of the need for trained office workers we are trying to equip pupils in our business course to serve efficiently in clerical positions when they have finished their course here. About two hundred students have begun or added to their per- sonal libraries through a plan encouraged by the English Depart- ment this fall. Pupils who wish to do so are able to purchase good books at low cost. Interest in foreign languages seems to be at a low ebb just now. Colleges demand less study in this field for entrance than was the case formerly, and many young people prefer to spend their time on other subjects when they have completed the amount of language required by the college they have chosen.
During the past five years about six hundred people have been graduated from Fairhaven High School. Approximately twelve per cent of these have entered thirty-four regular four- year, degree-granting colleges such as Boston University, Brown University, Massachusetts State College, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Northeastern University, and Wellesley. Many students have also gone on to advanced schools of accounting, to schools of nursing, and to schools of art, domestic science, and mechanic arts.
Reading, writing, and thinking are normally a part of the school program, but today we are reading, writing, and thinking more than ever about topics related to the War. In classes in English, Civics, and economics pupils are discussing inflation, se- curity, rationing, strikes, man power, production, distribution, democracy, and a score of other terms so important in our pres- ent day thinking. Physical health and strength are being fostered in our gymnasium classes for boys and girls and in our athletic program so far we are able to have a program in days of trans- portation shortages.
In addition to adapting existing courses to the needs of the day, two classes in pre-flight aeronautics have been added as re- commended by the State Dept. of Education and the Civil Aero- nautics Administration. A study is now being made to determine to what extent the school can give additional pre-induction train- ing to the boys now at or near the draft age. Last May four sen- ior boys were allowed to begin an intensive course at New Bedford
148
Vocational School. Three boys were graduated with their class, continued their course at the Vocational School, and then began at once to use their skill in machine shops and ship yards.
Our own shops and mechanical drawing room are in daily use. A new course in art metal has been started and a study is planned for the near future to determine whether our shop equip- ment can be more fully utilized. Last year, our boys turned out a considerable number of model airplanes requested by the gov- ernment. They were carefully buiit to scale and are being used in the training of pilots. The project is being continued this year.
The lunch room has been efficiently managed and has pro- vided varied and nutritious menus at low cost. Because children have had more money to spend, and because parents have often been too busy to pack lunches or have been unable to buy the food they wanted, an increasing number of our pupils have pur- chased their lunch at school. We have served record numbers of hot plates, soups, sandwiches, and healthful desserts this year. We are still giving excellent service, but shortages of meat, but- ter, and canned goods make the food problem a very difficult one.
To encourage high achievement and to recognize the class with the best record, a pennant award known as the Fairhaven "A" has been worked out by the Student Council along the lines followed by the Army and the Navy in awarding "E" pennants. One award has been made to the Junior Class for high achieve- ment during the first marking period this fall and a second award will be made shortly. Our school worked hard on the local scrap drive and collected over 14,000 pounds of much-needed metal for the war effort. The F. J. I. A. and Jr. Red Cross are doing knit- ting and sewing. Tin cans are being washed and packed daily for the tin salvage by F. J. I. A, committees. The school is preparing to give an operetta in February for the benefit of the American Red Cross and week by week the sale of war stamps goes on in home rooms.
There have been many changes in our staff during 1942. Mr. Charles H. Johnson, Jr., retired after a long and valuable period of service. Mr. W. Wilbor Parkinson and Mr. Byard C. Belyea were granted leave of absence for active duty as Ensigns in the U. S. Navy. Five others resigned to be married or to work
149
elsewhere. One vacancy was not filled because of decreased en- rollment.
I said early in this report that the War gave us a kind of measure of our success as teachers. I was thinking of the res- ponse of Fairhaven boys to the call to service. A large number of our former pupils are serving under the stars and stripes today. At Christmas time, the Senior Class initiated a plan to send every former F. H. S. boy in service a greeting card. The other classes lent their aid; a card was designed and printed at school, and nearly three hundred were mailed. We hope no one was missed. We would like to be informed of any omissions. Other boys have gone since Christmas. The number in service grows week by week. Many of these boys left jobs that paid well. At home, at school, in the community they had really come to believe that the noblest motive is the public good. They believed the public good required that they should go to the defense of America and they quietly went to defend it. Reports tell us that four of these will never return for an F. H. S. reunion. They are James Welsh, Walter Coyne, Francis Tucker, and Alfred Gault. We extend our sympathy to their relatives and we would honor their memory by seeking to make our school the sort of place they would want it to be - a real training ground for other young people who really mean what they say when they pledge allegiance to the flag.
During 1942, as in previous years, the Superintendent and School Committee have been exceedingly helpful to our school in many ways. All of us at the High School appreciate this keen interest and cordial relationship and we pledge our best effort in the year that lies ahead.
Respectfully submitted,
CHESTER M. DOWNING
Principal
150
Report of School Physician
To the Superintendent of Schools:
No physical check-up of pupils is complete without a tho- rough follow-up of all boys and girls found defective. This must be the concern not only of the School Physician but of the School Nurse and the Physical Instructors. No physical program can be considered fully carried out without due regard and attention to. the correction of physical defects.
Never has the demand for physical fitness been so strongly emphasized as during the present struggle which must be won by man-power. This man-power must be in the very best possible health and vigor to withstand the heavy demands incident to an all out war.
Defective teeth and defective eye-sight are the two most prevalent defects found among the High School pupils. It would seem reasonable to expect that these defects should have been corrected long before entering High School.
In the fall term 506 High School pupils were examined and. 108 were found to have defects. There were 84 pupils with de- fective teeth and 27 with vision that should be corrected. Other physical defects were found such as heart, lungs, otitis media, blindness in one eye, chronic asthma, defective tonsils and aden- oids, postural deformities, and others.
Since my examination of some of these cases there has been a correction of many with dental attention and correction of vis- ion with suitable glasses or medical attention. Others are under- going treatment, and at present there is a larger percentage of "repairs" being made than in any year since 1912. This is an en- couraging fact and it should stimulate us to continue the follow -. up system until even greater results are obtained.
Respectfully submitted, CHARLES E. P. THOMPSON, M. D. School Physician
151
Report of School Nurse
To the Superintendent of Schools:
With our country at war, child health is more important than ever. Each school is visited at least once a week and more often if necessary.
Clinics were held during the year to discover defects of ears, eyes, and teeth. Mental clinics are also held, and clinics for the detection of tuberculosis. If it is deemed necessary, x-rays and chest examinations are given with the consent of the parent.
Diphtheria immunization is given under the auspices of the Board of Health.
The School Nurse assisted in distributing Thanksgiving Baskets to a few needy families. The Fairhaven Benevolent Soci- ety gave $15.00 which was used to purchase meat for all the baskets.
Summary of Year's Work
Classroom visits
995
Follow-up visits 276
Office Calls 57
Pupils for Mental Clinic
40
Pupils for Tuberculosis Clinic
20
Children for Diphtheria Immunization School Children
77
Parochial School Children 12
Pupils referred to School Physician
3
Pupils reported to the S. P. C. C.
5
Handicapped children of school age follow-up cases 7
Number of visits to High School
26
Dental Clinic
The School Nurse cooperates with the Board of Health Den- tal Clinic held Tuesday and Thursday mornings from 9:30 to
152
200
Pre-school Children 111
11:30. The first, second, third, and fourth grades are examined at the beginning of each school year. Pupils of all grades are al- lowed to go to the Clinic. Each school is given an allotted time and six pupils may come each time it is held.
The dental work is done by Dr. Augustus McKenna as- sisted by Mrs. Anne W. Silva.
Summary of Dental Work
Extractions
3
Cleanings
109
Fillings
163
Treatments
13
Examinations
I
Respectfully submitted,
LENA HOWLAND, R. N.,
School Nurse
Agent of Board of Health
153
Present Corps of Teachers FALL TERM 1942
HIGH SCHOOL
Chester M. Downing, Principal
Brown University, A. B. Harvard University, M. Ed.
Walter D. Wood, Asst. Principal Clark University, A. B., M. A.
** Byard C. Belyea Alexander M. Clement
Earl J. Dias
Melvin Entin Alice W. Gidley, Librarian Cecile Giguere
Mabel G. Hoyle
Tufts College, A. B.
Boston University, M. A.
Simmons College, B. S.
Brown University, A. B.
Northeastern University, B. S.
Boston University, B. S., M. Ed.
Grace E. Libbey
Burdett College Nasson College, B. S.
James Parkinson
Boston Sloyd Normal Art School
Anna L. Peters
Radcliffe College, A. B.
Edith Rogers Harry Rogers
Clark University, A. B.
Mary D. Romer
Framingham Teachers College, B. S.
Lena J. Russell
New Britain Normal
Bay Path Institute
Margaret Siebert
Tufts College, A. B. Harvard University, M. Ed.
Cuthbert W. Tunstall
Fitchburg Teachers College
Maud O. Walker
Boston University, A. B.
Marie R. Wentzell
Salem Teachers College, B. S.
Ruth C. White
Boston Teachers College, B. S., M. Ed. Fairhaven High School
Evelyn L. Teixeira, Clerk
University of N. H., B. S. Williams College North Adams Teachers College, B. S. Bates College, A. B.
Boston University, M. A. Rhode Island State College, B. S.
Simmons College
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
Middlebury College, M. A.
Dorothea L. Jameson Edith G. Kenny Robert C. Lawton
University of Vermont, B. S.
** On Military Leave of Absence
154
ADDITION
Edith P. Bixby Doris W. Bruce (Substitute) Rose Caton Elizabeth I. Hastings
** W. Wilbor Parkinson *Yvonne Richard McBreen
*Florence A. Kamandulis Ruth Wilbur (Substitute)
On Military Leave of Absence
* Resigned
ROGERS SCHOOL
Laurence A. Fogg, Principal
Gorham Teachers College
Mary A. S. Sale, Asst. Principal Framingham Teachers College
Loretta G. DuPre
Mary S. Fletcher
Mildred R. Hall
Hazel M. Lovering
Helen L. Newton
Bridgewater Teachers College
Elizabeth P. Sherman
Framingham Teachers College, B. S.
Eleanor M. Skahill
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
Katharine A. Tiernan
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
EAST FAIRHAVEN SCHOOL
Arthur P. Bixby, Principal
Elina Davidson
Agnes A. Smith Anne Surinski Dorothy S. Turner
Fitchburg Teachers College, B. S. Boston University, M. Ed.
Fitchburg Teachers College
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
JOB C. TRIPP SCHOOL
Clarence E. MaGuire, Principal Boston University, B. S., M. Ed. Marion L. Ryder, Asst. Principal Bridgewater Teachers College *Claire A. Gardner Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Helen R. Porter Dorothy B. Rogers Hyannis Teachers College Framingham Teachers College
Lillian M. Russell
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
Shirley A. Thompson
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
Mildred E. Webb Bridgewater Teachers College Gertrude K. Young (Substitute) Bridgewater Teachers College
* Resigned
155
Fitchburg Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College Hyannis Teachers College Boston University, B. S., M. S. B. U. School of Music Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Hyannis Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Salem Teachers College Lyndon Center Normal Framingham Teachers College
EDMUND ANTHONY, JR. SCHOOL
Clarence E. MaGuire, Principal Helena S. Kennedy, Asst. Prin. Caroline R. Gilmore Anna P. Malone
Edith A. M'Namara Gloria O. Marshall Mildred F. Smith Mary Toledo
Boston University, B. S., M. Ed.
Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College Fitchburg Teachers College Boston University, B. S. Framingham Teachers College Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College Framingham Teachers College
OXFORD SCHOOL
*Margaret M. O'Leary, Principal Framingham Teachers College
Ann O'D. Brow Marion L. Congdon R. Annette Cooke Charlotte M. Forgeron Eileen O'Connell Katharine A. Sheridan
Ruth E. Small Ruth R. Stone Eileen J. Walsh Resigned
Boston University, B. S., M. Ed. Bridgewater Teachers College, Framingham Teachers College, B. S. Perry Kindergarten Hyannis Teachers College, B. S. Framingham Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S. Bridgewater Teachers College, B. S.
SUPERVISORS AND SPECIAL TEACHERS
SUPERVISOR OF VOCAL MUSIC
Agnes T. Santry
Boston University New England Conservatory
SUPERVISOR OF INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Elizabeth I. Hastings Boston University, B. S., M. S. B. U. School of Music
SUPERVISOR OF ART
Elfreda C. Samuels Rochester Teachers College
SUPERVISOR OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Helen B. Cushing Boston University, B. S.
DIRECTOR OF BAND AND ORCHESTRAS
Clarence W. Arey
ADULT ALIEN EDUCATION CLASSES Clarence E. MaGuire, Principal Boston University, B. S., M. Ed. Mary A. Smith Herricks Institute
156
JANITORS AND ENGINEERS 1942
Name
School
Howard H. Shumway
High School
Engineer
William T. Wood
Asst. Engineer
Thomas Duckworth
Head Janitor
*Louis B. Anderson
James E. Holden
.
Richard Jenney
John Schofield
** Elmer W. Walker
=
Charles H. Lawton
Rogers
Edward Richard
Oxford
Arthur H. Westgate
Anthony
H. James Ellis
Tripp
Walter G. Spencer
E. Fairhaven
* Resigned
On Military Leave of Absence
157
"
AGE AND GRADE TABLE OCTOBER 1, 1942
Age
GRADES
Totals
I II III IV V
VI VII VIII IX | X |XI XII PG Sp.
5
79
79
6
59 51
110
7
15
66
50
1
132
8
1|
26
54
47
128
9
1
7
23!
57
41
128
10
7
16
50
56
3
132
11
2
13
25
47
59
1
147
12
2 19
24
56
41
4
2
148
13
17
28
58
59
1
6
169
14
2
2
10
29
68
66
1
1
179
15
1
2
12
22
63
43
2|
145
16
1
6 15
46
44
112
17
4
13
37
4 1
59
18
1
5
6
19
3
3
20
1
1
21
Totals
154 150 136 136 137 147 155 141 159 150 104
89
4 16 1678
Note :- The numbers directly above and directly below the heavy line in- clude pupils who may be considered of normal age and grade.
158
TABULATION OF ATTENDANCE RECORDS School Year Ending June 1942
SCHOOL
Grades
TEACHERS
Total
Membership
Average
Membership
Average
Attendance
Percent of
Attendance
Tardiness
High
9-12
Chester M. Downing
636
570
529
92.7
850
Addition
8
Elizabeth Hastings
30
27
25
92.6
37
Addition
8
Caroline T. Feindel
34
29
27
94.5
19
Addition
8
Ailie W. Wiley
33
31
29
94.8
32
Addition
8
Yvonne P. Richard
31
29
28
95.5
28
Addition
8
Harry Rogers
30
28
26
93.8
22
Rogers
7
Florence A. Kamandulis
29
28
26
94.6
21
Rogers
6
Edith P. Bixby
43
37
35
94.3
54
Rogers
6
Helen J. Maxwell
33
33
31
93.6
22
Rogers
5
Mary S. Fletcher
39
35
34
94.8
19
Rogers
4
Helen S. Newton
42
38
36
94.8
23
Rogers
3
Hazel M. Lovering
34
30
29
95.2
9
Rogers
2
Mary A. S. Sale
29
25
23
93.0
11
Rogers
1
Mildred R. Hall
30
28
25
91.5
25
Oxford
7
Catherine E. Harney
34
28
26
92.4
20
Oxford
6
Doris W. Bruce
36
33
31
94.4
20
Oxford
5
Eileen J. Walsh
27
23
22
93.4
14
Oxford
4
Ruth R. Stone
33
30
28
94.0
48
Oxford
3
Dorothy B. Rogers
34
31
29
95.2
22
2
Charlotte M. Forgeron
36
32
29
91.0
89
1-2
R. Annette Cooke
28
24
22
90.2
50
Oxford
1
Ruth E. Small
34
30
27
91.2
77
Sp.
Ann O'D. Brow
19
15
14
94.6
28
7
Helena L. Stanley
36
33
31
94.4
6
Anthony
32
30
29
96.0
25
Anthony
26
24
23
95.0
14
Anthony
Anna P. Malone
31
28
26
93.2
21
Anthony
2
Mildred F. Smith
27
25
23
91.6
28
Anthony
Helen S. MacIntosh
35
31
28
92.9
18
Tripp
Marion L. Ryder
31
31
29
94.0
19
Tripp
Elizabeth P. Sherman
30
28
26
95.5
48
Tripp
5
Eleanor S. Skahill
32
31
30
96.2
23
Tripp
4
Helen R. Porter
23
22
21
96.0
23
3
Ellen E. Rex
28
23
22
95.7
42
2
Claire A. Gardner
25
23
22
94.1
34
1
Mildred E. Webb
32
28
25
90.4
13
E. Fairhaven
5
Arthur P. Bixby
34
30
29
95.2
18
E. Fairhaven
4
Agnes A. Smith
28
26
25
94.9
14
E. Fairhaven
3
Anne Surinski
42
34
32
93.2
11
E. Fairhaven
2
Dorothy S. Turner
34
29
26
89.9
43
E. Fairhaven
1
Elina Davidson
46
39
34
86.5
26
TOTALS
1990
1787
1666
93.2
2033
7
Rose Caton
32
31
29
93.6
39
Rogers
Anthony
6
Mary Toledo
5
Edith A. M'Namara
32
27
25
92.1
28
Anthony
1
7
6
Tripp
Tripp
Tripp
4
3
Caroline R. Gilmore
Oxford
Oxford
Oxford
159
SCHOOL ENROLLMENT BY SCHOOL AND GRADE
OCTOBER 1, 1942
School
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII VIII Sp. Totals
Oxford
42
34
32
31
22
27
29
.
16 233
Rogers
28
26
26
31
37
62
69
. .
.
279
Anthony
22
31
25
26
25
27
30
.
.
186
Tripp
29
30
21
18
27
31
27
.
. .
183
E. Fairhaven
33
29
32
30
26
. .
ยท
. .
-
-
-
-
-
Total Elem.
154
150
136
136
137
147
155
141
16
1172
High School IX 159; X 150; XI 104; XII 89; P. G. 4
506
Total Enrollment
1678
SUMMARY OF ENROLLMENT
1930 - 1942
October 1
Elementary
High School
Total
1930
1764
406
2170
1931
1669
500
2169
1932
1714
546
2260
1933
1640
583
2223
1934
1649
624
2273
1935
1631
606
2237
1936
1589
648
2237
1937
1423
670
2093
1938
1431
709
2130
1939
1326
702
2028
1940
1267
690
1957
1941
1237
613
1850
1942
1172
506
1678
.
. .
. .
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.