USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Worcester > Town annual reports of the several departments for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1884 > Part 8
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the property belonging to the sewer department may be seen at the Superintendent's Office.
The subject of ventilation of sewers, to which reference was made in a previous report, has received no attention. A system- atic ventilation will soon be a necessity, as the lines of sewer are extended and are long in use the need is more apparent.
The amount paid for teams for the department is very large. Four horses are employed nearly the entire year and many more in the busy season. It is recommended that sufficient teams be purchased to do the regular work of the department.
Respectfully submitted.
R. H. CHAMBERLAIN,
Supt. of Sewers.
Worcester, December 31, 1884.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
COMMITTEE ON WATER.
To the City Council of Worcester :-
In conformity with the ordinance of the City, the Joint Stand- ing Committee on Water herewith submit their report for the year ending November 30th. 1884, together with the reports of the Water Commissioner, Water Registrar and City Engineer. The record of work performed by this Department for the year just closed justifies the expectation of the Committee, both as to quality and extent ; and a careful perusal of the accompanying reports of the Commissioner and Registrar will, we believe, prove equally satisfactory to the citizens at large. Perhaps the most important feature of the department work is that which relates to the new supply from Holden, while the work proper was completed late in 1883. The entire work of " raking after the cart," as well as testing the practical adaptation of the supply to the need of the City, enters into the record of 1884.
The report of the Commissioner deals minutely with the work done at the Storage and Distributing Reservoirs, and upon the connecting channel as well; and we are glad to add that the public themselves are perhaps better acquainted with what has been done hereabout than with any other branch of the City work.
After a year of continuous operation we are now prepared to speak of the City's " new supply " as satisfactory in every re- spect ; and we congratulate our citizens upon the most perfect and adequate supply of pure water possessed by any city in our
142
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 39.
land; and what is still more fortunate, it may be increased almost indefinitely as occasion may demand.
The pipe line has also been completed by its extension from the corner of Main and Chandler streets to the intersection of Main with Front street, the total length being 23,676 feet, or substantially four and one-half miles, and over the entire distance not a break or leak has been discovered, a fact which in itself is a sufficient comment upon the quality of the work done upon the line. Commendable progress has been made in the direction of the settlement of damages for land and water-rights. Much more has been accomplished, however, than appears, the nature of the various claims being extremely complicated and difficult of adjustment ; but as the settlement is intrusted to a special com- mittee, of which the Committee on Water is but a part, further reference to the subject is not required in this report.
Your Committee are decidedly of the opinion that the " Fos- ter farm," or so much of it as is adjacent to the Distributing Reservoir, should be condemned and the buildings removed, thereby securing complete immunity from pollution to this most important factor in our water system.
The advantages of the new supply cannot be considered alone but are best appreciated when their effect upon the old is better understood. On December 27th, 1883, the water in Lynde Brook Reservoir measured 22.35 feet; from this time forward the depth increased, until on March 23d it measured 38.51 feet, and was allowed to run to waste, the Committee not considering the use of flash boards necessary.
The decrease from this date to November 30th, 1884, was but slight, the water stored being in excess of that of the pre- vious November by 247,096,000 gallons. The quality has been excellent throughout the year, and the fact that almost the entire area of flowage has been covered, ensures even a better quality for the year to come.
The advantage of being able to devote the water of Lynde Brook Reservoir to the demands of the high service has been evident from its increased efficiency on hydraulic elevators and the better average pressure upon the street mains ; but even with
143
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON WATER.
this advantage, the fact remains that the pipe line connecting this Reservoir with the City, and its various connections, must receive immediate and heroic treatment, and in this connection we wish it distinctly understood that we do not in the least reflect upon the judgment of those who laid the cement-lined pipes, upon which the trouble now occurs. But it has served its purpose, and in many places it has outlived its usefulness ; and its presence is a perpetual menace to the security of property from fire, and water as well. And we recommend the expendi- ture of a considerable sum each year, to be expended as the knowledge of the Committee shall direct, until the entire forty- nine miles shall have been replaced with iron pipes.
The work of the department upon the various pipe lines and street mains is so fully and accurately described in the accom- panying report of the Water Commissioner that we refrain from any detailed reference to it, but recommend its careful considera- tion to those who would know in detail of the demands made upon the department by our rapidly growing City.
The tables showing the rain-fall of the past ten years, and that relating to the amount and sizes of cement pipe in use, and the length of time it has been laid, are especially interesting and instructive.
A subject upon which much thought has been expended by your Committee crystallized early in the year in a report to the City Council recommending the fixing of a minimum price for metered water. The report met with favorable consideration and the rate was fixed at $4.00. A result which we are sure will rejoice the heart of ex-Water Registrar Brown, who had for many years suggested its propriety in his Annual Reports.
While your Committee are of the opinion that the rate fixed should have been higher, and so recommended, we are sure that as fixed it imposes no hardships upon the takers, but will rather tend to enhance its value and encourage the use of a sufficient quantity for sanitary purposes.
The necessity of an ordinance regulating the operation of plumbers becomes yearly more apparent, not only from a sani- tary but economic point of view, the recent canvass having dis-
144
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 39.
closed the fact that not a few takers had tapped the supply pipes behind the meters, probably with a view to making water liter- erally " as free as air."
The plumbers themselves have petitioned the Council for relief in the premises ; and we trust the subject will receive the early attention of the coming City Government.
CHAS. G. REED, JOHN G. BRADY, OTIS WARREN, E. O. PARKER, B. W. CHILDS,
JOHN J. WHITE, A. E. DENNIS,
Joint Standing Committee on Water.
REPORT
OF THE
WATER COMMISSIONER.
To the Joint Standing Committee on Water:
Gentlemen :- The Commissioner would respectfully submit the following report of the operations of the Department for the year ending November 30, 1884.
LYNDE BROOK RESERVOIR.
On Dec. 1, 1883, the amount of water stored was 260,053,000 gallons. A depth of 23.90 feet or 13.50 below the rollway. There was a decline until Dec. 27, when the amount stored was 232,118,000 gallons and the depth 22.35 feet. This was the lowest point reached during the year. This amount was in- creased, until on the twenty-third of March the level of the rollway was reached, the amount stored being 681,827,789 gal- lons. No flashboards were placed on the rollway and the water was allowed to waste, which it did until the first day of June. The highest level reached was on March 27, the depth being 38.51 feet or 730,897,000 gallons. The 24" waste gate was par- tially open on seven days in March and three days in April. From the above date, March 27, to November 30, the surface has gradually fallen, until on the latter date there was 507,149,000 gallons or 32.95 feet of water stored. This is a gain of 10.60 feet or 275,031,000 gallons from the lowest point and a gain of 247,096,000 gallons from Nov. 30, 1883.
The water has been of excellent quality throughout the year, and as only a small area of the flowage surface has been exposed to the atmosphere, it will in all probability be even better the coming season. Another advantage of a full reservoir has been in the increased average pressure on the street mains and con- nections on the High Service lines and giving much greater efficiency to hydraulic elevators and motors. Owing to its being
146
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 39.
of insufficient depth, the paving in the rollway above the overfall stone had become much broken by the action of the frost, and during the time of highest water some found its way to the outside of the rollway wall, below the overfall stone. While this was in small quantity and seemed to entail no danger to the structure, it was at least undesirable, and as soon as the surface of the water was sufficiently below the level of the rollway to permit, the upper ends of the side walls of the rollway were taken down, the foundations lowered and the walls substantially rebuilt. The paving from the overfall stone to the upper slope of the dam was removed and the material excavated to give a depth of two feet to the paving. At a distance of eleven feet from the overfall stone a cut-off wall four feet deep was built across the rollway into the solid material beneath. The paving between this cut-off and the overfall stone was laid in cement. It is believed these repairs will put this portion of the rollway in much better condition than it has been for some years. Sur- veys of the land on the west side of the reservoir have been made, the points and bounds located, and a strip of wood and brush cut, much improving this section of the shores. There is also a tract of several acres near the northwest corner of the reservoir from which the brush should be cleared and around which bounds are set, but there seems to be some doubt as to the title, which has not been cleared up. Some progress has been made upon the wall at the northerly side of the reservoir. Everything in connection with the gate-houses and reservoir has been kept in excellent condition, except the house and barn, which are in a dilapidated state, and are hardly in keeping with the prominent position they occupy. It would be a very great improvement if a new house were built farther from the shores of the reservoir and the old one removed or demolished. The top and outer slope of the embankment should receive some slight attention in the spring to put the grass and sod in better condition. Our en- tire High Service supply has been taken from this reservoir direct, and through the Hunt Reservoir has supplied a part of the Low Service an aggregate of about five months during the year. A table giving the depth of water in the reservoir and the rainfall throughout the year follows.
147
REPORT OF WATER COMMISSIONER.
TABLE A. Showing the Daily Height of Water in Lynde Brook Reservoir, and the Rain Fall for the year ending November 30, 1884.
December, '83. January, 1884.
February.
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
August.
September.
October.
November.
REMARKS.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Water.
Date.
1
23.90
22.46
26.50
34.85
37.80
37.60
37.52
37.44
36.26
35.47
34.28
33.60
18|Rain fall for year ending
2
.15
22.47
1.10
26.77
34.95
37.78
37.59
37.51
37.43
.04
36.34
35.43
34.25
....
3
23.59
22.70
26.95
35.07
37.85
37.58
37.50
37.41
36.30
35.37
34.22
.20
33.61
4
23.40
22.80
27.05
35.22
37.63
.95
37.56
37.49
37.38
36.25
35.32
34.23
18
33.60
5
23.30
22.82
.55
35.28
.10
37.50
.04
37.55
37.46
37.43
.70
36.20
35.29
34.24
33.61
.09
6
23.20
22.82
27.42
.05
35.25
37.60
37.55
37.44
37.44
.24
36.11
.26
35.25
34.22
33.60
7
23.10
22.80
28.61
.14
35.34
37.65
37.57
37.43
37.43
36.06
35.20
34.20
33.59
8
23.00
22.78
29.28
35.42
1.00
37.96
37.59
.53
37.41
37.40
.06
36.16
35.10
.04
34.18
33.55
9
22.98
1.92
29.52
.12
35.45
.35
37.88
37.63
.10
37.40
37.40
36.15
35.00
34.12
33.52
10
22.98
23.92
29.74
35.52
37.94
1.00
.07
37.38
.02
37.36
36.01
34.97
34.03
33.49
11
22.95
.10
24.45
.15
29.88
35.55
37.94
37.62
37.34
37.34
36.02
34.95
.10
33.97
33.45
Height of roll-way, 37.40
12
22.93
24.74
30.01
35.61
.08
38.04
37.61
37.31
.27
37.31
35.97
34.92
33.94
.16
33.41
feet.
13
22.85
24.86 .02
30.15 .63
36.15
38.00
37.56
37.33
37.30
.71
35.91
34.85
33.89
33.36
Top of flash-boards, 37.90 feet.
15
22.80
24.97
31.53
36.90
.22
37.87
.65
37.61
.16
37.29
37.31
35.83
34.70
33.83
33.29
16
22.71
24.98
31.71
37.06
37.98
.04
37.64
37.29
37.27
:04
35.80
34.64
33.80
33.25
17
22.65
.10
31.84
37.19
37.96
.33
37.62
37.24
37.24
35.74
34.55
33.77
33.22
18
22.55
.02
24.97
32.21
.65
37.31
37.96
.14
37.62
37.23
37.20
35.71
34.47
.05
33.75
.01
33.17
19
22.57
.32
.05
32.63
37.42
1.20
37.90
37.58
37.21
.48
37.18
.31
35.67
.04
34.47
....
.
33.12
.42
20
22.57
25.00
.03
32.82
.60
37.84
37.58
.79
37.23
37.20
35.60
34.45
.25
33.70 ....
33.12
21
22.55
.25
25.03
·33.36
36.98
37.80
37.72
37.21
37.16
35.58
34.45
33.68
32.97
37.70
37.19
37.12
35.56
.75
34.43
. .
34.38
.05
33.66
32.88
.66
24
22.40
.34
25.10
1.05
34.17
37.95
.21
37.70
37.63
36.97
.22
35.55
34.36
33.62
32.96
25
22.40
25.50
34.30
37.97
37.70
37.60
37.08
36.97
.02
35.49
34.36
33.60
32.96
26
22.39
.15
34.44 .78
37.87
1.71
.40
37.56
37.42
36.57
35.46
.26
34.34
33.58
32.93
..
32.88 ..
28
26.05
.07
.72
38.15
37.68
37.51
.64
36.31
.59
35.38
34.31
.14
33.53
.18
32.85
.76
29
22.40
26.00
38.05
37.67
37.58
36.31
.59
35.33
34.31
.21
33.51
...
. .
30
22.43
25.95
37.95
.04
37.56
36.39
35.45
.92
34.30
33.51
1.00
32.95
.....
31
26.20
.50
37.85
37.54
36.35
.21
35.44
.22
....
.....
1.76
4.89
5.06
4.91
3.55
2.94
2.91
3.73
3.59
.84
2.15
2.11
The rain fall is in inches and decimals of an inch.
27
22.35
.33
25.83
34.58
38.51
37.70
37.53
37.54
36.57
35.42
34.31
33.55
.42
32.93
23
22.47
25.10
33.70
.75
37.57
37.72
37.67
37.16
36.95
35.60
34.77
.33.87
83.32
14
22.82
24.94
30.84
.07
36.70
37.93
37.61
.60
37.31
37.34
35.80
...
.. .
22
22.52
25.03
33.54
37.25
37.75
...
.
...
37.63
37.47
. .
..
....
22.45
33.60
. .
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
Rain fall.
33.62
Nov. 30, 1884, 38.44 inches.
. ..
...
.97
...
....
....
. .
25.65
34.67
34.76
37.50
32.92
The depth of water is shown in feet and decimals of a foot.
37.12
2.14
37.52
22.40
24.98
24.97
33.72
·
33.68
37.70
37.65
.05
23.73
27.10
.17
-
149
REPORT OF WATER COMMISSIONER.
HUNT RESERVOIR.
This has been in use throughout the entire year. When used in connection with the Tatnuck Brook supply from Holden and the supply cut off from the Lynde Brook Reservoir, the level of the surface has been kept within two or three feet of the level maintained when fed direct from Lynde Brook, thus showing very little loss of liead. Early in the season a strip of land on the east side of the embankment, thirty feet in width, and con- nected with Parsons' lane by a driveway twenty feet wide, has been enclosed by a picket fence and an entrance on Parsons' lane · built in a substantial manner and with the fence thoroughly painted. This land was purchased in 1869, but had never been fenced or utilized. The top of the embankment and the outer slope have been cleared of brush, briers and roots, and consider- able material graded upon the outer slope of the embankment, which has also been re-seeded. The slope paving and coping were repaired in several places and the general appearance of the grounds considerably improved. The 12" gate on the main line from Lynde Brook Reservoir has become very much worn, hav- ing been in constant use for sixteen years with the pressure almost entirely from one direction. A new gate of a special pat- tern has been procured and will be put in place as soon as it can conveniently be done, and at the same time a new floor will be laid in the gate-house.
STORAGE RESERVOIR, HOLDEN.
This reservoir has been what it was designed to be, the main- stay of our low service supply, and has been used throughout the entire year, with the exception of six days in July. On Nov. 30, 1883, there was 6.00 feet, or 46,102,000 gallons of water stored. Jan. 8, following the amount was 49,739,000 gallons, or a depth of 6.25 feet. From this time the rise was quite rapid, and on Feb. 9 the reservoir was full and running over, the depth being 20.10 feet. There was a surplus from this time until May 1. As this is the first season's use of the reservoir by the Depart- ment it is somewhat interesting to note the rapid filling of the
150
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 39.
reservoir, which will be seen by an inspection of the accompany- ing table giving the height of water in the reservoir for the year. On the night of the 26th of March, the greatest observed flow took place, there being a depth of eighteen inches flowing over the over-fall stone in the rollway, a width of thirty feet, and one of the 30" pipes discharging nearly its full capacity. During the season the reservoir was drawn down quite rapidly, the lowest point being reached on Nov. 20, there being on that date 6.10 feet, or 47,546,000 gallons. Nov. 30, 1884, depth of water, 6.83 feet, or 58,477,000 gallons. The water shed of this basin is very quick, the slope of the sides being steep and the crest very regular, generally about one and one-fourth miles from the reservoir, and the farthest point in the basin being only one and one-half miles from the same. It is quite evident from the experience of the past season that this reservoir will not furnish the full low ser- vice supply with its present storage capacity. It is also evident that it can be drawn to a very low point without detriment to the quality of the supply, and without any effect upon the pressure in our street mains. Everything, so far as the strength of the dam and rollway were concerned, was finished last year, but a large amount of work has been done in grading and seeding the lower slope and top of the embankment and the grounds near the foot of theslope. The grounds between the dam and the road have been cleared and grubbed. The rollway has been dressed over its entire length, the wall pointed and all little imperfections in the bed remedied. The lower end of the rollway, 23 feet long, was built with paving laid dry ; this was considerably displaced by the freshets of last spring, and has been replaced and laid in cement. A good, substantial, double-faced wall has been built along the road side opposite the embankment for a distance of 645 feet. A shed, with office and tool-room attached, has been built, and all the buildings in use during the construction of the dam torn down. No work has been done on the shores of the reservoir towards clearing the wood, and very little trouble has been experienced from leaves or drift wood. By the purchase of the Wadsworth and Chamberlain farms, land has been secured controlling three of the four brooks entering the reservoir for a considerable dis-
151
REPORT OF WATER COMMISSIONER.
tance from the highest point which will ever be flowed. By ex- ercising a proper supervision, I can see no objection to these farms being used for agricultural purposes for years to come. Both farms can no doubt be rented to the present occupants for a fair rental. The channel below the reservoir has been much improved by straightening and deepening as far as the Coes' privilege. When the Coes' and Seagrave's dams are taken down, and the channel cleared to the Distributing Reservoir, it will be a very great improvement, and will facilitate the proper gauging of the supply to the Distributing Reservoir. It is hoped this may be accomplished early in the coming year. The water from this source has been good. A portion of the season it has been slightly discolored, but I think this will disappear with continued use of the reservoir and the inprovements mentioned above con- summated. A rain-gauge has been in use here a portion of the year, but its accuracy has not been thoroughly tested. A float- gauge, similar to the one at Lynde Brook Reservoir, for showing the depth of water has been placed in the gate house, also ap- paratus for hoisting and lowering the stop plank and heavy screens in use here. These are working very successfully.
11
TABLE SHOWING THE DEPTH OF WATER IN THE STORAGE RESERVOIR AT HOLDEN, FOR THE YEAR.
DEC. '83. JAN. '84.
FEB.
MARCH.
APRIL.
MAY.
JUNE.
JULY.
AUGUST.
SEPT.
OCт.
Nov.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
Depth of Water.
REMARKS.
DATE.
11
6.00
5.95
13.00
20.35
20.22
20.32
20.07
18.26
16.44
15.70
12.91
8.70
2
5.97
13.40
20.37
20.20
20.20
20.05
18.26
16.39
15.61
12.75
8.53
3
6.25
13.65
20.37
20.26
20.12
20.04
18.17
16.33
15.53
12.66
8.37
4
13.85
20.34
20.01
20.11
19.93
18.07
16.30
15.39
12.48
8.22
5
14.00
20.30
19.77
20.14
19.92
18.00
16.38
15.24
12.37
7.99
6
.
·
6.30
16.30
20.27
20.24
20.17
19.79
.
17.87
16.47
15.32
12.05
7.40
9
7.25
17.88
20.37
20.47
20.19
19.62
17.82
16.52
15.28
11.93
7.27
10
8.46
18.40
20.32
20.48
20.23
19.52
17.71
16.47
15.11
11.77
7.23
11
9.15
18.65
20.31
20.55
20.16
19.10
17.64
16.36
15.05
11.57
6.93
12
9.46
18.90
20.34
20.67
20.20
19.02
17.52
16.40
14.96
11.01
6.85
13
6.00
9.80
19.20
20.42
20.60
20.12
18.92
17.48
16.41
14.84
10.90
6.75
14
10.15
20.10
19.35
20.60
20.19
18.72
17.44
16.24
14.76
10.76
6.60
15
10.35
20.60
18.57
20.57
20.18
18.68
17.30
16.29
14.68
10.56
6.48
16
10.45
20.49
18.42
20.75
20.20
18.53
17.25
16.23
14.63
10.45
6.42
17
5.98
10.50
20.46
18.61
20.57
20.19
18.33
17.17
16.17
14.56
10.30
6.37
18
10.60
20.66
18.77
20.51
20.19
18.26
17.04
16.11
14.40
10.17
6.23
19
10.70
20.60
18.98
20.52
20.13
18.34
16.86
16.03
14.30
10.02
6.19
20
10.80
20.56
19.18
20.43
20.13
18.23
16.78
15.95
14.00
9.85
6.15
21
10.90
20.65
19.66
20.42
20.33
18.14
16.70
15.93
13.91
9.70
6.13
22
10.90
20.55
19.99
20.40
20.28
17.92
16.64
15.84
13.80
9.65
6.17
23
.
11.00
20.51
20.49
20.35
20.24
17.90
16.70
15.85
13.83
9.69
6.24
24
11.00
20.76
20.87
20.32
20.19
17.87
16.70
15.78
13.75
9.59
6.48
25
11.65
20.48
20.27
20.34
20.13
17.87
16.72
15.70
13.57
9.47
6.48
26
11.85
20.37
20.65
20.30
20.13
18.80
16.73
15.62
13.49
9.37
6.58
27
5.95
12.00
20.37
21.11
20.35
20.07
19.03
16.75
15.60
13.43
9.26
6.54
28
12.10
20.40
20.60
20.30
20.08
18.66
16.79
15.51
13.26
9.07
6.59
29
.
.
.
12.15
20.33
20.37
20.31
20.13
18.51
16.56
15.45
13.16
9.13
6.74
30
·
·
12.30
20.30
20.33
20.11
18.36
16.58
15.53
13.08
9.10
6.83
31
5.95
12.45
20.25
20.07
·
.
.
·
16.56
15.63
8.89
.
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 39.
Height of Roll- way, 20.10 feet.
8
6.25
17.35
20.27
20.37
20.18
19.76
16.25
15.29
12.18
7.60
7
14.45
20.31
20.02
20.14
19.85
16.36
15.27
12.26
7.73
·
.
·
.
.
5.95
.
The depth of wa- ter is shown in feet and deci- mals of a foot.
152
·
5.92
·
153
REPORT OF WATER COMMISSIONER. 1
DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIR, HOLDEN.
This reservoir has been in constant use throughout the year, with the exception of a few days, and it has been a very valuable addition to the works. It was found when the water was shut off at the reservoir above that this basin became empty in a few days, the main from Hunt Reservoir to New Worcester not being of sufficient capacity to overcome the loss of head except a short time in the night. The embankment and slopes have been seeded and put in good condition. No fencing has been done around the reservoir or along the pipe line to the road. The channel around the basin has been of great service in diverting the water from the basin during severe storms, and ensures a perfect con- trol of the stream at all times. If a portion of the Foster farm with the buildings could be secured it would be a very desirable acquisition, securing this reservoir from possible pollution, and would be the best place to locate a permanent employé in charge of the reservoirs. This basin, as well as the Holden Reservoir, is being very much frequented, and some one should be at hand to protect the interests of the city, and the better to control the flow of water to the basin. Apparatus for hoisting and changing the screens has been placed in the gate-house.
BELL POND
Has been in constant use for supplying the Worcester Lunatic Hospital, a number of times in cases of breaks in either the high or the low service, and in many cases to supply a portion of the high service line in case of shut-offs for street or other connec- tions. Three or four times during the year the reservoir has been drawn down and refilled from the high service main, the water-shed not being sufficient to keep up the supply. The plank spiling dam at the northeast corner of the reservoir has been removed, as it was found that the water in the enclosed small basin in front of the gate-house became stagnant and impure. Since then the water has been very much improved. The land recently purchased at the northwest corner of the reservoir on Belmont street has been graded and enclosed by a fence. This
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