USA > Massachusetts > Barnstable County > Eastham > Town of Eastham Annual Report 1896-1912 > Part 27
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Art education in the public schools cultivates the power to think and see, establishes habits of care and accuracy, develops power in graphic and manual expression and stim- ulates creative imagination.
The course is designed to teach basic principles tho- roughly ; to encourage the individuality of the child and his natural love for the beautiful, to cultivate his power of ex- pression, to emphasize industry and art as a part of the child's social environment and so develop his creative powers along industrial and artistic lines ; and to stimulate the growth of the child's mind through his self-activities.
Respectfully,
LOTTA M. MURRAY
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REPORT INSTRUCTOR OF AGRICULTURE
Superintendent L. G. Williams, Harwich, Mass.
Sir :- I have the honor to transmit herewith my first an- nual report of the Agricultural Department of the Harwich High School, covering the period of April 1st to December 31st, 1912.
CONTENTS
1. Buildings and equipment.
2. Teaching.
Text book work, project study and home project work.
3. Investigations.
Methods.
Soil.
Climate.
Crops.
Cranberries : decrease in production, causes, cran- berry survey.
Other small fruits : strawberries, grapes, raspber- ries, etc.
Tree fruits : peaches, plums, cherries, apples and pears. Truck crops.
Other farm crops. Poultry. Dairying. Barnstable County Survey. Markets.
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4. Demonstration and field work.
Direct advice to farmers.
Co-operation with U. S. Department of Agriculture. Demonstration work, plans for 1913.
Boys' potato clubs.
Fair contests for grade schools.
BUILDING AND EQUIPMENT
During the first term classroom work was held in the northeast room in the rear of the Exchange, which is now occupied by the school committee and superintendent. At the beginning of the present term we moved to per- manent quarters in the old town office building. The room is large, well lighted and well suited to our present needs. It has been equipped with chairs, a large recitation table and a small laboratory table. The walls and floor have been painted and the lawn plowed and re-seeded. A larger laboratory table should be placed along the southwest side of the room and a sink should also be provided. We have purchased apparatus for laboratory work with soils and fertilizers and a set of sieves for mechanical analysis of soils.
TEACHING
We have had a total enrollment of 17 pupils distributed by towns as follows : Harwich 11, Chatham 2, Orleans 2, Brewster 1, and Truro 1.
In our text book work the topics covered include the fol- lowing : The nature, scope and importance of agriculture as an industry and as a science ; the relation of the farmer to the community and to his environment; the improve-
61
ment of plants and animals including the principles of breeding, heredity and selection as illustrated in the breed- ing of cattle, poultry, corn, potatoes, asparagus and fruit ; the propagation of plants, including a brief study of graft- ing, budding, cuttings, layers, seed germination and tests ; plant food, its composition and sources ; soils, their origin, composition, formation, physical and chemical properties, relation to air, water, bacteria and plant food; causes of decreased productivity ; means of improvement including a brief study of tillage, drainage, irrigation, increase of humus, use of lime and commercial fertilizers.
During the present term we will take some text-book work on poultry and small fruit, more on soils, and include con- siderable laboratory work on soils and fertilizers, and wire basket tests for fertilizer requirements of soils from pupils' home farms.
Each pupil has made a study of home gardening, and has had an opportunity to put his knowledge into practice on his own garden. The study has included such topics as prepa- ration of the land, measuring, fertilizing, choice of varieties, planting, cultivation, control of insects and diseases.
Each pupil who was registered during the first term made a home garden, harvested and marketed the products or used them at home. Accounts were kept of all receipts and ex- penses. The expenses included cost of seeds, manure, sup- plies, rent of land, and man and horse labor, whether actu- ally paid out or obtained free of charge.
A brief summary of their accounts for the summer is sub- mitted :
Highest.
Lowest.
Average.
Area cultivated,
1 acre
.05 A.
.42 A.
Total receipts,
$100 00
$2 90
$34 09
Expenses except his own labor,
8 90
2 00
7 49
62
Highest.
Lowest.
Average.
Profit above expenses except his own labor,
$91 10
$0 90
$26 60
Value of his own labor,
28 40
3 00
12 10
Loss.
Net profit above all expenses,
75 00
5 26
14 50
Value of work outside of project for project period,
140 00
00
48 72
Total value of all work for project pe- riod,
175 03
90
63 22
Nearly all the boys were handicapped by a lack of horse- power and tools. This deficiency is a vital one, and is evi- dent with many Cape farmers. Ordinarily it is scarcely any more profitable to raise farm products by hand than to make shoes by hand. When we consider that several of the boys never made a garden before, and did all the work ex- cept plowing and harrowing by hand, their financial showing is excellent. The fact that they can pay expenses with hand labor is pretty good evidence that they could do a very prof- itable business when properly equipped and more experi- enced. The boys are convinced of the value of horse work and thorough cultivation, and will use more horses and bet- ter equipment next year.
INVESTIGATION WORK
During the past year, I have visited at my own expense the state experiment stations of Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Jersey in the interests of Cape Cod agriculture. Also, the Massachusetts State Cranberry Experimental Bog at Wareham. I have also consulted a large number of Cape Cod farmers, fruit growers, cranberry growers and others who have been doing successful farming on Cape Cod and
63
similar soils in other states. After considerable correspon- dence, and after reading considerable literature on sandy soil farming in other states, we are in a position to make a tentative answer to the question which is in the minds of many, "Is there an opportunity to build up a profitable type of upland farming on the lower cape, and to make improve- ments upon the present condition of the cranberry indus- try ?"
SOIL
The soil of the lower cape varies all the way from coarse beach sand to a fine sandy loam. Most of it is similar to the type which the U. S. Bureau of Soils classifies as Nor- folk Sand, described in Circular 44 of the Bureau of Soils, from which I quote : "The Norfolk sand is the most widely distributed sand soil in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains region. The Norfolk sand has been encountered in 55 areas in 12 different states, and has been mapped in these areas by the Bureau of Soils to the extent of 2,542,412 acres. If complete soil surveys had been made of the entire coastal section it would doubtless be found that the Norfolk sand occupies an area of between 17,000,000 and 20,000,000 acres. . . . The Norfolk sand stands pre-eminent among all of the soils of the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain for the production of extra early truck crops. As a result the Nor- folk sand may be characterized as the most valuable of the early trucking soils from New Jersey to the southern limit of North Carolina. ... Among the truck crops, the extra early asparagus is probably the best suited of any to the Norfolk sand, and is the most profitable. It is also the chosen soil for the production of sweet potatoes, watermel-
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ons, cantalopes and the extra early Irish potatoes in all of the North Atlantic and Middle Atlantic trucking regions. It is fairly well suited to the production of extra early peas and beans. Tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplant, lettuce and a few minor trucking crops are also raised to a limited de- gree. . . . For box shipments of peaches in small sized car- riers the Norfolk sand probably excels any other soil of the North Atlantic Coastal region. The life of the trees is usu- ally short, but the quality and color of the fruit are excep- tionally fine. ... Where transportation to northern mar- kets is available the price of the Norfolk sand has risen to $150 or even $250 an acre where used for trucking."
Professor R. L. Watts in the latest and best book on vegetable gardening says of sandy soils: "The soils of the most important trucking regions of the United States contain considerable sand. The advantages of sand in soils for vegetables may be enumerated as follows: (1) The land warms up earlier in the spring and maintains a higher temperature than heavy soils do; (2) fertilizers act more quickly ; (3) tillage may begin earlier in the spring and continue later in the fall; (4) tillage is less expensive ; (5) tillage may begin sooner after rains ; (6) transplant- ing is facilitated; (7) the harvesting of many crops is facilitated ; (8) soils do not become so hard and compact when harvesting crops, especially when the ground is wet ; (9) sand lends itself to irrigation because the water is quickly absorbed; (10) the root crops are smoother, bet- ter formed and have fewer fiberous roots ; (11) many crops require less work in cleaning and preparing for market." Other advantages that might be added are: They have good natural drainage, they are quite free from stones and are easily and cheaply cleared.
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The land is level or rolling and well adapted to the use of modern labor saving machinery in most of the lower Cape. Sandy soils have some disadvantages. They do not hold moisture in dry weather as well as loams but stand dry weather fully as well as very heavy soils. They require liberal manuring and fertilizing, and under poor systems of management are quickly "run out." It should be remem- bered however that for trucking and fruit growing the fertilizers and manures are less expensive than labor and the labor saved in tillage will probably more than make up for the extra expense for maintaining fertility.
CLIMATE
The climate of Cape Cod is ideal for almost any line of farming. In the hottest spells of summer it is 10 to 15 de- grees cooler than inland, and the heavy fogs protect animals and crops from the hot sun. This provides ideal condi- tions for poultry. Chickens suffer more from the hot sun in summer than from cold in winter. In winter the ther- mometer rarely goes below zero, and the extremes of tem- perature are avoided at all times. Weather records at Hyannis for the ten year period of 1902 to 1911 are sum- marized below :
E-6
RAINFALL IN INCHES PER MONTH.
Precipitation at Hyannis during the summer season of the years 1902-1911 inclusive:
MONTH
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
Ten-year Average
April
2.68
3 72
6.25
1.33
2.28
3.49
2 04
4.35
2.92
4.99
3.41
May
1 13
0 96
4.29
1.75
4.47
5.13
2.87
2.57
3 99
0.76
2.79
June. .
5.11
3 25
5 03
5 78
2.20
1.68
1.71
1.31
2.56
6.70
3.53
July
1 98
2 26
4.78
1.94
6.07
0.62
3.43
0.55
1 87
3.72
2.72
August
0.54
4.10
4.19
1 14
1.07
1.61
4.82
2 26
3 17
7.12
3.30
September
3.04
1 85
1 44
5 63
2 91
4.96
1.20
4.61
1.82
3.25
3.07
Annual .
42.49
47.10
45.97
39 31
43 80
39.75
41.39
43.17
40.11
47.85
43.09
Precipitation at Concord during the summer season of the years 1902-1911 inclusive:
MONTH
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
Ten-year Average
April
3.35
2.82
9.40
2.78
2.79
2.84
1.34
4 85
2.50
2.26
3.49
May
2.39
0.76
3.72
0 93
5.07
3.31
5.07
2.35
1.47
0.29
2.54
June
1.89
8.30
5.13
5 27
3 12
2.81
1.02
3 30
3.35
3 23
3.74
July ..
2.78
3.27
2 21
2 00
5.37
2.52
3.42
3.76
1.63
3.33
3.03
August
4 26
3.26
3.13
3 20
3.86
1.17
5.22
2.48
2.22
4.60
3.34
September
5.78
2.10
5 19
7.59
2.15
9.05
0.75
4.89
2.97
3.16
4.36
Annual.
41.18
41.51
42.08
39.09
41.01
42 52
33.00
41 45
31.24
36.11
38.72
KILLING FROSTS.
Dates of killing frosts at Hyannis 1902-1911 inclusive:
· SEASON
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907 May 12 Oct. 16 156
1908 Apr. 21 Oct. 31 192
1909 Apr. 29 Oct 21 174
Oct. 30 183
197
Length of season,
152
189
99
187
Average,
174
Dates of killing frosts at Concord 1902-1911 inclusive:
SEASON
1902
1903
1904
1905
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
Last in spring,
May 14
May 12
May 3
May 24
May 12 Oct 2
May 4
Apr. 29
June 5
May 6
First in fall.
Oct 10
Sept. 30
Sept. 22 Sept. 27
Length of season,
148
140
141
125
142
134
169
116
130
Advantage of Hyannis, .
4
49
--- 42
62
88
14
58
5
67
67
Average, 37
(Tab'es from official records of U.S. Weather Bureau)
1910
1911
Last in Spring,
May 10
Apr. 19
June 14
Apr. 19
Apr. 9
First in fall,
Oct. 10
Oct. 26
Sept. 22
Oct. 24
Nov. 8 213
.
1906 May 22 Sept 25 125
Sept. 16
Oct. 16
Sept. 30
Sept. 14
Average, 137
Apr. 29
Apr. 13
Oct. 28
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It will be noted that the season averages 37 days longer between the last killing frost in the spring and the first killing frost in the fall at Hyannis than at Concord, a famous market garden region. The average annual rainfall at Hyannis is 43 inches as compared with nearly 39 at Con- cord. It is a common belief that the rainfall is not as well distributed through the summer months on Cape Cod as elsewhere but the records show that there is practically no difference between Cape Cod and inland, in the distribu- tion of the rainfall, and the popular impression that we have longer dry spells comes from the fact mentioned above that the soil does not hold the moisture as well as some heavier types, on the north and west sides of the Cape. The heavy fogs of summer probably more than make up for any difference in the amount of rainfall that we receive. The past five years have been noted all over the country for severe droughts. They have been no more severe here than elsewhere.
CRANBERRIES.
Harwich is the home of the cultivated Cranberry. Its cultivation was begun about 1850 and for many years Har- wich produced more cranberries than all the rest of Barn- stable County. At first there were few enemies, but they made their appearance until now we have insects and fungi by the score, and the number is being added to yearly.
According to the most reliable estimates we can get, the acreage of cranberry bogs has not changed materially in the last twenty years, while the production has fallen off about one-half. Many small bogs with poor water facili- ties have been abandoned, and about the same area of new
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bogs has been set. The following table shows the ship- ments of cranberries from the Harwich depot for the last nineteen years. There are three other stations in Harwich but the shipments from each depot come from practically the same territory each year.
Year.
Barrels.
1894,
10,660
1895,
9,320
1896,
14,170
1897,
10,640
1898,
8,090
1899,
11,218
1900,
6,206
1901,
13,403
1902,
10,140
1903,
13,334
1904,
11,433
1905,
3,601
1906,
9,373
1907,
8,577
1908,
5,263
1909,
9,191
1910,
4,332
1911,
7,885
1912,
3,500 (estimated)
These figures show that it is of great importance to deter- mine if possible the reasons for the decrease in yield, and to enter upon a campaign to bring back the former yields if pos- sible. We already know that insects claim a share of the crop. Fungus diseases probably are responsible for a much larger share. Experiments by Dr. Franklin at Wareham show enormous increases in yield from spraying with Bor-
69
deau mixture, especially on the late Howes. This controls the blast fungus among others, and greatly decreases the rot. Great care must be used in preparing and applying it how- ever. We are planning some experiments in spraying for next year. Fertilizers promise also to increase the yield when judiciously applied. The question of the relation of fertilizers to rot is an open one, and needs to be thoroughly investigated. After considerable discussion it has been deemed advisable to enter upon a thorough investigation of the cranberry industry of the lower cape by means of a sur- vey. This should be completed for a definite territory this winter if possible. The plan is to visit every bog in Har- wich if possible, and to obtain statistics on size, varieties, insects, disease, use of fertilizers, production. sales. prices, expenses. and details on methods of management, and the cost of picking, and other items of labor.
This survey is being undertaken with the advice and co- operation of the Bureau of Plant Industry of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Its success will depend largely on the co- operation of the growers and their careful response to our requests for information. The individual reports will be considered strictly confidential. The statistics and results of the entire survey will be summarized in a final report.
Other small fruit crops well adapted to Harwich are straw- berries, grapes and blackberries on the uplands, and rasp- berries, currants and gooseberries on the damp lowlands. Thorough cultivation and fertilizing are essential to success, especially with the strawberries. The grapes will require little added fertility.
TREE FRUITS
All stone fruits in general prefer the lighter soils, while
70
apples and pears succeed well on heavier soils. Peaches, Japanese plums, cherries, pears and several varieties of ap- ples promise to succeed well in the lower cape. The trees yield well, and the fruit is of excellent color and quality. The trees in general should have better cultivation, and a system of cover crops should be developed. This is proba- bly the greatest single deficiency in Cape Cod orchard man- agement. It is the best system known of keeping up the fertility of the soil of the orchard. It is even more impor- tant on sandy soil than on the heavier types. The San Jose Scale and borers are two insect pests which do untold injury in Cape Cod fruit trees, while many of the growers never suspect their presence. Too little attention by far is given to pruning. Spraying is better attended to than some other orchard operations.
VEGETABLE OR TRUCK CROPS
Almost any truck crop that is grown anywhere in Massa- chusetts and as far south as Northern New Jersey can be grown successfully in Harwich. Asparagus, turnips, beans, peas, watermelons, muskmelons, tomatoes, peppers and sweet corn succeed on the sandier soil, providing it is well supplied with humus and properly fertilized. Practically any crop could be raised with irrigation. Irrigation would probably pay with any of the more intensive crops, com- monly called garden vegetables. It would probably pay also for potatoes, at least until the local markets are sup- plied.
On the lower, heavier and damp soils almost any of the above mentioned crops may be grown, also lettuce, celery, onions, cabbage and cauliflower. Many of the lowlands
71
need draining, and practically all would be improved by the addition of lime, phosphate and potash. Reclaimed salt marshes, usually produce excellent crops of vegetables.
Of the field crops, potatoes, corn, field beans, rye, buck- wheat. clover, orchard grass, red top, and fiscues promise well. Timothy yields profitably when fertilized. Alfalfa gives promise of being one of the most valuable crops for Cape Cod and the Vineyard. More trials are necessary before we can tell just where it will succeed. The results obtained without lime or innoculation seem to indicate a wide range of adaption as soon as these are supplied.
The need of hay and forage crops on the Cape is serious. Prices are fabulous and team labor is high. Improvements in hay growing have never had much attention. but hay is one of the most profitable crops in eastern agriculture. Its cultivation should be encouraged. Trials in Chatham showed an increase of at least 50 per cent. in yield of Timothy from a top dressing of 100 Nitrate of Soda and 200 of Acid Phosphate. A better formula to use would be,
150 Nitrate of Soda
150 Acid Phosphate 50 Muriate of Potash
This should be applied early as soon as growth begins in the spring. The best returns will be obtained where there is already a good stand of good varieties of grass.
SOIL IMPROVEMENT
The most important single means of improvement of the upland soils of the lower Cape is by the addition of humus or organic matter. It does not make very much difference
72
how this is supplied except in the matter of cost. The essential point is to get plenty of it there. It may be sup- plied by,
(1) Growing clover and other hay crops in rotation.
(2) Addition of stable manure.
(3) Addition of muck or peat.
(4) Addition of seaweed, hay, straw or leaves.
(5) Plowing under green crops.
This is the most important means of increasing the water-holding capacity of our sandy soils. For most farmers it is of far greater importance than irrigation, which is so much discussed.
CROP ROTATIONS
A one crop farming system, or the growing of tilled or cereal crops continuously on one field has proved disas- trous to every country and every age in which it has been tried. Even the rich, deep, black virgin soils of the prairies will not stand continuous cropping without rota- tion.
Rotations are the most conspicuous lack of the unsuccess- ful Cape farmers, and are almost always found with the successful ones. Some good rotations for the lower cape are,·
1st year, Potatoes (or other cultivated crop).
2d year, Rye. 3d year, Clover or mixed hay.
The rye to be seeded in the fall following the potatoes and the clover the following spring with the rye.
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Another rotation which has proved very successful is
1st year,
Potatoes.
2d year,
Turnips.
3d year,
Oats.
4th year,
Clover and timothy.
5th year, Hay, or replowed for potatoes.
POULTRY
The lower cape is well adapted to poultry, being cool in summer, mild in winter, and having a well drained, warm soil. Orleans already has a well developed poultry indus- try, with some of the largest duck farms in the United States. There is abundant opportunity to develop egg farms any- where on the Cape.
DAIRYING
In the interests of pure food and good health the consump- tion of milk on Cape Cod should be increased. Better care of the milk would greatly improve its quality in most cases. By raising more fodder corn, root crops, clover and alfalfa hay, it could be produced more cheaply. Here is one op- portunity to decrease the high cost of living.
AGRICULTURAL SURVEY
An agricultural survey of Barnstable County, under the direction of the Extension Department of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, and with the co-operation of Mr. Doo- little of the Faunce Demonstration Farm at Sandwich, has been started. In this survey we hope to get detailed infor- mation from every farmer, gardener, fruit grower and poul-
74
tryman, on what he is now producing, what success he has, what his methods are and what his difficulties are. This will help everyone interested to better understand and improve the agricultural interests of the country. This will give all farmers the benefit of the experience of the most successful farmers.
MARKETS
New York and Boston are the best markets in the world for almost any kind of farm products, especially for fruit, vegetables and poultry products, which are so well adapted to Cape Cod. These cities are as easily reached by rail from Cape Cod as from any other section. The night freight to Boston gives Cape growers as good an oppor- tunity to market fresh vegetables as could be desired. The rate of 21 cents per hundred adds very little to the cost of marketing and is more convenient and even less expen- sive than hauling by wagon 20 miles as is practiced by the growers around Boston.
The express rates on eggs, 35 cents per case to Boston and 55 to New York should make egg production as profit- able as anywhere in the United States.
It has been estimated by some authorities that three- fourths of the fruits and vegetables used on Cape Cod are shipped in from Boston and other outside places. Aspara- gus, turnips and strawberries are practically the only prod- ucts that the Harwich dealers buy from local growers. Practically all the potatoes, field beans, fruit and green vegetables are purchased through Boston commission men or directly from large centers of production. The Harwich markets are now fairly well supplied with some summer
75
vegetables but the prices now obtained every year for potatoes and fruit alone show an opportunity for profits which it would be hard to equal anywhere.
DEMONSTRATION AND FIELD WORK
As I have had requests for information, they have been responded to by personal visits and by correspondence. Advice has been given at every opportunity on problems of soil improvement, use of lime, seaweed, muck, green manures, crop rotation, growing alfalfa and other hay crops ; culture of potatoes, turnips, asparagus, rhubarb ; control of insects and plant diseases ; selection and feeding of chickens and laying hens, ducks, turkeys, dairy cows ; problems of poultry house construction, incubation, brooding and the control of diseases and parasites ; selection of fruits and va- rieties adapted to the Cape, problems of planting, cultiva- tion, fertilizing, pruning, control of San Jose Scale, codling moth, peach leaf curl, brown rot and scab. The following single page circulars have been prepared and distributed free of charge. The list will be added to from time to time.
1. Cutworms.
2. Plan for spraying apples and pears.
3. Plan for spraying peaches and plums.
4. Rations for laying hens.
5. Rations for growing chickens.
6. Lawns.
7. San Jose Scale.
We would be glad to receive suggestions for future cir- culars.
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A spraying demonstration in co-operation with the Faunce Demonstration Farm of Sandwich has been arranged for, and will be held some time in January.
ORGANIZATION WITH U. S. D. A.
By next July I expect to assume the duties of Field Agent of the Department of Farm Management of the Bureau of Plant Industry of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. This department will have direct supervision over all my work outside of the class-room. I will probably devote about half my time to field work, including supervision of the boys' home project.
It is hoped that all public spirited farmers who have op- portunity will try one or more of the following co-operative experiments. These are experimental only in the sense that the details have not been thoroughly worked out for all local conditions. These are lines of work that promise excellent means of improving Cape Cod farming. Many others will suggest themselves :
1. Cranberry spraying for fungus diseases.
2. Cranberry fertilizing.
3. Spraying fruit trees.
4. Pruning fruit trees.
5. Green manure crops.
6. Orchard cover crops ..
7. Fertilizing asparagus.
8. Fertilizing upland meadows.
9. Seeding alfalfa.
10. Cost accounting.
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BOYS' POTATO CLUBS
The Massachusetts State College of Agriculture will sup- ply seed potatoes to a limited amount, under special condi- tions, and offers liberal prizes for boys not over 18 years of age who grow one-fourth acre of potatoes. Details may be obtained upon application. We hope to organize one or more of these clubs on the lower cape the coming year.
FAIR CONTESTS FOR GRADE SCHOOLS
The Harwich Agricultural Association and the Barnstable County Agricultural Society are offering liberal prizes for vegetables, poultry, and other exhibits for collections of in- jurious insects and plant diseases. and for the best financial showing garden making and poultry raising contests. We are planning a campaign to interest the grade school pupils in these contests, and to render them practical assistance in the competitions.
Respectfully,
DAVID ELDER.
-
ANNUAL TOWN MEETING WARRANT 1913
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, BARNSTABLE, SS.
To Walter F. Nickerson, Constable of the Town of Eastham, in said County, GREETING :
In the name of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts you are directed to notify and warn the inhabitants of the Town of Eastham qualified to vote in election and town affairs to meet at the Town Hall in said Eastham, on Monday, the 3d day of February next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, then and there to act on the following articles, namely :
Art. 1. To choose a Moderator to preside at said meet- ing.
Art. 2. To hear the report of the Selectmen and all other reports and committees and act thereon.
Art. 3. To choose all necessary Town and State officers for the ensuing year, and to bring in your votes, Yes or No, shall license be granted for the sale of intoxicating liquors in the Town.
Art. 4. To see what sums of money the Town will raise for the Public Library and make appropriation for the same.
Art. 5. To raise such sums of money as may be neces- sary to defray Town charges for the ensuing year and make appropriations for the same.
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Art. 6. To see in what manner the Town will dispose of its refunded dog tax and act thereon.
Art. 7. To see in what manner the Town will support its poor the ensuing year.
Art. 8. To see in what manner the Town will repair its roads and bridges the ensuing year.
Art. 9. To see in what manner the Town will collect its taxes for the ensuing year.
Art. 10. To see if the Town will give the Collector of Taxes the same power which the Treasurer has when Col- lector of Taxes.
Art. 11. To see if the Town will authorize the Treasurer with the approval of the Selectmen to borrow money in anticipation of the taxes of the municipal year beginning January 1, 1913, to an amount not to exceed $6,000 (six thousand dollars ).
Art. 12. To see what action the Town will take for suppressing the gypsy and browntail moth and make ap- propriation for the same.
Art. 13. To see if the Town will instruct its Selectmen to issue permits for a term of five years to plant and grow soft shell clams on the west shore flats. (By request. )
Art. 14. To see if the Town will instruct its Selectmen in regard to a closed season on soft shell clams or do or act anything thereon. (By request.)
Art. 15. To see what action the Town will take in regard to hardening or surfacing with oil the lane leading to the house of John A. Knowles. (By request. )
Art. 16. To see if the Town will vote to make a road from the old town road near the house of Samuel F. Brack- ett, North Eastham, called the Old Camp Ground Road, run-
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ning to the west shore into a town oil road, the length of said road being 4,215 feet more or less, or do or act anything thereon. (By request.)
Art 17. To see if the Town will vote to build a concrete or oil walk at the new Town Hall, said walk to be built 14 feet wide and 45 feet long, or do or act anything concern- ing the same.
Art. 18. To see if the Town will vote to pay School Committee a salary or do or act anything thereon. (By request. )
Art. 19. To see if the Town will vote to raise and ap- propriate the sum of one hundred dollars ($100.00), said sum to be expended to crown and harden Nauset road, so called, from the State stone road to the residence of Charles Feltis, or do or act anything thereon. (By request. )
Art. 20. To see if the Town will vote to establish a compensation for a fish and game warden, in accordance with Chapter 465, Acts of 1912, or do or act anything thereon.
Art. 21. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appro- priate the sum of one hundred dollars ($100.00) to complete the stone post and iron rail fence at the cemetery near the dwelling-house of Freeman E. Knowles, or do or act any- thing thereon. (By request. )
Art. 22. To see if the Town will appropriate one thou- sand dollars ($1,000.00) for the purpose of constructing oil or tarvia roads, said appropriation to be used in connection with amounts to be received from the State Highway Com- mission and other individuals donating money for that pur- pose, and authorize the Town Treasurer to borrow not to exceed one thousand dollars to meet said appropriation.
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Art. 23. To see if the Town will appropriate two thousand dollars to meet deficiencies in the miscellaneous accounts of 1911, and the miscellaneous and poor accounts of 1912, not otherwise provided for, and authorize a loan to meet the same.
Art. 24. To see if the Town will accept the road as laid out by the Selectmen, commencing at the town road near the great rock, thence easterly over and across the land of E. E. Phillips to the town road leading to the life-saving station, or do or act anything thereon.
Art. 25. To see what further action the Town will take in regard to grading and surfacing with oil or tarvia the so- called Nanset road, commencing near the Town Hall and leading to the life-saving station, or do or act anything thereon.
And you are directed to serve this warrant by posting up attested copies thereof, one at each of the post-offices in said Eastham and one at the carpenter shop of Wilbur G. Smith, seven days at least before the time for holding said meeting. Polls will be open at ten o'clock A. M.
Hereof fail not and make due returns of this warrant with your doings thereon to the Town Clerk at the time and place of the meeting as aforesaid.
Given under our hands at Eastham this 25th day of January, 1913.
NATHAN P. CLARK,
HERBERT M. SULLIVAN, CLARINGTON SMITH,
Selectmen of Eastham.
EASTHAM PUBLIC LIBRARY
EASTHAM PUBLIC LIBRARY 0 2600 0073565 4
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