USA > Maryland > Washington County > Hagerstown > A history of Washington County, Maryland from the earliest settlements to the present time, including a history of Hagerstown > Part 9
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A subaltern and 30 men are to be left behind with a proper number of tents which will be carried for them; these men are to have six days Provisions.
The General's Guard is not to be relieved to- morrow but proper centrys are to be found froni the 30 inen ordered to remain.
Frederick, Monday, April 28, 1755. Parole-Deventry.
The Detachment of sailors and the Provost Mar- shalls Guard consisting of one Sergeant, one Corporal and 10 men to march with Colo. Dunbar's Regiment tomorrow morning and to make the rear guard.
To Captn Gates, 28th April, 1755.
You are directed by his Excellency, Genl. Brad- dock, to proceed with your Company to Conogogee where you are to act as a covering party for the Magazines and you are to remain there till further orders, unless all the Stores, Ammunition, &c., should be come up from Rock Creek and forwarded to Wills Creek, in that case you are to join the General at Wills Creek as soon as possible. You are to give all possible assistance and use your utmost endeavors in transporting the several Stores, Ammunition, Pro- vision &c., to Wills Creek with the utmost expedition. Whilst you remain at Conogogee you are to send a
Sergeant or Corporal with such of your men as are to be trusted with all the waggons which arrive at that place from Rock Creek, allowing one man to each waggon, and you are send them immediately back to Rock Creek for more stores till you shall be informed from the officers there that everything is sent up.
To Ensign French at Rock Creek, 28th April, 1755. You are ordered by his Excellency Genl. Brad- dock to forward with all expedition the Ammunition, Stores, &c. at Rock Creek to Mr. Cresap, Conogogee, taking care to send the Ammunition Train, Stores, &c. first, then the Hospital Stores and salt fish, You are not to wait for the Beeves but as soon as the aforementioned things are gone up you will move with your party and join the Regiment at Wills Creek agreeable to the following march route; as you will find Provisions very scarce on the Road you must take with you as many days of salt Pro- visions as the men can carry: Miles. 15
From Rock Creek to Owens Ordy
To Dowdens 15
To Frederick
On the Road to Conogogee
15
To Conogogee 17
To John Evan's 16
18
To Widow Baringer's 18
To Geo. Polle's 9
To Henry Enock's 15
To Mr. Cox's 12
To Colo Cresaps 8
To Wills Creek 16
Total 174
You must if you should find it necessary, take with you Guides from place to place and make such halts as you shall find absolutely necessary being careful not to lose any time. If the Waggons should come in very slowly make your application to the Civil Officers and if that should not succeed send Parties to fetch in any Waggons you shall hear off. Inform Lieut. Breerton of the March Route and cell him it is the General's orders that he make all im- aginable dispatch. As soon as the Paymaster arrives he must also victual his men when the last stores of all kinds which are to be sent and dismissed at
50
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD
to the other and to Fort Cumberland, and in ease of alarm to receive the neighboring families into their protection." The Governor was enabled to build these Forts and maintain their garrisons with money raised by voluntary subscriptions made by citizens of Frederick, ineluding Washington County. Those who trusted to this protection however, had bitter eause to regret it. For no sooner was Braddoek's army out of the way than marauding bands of Indians descended upon the settlers and deeds of horror such as have already been described, were perpetrated night after night. No one knew, upon retiring to rest at night, that he would not be murdered and sealped in his bed
before morning. The people before long were seiz- ed with an universal terror and began abandoning their homes and fleeing almost naked aeross the mountains to places of safety. Not one white man was left beyond the little forts on the Tonolaway. Even the brave Cressap had abandoned his hunting place on the upper Potomae and had taken refuge along with his son Michael, in Fort Cressap in Long Meadows. Many perished by the tomahawk. These were among the most fortunate. It was those who were carried into captivity or reserved for torture whose fate and whose sufferings under the torments devised with diabolieal ingenuity and inflicted with the feroeity and remorselessness of
Rock Creek. You are to send a letter to Captain Gates at Conogogee informing him of it. The hand bar- rows and wheel barrows of the train except 6 of each are to be left behind all but the wheels and iron work which are to be forwarded.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Saturday May 10, 1755. Parole-Connecticut,
Mr. Washington is appointed Aid de Camp to His Excellency Genl. Braddock.
Field officer for tomorrow, Major Sparke.
The articles of war are to be read tomorrow morning at which time the servants, women and followers of the army are to attend with the respec- tive corps and companies that they belong to. The two independent companies and Rangers to receive three days provisions tomorrow.
For the General's Guard 48th Regiment. Col. Dunbar's Regiment to relieve the Fort Guard imme- diately and the Fort Guard is to march to Fraziers as a Grass guard and to be relieved every 48 hours. Captn. Pilson's Company of Carpenters is to sead one corporal and 6 men with their tools and to mane such fences as the officer of the Grass Guard shall think proper. The Virginia and Maryland Rangers and the Company of Carpenters to settle their men's accts. immediately giving them credit for what ar- rears &c are due and they are for the future to be subsisted regularly twice a week as the rest of the troops are.
A return to be given in tomorrow morning of the strength of each of the Regiments by Companys, the return to be signed by the commanding officer of each Corps the Independent Companys, Virginia and Maryland Rangers and the troop of Light Horse are also to send in a Return tomorrow morning of their strength, which return is to be signed by the captain or officer comanding each company, and to be given in separately.
The General has fixed the hour for his Levy, from 10 till 11 in the forenoon every Day.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Sunday, May 11, 1755. Parol-Albany.
Field Officer tomorrow, Lt. Col. Burton. The Generals Guard 44th Regmt.
A return to be sent in of the numbers of men
who understand the springing of rocks and those men that are fitt are to be told that they will receive proper encouragement all the troops are to begin their field days. Powder may be had from the train by applying for it and each man is to have 12 rounds for every field day.
A Return is to be given in tomorrow morning at orderly time of the Recruits of the Whole Army setting forth their age, size, country and occupation. One Sargeant and 6 men from piquet to attend dur- ing the time of Marketting to prevent Disputes and if any should happen he is to apply to the Captain of the Piquet he belongs to. This duty to be done alternately. All provision brought into camp to be settled according to a settled rule, a copy of which will be given to the troops by the Major of Brigade and no person bringing provisions shall presume to ask more nor shall anybody offer less for goo .. and wholesome meat.
The 48th Regiment is to receive their Days pro- visions tomorrow at 10 o'clock.
After Orders.
All the outguards to be relieved to-morrow morn- ing and parade at 5 o'clock.
Evening Orders.
It is His Excellency's General Braddock's orders that no officer, soldier or others give the Indians, men, women or children any rum, other liquor or money upon any account whatever.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Monday May 12, 1755. Parole-Boston.
Field Officer to-morrow, Majr. Sparke. The Gen- eral's Guard 48th Regiment.
Whereas Capt. Poulson, one of the Virginia Com- pany of Carpenters desired a Court Martial to en- quire into his Character, having been accused of being in arms in the late Rebellion in Scotland, His Excellency has been informed that the accusations is scandalous and groundless; if therefore any person whatever can prove Captn Poulson to have been in the late Rebellion they are desired immediately to send their accusation to the General; if not His Excellency entirely frees him from any imputation of that kind and desires that no reflections for the future may be thrown on Captn. Poulson on that acct.
51
OF WASHINGTON COUNTY, MARYLAND.
demons, whose fate most exeites our pity. Death came to these as a welcome deliverance. Its worst horrors were pleasant compared with the lingering tortures which preceded it. Some who were ear- ried into captivity eseaped and returned to their homes after years of suffering. Some who fled from these horrors did not stop their flight until they had reached Baltimore, and the people of Annapolis were greatly alarmed and many were preparing to get on board ship and sail for England. A writer in the Mary- land Gazette insisted that Annapolis was the place which the Indians would be most likely to attaek and that if it were not immediately fortified he
advised all who valued their lives or the lives of their wives and children to abandon the desolate and infatuated place with all speed as even then they could not go to bed in safety, it being prob- able that the enemy would burn their houses and cut their throats while they were sunk in sleep. Such publications did not tend to allay the public alarm and when some parties of Indians penctrated to within thirty iniles of Baltimore the terror of the people was extreme. All through the year 1756 the terrible work of butchery went on. Women and children were intercepted whenever they ventured abroad until finally the whole pop- ulation cither left or retired, during the summer,
After Orders.
A General Court Martial to sit immediately at the President's tent, it is to consist of one field offi- cer, 6 captains and 6 subaltans.
MAJOR SPARKE, President. MR. SHIRLEY, Judge Advocate.
His Excellency has thought proper to Brigade the Army in the following manner and they are for the future to encamp accordingly.
First Brigade Commanded by Sir Peter Halket.
Complement Effective
44th Regiment of Foot 700 700
Capt. Rutherfords Independent
ent Compy. of New York.
100
95
Capt. Gales Independent Compy.
of New York 100
95
Capt. Polson's Carpenters 50
48
Capt. Peronnee's Virginia Rangers 50
47
Capt. Wagner's Virginia Rangers. 50
45
Capt. Dagworthys Maryland Rangers 50
49
Second Brigade Commanded by Colonel Dunbar. 48th Regiment of Foot 700 650
Capt. Demerie's , South Detachment
Carolina
100 97
Capt. Dobbs North Carolina Rangers -100 80
Capt.Mercer Company of Carpenters 50 35
Capt. Stevens' Virginia Rangers .. 50
48
Capt. Hogg's Virginia Rangers .... 50 40
Capt. Cox's Virginia Rangers. 50 43
Any soldier or follower of the Army who shall stop anyone bringing in provisions or forage to the Camp shall immediately suffer death.
No outpost to march from or to Camp with beat of drum nor is any beat of drum to beat before the Troop unless when any of the Troops are out at exercise, and of which they are to acquaint the General the night before through one of his Aid de Camps.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Tuesday, 13th May, 1755. Parole-Charleston.
Field Officer for to-morrow Lt. Col. Burton. For the General's Guard, 44th Regiment.
The Quartermaster's Camp colour men and pio- neers of the two Regiments with 2 of the Independ- ent Companies with proper tools for clearing the ground in the Front, to parade at 5 o'clock in the
evening at the head of the 48th Regiment aud to remain there for the Field Officer of the Day's orders. The Picquetts are to lay advanced and to remain att their parade till they receive the Field Officer's orders. Each of the two Regiments to send 6 tents to the companies in each Brigade and also to send 6 tents each for the men of their advanced Picquets. The Centrys on the advanced Picquetts not to suffer anybody to pass unquestioned after sun set.
The Picquett returns at 6 o'clock in the morn- ing.
The quarter Guard of Sir Peter Halkett's Regi- ment for the future to be posted on the right flank. Camp at Fort Cumberland, Wednesday 14, May 1755.
Parole-Dumfries.
Field Officer to-morrow Lt. Col. Burton. The General's Guard 48th Regiment.
The General Court Martial is dissolved. Luke Woodward, soldier in the 48th Regiment, commanded by Col. Dunbar, having been tried for desertion by a general Court Martial whereof Maj. Wm. Sparke was President, is by sentence of that Court Martial adjudged to suffer death. His Excellency Genl. Brad- dock has approved the sentence but has been pleased to pardon him.
Thomas Connelly, James Fitzgerald and James Hughes, Soldiers of the 48th Regiment and tryed for theft by the said Court Martial whereof Maj. Sparke was President, are by the sentence of the s'd Court Martial to suffer the following punishment:
Thomas Connelly, one thousand; James Fitzger- ald, eight hundred; James Hughes, eight hundred, Lashes att the Head of the Line. Also that they be obliged to make satisfaction for the Kegg of Beer stolen by them to the value of 33 shillings Maryland Cury, and that proper stoppages be made out of their pay by their officers for that purpose. His Excellency has approved the sentence but has been pleased to remit 100 lashes from the punishment of Connelly and 200 from each of the other two. Con- nelly is to receive 900 lashes at 3 different times, 300 each time. James Fitzgerald and James Hughes are to receive 600 lashes each at two different times, 300 lashes each time. The 48th Regiment to send the Drummers to the head of ye line, to put the sentence in Execution, the first time of punishment to be to-
52
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD
to the Forts and went in armed companies to eul- tivate their fields. About this time the "Gazette" published at Annapolis was filled with aeeounts of the atrocities of the Indians. "Our accounts." it said, "from the westward are truly alarming. All the slaughters, scalpings, burnings and every other barbarity and mischief that the Mongrel French, Indians, and their chieftain, the Devil, can invent, are often perpetrated there. and ap- proach us nigher and nigher. By a person come to town this day from Frederick County, we are told that last Sunday two boys, near Lawrence Wilson's, in that County. were killed and scalped and a son of one Mr. Lynn was found dead and
scalped, himself and three more of his family missing. At the Little Cove all the houses were burnt last weck. The house of Ralf Matson, about half a mile from Stodderd's fort, was burnt of: Tuesday last week. Some sheep which were in a pen near the house, the Indians flung in the fire alive, others they killed and some they sealped."
On the 11th of March 1756, Isaac Baker wrote to the Gazette from Conococheague, "On our march to Toonaloways about five miles this side of Stod- derd's Fort, we found John Myers' house in flames and 9 or 10 head of large cattle killed, besides calves and several horses and sheep. About three miles and a half further up the road, we found a
morrow morning at troop beating. The two Pic- quetts formed from the Independent Companies of Virginia and Maryland Rangers to consist of one captain, 2 subalterns, 2 sargeants, 2 corporals and 38 centinals.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Tuesday 15th May, 1775. Parole-Portsmouth.
Field Officer to-morrow Maj. Sparke. For the Generals Guard 44th Regiment.
The officers who were ordered to get themselves ready to go with the paymaster are Could.
One Subaltern, 1 Sergt, 1 Corpl and 30 Cent'l to march this evening to Mr. Martin's where the troop of Light Horse graze, the men to take tents with them and provisions for 3 days, the officer to receive his orders from Capt. Stuart of the Light Horse; this guard to be relieved every 3rd day.
One Sergt., one Corpl. and 12 men to parade att the Fort Guard this day at 12 o'clock M.
The Surgeant is to receive his orders from Capt. Orme.
After Orders.
The Subaltern's Guard that was ordered to march to Martin's is countermanded.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Friday 16, May 1755. Parole-Winchester.
Field Officer to-morrow Lt. Col. Gage.
For the General's Guard 44th Regiment.
Any Indian Trader, soldier, follower of the Army, who shall dare to give liquor to any of the Indians or shall receive or purchase from them any of their presents made to them by His Majesty through His Excellency Gen. Braddock, shall suffer the severest punishment a Court Martial can inflict.
There will be a public Congress of the Indians tomorrow at 12 o'clock at the General's Tent.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Saturday 17th May 1775. Parole-Eskaw.
The Congress of Indians mentioned in yesterday's orders is put off.
Field Officer to-morrow Lt. Col. Burton.
The General's Guard 48th Regiment.
The two Regiments, the Independent Compy's, the Company of Carpenters, the Virginia and Mary- land Company of Rangers and the troop of Light
Horse are to send immediately to Mr. Lake, Commis- sary of provisions a separate return of the number of persons they each of them draw provisions for, this return to be signed by the commanders of the two Regiments and by the Captains or officers com- manding the Independent Companys, &c. The form of this return is sent to the Brigade Major and is to be given in regularly every 8 Days.
His Excellency expects wiat this order will be punctually obeyed, as the Commissary will not be able to provide a proper quantity of provisions for the army unless he has the above return sent to him regularly.
One Subaltern, one bergt, 1 Corporal and 30 men to mount as a guard on the Artillery. They are to parade this afternoon at 5 o'clock and to be re- lieved every 48 hours.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Sunday May 18th, 1755. Parole-Farnham.
There will be a public Congress of the Indians this day at 12 o'clock at the General's Tent.
Field Officer to-morrow Maj. Sparke.
For the Genls Guard 44th Regt.
One Corporal and 8 men of the line to attend the engineer in surveying; they are to parade at 9 o'clock.
Each Regiment, Independent Company, &c. in the making up of their cartridges are to allow 36 rounds of ball to 1 Mb of powder, and for field days or exercise they are to allow 46 with or without ball.
Six women per company are allowed to each of the two Regiments and the Independent Companys; four women to each of the Company of Carpenters, Virginia and Maryland Rangers, 5 women to the troop of Light Horse, as many to the detachment of Seamen and 5 to the detachment of Artillery.
His Excellency expect that this order shall be punctually complied with as no more Provisions will be allowed to be drawn for than for the above num- ber of women.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Monday 19th of May, 1775. Parole-Guilford. Field Officer to-morrow Lt. Col. Gage.
For the General's Guard 44th Regiment.
Each Brigade to send a man to the Gen'l. Hos- pital as Orderly who are to receive and obey the
53
OF WASHINGTON COUNTY, MARYLAND.
man (one Hynes) killed and sealped, with one arm cut off and several arrows stieking in him; we could not bury him, having no tools with us for that purpose. Half a mile further ( within a mile of Stodderd's Fort) we found Ralf Matson's house burnt down and several sheep and hogs kill- ed. When we came to Stodderd's Fort, we found them all under arms, expecting every minute to be attacked. From thenee we went to Combs' Fort where we found a young man about 22 years of age killed and scalped; there were only four men in this Fort, two of which were unable to bear arms, but upwards of forty women and child- ren, who were in a very poor situation, being afraid
to go out of the Fort even for a drink of water. The house caught fire during the time the Indians were surrounding the Fort and would have been burnt down, but luckily there were some soap suds in the house, by which they extinguished it. The young man mentioned above was one Lynn's son, and was sitting on the fence of the stockyard with one Combes' son, when they discovered the In- dians, upon which they ran to get into the Fort, and before they reached it Lynn's son was shot down, and an Indian pursued the other with a tomahawk within thirty yards of the Fort, but he luckily got into the Fort and shot the Indian. We searched the woods to see if we could diseover
orders of Doctr. Napper, Director of the 2nd Hos- pital.
All troops are to act with the Director of the Hospital once in three months or as soon after as can be, for stoppages at the rate of 5 pence stirl'g per day, for every man that is admitted into the Gen'l Hospital; this stoppage to commence from the 24th day off May ensuing.
As soon as the Retreat has been beat this night the Drum Majr. of each of the two Regiments are to march with the Drummers and Drummers to the Head of the Artillery when they will receive orders.
After Orders.
A Return to be given into the Brigade Major to-morrow at orderly time of the number of Smiths and Carpenters that are in the two Regiments, Inde- pendent Companies, &c.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Tuesday May 20, 1755. Parole-Hendon. Field Officer to-morrow Lt. Col. Burton.
For the General's Guard 48th Regmt.
One Subaltern, one Sergt, 1 Corpl. and 24 men to parade to-morrow morning at 5 o'clock. They are to have 3 days provisions with them and the officer is to receive his orders this night from Sir John St. Clair.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Wedn'day 21 of May, 1755
Parole-Ilchester,
Field Officer tomorrow Maj. Chapman. The General's Guard 44th Regmt.
No soldier that is employed as a Baker by Mr. Lake Commissary of Provisions is to be put upon any duty whatsoever till further orders.
It is His Excellency's orders that no Sutler give any liquor to the Indians on any account. If anyone does he will be severely punished.
The Provost is to go his rounds every day through at the roads leading to the Camp. Every soldier or woman that he shall meet with on the other side of the River, or beyond the advanced Picquets without a pass from the Regiment or from the officer commanding the company to which they belong, he is to order his executioner to tye them up and give them 50 lashes and to march them pris- oners through the Camp to expose them.
One gill of spirits mixed with 3 gills of water may be allowed each man per day, which the officers of the picquet are to see delivered out every day at 11 o'clock any settler that shall seil any spirits to the soldiers without an officer being present shall be sent to the Provost.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Thursday May 22d, 1755. Parole-Kensington.
Field Officer Majr. Sparke.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Friday, May 23, 1755. Parole-Lincoln. Field Officer tomorrow Majr. Chapman. For the Genl's Guard 44th Regt.
A General Court Martial to sit tomorrow morn- ing at 8 o'clock at the General's tent to consist of 1 Field Officer, 6 Captains, 6 Subalterns.
LT. COL. GAGE, President. MR. SHIRLEY, Judge Advocate.
If any officer, soldier or follower of the Army shall dare to give any strong liquor or money to the Indian men or women, if an officer he shall be brought to a General Court Martial for disobedience of orders; if a non commissioned officer, soldier or follower of the Army he shall receive 250 lashes without a Court Martial.
Camp at Fort Cumberland, Sat'dy 24th of May, 1755. Parole-Monmouth.
Field Officer to-morrow, Lt. Col. Burton. For the General's Guard 48th Regmt. Camp at Fort Cumberland, May 25, 1755.
Parole-Norwich.
Field Officer to-morrow, Maj. Sparke.
For the General's Guard 44th Regmt.
If any non-commissioned officer or soldier be- longing to the Army is found gaming he shall im- mediately receive 300 lashes without being brought to Court Martial, and all standers by or lookers on shall be deemed principals and treated as such,
One Capt., 1 Lieut., 1 Ensign and 70 men of the 2 Brigades to parade immediately at the Fort. They are to take tents and ten days' provisions with them. The captain is to receive his orders from Sir John St. Clair.
A general Court Martial of the Line to sit to-mor- row to try Lt. McLead of the Royal Regiment of
54
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD
where the Indian was buried (as they supposed him to be mortally wounded), we found in two places a great quantity of blood, but could not find the body. We saw several creatures, some dead and others going about with arrows sticking in them. About half a mile on this side Mr. Ken- ny's (in little Toonaloways) we found a load of oats and a load of turnips in the road, which two boys were bringing to Combes', and it is imagined the boys are carried off by the Indians. When we came to Mr. Kenny's we saw several sheep and cattle killed. From thence we went to one Low- thers'. about two miles further, where he found his grain and two calves burnt, two cows and nine or ten hogs killed, and about 150 yards from the
house found Lowther dead and scalped, and other- wise terribly mangled ; his brains were beat out, as it is supposed, with his own gun barrel, which we found stieking in his skull and his gun broken ; there was an axe, two scythes and several arrows sticking in him. From here we returned to Combes' and buried the young man and left ten of our men here to assist them to secure their grain, which, as soon as they have done, they pro- pose to leave that Fort and go to Stodderd's. From hence we went to Stoddert's Fort where we laid on Friday night,and yesterday, on our way down here, we buried the man we left on the road."
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