USA > Maryland > Leading Events of Maryland History: With Topical Analyses, References, and questions for original thought and research, revised and enlarge > Part 26
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CHARTER OF THE PROVINCE OF MARYLAND
in Fee-Simple or Fee-tail, or otherwise, as to them and the now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, shall seem expedient; the Statute made in the Parliament of Lord EDWARD, son of King HENRY, late King of England, our Progenitor, commonly called the " STATUTE QUIA EMP- TORES TERRARUM," heretofore published in our Kingdom of England, or any other Statute, Act, Ordinance, Usage, Law, or Custom, or any other Thing, Cause or Matter, to the contrary thereof, heretofore had, done, pub- lished, ordained or provided to the contrary thereof notwithstanding.
XIX. WE, also, by these Presents, do give and grant License to the same Baron of BALTIMORE, and to his Heirs, to erect any Parcels of Land within the PROVINCE aforesaid, into Manors, and in every of those Manors, to have and to hold a Court-Baron, and all Things which to a Court-Baron do belong ; and to have and to keep View of Frank-Pledge, for the Conservation of the Peace and better Government of those Parts, by themselves and their Stewards, or by the Lords, for the Time being to be deputed, of other of those Manors. when they shall be constituted, and in the same to exercise all Things to the View of Frank-Pledge belonging.
XX. AND FURTHER WE will, and do, by these Presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, covenant and grant to, and with the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, that WE, our Heirs, and Successors, at no Time hereafter, will impose, or make or cause to be imposed, any. Impo- sitions, Customs, or other Taxations, Quotas or Contributions whatsover, in or upon the Residents or Inhabitants of the PROVINCE aforesaid for their Goods, Lands, or Tenements within the same PROVINCE, or upon any Tenements, Lands, Goods or Chattels within the Province aforesaid, or in or upon any Goods or Merchandizes within the PROVINCE aforesaid, or within the Ports or Harbours of the said PROVINCE, to be laden or unladen : And WE Will and do, for US, our Heirs and Successors, enjoin and command that this our Declaration shall, from Time to Time, be received and allowed in all our Courts and Prætorian Judicatories, and before all the Judges whatsoever of US, our Heirs and Successors, for a sufficient and lawful Discharge, Payment, and Acquittance thereof, charging all and singular the Officers and Ministers of US, our Heirs and Successors, and enjoining them, under our heavy Dis- pleasure, that they do not at any Time presume to attempt any Thing to the contrary of the Premisses, or that may in any wise contravene the same, but that they, at all Times, as is fitting, do aid and assist the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, and the aforesaid Inhabitants and Merchants of the PROVINCE of MARYLAND aforesaid, and their Servants and Ministers, Factors and Assigns, in the fullest Use and Enjoyment of this our CHARTER.
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LEADING EVENTS OF MARYLAND HISTORY
XXI. AND FURTHERMORE WE WILL, and by these Presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do grant unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTI- MORE, his Heirs and Assigns, and to the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the said PROVINCE, both present and to come, and to every of them, that the said PROVINCE, and the Freeholders or Inhabitants of the said Colony or Country, shall not henceforth be held or reputed a member or Part of the Land of Vir- ginia, or of any other Colony already transported, or hereafter to be transported, or be dependent on the same, or subordinate in any kind of Government, from which WE do separate both the said PROVINCE, and Inhabitants thereof, and by these Presents do WILL to be distinct, and that they may be immediately subject to our Crown of England, and dependent on the same for ever.
XXII. AND if, peradventure, hereafter it may happen, that any Doubts or Questions should arise concerning the true Sense and Meaning of any Word, Clause, or Sentence, contained in this our present CHARTER, WE will, · charge and command, THAT Interpretation to be applied, always, and in all Things, and in all our Courts and Judicatories whatsoever, to obtain which shall be judged to be the more beneficial, profitable, and favourable to the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns: PROVIDED always, that no Interpretation thereof be made, whereby God's holy and true Christian Religion, or the Allegiance due to US, our Heirs and Successors, may in any wise suffer by Change, Prejudice, or Diminution; although express Mention be not made in these Presents of the true yearly Value or Certainty of the Premisses, or any Part thereof, or of other Gifts and Grants made by US, our Heirs and Predecessors, unto the said now Lord BALTIMORE, or any Statute, Act, Ordinance, Provision, Proclamation or Restraint, heretofore had, made, published, ordained or provided, or any other Thing, Cause, or Matter whatsoever, to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding.
XXIII. IN WITNESS whereof WE have caused these our Letters to be made Patent. WITNESS OURSELF at Wesminister, the Twentieth Day of June, in the Eighth Year of our Reign.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
First List
The following are suggested as forming an excellent supplementary list of books obtainable at comparatively small expense. There are definite references to most of these works throughout this book, and their use-in the schoolroom would add greatly to the interest and value of the study. The prices in all cases are publishers' list ; and from these, discounts can usually be obtained, either from the publishers or dealers.
MARYLAND: THE HISTORY OF A PALATINATE. Revised Edition. By William Hand Browne. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston. $1.25. pp. 381. This is the most valuable single book for the schoolroom.
MARYLAND AS A PROPRIETARY PROVINCE. By Newton D Mereness. The Macmillan Company. New York, 1901. $3.00 net. pp. 530. A very valuable book ; contains the charter of the province and bibliography.
THE LORDS BALTIMORE AND THE MARYLAND PALATINATE. By Clayton Colman Hall. John Murphy Co. Baltimore, 1902. $1.25. pp. 216. Six lectures delivered at the Johns Hopkins University ; interesting and valuable for the schoolroom.
GEORGE AND CECILIUS CALVERT. By William Hand Browne, in series, " Makers of America." Dodd, Mead & Co. New York. $1.00. pp. 181. An interesting and critical account of the first two Barons Baltimore.
MCSHERRY'S HISTORY OF MARYLAND. Edited and continued by B. B. James. The Baltimore Book Co. Baltimore. $3.50. pp. 420. A very use- ful book for schools.
HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. By Henry William Elson. The Mac- millan Co. New York. $1.75.
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. By J. B. Bassett. The Macmillan Company. New York, 1913. $2.50.
RIVERSIDE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. Edited by W. E. Dodd. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston, 1915. 4 Vols. $1.25 a vol.
OLD VIRGINIA AND HER NEIGHBORS. By John Fiske. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston. $4.00. 2 Vols. pp. 318 and 421. Valuable for its lucid and entertaining style, and for containing the history of the sister colonies, Virginia and Carolina. It is also very useful for the excellent account of the life of the people in colonial times.
MEN, WOMEN AND MANNERS IN COLONIAL TIMES. By Sydney George Fisher. The J. B. Lippincott Co. Philadelphia. $1.80 net. 2 Vols.
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PP. 391 and 393. 104 pages in Vol. II are given to an interesting account of Maryland. Like Fiske's Old Virginia and Her Neighbors it contains much other material useful both in the history of Maryland and the history of the United States.
THE BEGINNERS OF A NATION. By Edward Eggleston. D. Appleton & Co. New York. $1.50. Pages 220-265 are devoted to Maryland ; the author takes the less favorable view of the Calvert policy of toleration, but the account is a careful summary.
THE COLONIAL CAVALIER, OR SOUTHERN LIFE BEFORE THE REVOLUTION. By Maud Wilder Goodwin. Little, Brown & Co. Boston. $2.00. An ex- cellent account of the life of the people of Maryland and Virginia in colonial times. Probably no more suitable book for the schoolroom, on this subject, is obtainable; it is valuable in classes studying United States history as well as in those studying Maryland.
OUR CITY, STATE, AND NATION. By Allan Will. Meyer and Thalheimer. Baltimore, 1913.
Additional Works
For teachers and others who desire to make a more thorough study of Maryland history the following works are suggested. It is hardly necessary to say that the list is not exhaustive. Books that are out of print can some- times be purchased from second-hand dealers, and in most cases may be con- sulted at the large libraries. Perhaps few will care to study the entire list, but it is extended in order that information may be readily obtained on any particular phase of the subject desired. A few useful works of fiction are included.
CHRONICLES OF COLONIAL MARYLAND. By James Walter Thomas. The Baltimore Book Co. Baltimore. $5.00. Contains an elaborate map of St. Mary's and vicinity in the early days.
HISTORICAL VIEW OF THE GOVERNMENT OF MARYLAND. By John V. L. McMahon. The Cushing Co. Baltimore. $2.50.
THE FURNITURE OF OUR FOREFATHERS (VOL. I, VIRGINIA AND THE SOUTH). By Esther Singleton. Doubleday, Page & Co. New York. $2.00. 'Complete in eight parts, $16.00.) The work contains numerous handsome plates and an inventory of the possessions of Governor Leonard Calvert.
HISTORY OF MARYLAND (to 1658). By John Leeds Bozman. 2 Vols. Out of print. An exhaustive work.
FOUNDERS OF MARYLAND, and TERRA MARIA. By E. D. Neill. Both out of print.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
HISTORY OF MARYLAND (to 1880). By J. Thomas Scharf. Three large vol- umes. Out of print. This is the most extensive work on Maryland history. Unfortunately, it is not always critical. One extremely valuable feature of the work is frequent and lengthy quotations from letters, pamphlets, and other original documents.
CHRONICLES OF BALTIMORE. By J. Thomas Scharf. Out of print.
STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF EARLY MARYLAND. By Theodore C. Gam- brall. Out of print.
THE ANCIENT CITY. (A history of Annapolis.) By Elihu S. Riley. Annapolis. $1.50.
MARYLAND: ITS RESOURCES, INDUSTRIES, AND INSTITUTIONS. Prepared by members of the Johns Hopkins University and others in 1893, for the Maryland Board of Managers of the World's Fair.
The admirable series of Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science contains a number of valuable works on Maryland history. A complete list may be obtained by addressing the Johns Hopkins Press, Bal- timore. The following numbers will be found especially useful : -
OLD MARYLAND MANORS. By J. H. Johnson. First Series, vii. 30c.
MARYLAND'S INFLUENCE UPON LAND CESSIONS TO THE UNITED STATES. By Herbert B. Adams. Third Series, i. 75c.
EARLY RELATIONS OF MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA. By J. H. Latane. Thirteenth Series, iii and iv. 50C.
CAUSES OF THE MARYLAND REVOLUTION OF 1689. By Francis E. Sparks. Fourteenth Series, xi and xii. 50c.
LIFE AND ADMINISTRATION OF SIR ROBERT EDEN. By Bernard C. Steiner. Sixteenth Series, vii-ix. $1.00.
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO CANAL PROJECT. By George W. Ward. Seventeenth Series, ix, x, and xi. 75c.
GOVERNOR HICKS OF MARYLAND AND THE CIVIL WAR. By G. L. Rad- cliffe. Nineteenth Series, xi-xii. 50c.
BEGINNINGS OF MARYLAND. By Bernard C. Steiner. Twenty-first Series, viii-x. 75c.
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Publications of the Maryland Historical Society
A list of these valuable works may be obtained by addressing the Librarian. Athenaum Building, Baltimore, Maryland. The following are especially suggested : -
Fund Publications - 37 Numbers
2. THE FIRST COMMANDER OF KENT ISLAND. By S. F. Streeter. 44 PP. 75c.
7. NARRATIVE OF A VOYAGE TO MARYLAND. By Father Andrew White. 128 pp. $2.00.
15. A CHARACTER OF THE PROVINCE OF MARYLAND. By George Alsop. (Originally published in 1666.) $5.00.
18. FOUNDATION OF MARYLAND AND ORIGIN OF THE ACT CONCERNING RELIGION. By Bradley T. Johnson. 210 pp. $2.00.
21. MARYLAND IN LIBERIA. By J. H. B. Latrobe. 128 pp. $1.50.
23. THE GREAT SEAL OF MARYLAND. By Clayton C. Hall. Four plates. $1.25.
36. EARLY MARYLAND POETRY. Ed. by B. C. Steiner. Two plates. $1.25.
Very interesting and valuable also are the selections from the Calvert Papers found in numbers 28, 34, and 35.
About forty volumes of the Archives of Maryland have been published. They embrace proceedings of the General Assembly (from 1637), of the ex- ecutive council (from 1636), and of the provincial court (from 1637); the correspondence of Governor Horatio Sharpe ; and papers relating to the Rev- olutionary War. The price per volume is $2.50 in paper, $3.00 in cloth, except Vol. XVIII (Muster Rolls of the Revolution), which is $5.00.
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. Quarterly since 1906. Many docu- ments.
Fiction
RICHARD CARVEL. By Winston Churchill. The Macmillan Company. New York. $1.50.
A MARYLAND MANOR. By Frederick Emory. F. A. Stokes & Co. New York. $1.50. THE TOWER OF WYE. BY W. H. Babcock. Henry T. Coates & Co. Philadelphia. $1.50.
KENT FORT MANOR. By W. H. Babcock. Henry T. Coates & Co. Philadelphia. $1.00.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
SIR CHRISTOPHER. By Maud Wilder Goodwin. Little, Brown & Co. Boston. $1.50.
MISTRESS BRENT. By Lucy M. Thruston. Little, Brown & Co. Boston. $1.50.
JACK AND HIS ISLAND. By Lucy M. Thruston. Little, Brown & Co. Boston. $1.20 net.
ROB OF THE BOWL. By John P. Kennedy. Out of print.
KENNEDY SQUARE : A ROMANCE OF OLD BALTIMORE. By F. Hopkinson Smith. Charles Scribner's Sons. New York. $1.50.
Periodical Literature
Many useful and interesting magazine articles may be found by consulting Poole's Index to Periodical Literature.
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The numbers refer to pages. The topics printed in black type are especially intended for review references, making it possible to trace certain movements or developments.
Abolitionists, 168 Agriculture, the sole occupation in early Maryland, 21, 63-64 methods in colonial times, 100-101 at the present time, 186-187 Agriculture, State Board of, 196, 201
Altona, 53 American Colonization Society, 167 Amusements in colonial times, 107-108 Annapolis, settlement of, 41
becomes capital of Maryland, 62 character in early days, 64, 102
center of gayety and fashion, 107-108
capital of the United States, 129
Washington surrenders his commission in State House at, 129-130 loses representation in House of Dele- gates, 162 Anne Arundel county formed and named, 41 Antietam, battle of, 177 Aquarian products of Maryland, in the prov- ince, 19, 63 in the state, 188-189 Archives of the province, 214 Ark and Dove, 14
Armistead, Major, in command of Fort McHenry, 150 monument to, 208
Art galleries, 206
Articles of Confederation, first Constitution of the United States, 135
Maryland refuses to adopt, at first, 135-136 adopted by Maryland, 137 prove unsatisfactory, 138 supplanted by the Constitution, 139
Assembly, legislative, the first, 19 of 1638, not representative, proxies, 20
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Assembly, legislative, continued of 1639, made representative, 31 made bicameral, 32, 49 houses engage in controversy, 58, 72, 82 votes gift of 100,000 pounds of tobacco to second proprietary, 58
asserts popular rights at time of the Revolu- tion, 85
General Assembly of state established, 94 sessions made biennial, 163 under Constitution of 1867, 183 Attorney-general of Maryland, 183 Augusta Carolina, 17 becomes St. Mary's county, 22 Australian ballot, 185
Avalon, 5
Baltimore city, founded, 72 Germans immigrate to, 74 rapid growth of, 102 capital of the United States, 119 leads in fitting out privateers in the Revo- lution, 129 zeal and patriotism in the War of 1812, 146 threatened by the British, 147 attacked by the British, 149-153
called the " Monumental City," 157, 208 Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company formed in, 158
terminal of first electric telegraph line, 162 representation in House of Delegates, 162, 183
Sixth Massachusetts regiment mobbed in, 172 representation in the General Assembly, 183 judicial system of, 185 manufacturing industries, 189-191
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INDEX
Baltimore city, continued commercial center of Maryland, 192 public-school system, 198-199 " City of First Things," 213 defense celebrated, 213 public buildings of, 213-215 great fire of 1904, 215-217 Greater Baltimore, 218 Baltimore City College, 198 Baltimore clipper ships, 146 Baltimore, the cruiser, 206
Baltimore, Lord. Sec Calvert and Proprie- tary
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company formed, 158
ground broken, etc., 159 completed to the Ohio river, 160
.
partly destroyed during Civil War, 177 development of, 192
Baltimore Polytechnic Institute, 198-199 Bank of Maryland fails, 160
Barney, Joshua, appointed to command of the Hyder Ally, 129 defeats the General Monk, 129 in War of 1812, 148
Battle Monument, 156
Beatty, William, killed at the battle of Hob- kirk's Hill, 127
Bennett, Richard, 43 Bethlehem Steel Corporation, 190
Bill of Rights, 94
Bladensburg, battle of, 148
Blakistone's Island, 14 Boundaries, charter, 8 altered by William Penn, 55
altered by surrender of territory to Penn, 76
dispute over, leads to border warfare, 77 Mason and Dixon's Line, 78 eastern, 78
southern and western, 78
Braddock, General, 80
Brandywine, battle of the, 120
Brent, Giles, temporary governor, 35 Browning, Louisa, 86
Budget system, 184-185 Bunker Hill, 90 Burgoyne, General, 120 Butler, B. F., 173 Butler, John, 30
Cabot, 2 Calvert, Benedict Leonard, governor, 72 Calvert, Benedict Leonard, proprietary, 63 Calvert, Cecilius, becomes Lord Baltimore, 6 receives charter for Maryland, 6 character and plans, 12, 53 policy of religious toleration, 13, 39-40 yields to people right to propose legisla- tion, 21 attitude during Civil War in England, 34 province restored to, after Puritan Revo- lution, 45
suppresses Fendall's rebellion, 52 death, 53 Calvert, Charles, governor of Maryland, 72 Calvert, Charles, third Lord Baltimore, ap- pointed governor, 52
becomes second proprietary, 53
character, 53
surrounded by difficulties, 56-59
voted gift of 100,000 pounds of tobacco by the Assembly, 58 becomes a mere landlord, 60
death, 63
Calvert, Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore, 63 government of, 72 death, 78
Calvert, Frederick, becomes sixth Lord Bal- timore, 78
character, 79 death, 86
Calvert, George, 3 made Baron of Baltimore, 4 plan for founding a colony, 5
visits Virginia, 5
death, 6 character, 6
Calvert, Leonard, first governor of Mary- land, 13 captures Kent Island, 30
goes to England, 35
returns to Maryland, 36
flees to Virginia, 36
recaptures St. Mary's, 36
death, 37 character, 37 monument to, 37, 209 Calvert, Philip, secretary of province, 51 governor, 52 Camden, battle of, 123
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Canal, Chesapeake and Ohio, 157 Chesapeake and Delaware, 194 ' Capital. See Annapolis and St. Mary's Carmichael, Judge, 175 Carnegie, Andrew, 204 Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton, 87 at burning of the Peggy Stewart, 89 signs Declaration of Independence, 92 breaks ground for Baltimore and Ohio railroad, 159 Carroll, Daniel, 137 Caswell, General, 124 Catholics. See Religion
Caulk's Field, battle of, 148 Charles I, becomes king of England, 4 tyranny of, 33 at war with Parliament, 33 beheaded, 33
Charles II, becomes king, 34 supports proprietary in Fendall's rebel- lion, 52
Charleston, captured by the British, 123 Charter of Maryland, 6, 8 Chase, Samuel, 92
Child welfare laws, 194-195
City Hall, Baltimore, 213-214 Civil War in England, 32-33 Civil War in the United States, proper atti- tude toward, 166 causes and beginning, 168-170
position of Maryland in, 170 progress and termination of, 171-172 first bloodshed of, 172
conditions in Maryland during, 173-175 Maryland troops in, 175-178 invasions of Maryland during, 177-178
Claiborne, William, character and plans, 27 influence on Maryland, 27-28 defies the authority of Maryland, 29
sends out the Cockatrice, 29 loses Kent Island, 31 in alliance with Richard Ingle, 35-36 on commission to take charge of Vir- ginia, 43 overturns Maryland government, 43-44 Clinton, General, 123 Clipper ships, 146 Cloberry and Company, 30 Cockburn, Admiral, commits depredations in the Chesapeake, 147
Cockrane, Admiral, 147 Collectors of duties, king's, 58-59 College of electors, 95 Colleges and universities of Maryland, 199- 203 Colonial architecture. See Homes Colonial governments, three kinds, 6, 8 Columbus, Christopher, I
Commerce, 192-193
Committees of Observation, 89
Comptroller of the treasury, 183
Conditions of Plantation, 21
Confederate States of America, 170
Congress of the colonies, 90
Constitution of Maryland, the charter, 6, 8 in 1658, 49 first state (1776), 92-95 amendments to, 162-163, 184-185
of 1851, 163 of 1864, 182 of 1867, 182-184 ; text, 278-345 Constitution of the United States, adopted, 139 fifteenth amendment to, 184
Convention, the, in the Revolution, 89 declares independence of Maryland, 92 Convention, commercial, at Annapolis, (1786), 139 constitutional (1787), 139
in Maryland adopts Federal Constitution, 139-140 Convicts transported to colonies, 66 Coode, John, 59 Cooper, Peter, 159 Copley, Sir Lionel, 60 death, 61 Copper mines in Maryland, 102 Corn, grown in early Maryland, 23, 65 pounded in mortars, 23, 65
in Revolutionary times, 100
at the present time, 186, 187
Cornwallis, Lord, at Long Island, 115 at Trenton, 118 in command in the South, 123 at Camden, 124 campaign against Greene, 125 surrenders to Washington, 125
Cornwallis, Thomas, in battle of the Poco- moke, 29 releases Ingle, 35
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Corrupt Practices Act, 186 Council, governor's, in the province, 49 under the state, 95 abolished, 162 Council of Safety, 89 Court House, Baltimore, 214-215
Cowpens, battle at, 125-126 Maryland troops at, 125-126
Crabs, 189 Cresap, Michael, 130 Cresap, Thomas, 77 "Critical Period " of American history, the, 138
Cromwell, Oliver, 33-34 Cromwell, Richard, 34 Crothers, Austin L., 194
Cumberland, Fort, 81
Cumberland city, on site of Fort Cumber- land, 81 terminal of Chesapeake and Ohio canal, 157 manufacturing industries, 191 commercial center, 194
Davis, Jefferson, 170 Declaration of Independence, of the English colonies, 90, 92 signers for Maryland, 92 Declaration of Independence, the Maryland, 92
Declaration of Rights, 182-183
Delegates in legislature, in the province, 32 in the state, 95, 183
Dewey, Admiral, wins battle of Manila bay, 206 president of Schley Court of Inquiry, 207 Direct primaries, 186 Dishes, table, in colonial times, 103 Dixie, the, 208 Docks, 192 Dove. See Ark and Dove
Dress in colonial times, 105-107
Dulany, Daniel, 86 Dunmore, Lord, 122
Duquesne, Fort, 80
Dutch occupying Maryland territory, 53 Dyer, Captain, 206
Early, General, invades Maryland, 178 Eden, Robert, governor of Maryland, 86 legislates by proclamation, 86 leaves Maryland, 90
Education, in colonial Maryland, 108 public lands granted for, 137 (footnote) interest in, following the Revolution, 143 in South aided by George Peabody, 179 in the state, 196-203
Educational Survey Commission, 197, 203
Election law in Maryland, 185-186
Electric railroad, the first, 212
Electric railroads of Maryland, 193
Ellicott City, first terminus of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, 160 Elliott, Jesse Duncan, 146 English colonies, 2, 3
Enoch Pratt Free Library, 203-204
Episcopal church, established in Maryland, 61 Episcopal clergymen, 61, 102 Eutaw Springs, battle of, 125, 128 Maryland troops at, 128
Evelin, George, agent of Cloberry and Com- pany, 30 made commander of Kent Island under Maryland, 30
Federal Republican, the, 146 Fendall, Josias, appointed governor, 51 rebels against the proprietary, 51
Financial distresses, 160-161
First colonists to Maryland, 13
Fish, 189
Fleet, Henry, guides first colonists, 17 conducts trading expeditions, 28
Food, abundance in colonial times, 19, 65, 104 Forbes, James, 137 Ford, John D., 206
Fort Frederick, 81
Fort McHenry, location, 149-150 repulses the British fleet, 152-153
Fort Mifflin, 121
Fort Washington, 118, 119
Fox-hunting, 107
France, fights with England for control of North America, 79-82 aids American colonies in Revolution, 120 Frederick city, founded, 76 captured during Civil War, 178 manufacturing industries, 191 as a commercial center, 194 French and Indian War, 79-82
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Frizell, Susan, 67 Front Royal, battle at, 176 Fuller, William, 44 commands Puritans in battle of the Severn, 44 in Assembly of 1660, 51
Gambling, 107 Game in the province, 19, 65 Gates, General, 123 General Monk, the, 129 General Assembly. See Assembly George III, king of England, 83, 90 Germans immigrate to Maryland in eight- eenth century, 74, 76 Germantown, battle of, 120 Maryland troops at, 121 Gerrard, 40 Gettysburg, battle of, 178 Gibson, William, 159
Gilman, Daniel C., president of Johns Hop- kins University, 200 Gist, Mordecai, at battle of Long Island, 115 suppresses Tory insurrection, 122
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