USA > Maryland > The Day-star of American freedom, or, The birth and early growth of toleration, in the province of Maryland : with a sketch of the colonization upon the Chesapeake and its trobutaries, preceding the removal of the government from St. Mary's to Annapolis > Part 14
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See Depositions, in the case of Father Fitzherbert, and other cases already cited ;. also note upon the will of Mrs. Fenwick.
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THE INHERITANCE.
to the memory of our early forefathers. Let their deeds be enshrined in our hearts ; and their names repeated in our households. Let them be canon- ized, in the grateful regards of the American; and handed down, through the lips of a living tradi- tion, to his most remote posterity. In an age of cruelty, like true men, with heroic hearts, they fought the first great battle of religious liberty. And their fame, without reference to their faith, is now the inheritance, not only of Maryland, but also of America.
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APPENDIX, KO. I.
APPENDIX .- No. I.
EMIGRANTS FROM ENGLAND.
See Note 1, ante, p. SI.
THE Hon. Wm. Burgess, the leading colonist upon South River (see ante, pp.72-73), probably from Marlborough, in Wilts, arrived in 1650 ; and, at various times, transported about one hundred and fifty persons, including the forefathers of several of the most distinguished families now living in this state. He was himself, through his son Charles, the ancestor of the Burgesses of Westpha- lia ; through his daughter Susannah, of the Sewalls of Mattapany- Sewall, closely connected with the family of Lord Charles Balti- more ; through his grand-daughter Ursula. of the Davises of Mount Hope, who did not arrive from the principality of Wales, before the year 1720; and, through a still later female line, of the Bowies of Prince George's, represented by Doct. Bowie, of Upper- Marlborough, in 1853.
Many, also, of the distinguished families of Kent came, about the year of Col. Burgess's arrival. The few only which can be named here, are the Ringgolds of Kent Island, now so honorably repre- sented, as they have been for many generations (see note 2. ante, p. 194), by a large number of branches ; the Hynsons, who also have many descendants, including two families quite remote from
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THE DAY-STAR.
each other, at Chestertown, and in other parts of this state ; the Dunns, who are now extinct everywhere in America, so far as I can ascertain, in the male line, except the branch represented by James L. Duan, Esq., of Reading, Pa. ; and the families of Wickes (see note to p. 79, also pp. 93-94), and of Leeds-the former having removed from Kent Island, at a very early period, to Eastern-Neck Island · (where also is a descendant), and at present represented by Col. Jos. Wickes, of Chestertown, and by many other descendants-the latter also having left a large posterity in Talbot and elsewhere, related to several of the most prominent historical families of Maryland. *
The Stones of Poynton Manor (see ante, p. 178), the ancestors of the signer of the Declaration of Independence, arrived in 1649 ; the forefathers of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, another signer, about 1680 ; and the Pacas, and the Chases, a long time after the Protestant Revolution.
The ancestors of the Hon. Jas. Alfred Pearce were distinguished in the early judicial and parochial history of Cecil County. They came about 1670 ; and the Pratts (a family of planters, and the fore- fathers, I presume, of our other United States senator), about the year 1600. The latter first lived in Anne Arundel County ; and Thomas, the name of the senator, was borne by the emigrant, and by several of his immediate descendants.
A late senator, on the side of his father, General Benjamin Chambers, is a Pennsylvanian-the General, however, having before his marriage, become a resident of Chestertown, in Mary- land. And the ex-senator, who resigned his seat in 1835, inherits, npon one side of his mother's ancestry, the blood of the Bohemian, who founded the colony in 1660 ; upon another, that of the Haw-
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263
APPENDIX, NO. I.
kinses, who arrived about 1655, and of the Marshes, who came as early as 1650. See p. 70, p. 81, p. 263, and p. 264.
The ancestors of the late Hon. Robert H. Goldsborough, descend- ants of a very distinguished family of England, arrived about 1670, at Kent Island. They are now represented by the Golds- boroughs of Myrtle-Grove, of Frederick, and of many other parts of the State. The very manners of this senator illustrated the gentleness of his blood.
The Tilghmans of The Hermitage, represented by so many hon- orable men, including the president of the constitutional conven- tion of Maryland in 1774, and a chief-justice of Pennsylvania, arrived about 1655. They came from Snodland, in Kent ; and. their arms arc : Per fesse sa. and ar. a lion ramp. reguard; tail forked, counterchanged, crowned or. The crest is a demi-lion sejant sa. crowned or. No family of Maryland has exhibited a higher proof of piety-of that piety which manifests itself, in the reverence and affection cherished for the memory of those, from whom we derive our earliest being and blood-a sentiment indeed, which forms the only foundation, either directly or through sympathy and association, of the true historical taste. They took up many tracts, including "Tilghman-and-Foxley-Grove," upon which Chestertown was subsequently founded, then held, if I mis- take not, through an intermarriage, by the Wilmers of Kent. I regret, I have not, at this moment, my memoranda before me.
The family of Hawkins, first of Poplar Island, afterwards of Queenstown ; one of them a judge of the Provincial Court, about 1700 ; another (Ernault), at a later period, the surveyor-general of the customs ; arrived from Nominy Bay about 1655 ; but canie from London, several years earlier. Through the Fosters and the
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Lowes, they were connected with the family of Lord Charles Bal- timore. They were also connected with the DeCourcys ; and, through the Marshes, are the ancestors of the Formans of Clover- Fields ; of the Tilghmans, of Hope ; and of the Chamberses, and other families, at Chestertown. And they are connected with the Williamses, of Roxbury, through a resident of Baltimore-Eliza- beth, the daughter of Matthew, having married the late George Williams; and left eight children, including George Hawkins Williams, of the latter city. Of John, the judge of the Provincial Court, the father of the surveyor-general, and the son of Thomas the emigrant, a very interesting memorial remains, in the pos- session of the vestry at Centreville-consisting of a large and massive piece of silver plate, in a noble state of preservation. A fragment of his son's tombstone may yet be seen, near Queen's- town ; but the date of Ernault's death can be ascertained, only by a reference to the correspondence of Elizabeth, his widow, now in the keeping of the descendants of the Hon. Thomas Hands, at Chestertown.
The Thompsons, of Cecil, subsequently of Queen Anne's and of Kent, arrived about 1665. Col. John Thompson, the emigrant, is distinguished in the history of the early treaties with the Indians upon the Delaware ; and held a great variety of offices, including that of a provincial judge at St. Mary's. He married a daughter of Augustine Herman ; and left a son bearing the bap- tismal name of the Bohemian. Augusta, Augusten, and Augus- tene, the names of his descendants, are but abbreviations or cor- ruptions of Augustina derived from Augustine. The Thomp- sons of Kent Island, including the clergyman, are some of the descendants of this emigrant. See also ante, p. 80. Col.
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Thompson, it is not improbable, was related to the cousin of Col. Clayborne. See ante, p. 78.
The family now represented by Doct. Peregrine Wroth, of Chestertown, descendants (there is strong reason to believe) of the Wroths of Durance (a highly distinguished house), arrived about 1670. To this gentleman I have expressed my thanks, for the interest so generously manifested, in the success of all my researches.
The Sewalls, of Mattapany-Sewall, connected with the Hon. Wm. Burgess, and with the family of Lord Chas. Baltimore, came about 1660. Henry was the name of the emigrant. From the first, they were Roman Catholics. See also ante, p. 73, and p. 169.
The Spriggs, the ancestors of the late governor, came, it seems, from Northamptonshire, about 1655. Thomas was the name of the emigrant. One of the tracts taken up by him, was called Kettering, the name of a town in that county. Northampton was another tract held by him ; and the family seat, if I am correctly informed, for many generations.
The Taneys (the ancestors of the present chief-justice of the United States), arrived about 1660, and lived in Calvert. Michael, which runs through so many generations, was the name of the cmi- grant. The noble part he played in 1689, has already been noticed. In the late " Lives of the Chief-Justices," and also in " The Southern Quarterly Review," it is erroneously said, that he held the faith of the Roman Catholic Church. See ante. p. 92.
The Tylers, of Prince George's County, came about 1660. Robert was the emigrant's name. They are now represented by the Tylers of that county, and of Frederick, including Saml. Tyler, of Frederick city, the author of several works, and one of the
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commissioners for the reform of the practice, in the courts of Maryland.
The Lowes of Talbot, and, it would scem, of St. Mary's also -the branch in the latter county being represented by ex- governor Lowe-arrived about the year 1675. They were closely connected with the family of Lord Charles Baltimore ; and came from Denby, in Derbyshire. Their arms are :- Az. a hart trip- pant ar. And the crest is a wolf passant ar. One of the willa at Annapolis points directly toward Denby. See also' Burke. And I am inclined to think, Lady Jane Baltimore was a descend. ant of the family at that place. Lord Baltimore calls Vincent Lowe his " brother."
. The Claggetts of St. Leonard's Creek, ancestors of the first Anglo-Catholic bishop of Maryland, came in 1671. Thomas, the · emigrant, was the descendant, on his father's side, of a mayor of Canterbury ; on his mother's, of Sir Thomas Adams, a lord mayor of London, and a cavalier in the reign of Charles the First. Their arms, which were admitted and confirmed in the visitation of the heralds, are impaled upon the original scal of the bishopric of Maryland. And they have various descendants, in the male as well as female line, including Doct. Claggett, of Leesburg, Va. ; Prof. Saml. Chew, and the Rev. John. HI. Chew, of Maryland. Through a daughter of the third Thomas from Col. Claggett, of London, they are the ancestors also of the Davises, of Mount Hope. Their arms are :- Erm. on a fesse sa. three pheons or. For an impression from the scal of the bishopric, I beg to express my thanks to the Rt. Rev. Doct. Whittingham. See also ante, p. 99.
The Addisons of Oxon-Hill, the descendants of the family ir .
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APPENDIX, NO. I.
Cumberland County, and represented by Doct. Edmund B. Addi- son, by Wm. Meade Addison, Esq., and by many other living gentlemen, came about the year 1678. John, the emigrant, was a privy-councillor soon after the Protestant Revolution ; but had opposed the revolutionary party. See also ante, p. 147.
I cannot give the year, the Dorseys arrived ; but it was proba- bly some time before the Protestant Revolution. Col. Ed. Dorsey, of Baltimore County (I presume, the emigrant), died about 1700, leaving a large number of children ; and giving to his sons, Charles, Lacon, Francis, and Edward, all his lands on the north side of the Patapsco ; to his son Samuel, a part of " Major's Choice," and his " silver-hilted sword ;"' to his sons Nicholas, and Benjamin, a part of " Long Reach," at " Elk Ridge ;" and to his son Edward, his silver tankard, silver tobacco-box, and " seal gold ring." This is now one of the most extensive families of Mary. land ; and they are probably of an English original. Col. Dorsey, I presume, was the ancestor of the ex-chief-justice.
The Darnalls, of London, arrived about twenty years before the Protestant Revolution. Col. Henry Darnall, the emigrant, was the son of Philip Darnall, and a kinsman of Lord Baltimore. For the part he performed, in 1680, the reader is referred to the Nar- ratives. See ante, pp. 87-100. He resided at The Wood-Yard, in Prince George's County ; and, a later period, at Portland Manor, in Anne Arundel. He left many descendants ; and his tombstone is at The Wood-Yard, now (as it has been, for several generations) in the possession of the Wests; and the most inte- resting family seat, I have yet seen, in Maryland. The rane upon the house-top, the wainscotted wall-the other relics, and memo- rials relating to the era of the Darnalls-are all preserved with
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the most studious care. I give this testimony, with a grateful heart. It is honorable, in the highest degree, to the taste and piety of the present proprietors. The Darnalls were Ronian Catholics.
The Brents, the Neales, and other distinguished Roman Catholic families arrived before 1649 ; and are therefore not here noticed. In making selections subsequently to that year, I have confined myself chiefly to the Protestants ; for whose special benefit, the principle of religious liberty was extended, by the Act of the Assembly, to all believers in Christianity. Let the living sons of Maryland know something of the blessings enjoyed by their ances- tors, under the beneficent government of the Roman Catholic pro- prietaries.
Most of the persons, whose arrival is sketched in this Appendix, held the right, I presume, to a coat of arms. But not knowing the fact, I have said nothing ; well assured, how many spurious escutcheons are now used in this country ; and fully aware of the danger of running into very gross mistakes.
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APPENDIX, NO. II.
APPENDIX .- No. II.
See ante, p. 80 and p. 107.
SETTLEMENT UPON THE BOHEMIA .- EXTRACT FROM HERMAN'S JOURNAL.
FROM the extract, it seems the colonists did not arrive till 1601. But there is evidence, aliund,, that the foundation of the colony was laid in 1660.
"By letter, Sept. 18, his Lordship, in acceptance thereof, recom- mended the granting to the Honorable Philip Calvert, Esquire, then Governor-And was then supposed, the one tract to contain about 4,000 acres ; the other 1,000 acres ; good, plantable land- danger of Indians not then permitting a certain inspection, nor survey of that far-remote, then unknown wilderness.
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" Whereupon, January 14, a Patent of free Denization issueth forth out of the office ; and Augustine Herman bought all the land there (by permission of the Governor and Council) of the Susque- sahanoh Indians, then met with the great men out of the Susque- sahannoh Fort at Spcs-Uty Isle, upon a treaty of soldiers, + as the old Record will testify, and thereupon took possession ; and transported his people from Manhattam, now New York, 1661, (with great cost and charge) to inhabit."
* In the MS. copy, this word is very indistinctly written.
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APPENDIX .- No. III.
See ante, p.152, note 1.
FAITH OF THE JURORS, IN THE CASE OF THE . PISCATAWAY INDIANS.
I HAVE said, the first twelve, there is strong reason to believe, were Roman Catholics ; but I arranged them, not in conformity with the record, but simply with a view to my own convenience. The following is the order observed upon the record :-
Cuthbert Fenwick, foreman ; William Bretton ; Nicholas Gwyther ; John Steerman ; Edward Packer ; Richard Banks ; Philip Land ; Wm. Evans; John Lawson ; Richard Hoskins ; William Johnson ; John Medley; Richard Willan ; Henry Adams ; Robert Cadger ; John Nicholls; Daniel Clocker ; James Lang- worth ; John Thimbleby ; William Edwine; John Taylor ; John Harwood ; Zachary Wade ; and Thomas Sympson.
Three of the preceding jurors had been in the Assembly of 1049.
Most of the Roman Catholics are easily distinguished by a refe- rence to their wills. See, e. g., the wills of Philip Land, and William Evans. Richard Hoskins is the only one, of whom I enter-
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APPENDIX, NO. III.
tain a doubt. But we have the best ground for the belief, that he was the same person as Richard Hotchkeys, of "The Cross," and whose name is written in a variety of ways-a very common thing, two hundred years ago. Edward Packer, for instance, was the . same, it would seem, as Edward Parker, a kinsman of Mr. Bretton. See his will. In the index to the Land Warrants, on p. 17, for Lib. No. 1, Richard Hoskins, it appears, is spelt "Richard Hodg key ;" on p. 622, for the same liber, "Richard Hodgkeys ;" p. 136, for Lib. No. 3, " Richard Hodskeys ;" in the oldest book of wills, "'Richard Hotchkeys ;" and, in the index to that book, " Richard Hotchkey." It is not improbable, that Nicholas Gwyther, a thir- teenth, was also a Roman Catholic ; although I have not included him.
Four of the Protestant jurors (Messrs. Steerman, Nichols, Clocker, and Edwin) had signed the Declaration. Capt. Banks, a fifth, had been in the Assembly of 1649 ; and it is quite evident, that Robt. Cadger was a sixth. See his will ; and the one also of his son, Robert. John Lawson, in his will, desires to be buried " according to the canon of the Church of England ;" and speaks of John Taylor, the god-father of his daughter, " Jean." It is highly probable, therefore, that Messrs. Lawson and Taylor, making a seventh and eighth, were both Protestants of the Anglo- Catholic type.
It would be unsafe to assert any thing positive, with regard to the faith of the remaining four, Messrs. Gwyther, Harwood, Wade, and Sympson; though it is quite probable, Mr. Harwood was a Protestant.
The result, then, so far as the investigation has been successful. presents twelve Roman Catholics against eight Protestants. Nor
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is it certain, that these eight (a point of the first importance) all lived, in St. Mary's, in 1653.
Excluding Messrs. Packer, and Hoskins, we have ten Roman Catholics against eight Protestants.
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INDEX.
A
ACCUMACS :- A tribe of Indians, 112. Under the Rule of the Powhatans, 112.
A.cr Concerning Religion, 54. Its Lead- ing Provisions, 54-67. Its Influence upon the Colonization of Maryland, 68-86, and 101-107.
ADDISONS, of Oxon-Hill, the English county they came from, 200; Their Arrival, 266; Their Earliest Home in Maryland, 147. The Emigrant a Privy Councillor, 267. Opposed to the Revo- lution of 1639, 267. His Posterity, 267.
ADDISON, Wm. Meade, Arrival of his Ancestry, 267.
ADDRESS to the Crown from the Protest- ants of Kent, 93. See also Protest- ant Revolution.
ALLEN, Thomas, Extracts from his Will, 236; Friend of Captain Banks, 236; Had been in the Assembly; 227; Apprehensive of Violence, 236. His Children held Captive by the Indians, 236; Captain Banks's Engagement to redeem one of them, 235. Faith of Mr. Connor and Captain Banks derived from his Will, 236.
ALNEY, Pope, the Hangman of Walter Peake. 253; Convicted of Cow-Steal- ing, 253.
ALTHAM, Rev. Father, 159, 160.
ANGLO-CATHOLICS :- the probable num- ber in the Assembly of 1649, 137.
ANGLO-CATHOLICS :- the Term Catholic applied to them, upon the Early Provincial Records, 32 and 235.
ANGLO-CATHOLICS :- Compict between an Anglo-Catholic King andt a Roman Catholic Prince, 20-34. Fidelity of the Prince, 35. Holy, in the Creeds, and Catholic, upon the Provincial Records, applied to the English ; Irch, 82. " Holy Church " include 1 )
A.
the English Branch, 3). Illustration from the early Charters of the Eng- lish Crown, 30. Case of Lewis, 31. Case of Doctor Gerrard, 33. Chapel at St. Mary's, 32. Anglo-Catholics at Jamestown, 27. Extract from their Charter, 27. Anglo-Catholics upon Kent Island, 142. Anglo-Catholics upon South River, 72. Anglo-Citho- lics upon Patuxent, 74. Anglo- Catho- lics in St. George's Hundred, 143- 143. The Probable Number of Anglo- Catholics in the Assembly of 1610, 137. Anglo-Catholic clergyman of St. Mary's, the first, 145, 140. Eurly Anglo-Catholic Clergymen of Kent Island, 142, 14). Anglo-Catholic Bishop of Maryland, the first, ances- try of, 206. His Arms, 200. Anglo- Catholic Bishop of Maryland, the third, his ancestry, 179. The settle- ment upon Kent Island the off shoot of an Anglo-Catholic Colony, 142. Early Auglo-Catholic families of St. George's, 145-149. The Wickliffe, the Cadgers, the Marshalls, the Addisons, and other Anglo-Catholic families of St. George's, 115-147. Earliest Deed for the Support of the Anglo-Catholic ministry, 143. The Gift of "three heifers," 146. First reference to a Parish, 146. " The Neck of Wicoco- mico," 143. Wickliffe, the orgin of the Anglo-Carbolies, 147. Wickliffe and Wes'ey, 147.
ANGLO-CATHOLIC BISHOP of Maryland, the first, his ane istry, 263.
ANGLO-CATHOLIC BISHOP of Maryland, the third, his ancestry, 179.
ANGLO-CATHOLIC CLER GYMAN Of Saint Mary's, the first after the landing of the I'dgrim4, 145-149.
ANGLO-CATHOLIC CLERGYMEN of Kent, the early, 114-113.
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INDEX.
A.
ANGLO-CATHOLIC BISHOPRIC of Maryland, the original arms of, 266.
ANNAPOLIS :- Erected into a port of Entry, as late as 1633, 117. A Rival upon Sooth River, 12. The govern- ment removed from St. Mary's to Annapolis, 108.
ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY :-- Original seat of the Puritans, 151. Small numi- ber of estates, with the R. C. Pre- fix, 151. Home also of the Qua- kers, 151. First settlement, in 1649, 6S. Greenberry's Point, the site of the first Puritan town, 63-60, and 117. The Severn, 63. James Cox, 70. Richard Bennett, Edward Lloyd, and Thomas Marsh, 60-70. The county represented as early as 1650, 70. Anglo-Catholics upou South River, 72. William Burgess, T2. South River Club, 73. London founded by Colonel Burgess, 73. A rival of Annapolis, 73. London and Annapolis erected into ports of entry, in 1033, 117. Fort Horn, 177. The battle-field of 1635, 177. Monumental Inscriptions upon South River, 73. Quakers upon West River, 77. The Prestens, Thomases, and Richardsons, 77. But one R. C. family, in the whole county, in 1689, 92. Opposition of the inhabi. tants to the Protestant Revolution, 92. The richest and most populous County, in 1639, 92. Contest with Calvert, respecting her boundary Line, 196. Her position overruled by the Legislature, 106; but fully sustained by the Records, 197. Ma- jor's Choice, and the Hon. Thomas Marsh, 1v7.
ANNIVERSARY of the St. Tummany So- cieties, 112.
ANTAGONISM between the State and the Church, 17 and 64.
Anthumpt, the Indian, Gift to Him, from Mrs. Fenwick, 216.
ÅRMORIAL BEARINGS :- Arms of the Bur- gesses. 72; of the Calverts, 162; of sne Claggetts, 200; of the Eltonheads, 217; of the Mansons, 79; of. the Hattons. 202; of the Lowes, 200; of the Thomases, 82; of the Tigh- mans, 263. Armorial seals, 72, 200, 163, and 79. Army of the Province, 103. Arms of the State, 163. Original arms of the Bishopric, 266. Presumed right of many of the early planters, 263. Danger of running into very ross mistakes, 203. If allic lily,
A.
227. Early Practice of Carving ar- morial bearings upon plate, 120. Baltimore bird, 122. The fleur-de- Lis, a favourite device of the early Roman Catholic planters, as a pars of their cattle-mark, 220.
ARMORIAL SKALS :- Preservation of the Seal of Colonel Burgess, 72. Original Seal of the Bishopric, 266. Seal of one of the early Hansons of Kent, 79. Seal of the Province, 163. Seal of the State, 163.
ARRIVAL of the Addisons, 267; of the Beales, 83; of the Bennetts, 63; of the Bowies, 83; of the Brasha- ers, 84; of the Brents, 263; of the Brettons, 224; of the Brooks, 74; of the Burgesses, 261; of the Calverts, 163 and 171; of the Carrolls, 262; of the Causins, $4; of the Chamberses, 262; of the Chases, 262; of the Clag- getts, 200; of the family of Comegys, $5; of the Conners, 220; of the Con- tees, S4; of the Darnalls, 267; of the De Courcys, 83; of the Diniossas, 79 ; of the Dorseys, 2o7; of the Dunns, 262; of the Du Valles, $1; of the Edmonstons, 53; of the Fenwicks, 237; of the Goldsboroughs, 203; of the Greens, 1$1; of the Hausons, 79; of the Hattons, 200; of the Hawkinses, 203; of the Hermans, 80; of the Hynsons, 201; of the Jarbos, 84; of the Lacounts, S4; of the Lamars, 84; of the family of Leeds, 262; of the Lloyds, 69; of the Lockermans, 85; of the Lowes, 200; of the Magruders, 83; of the Mannerses, 231; of the Marshes, 69; of the Maunsells, 237; of the Neales, 203; of the Pacus, 262; of the Pearces, 262; of the Peakes, 247; of the Piles, laf ; of the Praits, 262; of the Prices, Ist; of the Ricauds, S5; of the Richardsons, 52; of the Ring- golds, 261; of the Sewalls, $55; of the Shipleys, 32; of the Suowdens 52; of the Springs, 265; of the Stones, 202; of the Taneys, 265; of the Tettershalls, IST; of the Tho- mises, o2; of the Thompsons, 264; of the Tilghinns, 263; of the Tylers, 265; of the Vaughans, 199; of the Family of Wickes, 262; of the Wil- kinsons, 214; of the Worthingtons, 83; and of the Wroths, 255.
ASCENDENCY of the Puritans, So; their Intolerance, So.
ASSEMBLY of Maryland, its Early Con-
INDEX.
275
A.
stitution, 42-43, and 142. Its analogy to the primitive Parliament of Eng- land, 42. Contrast with the Witena- gemot, 50.
ASSEMBLY of 1638, the earliest of which WC have a satisfactory account, 211. Cuthbert Fenwick, a member, 211.
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