USA > Maine > Cumberland County > Harpswell > History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, including the ancient territory known as Pejepscot > Part 60
USA > Maine > Cumberland County > Brunswick > History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, including the ancient territory known as Pejepscot > Part 60
USA > Maine > Sagadahoc County > Topsham > History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, including the ancient territory known as Pejepscot > Part 60
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much cheaper, than at this time ; we can't suppose such an one now would cost much less than five hundred Pounds ; and a Stone Fort supposed to be much more chargable : yet rather than the sd Fort should be of Wood, and so liable to be consumed by Fire, in case it should be assaulted by French as well as Indians.
". Wee offer, That if the Generall Court will please to allow FIVE HUNDRED POUNDS, and let us now have the Fifteen men, which are designed for that Garrison, we will enter into Engagements to repair and finish the aforesaid STONE FORT: To be Fifty Foot Square, as. proposed, with Four Bastions, Two of which of wood on the Top of the Angle, at our own charge, although it should amount to more than that sum. And we shall set about it in a weeks time, if possible, and hope to finish it before winter, if not obstructed by the Indians. We desire to have Three hundred Pounds of the said sum, as occasion shall require, to provide Materialls &c. and the remainder when the work is finished.
" Signed "THOMAS HUTCHINSON. ADAM WINTHROP. OLIVER NOYES. In behalf of themselves & partners.
" MEMORANDUM. It is agreed that the foundation of the said Fort shall be Three Foot under Ground. That the Wall shall be Three Foot thick at Bottom, and at least Tenn Foot High above the Ground, and laid in Lime Mortar, with Barracks for Fifteen men, to be built on or near the Spot where the Fort now stands." 1
The General Court accepted this proposal of the proprietors, and ordered the sums of money asked for to be paid out of the treasury.
At a meeting of the Pejepscot proprietors, held August 2, 1715, it was voted : " That Capt. John Wentworth be writ to to despatch a Sloop from Piscatequa forthwith, with Four Thousand of Pine Plank and to fill up with good Boards to be landed at Pejepscot Falls.
" That Capt. Noyes be desired to despatch a Sloop from Newbury with Seventy or Eighty hogshds of good Stone Lime, the price here 21s p. hhd. 100 gallons.
" That a Sloop be sent from hence with Bricks, Shingles, Clap- boards, Nails, Provisions, a horse Team, Six Wheelbarrows, Arms, Crows, Pickaxes, Mauls, Shovels, Blankets, Kettles, Pails, Dishes, Horse Cart, Ox Cart, and a pair of Trucks."2
1 Pejepscot Records.
2 Ibid.
627
FORTS, GARRISONS, CHURCHES, ETC., IN BRUNSWICK.
The erection of this fort was commenced by Captain John Gyles in the month of August, 1715, on the ledge of rocks at the northern end of Maine Street, about where two of the factory boarding-houses now stand. It was completed in the December following.
co . BOSTON.
FORT GEORGE, BRUNSWICK.
The walls of this fort were very thick and the stones were laid in mortar. It was finished with two bastions and two half-bastions, with flanks on the top sufficient for cannon. There was a large two-story dwelling-house erected in the fort, the roof appearing above the wall. The flag-staff was in the southwest corner of the southwest bastion.
This fort effectually resisted the aggressions of the Indians, and protected all the dwellings within reach of its cannon. In times of alarm, however, the inhabitants usually congregated inside its walls. To give an idea of the size and importance of this fort to the infant settlement, an illustration of it has been given, drawn originally from memory by Daniel Stone (the father of Narcissa and Daniel) ; and an account of the cost of the work, taken from the Pejepscot Records, is also inserted.
" IN ACCET OF THE COST OF FORT GEORGE
MASONS WORK.
Benj Swain 88 daies at 5/ 1 night 1/6
1 6
Peter Herod 4 /
15
18
Hunniwell & Negro 7/6
27
9
6
Dutch 4 /
15
18
Clark 4 /
15
14
97
10
CARPENTERS WORK
Benj Haley & man 7/6
30
9
Kemball 4/6 .
18
3
Wheeler + / .
.
.
16
64 8
628
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
NIGHTS WORK OF TRADESMEN
as pacct
8
1 2
THE SOULDIERS AS LABOURERS
Nights, Days & Boatage
Mr. Watts' Boy cooking the Pott at 1/6
6
7 6
MATERIAI.LS
Shell lime 500 bush's at 14d
29
3
40 hhd: Stone lime
50
4
4
Boards 10821 fect .
23
16 3
Pine Plank 4 M
17
1 7
Oak Plauk
3
19
10
Shingles 10 M at 16 /
8
Clapboards 12 at 7 /
4
4
Bricks 11 M
12
7
6
Nails Spikes &c
20
2
3
Glass Casments .
3
4
Great Hinges & Rivets
2
6
Small Hinges
1
10
Smiths Work
12
Large Lock for Gate
14
PROVISION ACCTT IN THE SEVERALL BILLS.
Mr Watts Bill
2
8
Mr Winthrops Bill
17
5
5
Mr Noyes' Bill
45
6
7
Mr Rucks Bill
13
5
Mr Minots Bill
12
3 3
90
8
3
Lowles Sloop
17
18
Stephens Sloop
9
Board Sloop
9
10
Mr Watts Sloop
40
Lowd Piloting
1 2
10
Butler Boating Lime
2
5 10
Do Piloting
82
3 10
SMALL EXPENSES.
Giv'n Gyles for dispatch
1
Gett : great Boat from Mill pond
9
Port' & Cart;
12
9
Reckonings & Small Charges
3
5
9
5 7 6
.
58
4
4
.
64
11 10
177
4. 9
.
SLOOP HIRE & PILOTING.
More Piloting &c .
629
FORTS, GARRISONS, CHURCHES, ETC., IN BRUNSWICK.
Allowed Mr Watts his Trouble
. 30
Due to Mr Jno Minot to 5th Nov.
18
8
Charge enlisting men .
.
5
1 horse lost .
9
15
James Irish's work
1
Use of our Teams
30
Loss & Wear of Tools .
99
3
Total
£688 9 41
In the latter part of 1736, or early in 1737, the General Court of Massachusetts decided to dismantle this fort. This decision filled the settlers with dismay, and in consequence the following petition was sent to the legislature : -
" TO HIS EXCELL" JONATHAN BELCHER ESQ" CAPT' GENERALL AND GOV- ERNOUR IN CHIEF IN AND OVER THE MASHIECUSETS BAY.
" TO THE HONORABLE COUNCIL AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES METT IN GENERALL COURT.
"THE HUMBLE PETITION OF BRUNSWICK & TOPSUM, WITH ALL THE SCATTRED SETTLERS UNDER THE COVERT AND PROTEC- TION OF FORT GEORGE.
" HUMBLY SHEWETH.
" That we your Excellies & Honours Humble Petitioners, filled with Inexpressible fears & discouragements upon a vote (as we are In- formed) pass'd-both Honourable houses, of dismantling Fort George, beg leave in the most humble maner to lay our present Condition and circumstances before y' Excellie & Honours, which we claim not only as a right, but also glorys in, as our precious mercy and priviledge, to have access to your Excellie at the head of so many Honourable Patriots and fathers of our Contrey, whose great care & prudence in securing the rights and priviledges of the Subject in most Criticall Junctures, gives us hope that the revew of our case & Condition by the Golden Rule of righteousness will yet move yr Excellie & Hon's to prevent our fears by Continuing with us the visible mark of protection absolutely necessary for the Incouragment & safty of these Infant Settlements, with which vew we conceive this fort was erected and since continued, supported & defended ; and if yr Inducing reasons then were good, Just, and becoming the Wisdom of our Senators, they continue yet in unrepealed force & virtue and concludes now with more strength for the Continuance of it ; as there are many more lives and much more expensive labours and Industry under the covert &
1 Pejepscot Records.
.
630
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
defense of it alone, its advantagious Scituation, being no less a terror & restraint to Enemyes, than an Incouragment and Safe Retreat to your petitioners, there being no other fort or Garisson from which any aid, Succour, or Relief can be expected in case of necessity, for as for Richmond, we only observe what your Excellie and Several members of both Honourable houses are well acquainted with. It lies upon a direct line through a vast and almost impassible wilder- ness at or about 20 miles by a modest computation from us, and fur- ther by water, which passage is attended with unavoidable danger in case of extremity as many last war can witness from experience. So that there is more probability of our being relived by Castle William, than from thence, and further we beg leave to observe to yr Excellie & Hon's that Brunswick, time without mind, has been the place of the annual Randevouze of all the tribes, which always has been licentious, vile, and Riotous, but now in a great' measure broak by the prudent care and circumspection of the present Comander, in his civil & mili- tary Capacity, the former useless were it not Joyn'd and Supported by the latter : what can y" Petitioners expect, upon the dismantling the fort. but to be the Melancoly Spectators, or rather the helpless miser- able Sufferers under the returns of their wild extravigances, to the great danger of our lives & libertyes. But should it be Suggested that our lives and libertyes are Secured by the peace, and So the Con- tinuance of the fort is an unnecesary Charge to the province, in answer to which we beg leave to Observe to y! Excellie & HIon's That this peace cost the province much blood & treasure ; & therefore the dearer bought, the greater care and caution is necessary to the preser- vation of it; which is always a posture of defence, & readiness to resent the violations of it, according to the generall maxims of policy, practised by all States, Kingdoms, & Comonwealths in the time of best concerted peace, always Jealous of their rights and Securing their fronteers, without which the publick faith in many Instances, has given way and yielded to the rapid Stream of Interest and ambition. " further, all the advantages our Infant Settlements in the cast- ward have Receiv'd by the peace, are, under God, Owing to yr Excellies & Hon" great Wisdom, Care, & Vigilance, and neither to the love nor faith of Indians, they being by the Victorious arms of the province fore'd into peace, & what flow's not from Choyce but neces- sity, can only be suposed binding till oportunity offer.
" That their love cant be depended upon is obvious to us, conversant among them, who look upon us, as unjust usurpers & intruders upon their rights and priviledges, and spoilers of their idle way of living.
631
FORTS, GARRISONS, CHURCHES, ETC., IN BRUNSWICK.
" They claim not only the wild beasts of the forest, and fowls of the air, but also fishes of Sea & rivers, and so with an ill eye looks upon our Salmon fishery, and no doubt would disturb our fishers were it not under the Immediate protection of the fort, as Severall can witness who have fished in undefended places ; besides they Cant hide their spleen & Resentment against those of our Setlers, who in the late war acted in the province Servise (a good many such we have) the peace has not secured some such from violent assaults, houses rifled, & peace purchased by gratifications pleasing to them, but with those vile abuses, & gross violations of peace we bore without giving y. Ex- cellie & Hon's trouble by complaints, while we Injoy'd the benefit of the fort. which cannot be expected when left as Catalans to the unbri- dled rage of such Enemyes, who Embalm's the memory of the vilest murtherers, transmits them to posterity, who are ambitious enough to Copy these heroick virtues in their ancesters; their faith besides being the effect of force is under the Influence of that popish prin- ciple, of no faith to be kept with hereticks and the Sacraficing such has always been accounted meritorious, what can be more agreeable to them, than purchase Heaven hereafter, by raising their fame & rep- utations as Heroes here.
"' If such principles & practices promisses a longer lifed peace than opertunity offers, and whether the dismantling fort George gives not such an opertunity, by having So many lives at their discretion, whose circumstances scarce alow two to be mutual aiding to one & other, we beg leave to Submitt to yr. Excellies & Hon's Serious thoughts, wisdom & Judgment. If we have forfeited our Claim and right to protection, we beg to be punished according to the known equitable laws of the province, but we pray y. Excelle and Honours may not give us up to the rage of Enemyes, tho' under the mask and varnish of peace, a punishment never yet Inflicted upon Brittish Sub- jects ; In which Circumstances what shall we do? tamely to Submitt to Salvage rage is beneath the spirits of free born Subjects, to venture our lives in defence of our long toil & labour, tho' we shall be the first sufferers, it is easy to see the consequences will reach much further, if we fly for Safety. we must leave our estates behind, which are the purchase of Industry in Subdning a wilderness, and then we become a burthensome Charge to Charitable and well disposed Christians.
" But we hope better things and such as are worthy your Excellle at the head of So many wise Senators, to whose wisdom we submitt our Condition and circunstances, Earnestly begging in the most hunt- ble and dutiful maner, that your Excell'e according to the great trust
632
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSIIAM, AND HARPSWELL.
reposed in you, and Royal power wherewith you are Cloathed, with the advice & concurrence of both Honourable houses, may prevent our fears and give us a Reviving under the Continuance of the fort as the sensible pledge of your Excellies protection and Instance of their Hon's wisdom, care, & Goodness, in Securing the rights and lives of many subjects, and as in Duty bound
" Your Humble Petioners Shall ever pray
" We by apointment in behalf of ourselves & 20 families in Brunswick, Subscribes our names at Brunswick meeting-house this 25th of April 1737
ebbenkopen
WoodTil James Pi farland Davi Givvon James Tuning
" We by apointment in behalf of ourselves and 24 families in Topsum, subscribe our names at Brunswick meeting- house this 23th of Aprill 1737
Jacob Clarke Thomas Thom Hugh minory
" I by apointment in behalf of 15 Circumjacent families do sub- seribe my name at Brunswick meeting-house this 25th of April 17371
Samt Fine day
Notwithstanding the foregoing petition the fort was soon afterwards
1 Pejepscot Papers.
633
FORTS, GARRISONS, CHURCHES, ETC., IN BRUNSWICK.
dismantled, and the property reverted to the proprietors, who, Decem- ber 19, 1758, leased it, together with all the buildings and land con- nected with it, to Mr. George Harwood. He occupied the premises until November 1, 1761.1
At a meeting of the Pejepscot proprietors, held October 8, 1761, Belcher Noyes was instructed to execute a deed of the old fort, with the buildings and land belonging to it, and the privilege of the stream at the falls, " the one half to Jeremiah Moulton, Esquire, the other half to Captain David Dunning, they paying unto the said Belcher Noyes the sum of one hundred thirty three pounds six shillings and eight pence, lawful money, for which sum he is to account with the Proprietors."2 This sum amounted to about £1,000 old tenor.3 On November 19, 1761, Belcher Noyes gave Harwood a written order to surrender the fort and buildings to either Moulton or Dunning. 4
The ruins of this fort, with some portions of the wall yet standing, were plainly to be seen as late as 1802, and Mr. Dean Swift distinctly remembers playing upon these ruins when a boy. That gentleman is authority for saying the materials of the old fort were used in the construction of the foundations of some of the dwelling-houses now standing, and that some of the stones of which it was built form parts of the cellar-walls of the house owned and occupied by the late Doctor John D. Lincoln. of the Dunning house on the brow of the hill near the First Parish Meeting-House, of the Tontine Hotel, and other old buildings.
BLOCK-HOUSES AND GARRISONS.
The first fortified places in this vicinity, other than the fort, were probably erected by the Pejepscot proprietors in 1716, unless there is reason to suppose that Purchase, Stevens, and others of the very earliest settlers had garrisoned houses. In the record of a meeting of the proprietors, which was held October 9, 1716, the following occurs :-
" Agreed with Mr. Benjamin Swain to build the Chimneys in our House at Maquoit, and in our House at Small Point : the stack in each house to have four Fires at Fourty Shillings pr Fire, Each Brick Arch under the four Chimneys to be at Fourty Shillings pr Arch : The Stonework to be Four Shillings & 6d pr Perch, the Stuff to be at the Place, sd Swain to allow Boston Price for what Labour he has done by our Hands."
There is no positive evidence that the above were fortified buildings, but it is safe to presume so, since it is known that there were, in 1724
1 Pejepscot Records. 2 Ibid. 8 Pejepacot Papers. 4 Ibid.
634
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSIIAM, AND HARPSWELL.
and subsequently, a block-house and a well-fortified storehouse at Maquoit.
THE DUNNING GARRISON. - A short distance southwest of where the post-office now stands, in what was known as the Schwartkin garden, or in the rear of the Mclellan building, where a white cottage now is, David Dunning erected a strong timber garrison or block- house. It was two stories high, forty feet long, and twenty-two feet wide. The second story projected about three or four feet over the first. and the walls had loop-holes for the purpose of enabling the inmates to fire upon the Indians when necessity required. There was a tower on the top, from which the teams could be watched on their way to and from the Merriconeag Marshes.
The above-mentioned garrison was probably the largest one, but there are known to have been many others in different parts of the town, and there were probably some of which no account has been preserved. The location of all that were known will be given.
THE GIVEEN GARRISON. - On the elevation between New Wharf and Pennell's Wharf there was a garrison erected at an early date by David Giveen.
THE HINKLEY GARRISON. - There was a garrison in 1747 at New Meadows, which was built by Deacon Samuel Hinkley and two of his sons-in-law, named Thompson. It stood on the elevation. in the rear of the barn now owned by Mr. Bartlett Adams, and the outline of the garrison is still easily traced.
HAM'S GARRISON. - There was a garrison on Ham's Hill, near the head of New Meadows River, on the road to Bath. It was situated a few rods south of the road, on the top of the liill, on a ledge of rocks just back of the barn of Mr. Peterson, the present owner of the lot. It was near this garrison that Seth Hinkley was killed, in May, 1747. It was probably built or occupied by Joseph Smith, a tanner. No remains of this garrison are to be seen at the present day, though many of the large, square timbers of which it was composed remained on the site within the memory of persons now living. It was much exposed to attacks from the Indians on their route from New Mead- ows to Pejepscot.1
MCFARLAND'S GARRISON. - About 1730, James McFarland built a two-story block-house on what is now the corner of Maine and Mason Streets, where Day's Block now is. In this garrison Reverend Robert Dunlap lived for some years after he came to town.2
1 McKeen, MS. Lecture.
2 Pejepscot Papers.
635
FORTS, GARRISONS, CHURCHES, ETC., IN BRUNSWICK.
This garrison was of hewn timber, forty feet long by twenty feet wide. It was taken down a short time before the close of the Indian war.
MINOT'S GARRISON. - John Minot had a garrison and a storehouse about five rods west of where the late Henry Minot's house stood at Mair Point. The date of its erection is not known.
THE SKOLFIELD GARRISON. - This garrison was situated near where Mr. Peter Woodward now lives. It was built and owned by Thomas Skolfield. The date of its erection is not known.
THE GURNET POINT GARRISON is said to have been built and owned by Captain John Gatchell. 1
THE SPEAR GARRISON. - Nearly opposite the old meeting-house which stood on the Maquoit road, about a mile from the colleges, was once a garrison built by William and Robert Spear, and occupied by the latter. The wall was sixty or seventy feet in circumference, and ten feet high. Inside there was a one-story, gambrel-roofed house, which faced the east. and the back of which formed a part of the tim- ber wall. This garrison was once attacked by the Indians. Mr. Spear had placed some loose boards across one corner of the wall. An Indian climbed up on this corner in order to get inside and unbar the gates, but the boards extending outside of the wall, his weight caused them to tip up, and he fell back into an old sleigh, the noise, of course, arousing Mr. Spear.2
According to another account, the Indian fell back into a hog-pen, and it was the unusual grunting of its disturbed porcine occupant that awoke Mr. Spear.
Besides the garrisons which have been mentioned were dwellings which the occupants made proof against bullets by lining them with studs four inches thick. These houses had also apertures in different rooms, so that their owners might defend their own castle. Guns were kept in readiness for use in the house, and were carried by the settlers wherever they went.
THE GUN-HOUSE. - The old gun-honse, which stood on Centre Street, on the lot adjoining that of the present school-house, was built in 1808, and was destroyed by fire in 1809. It was at once rebuilt, and was occupied as a gun-house for the Brunswick artillery for many years. It is now a dwelling on the southern side of Franklin Street, near its eastern end.
THE POWDER-HOUSE. - The original powder-house was built in
1 Mc Keen, MS. Lecture.
2 Pejepscot Papers.
636
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
1804-5 by Samuel Melcher, who agreed to erect it for twenty dollars. In 1805 it was examined by a committee, and declared by them to be worth only four dollars and fifty cents. This amount the town paid, but would not accept the building. In 1816 the town authorized the selectmen to build a new powder-house at an expense of one hundred and fifty dollars This building stood on the top of the hill on Pleas- ant Street, which gave to the hill the name of Powder-House Hill.
TOWN-HOUSE. - For almost one hundred years after its incorpora- tion the town of Brunswick had no building of its own in which to hold its meetings, except the First Parish Meeting-House.
The first movement towards a town-house was in 1835. At a meeting of the town, held April 27, of this year, it was voted to build a town-house without unnecessary delay. In 1836 seven hundred dollars was appropriated, and a building committee was chosen, who were authorized to borrow three hundred dollars additional. The house was built this year on land given by Reverend William Allen and David Dunlap, Esquire.
It was built of brick, one story high, with fifteen-foot posts. The ground dimensions were sixty by forty-two feet. Richard T. Dunlap, Jacob Pennell, and Joseph McKeen were the building committee. The town voted to purchase a lot, at a price not exceeding fifty dol- lars, on the southeast corner of the lot on which President Allen's academy stood. The lot was to be four rods in front and to run back ten rods. The building committee were authorized to obtain any other lot, if deemed more desirable. They selected the one already mentioned, and the house was built on Maine Street, about opposite the southern end of the college grounds. Between March 16 and the June following, in the year 1857, this building was burnt, and the town, at its next meeting, authorized the selectinen to dispose of the ruins and lot. Since that time the town has been without a town hall, and its meetings have been held in halls leased for the purpose.
637
FORTS, GARRISONS, CHURCHES, ETC., IN BRUNSWICK.
MEETING-HOUSES.
The first meeting-house of the First Parish was situated about a mile south of the present edifice of that parish. It was located in the road in front of the graveyard. It faced south, and the travelled part of the road passed by the west end of the building.
The parsonage was a small, one-story house, situated just south of the graveyard, and faced the road.
In front of the meeting-house stood the stocks, and in the rear was the whipping-post.
North of the graveyard was a pound, with a substantial fence, gate, lock, and key.
The boards for this meeting-house are said to have been brought from Richmond Fort. The interior was never finished ; the walls were left bare, and as there was no ceiling, the roof-timbers were exposed to view. The pews were large and square, with seats on three sides. Over the pulpit was a sounding-board, which was sup- ported by two iron rods running obliquely from the posts to the front of the sounding-board. During the Revolution the east end of the house, next to the roof, was partitioned off and used as a powder magazine. The building was never warmed by a stove or fireplace. In severe weather many persons carried foot-stoves to meeting with them.
FIRST MEETING-HOUSE IN BRUNSWICK.
The municipal doings of the town regarding this building are of interest and are therefore inserted here. The first movement looking to the erection of the building was made in 1719, as will be seen from
638
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
the following extract 1 from the Records of the Township of Bruns- wick : -
" Att a Leagnal Town meeting in Brunswick Jany 9 : 1719 Voted, That the Timber for a Meeting House Be Prepared Raised & under- pind as soon as may bee, That whereas To methodize oversee & finish the work Capt Gyles, Elder Cochron, John Cochron, James Starrat & Joseph Heath are Chosen, This is Their authority for their proceed- ings in the Sd work. And the Towns obligation to Discharge ye Debt Contracted by Sd Committee for ye Compleating ye above Sª work
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