USA > Maine > Cumberland County > Harpswell > History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, including the ancient territory known as Pejepscot > Part 7
USA > Maine > Cumberland County > Brunswick > History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, including the ancient territory known as Pejepscot > Part 7
USA > Maine > Sagadahoc County > Topsham > History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Harpswell, Maine, including the ancient territory known as Pejepscot > Part 7
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1 Below Waterville. 2 Augusta. 8 Pejepscot Papers. 4 McKeen, MSS. Lecture.
5 Copied from the original in possession of H. W. Bryant, Esq., Portland.
61
PERIOD OF THE INDIAN WARS, 1675-1760.
" The Lord has maid a breach upon us and by taking away our brother from us the Lord has be reved father and mother of thare son and us of our brother. yeat thaey and we must say with Job the Lord gaive and the Lord hath taken away Blessed be the name of the Lord.
"· Sister reliance is brought abaed and has lost hur child but she is like to do weal but she has bin near to the gates of death but through the tender mearcies of God she is like to do well.
" So I remain your loving brother
" ISAAC HINKLEY.
"TO MR. SAMUEL SCAMMON Saco." 1
Four days subsequently the Indians fired upon a canoe, containing four persons, as it was coming up through the narrows below Cow Island. The boat contained Mr. and Mrs. Moffitt, William Potter, and William Thorn, a soldier in Topsham. under Captain William Burns. Moffitt and Potter were killed. Thorn had his arm shot off. Mrs. Moffitt succeeded, with some assistance from Thorn, in paddling the canoe to the Brunswick side of the river, and thus enabled them both to eseape .? Thorn asked for aid from the General Court, and on May 31, 1748, twelve pounds were allowed him.
August 19th a man was wounded somewhere in Brunswick, and a boy taken prisoner. In the early part of September four men were killed and scalped in a corn-field, in Topsham, only about twenty rods from the garrison, by twelve Indians. Probably one of these was Richard Crain. said to have been killed August 27th. One of the men had seven bullets shot through his body.3 In the same magazine front which the above extracts were taken ocenrs the following account : -
"' BOSTON, Nov. 16.
" We are informed by Capt Woodside, that on the fifth Instant towards Evening, a Lad about 16 Years old, going out of Brunswiek Fort at the Eastward, saw eleven Men dressed with Coats and Hats coming towards him, which he took for Englishmen, till they came up to him, when he found them to be Indians, one of which seized him as his Prisoner, which the Lads Father observing from the Fort, dis- charged his Gun (loaded with Swan-Shot) at the Indian and wounded him, upon which he immediately quitted the Lad, who ran towards the Fort, but was unfortunately shot down by the other Indians. The
1 Scummon married Mehitable Hinkley.
2 Williamson, Smith, Me Keen, et als. Massachusetts Records, Vol. 73, pp. 163, 164.
3 Historical Magazine, Vols. 9 and 10. Extracts from New York Gazette, dated Sept. 14, 1747.
/
62
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
People of the Garrison got the Lad into the Fort alive, but he died of his Wounds soon after : He said the Indian that took him was mor- tally wounded by his Father's Shot, one of which struck him (the Boy) in the Ball of his Hand."
In 1748 the Indians made their appearance rather earlier than usual, - on the last of April. A company of soldiers kept open communi- cation between Fort George and Maquoit: They were, however, fre- quently annoyed by the Indians, who lay in ambush. On their first appearance this spring, a number of them hid in the bushes on the west side of Mair Brook and fired upon Captain Burns as he was cross- ing the brook with a file of men. They killed him and a Mr. Bragg, and captured a Mr. Werburn, whom they took to Canada. A day or two afterwards a boy of Doctor Spear's was watering a horse at a well near the house, when he was fired at, and he and the horse were both killed.1
May 3d of this same year, Captain Burnell and one other were killed at Brunswick, and on another occasion Lieutenant Mackburn was killed at the place called " Spawell." 2
Although during the winter of 1748 there were some prospects of a peace, and the Indians were comparatively quiet, yet troops were kept in service for the defence of the Eastern inhabitants, and twelve men were left to garrison Fort George. A treaty of peace was concluded October 16, 1749.
Although the war was now declared at an end, yet the Indians had been too much excited to remain perfectly quiet, and fresh outbreaks and massacres occasionally occurred.
Early in the year 1750 a woman on the old " Skipper Malcom " place in Topsham had died. She was to have been buried one after- noon in March, and a new grave was dug. At the time appointed the house was filled with neighbors. The burial services had closed, and the procession formed for the march to the grave, when a snow- squall came up and prevented the burial, which was deferred until the next day. The storm was the severest that had been known for many years, and lasted four days. No interment could take place until the fifth day. Some three years afterwards it was ascertained that a large party of Indians, who had been making an unsuccessful foray upon the settlements around Yarmouth, were making their way north, toward the Chaudiere River, when they learned, from a prisoner whom they had captured at Flying Point, that a funeral was to take place on
1 Smith's Journal, p. 133.
2 Spawell was near Mair Brook. Pejepscot Papers.
63
PERIOD OF THE INDIAN WARS, 1675-1760.
the afternoon of the next day, at the graveyard near the upper part of Merrymeeting Bay. They resolved to ambush the procession and massacre the whole settlement at one blow. They waited for the fu- neral procession the whole afternoon and the first night. The storm saved the settlers, but nearly destroyed the Indians, who suffered severely.1
In July, 1751, the Indians came upon a party of seven settlers who were getting in their hay at New Meadows. These men were at work on the side of the hill north of the railroad at Harding's Station, on the farm now occupied by Mr. Chapin Weston. The Indians, discovering that the party were some way from their guns, ran and cut off their retreat. This party of farmers consisted of Edmund, Isaac, and Gideon Hinkley ; Deacon Samuel Whitney and his son Samnel, who was only a boy ; Hezekiah Purington and Samuel Lumbers. Isaac Hinkley was killed while attempting to escape. He fell in the gully at the lower part of the field, south of the railroad track, and his body was not found until the next spring. The rest were all taken prisoners and carried to Canada, where they suffered many hard- ships.
They were afterwards exchanged and returned home. The govern- ment provided for their families during their captivity.2
The following memorial to the General Court, of one of the captives, will be read with interest in this connection : -
".'TO THE HONBLE SPENCER PHIPS, ESQ LT. GOVR & COMMANDER IN CHIEF FOR THE TIME BEING. THE HONBLE HIS MAJESTYS COUNCILL & HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN GENERAL COURT DECEMBER 4, 1751.
THE MEMORIAL OF SAMUEL WHITNEY OF BRUNSWICK
HUMBLY SHEWETH
" That your Memorialist & his Son Samuel, with five more of the Inhabitants, While at work together mowing their Hay, on Wednes- day ye 24 day of July last about two o'clock in the afternoon were sur- rounded & surprised by nineteen Indians & one Frenchman, who were all armed, & in an hostile manner did seize upon & by Force of Arms, obliged them to submitt their Lives into their hands, and one of our said number, viz. Isaac Hinckley in attempting to make his escape was killed in a barbarous Manner & Scalped. After we were secured
1 The foregoing tradition is from the diary of the late James MeKeen, M. D., of Tops ham.
2 Pejepscot Papers.
64
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
by said Indians, they destroyed and wounded between 20 & 30 head of Cattle belonging to ye Inhabitants, some of which were the prop- erty of your Memorialist. The said party of Indians were nine of them of Norridgewalk Tribe, one of whom was well known, the other were Canada Indians. That the Norridgewalk Indians appeared more for- ward for killing all the Captives but were prevented by the other Indians.
" Your memorialist was by them Carried to Canada & there sold for 126 Livres - And the said Indians when they came to Canada were new cloathed & had New Guns given them with plenty of Provisions as an encouragement for this exploit. That the Gov" of the Penobscot Tribe was present when your memorialist was sent for to sing a Chorus, as is their custom of using their captives. & manifested equal Joy wh the other Indians, that took them. And the Norridgewalk Tribe had removed from Norridgewalk & were now sett down on Canada River near Quebec, supposed to be drawn there by the Influence of the French. These things your memorialist cannott omitt observing to yr Honours, and his Redemption was purchased by one Mr. Peter Lit- tlefield formerly taken a captive & now resident among thiem, to whom your memorialist stands indebted for said 126 Livres being the price of his Liberty, which when he had so far obtained, he applied to ye Govern' of Canada for a Pass, who readily granted it, that his Return to Boston was by way of Louisbourgh, when said Pass. was taken from him by the lord Intendant, on some Pretence which he could not obtain of him again.
. " Your memorialists son yet remaining in Captivity among the In- dians with three more that were taken at ye same time, and he has a wife and 8 children under difficult circumstances by reason of this mis- fortune.
" Your memorialist having thus represented his unhappy sufferings to this Honble Court humbly recommends his Case to the Compassion of this Honble Court hoping they will in their great Goodness provide for ye Redemption of his Son & enable him to answer his obligation to said Mr. Littlefield, who was so kind to pay for his Ransom. Your memorialist being in no Capacity to answer that Charge as thereby he is reduced to great poverty otherwise grant him that Relief as in their Wisdom & Goodness shall seem best -
" Your memorialist as in duty bound shall ever pray &c
" SAMUEL WHITNEY."
On the back of this paper is the following indorsement : -
65
PERIOD OF THE INDIAN WARS, 1675-1760.
" 1751. CAPTIVES TAKEN.
" Hez. Purington Sam'll Whitney Edmª Hinkley
returned.
Gideon Hinkley Samuel Lombard
Samuel Whitney Jun' returned. Isaac Hinkley killed.
"July 24th 1751."1
There is a tradition that the friends of young Hinkley, supposing that he was carried off by the Indians, did not search for him. Early in the spring of the following year, it was noticed that a dog, which had belonged to Hinkley, went every day to the gully where he fell. The dog was followed and the remains were thus discovered, but they had been so long exposed to the weather and to the ravages of wild beasts that they were in such a condition as to be unrecognizable by dress or features, and it was only by a peculiar string found in one of the shoes that the remains were identified.
FRENCH, OR SIXTH INDIAN WAR. 1754-1760.
When the last of the series of Indian wars commenced, in 1754, the government of Massachusetts deemed it unnecessary to retain Fort George any longer, but votedl the sum of £470 towards building a fort at the Ten-Mile Falls instead, and for other military purposes.2 This action, so far as the fort was concerned, was premature.
Early this year, Adam Hunter, of Topsham, received a commission as captain, with authority to raise an independent company. The fol- lowing is a copy of the commission :-
" PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY.
" WILLIAM SHIRLEY ESQ., CAPTAIN-GENERAL AND GOVERNOR-IN-CHIEF [L. S.] IN & OVER HIS MAJESTY'S PROVINCE OF YE MASSACHUSETTS BAY IN NEW ENGLAND &C.
" TO ADAM HUNTER. GENTLEMAN, Greeting :
" By virtue of ye power & authority, in & by his Majesty's Royal Commission to me granted to be Captain General, &c., over this his Majesty's Province of ye Massachusetts Bay aforesaid ; I do (by these
1 Pejepscot Papers.
2 Massachusetts Records, 1754, p. 325.
5
66
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
presents) reposing especial trust and confidence in your loyalty, cour- age, and good conduct, constitute & appoint you to be a Captain of an Independent company of fifteen volunteers forthwith to be raised in ye town of Topsham & parts adjacent in ye County of York ; for marching upon any sudden alarm to ye relief & protection of any neighbouring English Fort or settlement (mentioned in ye instructions herewith s[ent]) which shall be attacked or molested by Indians ; & for cutting off their retreat.
" You are therefore carefully & diligently to discharge ye duty of a captain in leading, ordering & exercising said Company in Arms, both inferiour officers and soldiers, & to keep them in good order & disci- pline ; hereby commanding them to obey you as their captain - & yourself to observe & follow such orders & instructions, as you shall from time to time receive from me, or ye commander in chief for ye time being, or other your superiour oficers for his Majesty's service, according to military rules & discipline, pursuant to ye trust reposed in you.
" Given under my hand & seal at arms at Boston, the fourth day of March, in ye twenty seventh year of ye Reign of his Majesty King George ye Second, Annoq : Domini, 1754."
[Signed] W. SHIRLEY.
By His Excellency's
Command.
[Signed] J. WILLARD Secr'y.1
Hostilities commenced in this vicinity, May 9, 1756. On that day a party of Indians assembled on the high lands of Topsham, con- certed their plans, and agreed to meet there on their return. They divided into two parties. One party was to go to Flying Point, and the other to Maquoit, Middle Bay, and New Meadows. The second party skulked about Maquoit for a while and then went to Middle Bay, where they looked into the house of John Giveen, who, with his wife, had gone to meeting at Harpswell. In the afternoon, while the Indians lay concealed in the bushes at Smith's Brook, three men - Abijalı Young, and John and Richard Starbird, who were on their return from meeting at New Meadows-passed by. These men belonged, probably, to Captain Samuel Goodwin's company, which scouted between Fort George and Maquoit.2 They were well armed. The Indians darted from their concealment and fired at them. In
1 Copied from the original, Sept. 23, 1833, by Lithgow Hunter, of Topsham.
2 Pejepscot Papers.
67
PERIOD OF THE INDIAN WARS, 1675-1760.
their surprise and fright, the men dropped their guns and ran. Young was wounded and carried off a prisoner.
The other party of Indians appeared Sunday, at daylight, at the house of Thomas Means, at Flying Point, in what is now Freeport. This was a fortified house and the doors were securely fastened. The Indians, however, battered it open by means of a log and thus effected an entrance. Thomas Martin, the father of Captain Matthew, was asleep in his chamber, and being so suddenly aroused was unable to find his gun, and consequently remained in concealment. One of the children concealed herself in the ash-hole. This daughter, Alice, after- wards married Mr. Clement Skolfield, eldest son of Thomas, and was the mother of Captain George Skolfield. Mr. Means, his wife, child, and wife's sister, Miss Molly Finney, were taken out of the house. Mr. Means was held by the arms between two stalwart In- dians, while a third one shot him through the breast and scalped him. While this was being done, Mrs. Means, with a child in her arms, ran into the house, closed the door, and placed a chest against it. The Indians, on their return to the house, finding the door refastened, pointed a gun through a hole and fired at her. The ball passed through her breast, killing the infant in her arms. They succeeded in getting into the house again, and while they were in the entry, Mar- tin, who had found his gun, fired down through his chamber-floor and wounded one of them. This frightened them off and they left the place, taking with them the wounded Indian and Miss Finney, who was heard crying loudly for rescue. She was carried off in her night- clothes. When they got to the hill in Topsham they were met by the second party, who had Young a prisoner. The latter advised Miss Finney to seize the first blanket she could. She succeeded in getting and retaining one. The subsequent adventures of this lady, though interesting, are not so exciting as what has been related.
The Indians took their prisoners through the wilderness to Quebec. Here Miss Finney was sold to a farmer and put to work in the field. The farmer, not satisfied with her work there, afterwards put hier in his kitchen. While here, she attracted the attentions of a French- inan. Her master, in consequence, being displeased, used to lock her in her chamber when she was not at work. Not many months after this, Captain Mcclellan, of Falmouth, was at Quebec with a cartel of exchange. Having been formerly acquainted with Miss Finney, he sought after and finally found her. A time and mode of escape were agreed upon. At the time fixed he went to her window and threw her a rope. She let herself down, escaped to his vessel, and after a
68
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSHAM, AND HARPSWELL.
fair voyage arrived at Portland. She afterwards married the man who had been so instrumental to her release.1 Young obtained his liberty in about a year, but died in Halifax of the small-pox.2
In 1756 a garrison was built in Topsham and the defence of it was given to Captain Lithgow.3 On May 18, 1757, a party of seventeen Indians waylaid Captain Lithgow and a party of eight men, at Tops- ham, and had a short but sharp engagement with them. Two of Lithgow's party were wounded and two of the Indians were killed, 4 Disheartened at the result, the savages withdrew, taking with them the dead bodies of their companions. They afterwards, however, as they went up the river, took their revenge by killing two white men.5
Shortly after this event John Malcom and Daniel Eaton were going to Maquoit for salt hay, or were returning with some, when they were waylaid by some Indians. Malcom escaped, but Eaton received a bullet in his wrist, was captured, and was carried to Canada, where he remained about a year. He was the son of Moses Eaton who was killed at Pleasant Point in 1722.6 According to another account, he was the son of Samuel Eaton, of Salisbury, Mass.7 Eaton was cap- tured by the famous Indian chief, Sabattis, who sold him for four dollars. The only food they had to eat, on their way to Canada, was a par- tridge which Sabattis shot, and of which he gave Eaton all the better part, reserving for himself only the head and entrails, which he ate with apparent relish. Years after (about 1800), Sabattis passed through Brunswick, and while there entered the store of John Perry, which was on the site of the store now occupied by Barton Jordan. Quite a crowd of villagers collected to see the old chief, and Dean Swift, then a lad of eight years, was sent to inform 'Daniel Eaton, who was then an old man, that Sabattis was in the store. Eaton, who was at work piling shingles for Colonel William Stanwood in what is now the yard of the estate of the late A. C. Robbins, Esquire, came to the store, and was at once recognized by Sabattis, who seemed to be really glad to see him. At the request of some of those in the store, Eaton drew up his sleeve to show the buckshot in his arm, which were fired by Sabattis at the time of Eaton's capture. Sabattis looked at the arm with reluctance, saying, " That long time ago ; war time too."
1 McKeen, MSS. Lecture. Massachusetts Historical Collections, 4 Ser. Vol. 5, p. 415.
2 Williamson, History of Maine, 2, p. 320.
8 Sewall, Ancient Dominions of Maine, p 306.
4 Williamson, History of Maine, 2, p. 325.
5 Sewall, Ancient Dominions of Maine, p. 308.
6 Pejepscot Papers.
7 McKeen, MSS. Lecture.
69
PERIOD OF THE INDIAN WARS, 1675-1760.
After a short but friendly chat with Eaton, Sabattis shook hands and left the store and went on his way.1
Although a treaty of peace was not made until the spring of 1760, yet the war had virtually ceased at this time, and accordingly the fort was dismantled, and on Dec. 19, 1758, was leased by the proprietors, to whom it had reverted.
·
These Indian wars occupied a period of nearly eighty-five years, and during nearly all this time the settlers were accustomed, at every alarm, to congregate in the fort at Brunswick or the block house at Maquoit, though towards the close many were in garrisons in other parts of the town and in Topsham. At times these defences were so crowded that temporary booths and camps were made outside of, but near to them. There were but few garrisons in Harpswell, as from its local situation it was not subject to assaults by the Indians.2
There were a few other cases of massacres and violence on the part of the Indians, besides those which have been related, but accounts of them are, for the most part, entirely traditional and indefinite, both as to dates and localities, and often as to the individuals concerned in them.
An account of the manners and customs of life at this period belongs to another chapter, but one tradition is here given to show the expedients to which those in the fort, during the raids of the Indians, were often obliged to resort. It is said that at one time, when the inhabitants were obliged to seek refuge in Fort George, they had no neighbors nearer than at Bath, then called " The Reach." This place was distant fifteen miles by water, which was the only safe way of communicating between the two posts. In Fort George was a dog which had been taught to carry letters and which would take one to Bath in about two hours' time. On arriving there he would howl until he gained admission to the fort at that place, and would receive an answer, which he would as speedily fetch back to Brunswick. At last he was killed by an Indian. The garrisons were now deprived of this means of communication. An active and zealous youth undertook, however, to take the place of the four-footed messenger. "I," said he, " will carry your messages by water." For two successive sum- iners this brave youth went between the two posts, swimming a great part of the way. He went chiefly in the night-time, resting by day in the rushes that grew around the shores of Merrymeeting Bay. At
1 Reminiscences of Dean Swift.
2 Memoranda of Rev. Samuel Eaton, in Pejepscol Papers.
70
HISTORY OF BRUNSWICK, TOPSIIAM, AND HARPSWELL
length he was captured by the Indians and carried to Canada. From the latter country he soon, however, made his escape, and returned to Fort George, where he soon "resumed his swimming mail route." He was afterwards captured a second time by the famous Indian chief, Sabattis. What further became of him is unknown.1
1 Putnam, Description of Brunswick, Me., by a gentleman from South Carolina, p. 32.
PART II.
TOPOGRAPHICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE.
5
6.
U23
20
15-14
012
104
R32
024
216
= 13
849
94
: 591 48
531
53
5
1/00
62m
6
99
98
63m
655
660
670
682
172
1 68
...
8
83
. 78
· 76
0 77
Map of Brunswick and Topsham Villages in 1802.
59
60
550 54
3
30
REFERENCES TO THE FOREGOING MAP.
1. Mrs Hinkley.
2. James Purinton.
3. Humphrey Thompson.
4. Capt. Nathl. Melcher.
5. Dr. Benj. J. Porter. (Resi- dence. )
6. Luther Kimball. (Cabinet-
maker's shop )
7. School-house.
8. Blacksmith's shop.
9. James Stone.
10. James Stone. (Store.)
11. Dr. Porter.
12. Hugh Wilson.
13. John Hern.
14. Eben Ferrin.
15. John Haley.
16. Joseph Haley.
17. Lawrence Humphreys.
18. Saw mill.
19. Shoemaker's shop.
20. Gideon Walker.
21. Joseph Swett.
22. Stephen Bradford.
23. Jairus Fuller.
24. Obed Burnham. (Pump and block-maker's shop.)
25. James Blanchard. (Store.)
26. Ezra Smith.
27. Larrabee & Emery (Dwell- ing.)
28 Humphrey Purinton.
29. Store.
30. Store.
31. Isaac Johnson.
32. Larrabee & Emery. (Hat- ters.)
33. Porter & King (Store )
34. Henry Wilson. (Store.)
35. James Cushman. (Store.)
36. Francis Tucker. (Inn.)
37. Blacksmith's shop.
38. David Flagg.
39. Shoemaker's shop.
40. Hodge mill.
41. Granny Hole mill.
42. Grist mill and fulling mill.
43. James Thompson.
44. Saw mill.
45. Grist mill.
46. Saw mill.
47. Saw mill.
48. Waldron.
49. Ruins of Fort George.
50. Jere Moulton.
51. Cutting Noyes.
52. Store.
53. Daniel & (Store.)
Jotham Stone.
54. Amos Lunt.
55 John Brown.
56. Bisbee's shop.
57. Grist mill.
58. 2 saw mills and grist mill.
59. Mr. Bisbee.
60. Thos Pool.
61.
John Dunlap's mansion
62 Trueworthy Kilgore.
63. Store.
64. Capt. Richard Tappan.
65. Store-house.
66. Major Swift.
67. William Owen.
68 Law office.
69. P. O. Alden.
70. John Dunning.
71.
John
Swartkin &
Caleb
Cushing's store.
72 School-house.
73. Robert D .- Dunning.
74. Charles Ryan.
75. Store.
76. Samuel Stanwood.
77 President's House (being built).
78. Massachusetts Hall.
79. Inn.
80. Col. Estabrook's bakery.
81. Timothy Weymouth.
82. Barn
83. Cabinet shop.
84. Shimuel Owen
85 Col. Thomas Estabrook.
86. Rev. Ebenezer Coffin.
87. Mr. Heath.
88. Mr. Brooks.
89. Aaron Melcher.
90. Dr. Charles Coffin.
91. Ebenezer Nichols.
92. John Perry's store.
93. Samuel Emerson.
94. Store and office.
95. John Perry. 96. Store.
97.
Col. Stanwood.
98. Store.
99 Daniel Coombs.
100.
James Carey.
101.
Caleb Cushing.
102. Eli Cox. (Pottery.)
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