USA > Michigan > Macomb County > History of Macomb County, Michigan > Part 1
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1882.
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HISTORY 11
OF
MACOMB COUNTY,
MICHIGAN,
CONTAINING
AN ACCOUNT OF ITS SETTLEMENT, GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESOURCES. AN EXTENSIVE AND MINUTE SKETCH OF ITS CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES-THEIR IMPROVEMENTS, INDUSTRIES, MANUFACTORIES, CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES; ITS WAR RECORD, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT MEN AND EARLY SETTLERS; THE WHOLE PRECEDED BY A HISTORY OF MICHIGAN, STATISTICS OF THE STATE, AND AN ABSTRACT OF ITS LAWS AND CONSTITUTION AND OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
Illustrated.
L'BRARY OF CONGRESS 183^
CITY OF Y NGTON
CHICAGO. M. A LEESON & CO. 1882.
A
ulver frage Boyne
S PRINTERS 118 &120 MONROE SI G
CHICAGO
-70 ?
WRITER'S PREFACE.
The period has passed away forever when the once philosophic phrase -- a thousand years scarce serve to form a State. could be used with propriety. The same may now be said of history. The busy activities of our days, the march of progress, the wonderful advances of science and art, contribute to the realization of ideas, and crowd into a period of fifty years a greater number of remarkable and important events, than fifty decades of olden times in the Eastern World could offer to the chronicler. Therefore, the compila- tion of history is not only justifiable. but also essential. It is the enduring record of years that can only through it be recalled. of men who will be honored by the American manhood of this and coming generations.
This work is dedicated to the people of Macomb County. With the exception of the first part, the history of Michigan. it is distinctively local, and as such must be considered a magnificent record of a worthy people. The work of the French and American pioneers of Macomb extends over a century. Within that period, they have raised it from its prim- itive condition to the rank of one of the first divisions of the State-cultivated its wild lands. built its villages and towns and brought into existence two important centers of population-Mt. Clemeus and Romeo. They transmuted the marsh into firm earth, re- moved the forests. and decorated the river banks with happy homes and fertile fields. It is difficult to point out precisely the men who were foremost in contributing to this result: all share in the prosperity of the county. and take a special pride in its advancement; each citizen has experienced the luxury of doing good. and feels that life is not now a mere shadow of a dream. The alarms and anxieties attendant on the pioneer life have been changed to certainties and happy greetings. Those who saw the primeval forest waving over the land, lived on through the days of its destruction to see the clearings covered with the houses of merchants and manufacturers. or the fields and homes of a prosperous people. They wear the honors which justly belong to them; while those who died, oh- tained a glimpse of what they labored for before passing away, and live in the memory of the present. The pioneers who are gone beheld the budding desires of younger days ex pand into the flower, and. seeing. went to the undiscovered land beyond the grave. leaving their memories and their deeds to be carried down the stream of time.
In these pages, an effort has been made to treat the history of the county in a full and impartial manner. Doubtless a few inaccuracies may have crept in; but such must be attributed to other causes, rather than carelessness. In regard to the pages devoted to personal history, a large sum of money. much labor and time have been expended on them. Even after the personal notes taken by the township historian were rewritten, and in many instances submitted, this very copy was placed on type-writer and mailed to the person concerned for revision. The biographies given here, together with their collection, would necessitate the steady work of one experienced man for five years. The collection of such facts as appear in the State and County histories, would entail on an inexperienced writer ten years' steady work, while the compilation of township histories, as they appear
iv
WRITER'S PREFACE.
here, would doubtless occupy the attention of such a writer for a year. Within a few months, this work has been begun and completed. Notwithstanding this remarkable celerity, it will be evident that little or nothing, which should have a place in its pages, has been omitted. It will also be evident throughout that the writer of the general history. as well as the gentlemen who collected the biographical notices, have realized the simple fact of undeserved praise being undisguised satire. In some instances. this realization may have led to too brief references to many men, an account of whose lives might occupy many pages.
The plan of this work is specially adapted to a great record book. All things per- taining in general to the State are dealt with in the State history, and form, as it were, an introduction to the county history. The latter is carried down from the first Otchipwe invasion to the present time, treating fully and impartially every subject of general in- terest to the people. So with the cities and the villages-they have been very liberally sketched; while each township has just sufficient notice given it to render its history a most valuable record for the future.
We have been ably assisted in the work by the members of the county press. The written sketches of Judge James B. Eldredge, Edgar Weeks. John E. Day. Rev. H. N. Bissell, Dr. Hollister, were all requisitioned and yielded up a mine of historical informa- tion.
The reminiscences of early settlement were selected from the writings of members of the pioneer society, while the numerous anecdotes were written from facts obtained from the old settlers.
To the county officers our most sincere thanks are offered-first. for placing their well-kopt records at our disposal; second. for the material aid rendered in searching old record books, and lastly. for the genial courtesy which marked their intercourse with us on all occasions.
To Chauncey (. Cady. George H. Cannon and John E. Day, members of the His- torical Committee of the Pioneer Society. we desire to extend our thanks for the deep in- terest which they have taken in the work. as well as recognition of their faithful labors on the Committee of Revision and Correction.
The gentlemen engaged in the biographical department of the work were H. O. Brown, in Bruce and Washington; W. M. Bucklin, at Romeo; E. B. Belden. in Ray; F. A. Stitt. in Sterling: Thomas Mitchell. in Harrison and Erin: William Dicer. in Shelby; Jesse Cloud, in Utica: George T. Mason, at Mt. Clemens City; S. A. Stinson. in Chester- field: John E. Day, Secretary of the Pioneer Society. compiled the general and biograph- ical history of Armada and Richmond Townships; Horatio N. Richards, of Lenox. and Calv n Davis, of Macomb.
The support extended to the history was not so general as it should be: yet we feel satisfied that the quality of our subscribers compensates in a great measure for the loss in number, by rendering our book so excellent in its biographical features. While the work deals with the county generally, it has. from a historical standpoint, been written expressly for those who supported it. The very few among the intelligent classes who did not order a book eannot now obtain a copy from us. To all we have given a history. which we be- lieve is perfect in detail, and from the patrons of the work we ask only a careful perusal of the various chapters before their criticism.
CHICAGO. July, 1882.
M A. LEESON.
--
CONTENTS.
HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.
PAGE.
CHAPTER 1 .- The Aborigines. .... 17
The First Immigration 18
The Second Iuimmigration 19
The Tartars.
21
CHAPTER Il-French Exploration and Settlement
22
the Recent Discoveries of St. Igoece ... 29
La Salle's Travels .. 34
Detroit ..
35
CHAPTER III .- The French and Indian War .. 38
CHAPTER IV .- NATIONAL POLICIES-British Policy 44
American Policy ... 44
Ordinance of 1787 15
CHAPTER V .- MILITARY HISTORY .- Pontiac's Siege of
Detroit ... 48
Expeditions of Harmar, Scott and Wilkinson. 50
Expeditions of St. Clair and Wayne. 53
Gen. Wayne's Great Victory ... 54
Revolutionary War .. 56
Hull's Surrender 58
Perry's Victory. 59
Close of the War .. 61
The Tecumseh War 62
The Black Hawk War. 66
The Toledo War. 66
The Patriot War. 74
The Mexican War. 78
The War of 1861-65. 78
CHAPTER VI .- POLITICAL HISTORY 79
Administration of Gen. Cass. 82
Gen. George B. Porter's Administration. 89
Administration of Gov. Horoer. 91
State Officers. 97
Political Statistics. 101
CHAPTER VII -MISCELLANEOUS .- Fur Traders and Slave Owners
103
Slavery iu Michigan. 103
Sale of Negro Man Pompey 106
Public School System 106
State University 107
State Normal School 108
Agricultural College. 108
Other Colleges.
109
Charitable Institutions
111
The State Public School.
111
Institution for Deaf. Dumb and Blind 112
Asylums for the Insane ... 113
Penal Institutions 113
The State Prison in ISSO. 114
State Reform School. 115
The Land Office-State Library 116
State Fisheries. I18
CHAPTER VIII .- STATE SOCIETIES .- Pioneer Society of Michigan .. 118
Roll of Pioneers 119
First State Historical Society 126
State Agricultural Society .. 120
State Pomological Society. 126
State Firemen's Association 126
State Board of Public Health 127
CHAPTER IX .- MICHIGAN AND ITS RESOURCES. - Iron and
Steel Industries 127
Tbe Copper Product. 128
The Products of a Year. 129
Michigan Crops for 1881
The Vessel Interest. 131
Growth of Forty Years 131
Leading the Van
132
HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY.
CHAPTER X .- Introduction 133
Geological Conformativos. 135
Superficial Materials. 130
Gas Wells.
Subterranean Channels
139
Water Reservoirs.
139
Aucient Lake Sites ..
141
Mineral Waters ..
141
The Salt Springs of 1797.
142
Mt. Clemens Magnetic Waters.
142
Analysis
144 145
Fossils.
Review of Physical Characteristics. 1.45
Archæological 146
Forts and Mouuds of Macomb. 148
The Second Mound-Stone Mounds. 149
150
Survey by S. L. Audrews
151
Huge Skeletons ...
152
Sundry Discoveries.
152
Zoological-Bitds
154
Mammalia.
100
The Flora of the County
Meteorological-The Big Snows
163
The Black Days ...
164
Tornado of 1835-The Meteor and Comet.
165
Eclipse of the Mooo. 1881
166
CHAPTER X1 .- THE INDIANS
166
The Otchipwe Invasion
168
The Miamnis and Pottawatomies
170
Reign of the Cholera
Indian Treaties-Treaty of Greenville.
171
Treaty of Detroit. 172
Treaty of Brownstown-Treaty of Saginaw
173
Well-koown Savages. 174
The Eagle Chief 176
Okemos. 179
A Legend of Cusick Lakr. 180
Early Traders and Interpreters ISI
Distinguished Early Settlers .. 186
Captivity of the Boyer Family. 187
The Lost Child .. 188
The Indians' Raid. 190
Indians on the Trail of an American. 190
Visit to the Indiau Village 191
Manners and Customs. 193
CHAPTER XII .- The French Pioneers 1944
Detroit 10 1763. 197
The Pioneer Land Buyers of Maconib ..
Squatters' ('laims .. . 2010
Indian Reservations. 213
Le Riviere an Vases and Maconee Reserves 213
163
Forts Numbers Two and Three ...
PAGE
2
PAGE.
Mt. Clemons .. 330
New Baltimore- Richmond 335 Armada-Personal Noticed. 336
CHAPTER XIX .- POETRY OF MACOMB .- The World's Pioneer 344 A Child'a Prayer 346
A Legend of Shelby Township 347
Who Dongles the Bell ?... 347
My Mother .. 348
The Garden of the Heart .. 348
April Storms-1lappy To- Night 349
The Lonely Grave. 349
On the Death of Lincoln 350
CHAPTER XXII .- THE WAR FOR THE UNION .- Appoint- ments and Statistics .... 374
Record of Commissioned Officers. 376
Third Michigan Infe try 385 Fourth Michigan Infantry 386
Fifth Michigan Infantry. 387
Sixth Michigan Infantry. 392
Seventh Michigan Infantry 392
Tenth Michigan Infantry 394
Eleventh Michigan Infantry 395
Twelfth, Thirteenth and Fourteenth Michigan Infantry .. 396 Fifteenth and Sixteenth Michigan Infantry. 397
Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Michigan In- fantry 398
Twentieth, Twenty-first and Twenty-second Michigan Infantry 399
Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth and Twenty-seventh Michigan Infantry 410
Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Michigan Infantry. 411
First Michigan Colored Infantry. 412
First Michigan Engineers and Mechanics. 412
270 First Michigan Cavalry 413
Second Michigan Cavalry 415
Third Michigan Cavalry
416
Fourth and Fifth Michigan Cavalry 416
Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Michigan Cavalry 420
Ninth and Tenth Michigan ('avalry. 423
Eleventh Michigan Cavalry-Light Artillery. 424
Soldiers and Sailors of Macomb and St. Clair. 424
Conclusion.
430
CHAPTER XX111 .- OLDEN ENTERPRISES .- The City of Bel- videre. 432
Belvidere Land Titles. 433
Frederick or Casino-Other Villages. 435 Tremble ('reek ... 435
Railroads and Navigation
436
The Werks Contract
43x
Action of the U. S. Troops. 438
Clinton River.
440
Harbor of Refuge, Belle River. 441
CHAPTER XXIV .- COURTS AND BAR OF MAYOMB .- Circuit Court. 442
Retirement of Judge Morell .. 412
The Grand Jury and the Judge 445 Admissions to the Bar of Macomb County 445
The Present Bar
447
Important Trials. 148
Electioneering in 1873 448
The Hatheway Estatr, Air Line Snit. 449 The County Court House 450 Meeting of Romeo Citizens .. 451
Logic of the Conservatives 451 Laying the Corner Stone. 454
Mayor Crocker's Address 455
The County Jail.
460
CHAPTER XXV .- COUNTY FINANCES AND STATISTICS. Towns and Villages, Population in 1850-60. 465 Macomb Connty Statistics in 1850.
vi
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
CHAPTER XIII .- THE MORAVIANS .- Settlement of the Mo- ravian Suspects ... 214 Moravian Indians, 178] 215
Moravianianı
216
Moravian Marriages.
216
Moravian Manners, Hubits and CustoDI9. 217
The Moravian Village.
217
The Geraian Immigration of 1845 219
CHAPTER XIV .- PIONEER HISTORY. 219
Society of 1871.
Organization of the County Pioneers.
221
Charter Members .. 224
Members Enrolled Since Organization.
225
C Clemens in a British Dungeon
237
Distinguished Visitant. 238
238 Chastising a Savage. Col. John Stockton-Thomas Ashley: 239 First Michigan Infantry ... 384 Second Michigan Infantry 385
Chauncey G. Cady ..
240
William A. Burt.
241
The Settlement of the Darlings .. 243
Corbyn Reminiscences 244
Carter Reminiscences. 245
Daniel W. Day's Reminiscences. 246
Reminisceaces of John D. Holland 248
Ninth Michigan Infantry 393 The Past and Present-Poem 254
CHAPTER XV .- PIONEER REMINISCENOFS .- Pioneer Mothers 259 The First Homes of the People 260 The Keg of Gold. 261
Recluse of the Marsh-A Mother-in-law's Journey. 262
Detroit to Mt. Clemens ... 262
Fortunate Hunters 263
Deer Hunting-Harrington's Coon Hunting 264
Bunce and O'Keefe-Rear Experiences. 265
Dr. Gleeson and the Reptile 265 Deer Hunting Made Easy. 266
Reminiscences of the Builey Settlement. 266
The Deer of Providence.
268
Political Turncoat-Inwood's Bear Hunting.
A Bear in Brnce
Noah Webster and the Bear
Finch's Wolf Unuting.
Tragic End of a Wolf-Orderly Retreat.
272
Making Sugar Among the Wolves
272
The Yellow Cat of Richmond .. 273
The Building of the Ship " Harriet ". 273 Jacob A. Crawford and the Speculator 273
Leisure lloure in Pioneer Times. 275 Nuptial Feasts in Early Times. 276
Evening Visits ...
277
Lumibering in Early Days. 278 Seasons of Sick ness. 279
Death of Alanson Church 280
A Pioneer Lawyer ..... 281 Chesterfield in Early Days 282 Marriage Record in Early Days 283
Marks for Cattle in Olden TiDies. 289 Railroads. 439
Pontiac and St. Clair Mail Routes 290
Temperance und House Kaising. 291 A Retrospect. 294
CHAPTER XVI .- ORGANIZATION 295
St. Clair Township 296 Macomb County Erected. 296 Locating the County Sent 296 Original Townships. 297 Name Huron Changed to Clinton .. 297
Change of Boundary 297
Organic Summary. 298
Establishment of Townships 299
Miscellaneous Acts .. 300 County Officers Past and Present. 303
Supervisors' Board ...
304
CHAPTER XVII .- Political Ilistory 306
County Elections, 310
CHAPTER XVI11. THE PRESS OF MACOMB COUNTY .- Jour- nais of Romeu .. .. 329 Journals of Utica 330
269
271 271
Eighth Michigan Infantry 393 Early Settlement lo Shelby, by L. D. Owen, 250
221
CHAPTER XX .- Progress of Education Pioneer Reminisceaces-The O'Connor Family. 229 353 Sabbath Schools of the County 355 The Tuckar Family 232 CHAPTER XXI .- The Churches of Macomb. 358 Christian Clemens 236
CONTENTS.
vii
PAGE.
Armada Agricultural Society 6×5
Armada C. L. S. C. 686
Armada Literary Society 686
Schools ..
657
Biographical Sketches. 687
CHAPTER XXXII .- SHELBY TOWNSIr .- Organic. 717
Town Roster. 718
Schools, Utica Village. 719 Organization, Disco Village 721 Utica Lyceum, Congregational Church. 722
Biographical Sketches .. 722
CHAPTER XXXIII .- BRUCE TOWNSHIP .- Grand Trunk
Railroad, Air Line.
743
Schools, Scotch Settlement.
743
Bounty for Wolf Scalps-Statistical.
744
Loss of the Reside Child ..
744
Biographical Sketches.
745
CHAPTER XXXIV .- MACOME TOWNSHIP .- First Schools 767
First Settlers-Organization 767
Town Officers .. 768
Physical and Statistical
768
Schools-Macomb Village. 769
770
CHAPTER XXXV -RICHMOND TOWNSHIP. 77.8
Town Roster. 779
Richmond Village
7×1
Township Schools in 1881.
Baptist Church of Richmond Village. 782
529
Memphis Village
782
Biographical Sketches 786
CHAPTER XXXVI .- WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP .- Organizs- tion 806
Town Roster
Grand Trunk Railroad of Michigan 207
Michigan Air Line Railroad .. 808
Reminiscences of Early Days in Washington
The Crissman School. 808
Schools-A Temperance Building .....
Mention of a Few Old Settlers.
Reminders of the Past-Methodist Church
810
Washington Union Church Society
810
South Burial Ground .. 811
Villages of the Township ..
Reminiscences of C. Harlow Green 812
Riographical Sketches .. 813
CHAPTER XXXVII -STERLING TOWNSHIP .- The First Set- tlers ... 846
Organization-The First Election. 846
Roster of Officers. $47
Schools
845
Biographical Sketches 84%
CHAPTER XXXVIII .- WARREN TOWNSHIP 852
Town Officers 853
Village of Warren ×53
Township Schools 85$
St. Clement's Catholic Church 854
Biographical Sketches ৳55
CHAPTER XXXIX .- RAY TOWNSHIP. 8.57
Organization. 858
Town Koster. 859
Eccentriciti-s of Town Board
860
Teachers' Association ...
860
Patriot War-Crawford School.
860
Schools in 1881-1882 860
861
Biographical Sketches. 863
CHAPTER XL .- LENOX TOWNSHIP .- Organization .. 877
Libraries and Museumis. 636 First Meeting. 877
Societies. 636 Town Roster 87x
Romeo Carriage Company 639 Schools
Romeo Mineral Well. 639
Biographical Sketches 808
CHAPTER XLI. - HARRISON TOWNSHIP .- Town Roster. 888
First Events .. 890
Literary and Educational. >90
Present Schools
891
Biographical Sketches
891
-
CHAPTER XXVI .- AGRICULTURAL AND FARMERS' ASSOCIA-
TIONS .- Agricultural Development.
469
Macomb Connty Agricultural Society
473
Union Farmers' Club 474
The Grange
475
Macomb County Grange.
475
Fine Stock Sheep Kaisers.
476
Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company 481
482
CHAPTER XXVII .- Necrology
484
CHAPTER XXVIII .- Chronology
496
HISTORY OF TOWNS.
CHAPTER XXIX .- MOUNT CLEMENS CITY .- Early Settle- ment .. 519 Dentists and Dentistry 523
Platting the Village. 523 Organization 524
Trustees.
526
Election in 1882 527
American Settlers in 1821-22.
First Flouring Mill, Orchards, Cemetery. 5.49
Glass Factory, Saw- Mills 530 Inaugurating the Canal, Mount Clemens in 1868 530
Progress in 1880,
531
Era of Advancement .. 582
Telephone Exchange, Taxation
The Clinton River. 535
The Death of Four Citizens.
536
Industries.
537
Hotels. 539 541
Religious History
Schools of Mount Clemens. 544
Private Schools, 1840 to 1857
548 550
History of the Academy
Private Schools, 1857 to 1881
558
Denominational Schools.
559
Union School.
559
560
561 Officers and Trustees
Statistics. 562
Masonic. 1. 0. 0. F. 564
Manufacturing Industries 565
Clinton Township, Organization 567 Town fost-r .. 568
Schools and School Statistics
569
Biographical Sketches ..
570
CHAPTER XXX .- ROMEO .- Naming the Village. 613
Organic
613
Firat Settlers.
The Old Inhabitants
The First Post Office.
623 624
Reminiscences of Early Times.
624
Leisure Hours. 625 625
Romeo in 1836-37
626
Romeo in 1881. 628
Schools and School Teachers. 628 The Romeo Academy 530
Religions.
632
Sash and Blind Factory 641 Biographical Sketches 642 Organization ... 889 Physical Characteristics. 889
CHAPTER XXXI .- ARMADA .- Organization, First Town
Meeting 679
Pioneers of Armada. 681 Armada Village 683
Post Office.
685
FAGE.
Population in 1870 466
Statistical, 1870. 466 Population in 1880. 467 Equalized Valuation, 1842-81
A Few Well Remembered Settlers.
616 620
Pioneer Physicians.
Ray Center-Davis ....
874
Teachers, 1857 to 1882
535
809
809
Biographical Sketches
Sheep-Shearers' Association
viii
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
CHAPTER XLII .- EaIN TOWNSHIP .- Organization 893
Township Officers .. 894
Township Scho ils .. 894 Cannon, George W. 256
Villages. 894 Biographical Sketches. 895
CHAPTER XLIII -CHESTERFIELD TOWNSHIP .- Organization 901 Town Roster. 901
Churches-Schools 902
Masonic-New Ba timore 902
Manufacturing Industries. 903
Biographical Sketches.
904
RECENT HAPPENINGS.
Transactions of the Pioneer Society, 1882. 915
Early Banky and Bankers of Macomb Conuty. 917
Wildcat Banks 920
The Bank of Utica. 920
The Farmers' Bank of Romeo. 922
The Clinton River Bank. 922
The Bank of Lake St. Clair. 922
Conclusion
924
PORTRAITS.
Bailey, Asahel .. 633
Bailey, Cynthia ........
633
PAGE.
Brownell, William 729
Cady, C. G 240
Cannon, Lucy M 256
Cooley, Dennis, M. D. (deceased ) .. 497
Crocker, T. M 569
Day, Erastus 793
Dickinson, Joshua B 533
Danglass, Isaac 617
llazelton, H. R
371 585
Keeler, Mary J
809
Keeler, Nathan
809
Phillips, G. W.
681
Phillips, Mrs. G. W 68I
Sherman, Hiran 665
Sherman, M. W.
665
Smith, Elisha ( deceased). 825
Smith, Mrs. Elisha 825
Steffens, t'harles .. 479
Sterling, A W. (deceased). 519
Weekly, Edgar.
443
ILLUSTRATIONS.
First Schoolhouse in Romeo. 629
High School Building. Mt Clemens. 551
Macomb County Court Honge. 305
Macomb County Jail.
461
924
ERRATA
Ilendrick, F. G
-
HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.
CHAPTER I.
THE ABORIGINES.
Scientists have ascribed to the Mound Builders varied origins, and though their divergence of opinion may, for a time, seem incompatible with a thorough investigation of the subject, and tend to a confusion of ideas, no doubt whatever may exist as to the comparative accuracy of conclusions arrived at by a few of the investigators. Like the vexed questions of the Pillar Towers and Garden Beds, it has caused much speculation, and elicited opinions from so many antiquarians, ethnologists, and travelers, that little remains to be known of the prehistoric peo- ples of America. That this continent is co-existent with the world of the ancients can not be questioned. Every investigation, made under the auspices of modern civilization confirms the fact and leaves no channel open through which the skeptic can escape the thorough refutation of his opinions. China, with its numerous living testimonials of antiquity, with its ancient, though limited, literature and its Babelish superstitions, claims a continuous history from antediluvian times ; but although its continuity may be denied with every just reason, there is nothing to prevent the transmission of a hieroglyphic record of its history prior to 1656 Anno Mundi, since many traces of its early settlement survived the Deluge, and became sacred objects of the first historical epoch. This very survival of a record, such as that of which the Chinese boast, is not at variance with the designs of a God who made and ruled the universe ; but that an antediluvian people inhabited this continent, will not be claimed ; because it is not probable, though it may be possible, that a settlement in a land which may be considered a portion of the Asiatic continent, was effected by the immediate followers of the first progenitors of the human race. Therefore, on entering the study of the ancient people who raised these tumulus monuments over large tracts of the country, it will be just sufficient to wander back to that time when the flood-gates of heaven were swung open to hurl destruction on a wicked world ; and in doing so the inquiry must be based on legendary, or rather upon many circumstantial evidences ; for, so far as written narrative extends, there is nothing to show that a movement of people too far east resulted in a western settlement.
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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN.
THE FIRST IMMIGRATION.
The first and most probable sources in which the origin of the Builders must be sought, are those countries lying along the eastern coast of Asia, which doubtless at that time stretched far beyond its present limits, and presented a continuous shore from Lapatka to Point Cambodia, holding a population comparatively civilized, and all professing some elementary form of Boodhism of later days. Those peoples, like the Chinese of the present, were bound to live at home, and probably observed that law until after the confusion of languages and the dispersion of the builders of Babel, in 1757, A. M .; but subsequently, within the following century, the old Mon- golians, like the new, crossed the great ocean in the very paths taken by the present representatives of the race, arrived on the same shores, which now extend a very questionable hospitality to them, and entered at once upon the colonization of the country south and east, while the Caucasian race engaged in a similar movement of exploration and colonization over what may be justly termed the western ex- tension of Asia, and both peoples growing stalwart under the change, attained a moral and physical eminence to which they never could lay claim under the tropical sun which shed its beams upon the cradle of the human race.
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