USA > Michigan > Bay County > History of Bay County, Michigan, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 13
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AN INCIDENT OF 1847.
Curtis Emerson was running a mill at Saginaw, in 1847, and that Winter had a logging camp near Caro, Tuscola County. There were but four steam saw mills on the Saginaw River, one at Sagi- naw City, one at Portsmouth, one at Lower Saginaw, and the old yellow mill at East Saginaw, generally known as the Emerson Mill. The entire cut of these four mills for 1847 was less than 3,000,000 feet. For the season of 1847 Emerson stocked his mill with logs from the Cass River, and his lumber camp was within a half mile of Caro, now the county seat of Tuscola County. At that time, after leaving a small clearing of three or four acres, made by John Miller, a black- smith, about a half mile out of the present village of Tuscola, then a small hamlet, the whole country of the Cass was a howling wilder- ness; not a blow had been struck or a tree cut by a white man. The only way of penetrating the vast and unsettled portion of the coun- try was by an Indian trail. At that time Tuscola was the only or- ganized township in the county. At the Spring election of 1847 there were only thirty-six votes cast, which represented the entire voting population of Tuscola County.
In cutting his lumber roads, Emerson followed, the greater part of the way, the Indian trail, which increased the distance some three or four miles, and made the distance from the village of Tus- cola to his camp about twenty-five miles. His camp was supplied with hay from low lands about three miles below the city limits, and his men in camp supplies from the city of Flint. It took four full days to make a round trip to his camp. Hay cost him when delivered $40 per ton, and the camp supplies in about the same proportion. The logs got out at his camp that Winter were of cork pine, and run largely into the upper qualities of lumber. From this lot of logs in 1847 was shipped out of Michigan the first full cargo of clear lumber. It was consigned to C. P. Williams & Co., Albany, N. Y. At this early day there were no lumber scows, steamboats, or steam tugs on the Saginaw River. The lumber was thrown from the docks into the river and then rafted and then poled down the river and out five miles into the bay, and then put on board of vessels. At that time there was about four and a half feet of water on the Carrollton Bar.
A LOAD OF LOGS.
A load of logs, said to have been the largest ever hauled by a single pair of horses, was hauled at a camp on the Pinconning Rail-
road, February 24, 1883. The team weighing about 2,860 pounds, was driven by a man called "Black Tom Burns." The load was hauled a distance of one and one quarter miles, and the logs scaled 16,613 feet.
The logs were loaded on two pair of sleighs, and the detailed scale is as follows:
First sleigh.
feet.
Second sleigh.
feet.
One log.
736
One log.
736
736
800
710
876
876
1,068
800
66
1,029
876
736
923
1,120
710
66
1,068
710
66
657
736
710
Total
7,813
Total
8,800
The logs were owned by J. H. Hill & Sons, and were marked "nice," and belonged to a "gilt edged" lot, being hauled over the Pinconning Railroad to Saginaw Bay.
According to the average weight of the entire train load, these logs weighed three and one-half tons to the thousand feet, making a total of fifty-three tons in the above load. James Redy was foreman of the camp.
RAFTING OPERATIONS.
The streams that have furnished the logs for the Saginaw River mills, and in what is commonly termed the Saginaw lumber district, are the Cass, Flint, Shiawassee, Bad, Tittabawassee and trib- utaries, Kawkawlin, Rifle, Shore, Pine, Saginaw, Au Gres, Au Sa- ble and tributaries. The great bulk of logs, however, during the past years, have been furnished by the Tittabawassee and tributa- ries, and when this supply commences to diminish the backbone of the log product will have been broken. The Au Sable and tributa- ries contribute of late but few logs to the Saginaw mills. They are manufactured at Au Sable, Oscoda and other shore points, and rafted to the lower lake points. The Au Sable contributes a portion of its stock to the Tawas mills, but the bulk of Rifle and Au Gres logs come to the Saginaw River.
The Cass, Bad, Shiawassee and Flint, among the first lumbered, have passed out of calculation as log producing streams, as a basis of supply, each contributing but a small amount. Although logs had been run out of Cass River previous to 1864, in large quantities, the Huron Log Boom Company was not organized until that year, and has since handled the product of the stream, which has di- minished from 100,000,000 feet to 5,000,000 feet the present year.
The main source of supply for the Saginaw mills, as stated, is the Tittabawassee and tributaries, which are the Chippewa, Tobac- co, Molasses, Pine, Salt and Cedar.
The Tittabawassee Boom Company was organized in 1864, and during the first year of its existence rafted out 90,000,000 feet of logs. In 1865 the product was 180,000,000 feet, and in 1866, 186,000,000 feet were rafted. In 1867 the company rafted out and delivered 236,000,000 feet. The amount furnished this season, however, ex- ceeds any previous year. The Bad River Boom Company rafted out 20,000,000 feet of logs in 1865, and 23,000,000 in 1866. The Kaw- kawlin, Rifle and Au Gres Boom Companies were subsequently or- ganized. A detailed statement for the past ten years shows as follows:
6
HISTORY OF BAY COUNTY.
47
1872.
1873.
1874.
1875.
1876.
1877.
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881.
1882.
644,485,278 680,979,461 581,225,404 584,843, 701 574,879,472 651,567,948 558,081,674 755,182,586 923,874,274 871,838,917 1,058,585,929
The above refers to the product of the principal streams.
RECAPITULATION.
Briefly summarized the rafting operations for the year designat- ed aggregate as follows :
Feet.
Feet.
1867
429,207,806
1875
584 843,701
1868
446,960,583
1876
572,229,472
1869
.321,350,663
1877.
651,567,948
1870
623,327,353
1878
558,079,674
1871
.521,796,927
1879
755,181.586
1872
.645,285,278
1880
923,874,274
1873.
.680,979,461
1881
871,838,917
1874.
.589,225,404
1882
:1,058,585,729
Not enumerated in the amount rafted in 1879 from the streams, 755,181,586, was 25,000,000 from the Shore Pine and Saganin, and 24,300,000 in 1880. In 1881 there was hauled to Saginaw Bay, on the Pinconning Railroad, 40,000,000 feet, all of which came to the Saginaw River, and on the Shore Pine, 10,000,000 feet. This would make the grand total for 1881, 921,838,971 feet. In 1882 there was rafted from the Shore Pine River 14,000,000 feet and Saganin 5,500,- 000 feet.
LOGS BY RAIL.
Ten years ago the idea of hauling pine logs by rail would not have been entertained as a profitable undertaking, but of late years it is a recognized industry. Aside from the short lines that are scattered throughout the pine forests of Northern Michigan, logs are hauled in great quantities by railroads to terminal points. The F. & P. M. Railroad handles pine logs extensively, the bulk of the product coming to the Saginaw River. The Mackinaw division of the Michigan Central has handled a large quantity of pine logs during the past two years. The Tawas & Bay County Road hauls logs to Tawas, and Saginaw Bay & Northwestern haul a good many logs to Saginaw Bay, which come to Saginaw River mills.
During the month of December the Flint & Pere Marquette hauled 11,964,532 feet of logs, of which 5,040,370 feet came direct to the Saginaw River. During the year 1882 this road hauled 95,294,- 620 feet of logs, of which 46,226,419 feet came direct to the Sagi- naw River, and 29,932,530 feet were distributed between Midland and Averill. Of these 12,595,870 feet were manufactured at Mid- land and 17.,336,660 feet came through the Tittabawassee booms to Saginaw River mills. The balance of those not coming to the points named went to Manistee. The record of this road in log- hauling during three years, shows as follows:
Feet.
1880
87,475,546
1881.
.105,296,530
1882 95,294,620
During November the Saginaw Bay & Northwestern Road hauled 5,305,781 feet, and in December 3,592,165 feet, making a total for the year of 86,030,768 feet. The Tawas & Bay County Road hauled during the year 38,436,570 feet and the Mackinaw di- vision of the Michigan Central 60,000,000 feet. The aggregate for 1882 shows as follows:
Flint & Pere Marquette.
95,294,620
Michigan Central.
60,000,000
Saginaw Bay & Northwestern 86,039,768
Tawas & Bay County
33,486,570
Total
274,820,958
BOOM COMPANIES.
The Tittabawassee Boom Company was organized in 1864 and during the first year rafted out 90,000,000 feet of logs. This com- pany has rafted more logs than any other company in the world. The season's work of 1882 was the largest in the history of the oper- ations of the company. The record of the past ten years is as fol- lows:
Feet.
Feet.
1872
.310,216,000
1878 .328,228,810
1878
.269,508,740
1879 455,667,800
1884
.343,814,365
1880
.580,290,610
1875
309,908,517
1881 499,846,850
1876.
.341,000,000
1882 .600,000,000
The present officers are :- Directors-W. R. Burt, R. H. Weide- man, John Moore, Ezra Rust, Thomas Merritt, Y. Z. Dorr, James A. Remick. Officers-president, R. H. Weideman; secretary, John Moore; treasurer, James A. Remick.
The Au Gres Boom Company was organized in 1867. Its offi- cers are :- H. W. Sage, president; John Emery, secretary; Ferdi- nand Johnson, treasurer. The office is in West Bay City.
The Rifle Boom Company was organized in 1870. The present officers are :- A. Chesbrough, president; E. T. Carrington, secre- tary and treasurer.
The Bay View Boom Company was organized in February, 1831. Its officers are :- E. G. Carrier, president; B. E. Warren, secretary; John Heath, treasurer.
The Saginaw River Boom Company was organized in 1882. The officers are :- R. J. Briscoe, president; L. L. Hotchkiss, vice- president; F. D. Pierson, secretary and treasurer.
BAY COUNTY SAW MILLS.
FIRST MILL.
The first saw mill, in what is now Bay County, was built on Pine River, in the year 1835, by the firm of Jones & Chapell. They operated the mill only a short time and then it passed into other hands. It was a water mill, and traces of it may still be seen. This mill does not appear in the preceding history, for the reason that it was located outside of what is known as the Saginaw River District. The coarse lumber of the Center House came from this mill, a fact that should have been stated in connection with the history of that building.
Cass.
99,113,915 100,458,140 40,000,268; 56,003,470 18,000,000 22,029,160
Bad
18.284,621 37,137,384
26,000,000
41,854,894
36,000,000
28,000,000
17,000,000
5,000,000
9,568,139
6,874,000
Rifle
61,000,000
80,872,607
58,687,083
92,128,200
61,000,000
70,274,295
72,112,114
82,000,000
79,314,651
92,856,000
Au Gres.
23,870,742|
62,281,236
38,723,688
10,948,620
49,229,472
32,645,493
57,240,750
70,846,786
95,719,614
83,116,000
Kawkawlin.
27,000,000
33,573,354
22,000,000
19,000,000
22,500,000
15,319,000
15,000,000
17,500,000 15,000,000
16,000,000
Au Sable
105,000,000
96,148,000
52,000,000
55,000,000
47,150,000
60,800,000
62,000,000 113,000,000 138,500,000 160,232,347
Tittabawassee.
310,216,000 269,508,740 343,814,365 309,908,517 341,000,000 422,500,000 328,228,810 455,667,800 580,290,610 499,846,850
6,500,000
11,168,000
5,481,260
12,913,720
611,862,670 5 000,000 5,223,625 115,892,1 00 95,247,334 25,000,000 200,363,300
Feet.
1877 422,500,000
48
HISTORY OF BAY COUNTY.
Y
BAY CITY MILLS.
S. G. M. GATES
owns the mill, formerly owned by the firm of Gates & Fay. The first saw mill built in what was then Lower Saginaw, was erected on this site, by Hopkins, Pomeroy & Fraser, in 1846-'47, with two uprights. In the Fall of 1851 it was blown up, killing the fireman and wrecking things generally. It was put in running order and sold to Hugh Dunlap, of Chicago. and still later to Burns & Wheeler. In 1859 it became the property of Grant & Fay, and in 1863 was destroyed by fire. Mr. Gates then purchased Mr. Grant's remain- ing interest-and the firm of Gates & Fay erected a new mill and operated it until the Spring of 1882, when Mr. Fay retired and Mr. Gates continues the business, employing about sixty men and cutting annually about 15,000,000 feet of lumber.
THE MCEWAN MILL
was built by William and Alexander McEwan in 1850, with a capacity of about 2,500,000 feet of lumber a season. It was afterwards operated by John and William McEwan, and still later by John McEwan. Since his death, it has been operated by his sons, William, John and Alexander, under the firm name of McEwan Bros. The same building is still standing that was built over thirty years ago, though the mill has been improved and its capacity increased to 18,000,000 a season. The business employs about seventy-five men. The salt block was built in 1873-'74.
WILLIAM A. MCEWAN, son of the late John McEwan, was born in New York City, January 1, 1849. He moved with his parents to Chicago, Ill., and in 1851 came to Bay City, where he has since resided. He was interested in the manufacture of lumber with his father, and after the death of the latter, in 1882, he carried on the business in company with his brothers. He was married Sep- tember 2, 1872, to Miss Maria Cornell, of Bay City.
JOHN MCEWAN, of the firm of McEwan Bros., was born in Bay City, April 10, 1852. After completing his education he en- gaged with his father, John McEwan, in the saw mill. He spent most of his time in the office, having the care of the books. Since the death of his father, which occurred January 26, 1882, he has carried on the business in company with his brothers William and Alexander, the name of the firm being McEwan Bros. The firm have been successful in their business operations. He was married January 28, 1880, to Flora Judson, of Cleveland, O., and has one son.
ALEXANDER MCEWAN, son of the late John McEwan, was born in Bay County, Mich., December 2, 1856. Was married June 5, 1880, to Grace Suhr, of East Saginaw. Is living at the old McEwan estate in the First Ward. Mr. McEwan is one of the firm of McEwan Bros., lumber manufacturers and dealers, and conducts an exten- sive business.
MILLER & LEWIS.
The mill of this firm was originally built by the firm of Rus- sell, Miller & Co., in 1851. In 1863 it was leased by Albert Miller, . and the following year he purchased the property. He operated it alone until the Winter of 1866-'67, when Angus Miller purchased an interest, and the firm became A. & A. Miller. They rebuilt the mill that Winter, and made it the largest one in that vicinity, hav- ing a capacity of 12,000,000 a season, and representing an invest- ment of $50,000. They operated the mill two years, and from that time until 1879, Albert Miller was alone. In 1879, Mr. George Lewis purchased a half interest, since which time the firm has been Miller & Lewis. The season cut of the mill is about 20,000,- 000 feet of lumber. The firm own a large amount of standing pine.
ALBERT MILLER is an old resident of Bay City, having come here from St. Clair County, in 1855. For a time after coming here he worked in the mills and so laid the foundation of a successful business career. By 1863 he had reached a point when he consid- ered it safe to do something on his own account, and leased a mill which he purchased the following year. Since that time he has ranked as one of the leading lumber manufacturers of this region. He is also interested in other business concerns. Mr. Miller is one of the leading members of the Fremont Avenue Methodist Episcopal Society, and from the first has been one of its liberal supporters.
Mr. Lewis is mentioned in connection with the Bay City Bank, of which he is president.
GEORGE C. MYERS.
In 1851, the firm of Watrous, Southworth & Co. built a mill on the site of the present Myers Mill, corner of Thirty-eighth and Water Streets. The old mill was torn down in 1878 and rebuilt by Mr. A. Chesbrough, who sold it to its present proprietor in 1881. The mill employs about twenty men, and cut last year 6,250,000 feet of lumber.
F. E. BRADLEY & CO.
The saw mill of this firm is located at the foot of Tenth Street, and was originally built by Elijah Stanton, in 1852. It was first run with a small engine, but was replaced with a larger one in 1863. In 1857 Beebe & Atwood bought the mill, and two years later Mr. Stanton resumed possession and disposed of it to H. M. Bradley & Co. Its capacity at this time was 2,000,000 feet of lum- ber annually. In the Spring of 1860, the mill was thoroughly re- paired, and the capacity increased to 3,200,000. Improvements have been made from time to time until the present capacity is about 14,000,000 feet of lumber. In 1877 Mr. F. E. Bradley, a lumber merchant of Chicago, came into possession of the prop- erty, and ran it alone until 1880, when he associated with him Mr. Russell M. Bradley, and since that time the firm has been F. E. Bradley & Co.
HAMILTON & MCGREGOR.
This mill was built in 1852 by the late James J. McCormick. At that time it had an upright and an edger, and cut during the season 1,000,000 feet of lumber. In 1859 it was enlarged and its capacity increased to about 5,000,000 feet. About 1872 the mill passed into the possession of Mr. S. H. Webster and was almost en- tirely rebuilt by him. In 1880 the present firm purchased it. Its present cut is about 15,000,000 for the season.
WILLIAM PETER.
The history of this mill begins in 1852. In the Spring of that year, its construction was begun by W. P. Doty. After his death it was purchased by the present proprietor, a prominent lumberman, and a resident of Toledo. The business is in charge of William A. Young, a son of Mr. George Young, of Bay City. The cut of the mill last season was 16,500,000 feet of lumber.
PITTS & CRANAGE.
The extensive mill property of this firm, situated at the foot of Washington Street, may be traced back to 1853, when Messrs. Baughman & Partridge built a mill with a siding mill, two uprights and an edger, having a daily capacity of 30,000 feet. In the Spring of 1855 Mr. Partridge withdrew from the firm, and the fol- lowing Fall Mr. Baughman disposed of the property to Mr. Hub- bard, of Detroit, who soon afterward sold to the late Samuel Pitts, of Detroit. In 1857 the capacity of the mill was increased to 4,000,000 a season. In 1865, Samuel Pitts & Co. succeeded Sam- uel Pitts, and about that time the capacity of the mill was again increased. In April, 1868, Samuel Pitts died, and the firm be-
RES. OF ALBERT MILLER, BAY CITY. MICH.
-
.
C
HISTORY OF BAY COUNTY.
49
came Thomas Pitts & Co., which was changed in 1870 to Pitts & Cranage, Mr. Thomas Cranage, Jr., having been a member of the firm since 1865. In February, 1874, the original mill was destroyed by fire and the present mill built immediately after. The old mill when burned had a capacity of 12,000,000 a season, and the new mill has been built for a capacity of 20,000,000, which has been increased to 28,000,000. There are some notable features of both the mill property and the history of its management. The mill site has a river frontage of 1,630 feet, with dock room for piling 9,000,000 feet of lumber. The F. & P. M. Railroad extends along . one side of the property and the Michigan Central along the other side. There are twenty-six tenement houses upon the property built in 1863 for the convenience of employes. The amount of rent charged for these houses, fixed at a nominal sum in 1863, has never been increased. Many of the men in the employ of the firm have worked for them from their boyhood, several men having been in their employ for nearly twenty years. Mr. Alexander Cul- bert, their book-keeper, has been in that position since June, 1863, and has rendered twenty years of faithful and valuable service. There are about 150 men employed in the operation of the mill and salt works. The latter were built in 1863. The present firm is composed of Thomas Cranage, Jr., of Bay City, and Thomas Pitts, of Detroit.
EDDY, AVERY & EDDY.
The mill of this firm is situated at the foot of Eleventh Street, and dates back to 1854, when the firm of Rodgers & Bros. laid the foundation of this large business concern. The mill then had one upright saw, employed ten men, and cut about 7,000 feet of lumber a day. In 1856, Miller & Butterfield became its proprietors, and increased its capacity, by the introduction of a circular saw, to 26,000 feet a day. This firm continued about four years, and was then succeeded by the firm of Miller, Barnard & Co. They put in another circular saw, a new and larger engine, new boilers, and in- creased the capacity to 36,000 a day. In 1864 the firm of Eddy, Avery & Co. purchased the property and made still further im- provements, so that in 1868 it cut about 8,000,000 feet in the sea- son of seven months, and employed forty men. January 1, 1879, this firm was succeeded by the present firm of Eddy, Avery & Eddy. The present cut of the mill is about 26,000,000 feet a season. The salt block was built in 1868, and the annual product is about 75,- 000 barrels. The present firm is composed of Edwin Eddy, of East Saginaw, John F. Eddy, of Bay City, and the heirs of Newell Avery, represented in the business by John H. Avery, a son of the late Newell Avery.
JOHN F. EDDY, who resides in Bay City, is a son of the late Jonathan Eddy, who was a lumberman in the state of Maine, and came West at an early day, and became extensively engaged in lumbering in Michigan, and was one of the firm of Eddy, Avery & Co., at this point. In 1866 Mr. John F. Eddy came here from Maine, and since that time has been actively engaged in lumbering and other interests. In addition to the manufacture of lumber he is interested in a number of mercantile concerns. He is a thorough and enterprising business man.
JOHN H. AVERY is a son of the late Newell Avery, a prominent lumberman who died in 1877. Since his death the heirs have been represented here by John H. Avery, who now resides in Bay City and gives his personal attention to the business. He is also a part- ner in the hardware firm of Gedney & Avery.
N. B. BRADLEY & SONS.
The mill now owned by this firm was begun and partially built by the firm of Hester, Carrington & Co., in 1854, and completed by Frost & Bradley, in 1855. Its capacity then was 4,000,000 feet for
the season. In 1858 Mr. N. B. Bradley took charge of the mill, do- ing sawing by the thousand. In January, 1861, he in company with F. E. and Charles Bradley purchased the mill, the firm being N. B. Bradley & Co. In 1874, the style of the firm was changed to N. B. Bradley, trustee for the benefit of the partners. In Decem- ber, 1880, Mr. Charles Bradley died, and Mr. N. B. Bradley pur- chased the remaining interests. In January, 1881, his two sons, Elmer E., and Fred. W. Bradley, purchased an interest, and the firm became N. B. Bradley & Sons. Various changes and improvements have been made, increasing the cut of the mill from 4,000,000 to about 20,000,000 at present. The firm has a large lumber yard at Toledo, and is heavily interested in pine lands in this and other states. They also manufacture about 75,000 barrels of salt a year.
S. MC LEAN, SON & CO.
This mill property dates back to 1854, when the first mill upon the site was built by B. F. Partridge, and operated by him about two years. Then James Fraser came into possession of it, and leased it to H. A. Braddock & Co. for several years. In 1863 it was pur- chased by Peter & Lewis, and operated by them until it burned, which was about 1868. In 1874 the present firm purchased, the site, and rebuilt the mill. Last season the mill was in operation 140 days, and cut 14,000,000 feet of lumber with a force of thirty- nine men.
HENRY M. CAMPBELL, of the firm of Seth McLean, Son & Co., was born in New York State. At the age of five years he moved with his parents to Genesee County, and remained about six years. They then went to Birch River,and while there his father helped to build a mill for Jesse Hoyt, afterwards working in the mill 'and keeping the boarding house. They were in the wilderness, their house being the only one in that portion of the country. Here they remained some four years and then moved to Pine River. There Henry M. engaged with Seth McLean, in 1857, and has continued with him ever since as foreman of the mill. In 1874 he came to Bay City and has remained in the same mill until the present time. In 1882 he became a partner, the firm being now Seth McLean, Son & Co. Mr. Campbell is a thorough mill man, his whole life having been spent in the business; is a genial, pleasant gentleman and highly respected. He deserves the success he has attained. He was married March 26, 1865, to Miss Mary Galigan, of Michigan, and has one child.
J. R. HITCHCOCK.
This mill is situated on Water Street, at the foot of Thirty-fifth Street. The first mill on this site was built in 1856 by the firm of H. D. Braddock & Co. Its capacity then was 1,500,000 per season, and employed ten men; it had two upright saws. That firm run it un- til 1865, and then sold it to H. C. Young, who continued the busi- ness for two seasons, and then sold it to its present owner. In 1868 the capacity of the mill was increased, by putting in a circular saw, to 3,500,000 per season, and employing eighteen men. On the 22d day of August, 1868, this mill cut for A. Stevens & Co. 1,130% feet of lumber out of one log, all perfectly clear, without sap, rot or knot, leaving still a balance. The cut was as follows:
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