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M. W. Campau, '96,
G. B. Harrison, '97 l,
H. R. Kellogg, '95,
C. M. Green, '99,
Frank Briscoe, '95,
Standish Backus, '99,
A. M. Smith, '97,
Lafayette Young, Jr., '00,
K. E. Harriman, '98,
F. L. Baxter, '00,
S. E. Galbraith, '95,
J. S. Symons, '00,
G. R. Barker, '98,
R. C. Woodworth, '00,
F. H. Petrie, '96,
G. S. Benson, Jr., '00,
W. A. Starrett, '97,
R. R. McGeorge, '99,
E. H. Humphrey, '97,
H. C. Thurnau, '99,
H. M. Bowman, '98, '99 l,
C. M. Bush, '99 l,
Norman Flowers, '96 l,
F. D. Eaman, '00,
Edward Ferry, '96 l,
J. A. Bardin, '99 Z,
J. H. Harris, '98,
F. R. Blair, 'OI.
Fifty-seven years ago William E. Robinson, a charter-member of Psi Upsilon at Yale, and afterwards a representative in Con- gress from one of the Brooklyn districts, edited and published The Yale Banner, the prototype of the student annuals now issued at every college of note in America. Yale's example was followed slowly by other institutions. Michigan came into the field earlier than most others, and like all other annuals published before 1860 our first attempt was a newspaper sheet. This was The University Register, an affair of four pages-the page measuring twelve inches by sixteen and three-fourths-and it appeared in June, 1857. John Payne, '58, and Alexander Rich- ard, '58, got up the paper on their own account. In The Register one finds the names of the regents and professors, and of the graduates and students, and also lists of the members of the literary societies and of the secret clubs. Each of the frater- nity rolls is accompanied by a cut of the badge. Of the secret societies Chi Psi comes first with twenty-nine alumni and twelve students, while Beta Theta Pi has twenty graduates and twenty- one undergraduates, Alpha Delta Phi forty-one and nineteen respectively, Delta Kappa Epsilon seven and twenty-five, and Delta Phi one alumnus and eleven students. According to The Register the alumni of the literary department numbered 173, and the medical graduates 186. Of the 396 students 234 were academic, 140 medical, and twenty-two chemical. Upon the whole The Register was much like the early sheets printed at Yale, Amherst, Williams, and Kenyon. It was followed by a simi- lar sheet, The Peninsular Phoenix, which Edward W. McGraw, '59, one of the leading members of the Bar of San
II6
THE MICHIGAN BOOK
Francisco, mentions in an account-written for this book-of the origin of The University Palladium :
" In 1857-58, S. D. Green, now (by catalogue) of Berlin Falls, N. H., then an Alpha Delta Phi of class of '60, and a printer, got up a little ill-looking sheet printed and published by himself, the name of which I have forgotten, devoted to college matters, and containing lists of members of secret societies. In 1859 I thought it disgraceful that the University of Michigan could not show something better in the shape of a society catalogue, and I endeavored to get the secret so- cieties to unite in getting up one. Then secret society feeling ran very high and it was impossible to effect any combination for any purpose. But having started in on the matter, I would not give it up, and published the first and second numbers of The Palladium at my own cost and as a private enterprise. In the first number I paid for all the cuts of the badges that appeared. I furnished cuts only for the societies friendly to Alpha Delta Phi. I don't know how many cuts I did furnish-I think for Alpha Delta Phi, Chi Psi, Beta Theta Pi, and Sigma Phi, pos- sibly Delta Phi also. For the second number I think the other societies furnished their own cuts. It was a lively paper while I ran it, and the fun of it compensated me for the few dollars I lost as publisher. Only two numbers were published under my supervision-alike as to size ".
The first number of The Palladium in pamphlet form ap- peared at the close of the college year 1859-60. It contains twenty-four pages within a cover of white, glazed paper, and car- ries these words 'in bronze gilt within a three-lined border: "The University Palladium. University of Michigan, Commence- ment day, June 27, 1860. Vol. II No. 2, Published by the Secret Societies. Ann Arbor: Michigan Argus Print. 1860". Then follows a page with this: " Secret Societies. Arranged in the Order of their Establishment ". Upon the title page the names of the seven editors appear. The third page and the fourth page are taken up with a preface signed by W. Jesse Buchanan, and to- ward the bottom of the fourth page are given the names of the members of the " Publishing Committee ", Walter McCollum and H. M. Utley. This number of The Palladium was preceded by an earlier sheet in the autumn of 1859. With the fifth page begin the membership lists of the seven secret societies which joined in publishing the book, Chi Psi coming first. Each frater- nity has a page by itself, and each is typified by a wood-cut vig- nette. Chi Psi uses its well-known and effective device, a white cross overlaid with the monogram of the society's letters and sur- rounded by a circle of light within dark clouds. Beta Theta Pi is characterized by a circle inscribed in a triangle around which are clouds. Alpha Delta Phi and D. K. E. exhibit their coats-of-arms; Delta Phi shows an enlarged badge lying upon a scroll; Sigma Phi presents a fac-simile of its badge, and Zeta Psi employs the mono- gram and scroll device which has done duty at many other col-
.
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STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
leges. After the seven fraternities follows a mock society, the Lambda Beta Delta.
Of course The Palladium for 1860 contained the names of the Regents and a roll of the Faculty. Then follow the class lists (class officers not given), the officers and members of the three literary societies, the officers of the Society of the Alumni, College awards ( the holders in the class of '63 of the four scholarships in those times awarded to freshmen), the officers of the Students' Lec- ture Association and of the Students' Christian Association, the names of a musical sextette, eight lines of type with reference to sundry jovial students, and the programme of Commencement Week. That is all.
The Palladium of 1860-61 carries on its cover of glazed white paper the words " University of Michigan " in a curve above the numerals " 1860-61 ", all in blue ink. It bears on its title page the date December, 1860, and contains forty-eight pages. Class officers and class seals are given, there are literary societies in every department, and the number of miscellaneous organiza- tions is greatly increased. In The Palladium of December, 1861, we find a four-page editorial, a me- morial on the decease of Phi Phi Alpha, and a list of students in the Army, which list is repeated and enlarged in the issue for 1862-63, and again in the volume for 1863-64. In The Palladium for 1864-65 are two original songs, the results of an HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITAL. offer of a prize of ten dollars; and a well-written article about societies at Harvard appeared in the issue of 1867-68. In later years songs, sketches, poems, and illustrations were numerous.
In 1883-84 The Palladium appeared with stiff card-board covers, and since then the intention has been to provide a perman- ent binding every year. The most unique and at the same time most objectionable covering was the untanned and malodorous leather which enwrapped the annual of '89. This volume, at which much fun was poked, also set the bad example of departing from 9
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THE MICHIGAN BOOK
the established and convenient octavo form; and it was followed by the edition of 1889-90, which was oblong in shape. From 1891 until the close of the series a quarto form was adopted. The price of the publication gradually increased from twenty-five cents in 1860 to thirty-five in 1873, to fifty in the early eighties, and finally to one dollar.
After the thirty-seventh annual volume of The Palladium had appeared the undergraduates wisely decided to combine with it the annual of the Independents and the annual of the senior law- class; but unfortunately they decided to adopt a new title, instead of giving to the consolidated book the name of the oldest of the publications which it displaced. An account of the editorial boards of The Palladium will now be given.
After the issue of June, 1860, this annual continued to be edited by the seven secret societies which had been established in the University prior to 1860. But in 1865 Psi Upsilon, organized by fourteen of the fifteen undergraduate members of Beta Theta Pi, took a place on the board, and the remaining member acted as editor for a chapter consisting solely of himself. To the board for 1864-65 was added a delegate from Alpha Phi, the law-school so- ciety. In the following year Beta Theta Pi had an editor for the five initiates of foreign chapters who were at work in the profes- sional schools; and in place of the Alpha Phi editor appeared an envoy from the newly founded Phi Delta Theta. In 1866-67, Beta Theta Pi disappeared, and was not again represented upon the board until 1879. However, the number of editorial chairs which had been nine since the graduation of the class of'64, was preserved, Kappa Phi Lambda being given a seat. The society editor- ships in 1867-68 were the same as those for the preceding year. Kappa Phi Lambda dropped out in 1868-69, and Phi Delta Theta lost its place in 1869-70. From 1869 to 1872 the secret societies numbered only seven, and there were seven editors each year. Phi Delta Phi, the law-school fraternity, was given room in 1872. No further change occurred until 1875, when the demise of Delta Phi reduced the board to seven. In that year a new society, Delta Tau Delta, was refused representation under a rule which required three years' continuous existence at Ann Arbor as a condition pre- cedent to participation in editorial labors. In 1878-79 Beta Theta Pi was re-admitted, and Phi Kappa Psi was admitted, those socie- ties having complied with the condition already mentioned; but Delta Upsilon, not being a secret society, was not allowed to have
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STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
an editor. Sigma Chi, established in the law department in 1877, gained representation in 1879-80, and Delta Tau Delta, having succeeded in living for three consecutive years, and having pub- lished during its probationary period a little four-page account of itself, was rewarded in 1882-83 by Palladium honors. With the organization of several professional fraternities, to say nothing of sundry sisterhoods, it became evident in 1883 that the editorial board would soon become too large, even with the beneficial three year rule in force, and the constitution of The Palladium was changed so as to confine the management of this annual to the nine collegiate secret fraternities and to such others as should secure unanimous approval. Of course such approval was hard to get, for exclusive association with the old societies was a valuable fran- chise which the younger members of the nine were not anxious to share with still newer rivals. So from 1884 until after 1892 The Palladium was conducted by nine societies and by nine only. In time other societies so multiplied that threats of a rival annual were heard, and it was decided to let down the bars. For "secret societies " in the fundamental law of The Palladium, and on the title-page of the annual itself, the word " fraternities " was sub- stituted, thus giving Delta Upsilon a chance; and Phi Delta Theta, Phi Gamma Delta, Alpha Tau Omega, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, and Theta Delta Chi, were admitted also. Subsequently the demise of Alpha Tau Omega and Phi Gamma Delta reduced the board to thirteen members. The roll of editors follows:
1858-59-E. W. McGraw, '59, 1859-60-W. N. LaDue, '60, W. J. Buchanan, '60, H. M. Utley, '61, Walter McCollum, '61, A. C. Jewett, '62, S. S. Walker, '61, O. E. Fuller, '60. 1860-61-C. K. Adams, '61,
C. S. Draper, '62, J. H. Goodsell, '62, J. S. Lord, '61, A. C. Jewett, '62, L. H. Redfield, '63, S. G. Morse, '61. 1861-62-C. E. Wilbur, '64, T. H. Hurd, '62, R. H. Baker, '62, W. E. Ambruster, '62, C. B. Wood, '62, C. W. Noble, '63, L. S. F. Pilcher, '62.
1862-63-H. M. Hurd, '63, J. C. Hart, '64, L. T. Farr, '63, L. L. Barbour, '63, H. E. Duncan, '65, E. D. W. Kinne, '64, H. L. Wright, '64. 1863-64-W. J. Maynard, '65, Schuyler Grant, '64, W. D. Hitchcock, '64, S. C. Stacy, '64, W. J. Booth, '64, O. P. Bills, '65, B. F. Stage, '66. 1864-65-E. C. Boudinot, '65, Andrew Wing, '65, C. M. Goodsell, '65, S. B. Ladd, '65, G. W. Crutcher, '66, G. B. Remick, '66, G. W. Hunt, '66. J. B. Root, '65,
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THE MICHIGAN BOOK
1864-65-G. W. Seevers, '65 l. I865-66-J. W. Remington, '66, W. V. Richards, '67 l, O. P. Dickinson, '66, J. R. Blish, '66, Henry Smith, '66, H. P. Churchill, '67, L. P. Judson, '67, A. E. Mudge, '66, G. C. Harris, '66. I866-67-T. M. Shaw, '68, Charles Quarles, '68. E. W. Wetmore, '67, E. S Johnston, '68, H. N. French, '67,
J. M. Darnell, '67,
G. L. Maris, '67, J. C. Magill, '68, W. W. Belville, '68. 1867-68-L. P. Tarlton, '68, R. N. Jenne, '68,
E. C. Burns, '68,
B. J. Clay, '68,
J. M. Stout, '68,
W. K. Anderson, '68,
Galusha Pennell, '68. J. G. Magill, '68, O. H. Dean, '68. 1868-69-C. W. Durham, '69, W. C. Johns, '69,
A. E. Wilkinson, '69,
B. L. C. Lothrop, '69,
W. A. Butler, '69,
E. M. Avery, '71,
M. B. Kellogg, '69, J. W. Johnson, '70.
1869-70-M. A. A. Meyendorff, '70, W. R. Day, '70,
H. P. Davock, '70, E. H. Jones, '72, C. P. Gilbert, '70, W. A. Kingsley, 70 l, L. B. Swift, '70. 1870-71-J. L. Gillespie, '71, C. M. Wilkinson, '71, A. B. Raymond, '71, Addison Millard, '73, H. C. Willcox, '71, M. W. Latson, '71, E. J. Knight, '71. 1871-72-W. H. Wells, '73, D. C. Rexford, '72, W. H. Hinman, '72, L. B. Parsons, '72, C. B. Lothrop, '72, J. E. Ensign, '74, W. T. Underwood, '72. 1872-73-S. T. Douglas, '73, H. O. Perley, '73,
1872-73-A. G. Bishop, '73, G. H. Jameson, '74, F. H. Walker, '73, J. S. Richardson, '74, George Rust, '73, S. E. Kemp, '73 l. 1873-74-E. C. Hinman, '74, C. M. Lungren, '74, E. W. Withey, '74, G. H. Jameson, '74, C. R. Wing, '74, H. T. Thurber, '74, C. A. Warren, '75, L. E. Morris, '74 l. 1874-75-A. L. Arey, '75, E. R. Hutchins, '75, W. S. Russel, '75, G. E. Pantlind, '75,
C. O. Ford, '75, H. C. Ford, '75, S. W. Smith, '75, G. E. Putnam, '75 l. 1875-76-E. C. Swift, '76, C. L. Van Pelt, '76, Bryant Walker, ,76, A. W. Hard, '76, B. B. Campbell, '76, C. W. H. Potter, '76, J. P. Dunn, Jr., '76 l. 1876-77-E. H. Guyer, '77, W. B. Ferris, ,77, E. A. Gilbert, '77, A. W. Hard, '77, C. A. Bosworth, '77, V. J. Tefft, '77, W. S. Judy, '77.
1877-78-W. V. Grove, '78, T. H. Noble, '78, Ross Wilkins, '78, M. B. Allen, '78, J. H. Black, '78,
D. H. Stringham, '78, B. F. Bower, '78 l.
1878-79-E. A. Christian, '79, E. C. White, '79, J. R. Russel, '79, W. T. Hall, '79, W. L. Axford, '79, Oren Dunham, '79, C. E. Epler, '79 l, W. F. Bryan, '79,
J. W. Mckinley, '79.
1879-80-W. W. Hannan, '80, F. F. Reed, '88, C. H. Campbell, '80, R. H. McMurdy, 'S0, C. S. Mitchell, '80, C. C. Whitacre, '80, A. J. Babcock, '80 l,
I2I
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
1879-80-D. A. Garwood, 'So. H. M. Pelham, '81, M. C. Miller '80 l. 1880-81-M. K. Perkins, '81, E. H. Bowman, 'SI, F. C. Mandell, '81, E. H. Ozmun, '82, C. T. Brace, '81, C. H. Johnston, '81, G. S. Fuller, 'SI Z, O. F. Hunt, 'SI, C. R. Buchanan, 'SI, . W. B. Stickney, 'S1 l.
1881-82-J. H. Norton, '82, W. E. Martin, '82, H. S. Pratt, '82,
F. D. Weeks, '82,
T. W. Sargent, '82,
C. L. Coffin, '82,
J. W. Remick, '82 Z, J. H. Grant, '82, F. G. Coldren, '82, W. H. Hughes, '82 l.
I882-83-H. S. Ames, '83, J. J. Comstock, '83. H. A. Mandell, '83, E. E. White, '83, L. K. Merrill, '83, John Morris, Jr., '83,
E. W. Parkhurst, '83 l, Harry McNeal, '83, J. H. Jennings, '83,
F. M. Gilmore, '83 l, F. A. Walker, '83.
1883-84-W. J. Abbott, '84 l, William Savidge, '84, W. B. Clapp, '84, Elmer Dwiggins, 'St,
H. F. Forbes, '84,
L. B. Hanchett, '84,
W. F. Word, '84, L. A. Rhoades, '84, J. L. Callard, '84. 1884-85-D. C. Corbett, 'S5, A. H. Williams, '85, G. B. Sheehy, '85, Delos Thompson, '85, T. J. Ballinger, '87, R. F. Eldredge, '85,
T. C. Phillips, '85, J. V. Denney, '85, A. G. Pitts, '85.
1885-86-R. H. Hunt, '86, A. F. McEwan, L. E. Dunham, '86, F. W. Job, '87, E. C. Pitkin, '86, F. B. Wixson, '86, H. G. Hetzler, '86,
1885-86-F. B. Hollenbeck, '86, E F. Saunders, '86. 1886-87-W. A. Blakeley, '87, J. E. Carpenter, '87, G. L. Canfield, '87, J. D. Hibbard, '87, M. W. Mills, J. E. Ball, '87, W. T. Smith, '87, Joseph Halsted, '87, G. L. Kiefer, '87.
1887-88-A. B. Clark, '88, M. M. Mann, '88, L. K. Comstock, '88,
G. R. Mitchell, '88, G. J. Waggoner, '88, T. H. Gale, '88, D. K. Cochrane, '88, F. C. Plain, '88, F. D. McDonell, '88. 1888-89-G. B. Hayes, '89, B. P. Bourland, '89, H. W. Douglas, '89, C. E. Rockwood, '89,
W. J. Beckley, '89,
O. F. Schmid, '89,
A. E. Rowley, '89, H. T. Bannon, '89, C. K. Eddy, '89.
1889-90-J. W. Anderson, '90, H. M. Bates, '90, J. R. Angell, '90, O. C. Smith, '90,
H. R. Seager, '90,
W. B. Ramsay, '90,
R. K. Reilly, '90, G. M. Ford, '90, J. R. Kempf, '90.
1890-91-H. T. Abbott, '92, J. M. Crosby, '91, H. B. McGraw, '91. T. H. Hinchman, Jr., '91,
R. C. Thayer, '91,
F. R. Ashley, '91,
P. E. Stillman, '91, J. R. Effinger, Jr., W. J. Hinkson, '91.
I891-92-W. W. Cheney, '92, D. W. McMorran, '92, H. C. Bulkley, '92, Fitzhugh Burns, '92,
F. L. Sherwin, '92,
W. R. Murray, '92, H. W. Hawkins, ''92, F. C. Smith, '92, A. C. Lewerenz, '91. 1892-93-G. McA. Tyng, '93, F. P. Graves, '93, R. G. Lathrop, '93,
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THE MICHIGAN BOOK
1892-93-E. C. Peters, '93,
1894-95 -- J. H. Dunbar, '95, N. T. Bourland, '95,
C. W. Stratton, '92, E. D. Babst, '93,
A. C. Bloomfield, '95,
Frank Rich, '93,
Jerome Ingersoll, '95, .
J. J. Morsman, '93,
B. F. McLouth, '95,
I. W. Durfee, '93,
E. C. Weeks, '95,
F. W. Callam, '92 l,
O. L. Spaulding, Jr., '95,
A. W. Hookway, '93,
C. H. Morse, Jr., '95,
A. A. Pearson, '94,
G. R. Slater, '95,
W. J. Fisher, '93, A. J. Tuttle, '92, H. F. McGaughey, '93.
C. W. Foster, '95,
1893-94-J. F. Breakey, '94 2,
G. J. Cadwell, '94,
G. C. Keech, '95, Frank Briscoe, '95.
T. P. Bradfield, '94,
1895-96-W. J. Cahill, '96,
Goldwin Starrett, '94,
F. H. Petrie, '96, Kirke Lathrop, '96,
R. E. Jones, '94,
M. W. Campau, '96,
L. J. Wentworth, '94,
L. C. Whitman, '96,
C. W. Sencenbaugh, '94,
F. W. B. Coleman, '96,
B. F. Hall, '94,
W. H. Thorp, '96,
C. R. Rose, '94,
T. H. Prentiss, '96,
Fred Waterhouse, '94,
G. F. Greenleaf, Jr., '96,
J. A. Whitworth, '94,
M. B. Hoyt, '96,
H. I. VanTuyl, '94,
G. K. McMullen, '96,
L. B. Lindsay, '94 l,
J. D. Kennedy, '96 l,
R. C. Whitman, '94.
L. A. Kreis, '96.
In 1865-66 those students who were opposed to secret socie- ties began the publication of The University Castalia. From the preface of the first number of this annual the following is taken:
" In the introduction of a new University publication, a plain exposition of the cause is required, which we hope fairly and candidly to make. In 1845 the first Secret Society was established in the University. At that time, and once after- wards, the Faculty, or part of it, took strong grounds against them. The natural result of course followed. All high-spirited young men, and those who disliked the charge of toadyism, flew to the 'Secret Societies'. It only confirmed the truth, that even a poor barren principle, irritated by the hard hand of authority, gains a false glow which attracts votaries. 'Secret Societies,' therefore, until within a few years, have held undisputed control. The few who did not belong either from want of means or talent (though generally the former), were as badly persecuted as the twelve fishermen who left their nets, and were called 'scum ' ' paupers ', ' poor-house pets ', and other pleasing titles. But at length there came those into the University who were willing to bear ridicule, if they could glorify principle. Such men always command respect finally, and are magnets. In 1863 they held the balance of power. The ' Secret Societies ' splitting into two parties, the no longer 'scum', but courted and respected independent party, formed a coalition upon equal terms, for two years. Respectability and power always win followers: and hence last year they quietly but decidedly resumed the aggressive, and swept the field in the college elections, forgetting not mercy. What our strength is now the Castalia shows as well as the Palladium. Our state- ments are not made in the spirit of boasting, although when we recall the taunts and jeers of former years we can hardly refrain. We simply state facts however."
The Castalia for 1865-66 contained fifty-two pages within covers of blue paper. There were five issues in all, with 288 pages.
Frank W. Pine, '94,
F. B. Richardson, '95,
H. D. Mills, '95,
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STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Except for the omission of the devices and membership lists of the secret societies, and for the inclusion of arguments against such societies, the contents of The Castalia were substantially the same as those of the other annual. Whatever was said in opposi- tion to secretism was couched in dignified language, and was clearly and forcibly expressed. With the era of good feeling inaugurated in 1869, and with the graduation, in the classes of '68, '69, and '70, of the leading opponents of the secret-society system, it became doubtful whether an annual like The Castalia could be sus- tained; so the number issued in 1870 was the last of the set.
The following were the editors and publishers from 1865 to 1870:
I865-66-J. E. McKeigan, '66, P. B. Lightner, '67, N. P. Garrettson, '68, C. S. Fraser, '66, Joseph H. Reid, '67, F. M. Smith, '68. IS66-67-W. J. English, '67, E. E. Kane, '67, I. N. Demmon, '68, E. C. Lovell, '68, Charles Woodworth, '69, H. A. Chaney, '69, J. A. Rollins, '67, I867-68-J. B. Steere, '68,
T. C. Reynolds, '68,
H. A. Chaney, '69,
N. L. Guthrie, '69, V. S. Lovell, '70, G. E. Dawson, '70, L. A. Foster, '71, D. W. Crouse, '68, Samuel Hayes, '69,
I867-68-E. E. Darrow, '70, 1868-69-James DuShane, '69, O. S. Vreeland, '69, Charles Ballenger, '70, C. M. Wells, '70, P. C. Hudson, '71,
P. A. Randall, '71, L. H. Jennings, '72,
H. A. Chaney, '69,
W. B. Stevens, '70,
H. L. Gleason, '71, O. D. McArdle, '72. 1869-70-C. S. Carter, '70, Charles Ballenger, '70, Charles Chandler, '71, G. E. Dawson, '70, W. B. Millard, '71, W. A. Brooks, '72,
J. H. Emery, '73, Roland Williams, '72, D. H. Roe, '73.
In November, 1889, the anti-society interest determined to publish an annual. For reasons by no means obvious the name chosen for this new enterprise was The Castalian, and the first number, which appeared in March, 1890, was called Volume V. Except in the college year 1892-93, when the cuts intended for the book were destroyed by fire, The Castalian was issued every year until 1896-97. By that time the unwisdom of having more than one annual had become so obvious that a combination was effected, as has been told in connection with the account of The Palladium. The six numbers of The Castalian were among the most creditable of our undergraduate publications. They con- tained literary matter that was interesting and valuable, and they were finely illustrated. Of argument against fraternities they at-
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THE MICHIGAN BOOK
tempted nothing. Following are the editors of The Castalian:
1889-90-E. L. Miller, '90, R. E. Dunbar, '90, Loretta Crissman, '90, H. B. Dewey, '90, J. K. Freitag, '90, J. A. C. Hildner, '90, W. F. Hubbard, '90, Ruth A. Willoughby, '90. 1890-91-W. E. Healy, '91, Hudson Sheldon, '91,
1893-94-Richard Quinn, '94, Marion Patton, '94, F. A. Sager, '94,
H. H. Eymer, '94, W. W. Wedemeyer, '94,
H. A. Spalding, '94, D. F. Lyons, '94, Irene Stewart, '94,
Marion Strong, '94,
Jeanette E. Caldwell, '94,
H. A. Williams, '94.
Mary E. Butler, '91, Sallie A. Szold, '91, H. B. Shoemaker, '91,
1894-95-H. R. Kellogg, '95, S. B. Shiley, '95, C. H. Duncan, '95,
M. B. Hammond, '91,
D. P. Shuler, '91,
W. B. Kelly, '91, R. P. Lamont, '91,
H. A. Dancer, '95, Alice Biester, '95, R. O. Austin, '95,
1891-92-Carl Schlenker, '92, J. N. Hatch, '92, W. A. Cutler, '92, E. L. Allor, '92,
W. H. Dorrance, Jr., '92.
R. W. Doughty, '92, H. D. Haskins, '92,
Hugo Pam, '92,
Helen A. Atkins, '92,
Alice E. Hatch, '92, Julia Herrick, '92, Ada Thomas, '92.
F. R. Cutcheon, '96, Annie L. Bacorn, '96, C. A. Manning, '96, W. H. Thompson, '96, G. T. Lamont, '96,
1893-94-E. J. Ottaway, '94,
S. H. Perry, '94, D. B. Luten, '94,
Ada M. Cartwright, '96, Charlotte E. Pickett, '96, Ada Stewart, '96.
Marguerite B. Cook, '91,
Clara M. Meiser, '91,
F. D. Adams, '95,
H. W. Wyckoff,'95, P. W. Dykema, '95, Edmond Block, '95, Nellie J. Malarkey, '95,
Pearl L. Colby, '95, Ann L. Richards, '95, Lucia Kieve, '95.
1895-96-L. A. Woodard, '96,
In 1873, Charles O. Tattershall, '75 7, and John E. Weaver, '75 m, "having seen and felt that the interests of the Law and Medical Departments demanded something more than the pages of The Palladium permitted, and knowing that the only way to accomplish the ends desired was to publish an independent pam- phlet devoted exclusively to those departments", put forth The Sapphire, a pamphlet of seventy octavo pages bound in covers of blue paper. This was styled "Vol. I, No. 1", but there were no more volumes or numbers. The publication was in the inter- est of the short-lived Phi Chi fraternity. Besides giving a good representation of the departmental clubs and other organizations, it attacked with great ferocity Phi Delta Phi and Zeta Psi, which societies had been instrumental in excluding Phi Chi from The Palladium. The book contains seventeen cuts which must be seen to be appreciated.
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