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Gc 977.601 0t 8m v.2 1148894
M. L.
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01080 7391
HISTORY
OF
Otter Tail County MINNESOTA
ITS PEOPLE, INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
JOHN W. MASON Editor
With Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families
VOLUME II
ILLUSTRATED
1916 B. F. BOWEN & COMPANY, Inc. Indianapolis, Indiana
CONTENTS 1148894
-
VOLUME I
CHAPTER I-RELATED STATE HISTORY
33 A Portion of Minnesota Originally Included in Louisiana Purchase-In- dian Cessions and Treaties-Territorial Government Established- Boundaries-Governor Alexander Ramsey-First Territorial Legislature -The Historic Council with the Indians at Traverse des Sioux-The Treaty -Indian Hunters Cause Trouble-Townsite Speculation -Constitutional Convention-First State Legislature-Admission of Minnesota as a State- Aid to Railroads-Financial Stringency-Unrest Among the Indians-Mas- sacre of 1862-Punishment of the Indians-Subsequent Treaties-A Period of Rapid Development-Trouble Because of the State Issue of Railroad Bonds-Settlement of the Question and Activity in Railroad Building-Di- versified Farming Interests-Population Statistics-Military Record-Name -Geography - Area - Rivers - Lakes-Elevations-Climate-Chronological Record of the State.
CHAPTER II-GEOLOGY OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY 57 Situation-Area-Surface Features-Natural Drainage-Lakes-Topography -Altitudes-Soil-Timber-Geological Structure-Aboriginal Earthworks -Prehistoric Mounds and Relics-Capt. John Pope's Trip Through Otter Tail County in 1849-"The Garden Spot of the Northwest."
CHAPTER III-OTTER TAIL COUNTY IN 1860 82
Map of the County, 1860-Boundaries-A Peculiar History During the De- cade, 1858-1868-Character of the Early Settlers-Early Religious Services- Land Office-Surveys-Otter Tail City-The First Trader and Other Early Merchants-Villages in the County-Copy of the Census Return for Otter Tail County, 1860-Waseata Postoffice-Its Census Returns-Farm Statistics.
CHAPTER IV-ORGANIZATION OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY 94
Territorial Act Defining the County-Changes in Boundaries-Origin of the Name-Formal Organization of the County-Southern Influence-Otter Tail City, the County Seat-Early Settlers-Exodus from County Because of the Indian Outbreak-Changes in Boundaries-First Commissioners- -County Seat Changes-Legislative Enactments-Final Removal to Fergus Falls-E. E. Corliss-Range 44 Attached to the County-A Peculiar Legal Case Pertaining Thereto-Proposals to Divide the County-Otter Tail City in 1858-Population Statistics-Platted Townsites-Financial Statement of the County for 1915-Naturalized Citizens of Otter Tail County-Naturaliza- tion Laws-Births and Deaths.
CHAPTER V-COUNTY BUILDINGS. 119
Court Houses-The Present Court House-The First Jail-The Present Jail -County Tuberculosis Sanatorium-County Poor Farm.
138
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER VI-OFFICIALS OF THE COUNTY
First Meeting of the County Commissioners-Salaries of First Officials- Legislative Enactments Relating to County Officers-Commissioners-Coun- ty Auditor-Treasurer-The First County Tax Receipt-Banks as Deposi- tories of County Funds-Register of Deeds-Sheriffs-County Attorneys- Coroners-Surveyors-County Superintendent of Schools-William M. Cor- liss-District Judges-Judge of Probate-Clerk of the District Court-Presi- dential Elections-Otter Tail County in the Legislature-State and National Officials from Otter Tail County.
CHAPTER VII-LEGISLATIVE ACTS BEARING ON OTTER TAIL COUNTY 159
State Burdened with Peculiar Special Legislation-\ Summary of the Gen- eral and Special Acts Relating to Otter Tail County from 1858 to the Present Time.
CHAPTER VIII-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY. 1808-69. 165 Townships Settled in Groups-Four Principal Languages in the County- Difficulty in Naming the Townships-Chronological List of the Townships in the County-Historical Mention of the Townships of Clitherall. St. Olaf. Tumuli, Tordenskjold, Aurdal-Villages of Dalton and Parkdale.
CHAPTER IX-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1870 177 Townships of Parkers Prairie, Dane Prairie, Fergus Falls, Eagle Lake, Eliza- beth, Otter Tail, Pelican, Erhards Grove, Buse-Villages of Parkers Prairie, Elizabeth, Otter Tail and Pelican Rapids.
CHAPTER X-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1871 196 Townships of Rush Lake, Aastad. Hobart, Scambler, Maine, Nidaros-Vil- lages of Richville, Hobart, Clitherall and Vining.
CHAPTER XI-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1872-73 208 Townships of Perham, Effington, Norwegian Grove, Western, Deer Creek. Oscar, Trondhjem, Gorman-Villages of Perham, Deer Creek and Luce.
CHAPTER XII-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1874-77 228 Townships of Leaf Mountain, Friberg, Compton, Eastern, Oak Valley. Wood- side, Newton-Village of New York Mills.
CHAPTER XIII-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1878-79 238 Townships of Sverdrup, Inman, Henning, Bluffton, Lida, Amor, Dora, Everts, Leaf Lake-Villages of Underwood. Henning, Bluffton and Battle Lake.
CHAPTER XIV-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1880-81 253 Townships of Candor. Star Lake, Elmo, Dunn, Maplewood, Homestead, Carlisle, Folden Village of Vergas.
CHAPTER XV-TOWNSHIPS OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1882-97. 262 Townships of Edna, Girard, Paddock, Pine Lake, Otto, Butler, Corliss, Blowers, Orwell, Dead Lake-Village of Dent.
CHAPTER XVI TRANSPORTATION 274
Highways-River Transportation Red River Navigable-State Aid for Roads and Bridges-Present Road Conditions-State Highway Commission- Railroads-Early Resolutions Pertaining to the Need of-Building of the Roads-Local Vote of County Aid-Present Roads-Removal of Railroad Shops from Fergus Falls.
297
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XVII-AGRICULTURE
Influence of Topography on Development of Agriculture in Otter Tail County-The County Characterized by Small Farms-Character of Settlers- Table of Farm Products, by Decades-Live Stock Statistics-Dairy Interests -The Grasshopper Pest-Bumper Crop of 1895-The Grange Movement- Farmers Clubs and What They are Doing-Co-operative Elevators-Mutual Fire Insurance Companies-Fair Associations and Agricultural Societies --- County Agricultural Agent-County Farm Bureau-Elements Contributing to the Progress of Agriculture.
CHAPTER XVIII-BANKS AND BANKING 309 The First Banks in the County-A Study of Banking Conditions in Fergus Falls-Banks of the County, with Date of Organization-Brief Sketch of Each of the Banks.
CHAPTER XIX-THE PRESS 330
First Newspaper in the County-Brief Mention of the Various Papers Which Have Existed in the County-Legal Newspapers of the County-The Ameni- ties of the Press.
CHAPTER XX-THE OTTER TAIL COUNTY BAR 350 High Character of the Legal Profession-Splendid Personnel of the Otter Tail County Bar-Distinguished Members-A List of the Attorneys of the County, with the Date of Their Settlement.
CHAPTER XXI-THE MEDICAL PROFESSION 353
No Physicians in the County Prior to 1871-Dr. R. M. Reynolds, the First Physician in the County-The Various Schools of Practice-A List of Physicians Who Have Regularly Practiced in the County-Osteopaths and Chiropractors-Dentistry-Optometrists-George B. Wright Memorial Hos- pital-St. Luke's Hospital-State Hospital for the Insane.
CHAPTER XXII-CHURCHES OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY 363 A List of Ministers Registered in Otter Tail County-A Brief History of Each Church in the County-The Federated Church in Fergus Falls-First Congregational Church-First Presbyterian Church-Other Presbyterian and Congregational Churches-Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Churches-German Evangelical Lutheran Trinity Church-Norwegian Evangelical Lutheran Church-Bethel Lutheran Church-Bethania Norwegian Lutheran Church- Norwegian Evangelical Lutheran Churches-Hauges Evangelical Lutheran Church-Evangelical Free Church-Methodist Episcopal Churches-Swedish Baptist Churches-Baptist Church-People's Union Church-Episcopal Church-Zion Church-Finnish Apostolic Lutheran Congregation-Pente- costal Church of the Nazarene-Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints-Christian Science Society-Catholic Churches-Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Churches-United Brethren Churches-Scandinavian Churches-Immanuel Churches-Swedish Baptist Churches-Miscellaneous Churches.
CHAPTER XXIII-FRATERNAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. 410
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons-Independent Order of Odd Fellows- Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks-Royal Arcanum-United Com- mercial Travelers-Knights of the Maccabees-Ladies of the Maccabecs - Brotherhood of American Yeomen-Modern Woodmen of America Royal Neighbors of America-Knights of Pythias. Catholic Order of Foresters-
CONTENTS.
Degree of Honor-Independent Order of Foresters-Fraternal Order of Eagles.
CHAPTER XXIV-EDUCATION 423
Inefficiency of Early Schools, Due to Unavoidable Conditions-Unanimity in the Building Up of a School System-Petitions for Schools-First County Superintendent of Schools-Sketch of a Pioneer School-Development of the Educational Work of the County-Introduction of the Study of Physiology and Hygiene and the Results-State Aid to Standard Schools-School Sta- tistics-County Superintendents-Assistant Superintendents-Schools of Fergus Falls-Park Region Luther College-Northwestern College.
CHAPTER XXV-TELEPHONES IN OTTER TAIL COUNTY. 439
The County Quick to Install the New Invention in the Eighties-Its General L'se and Importance to the Community-A Brief History of the Companies Doing Business in Otter Tail County.
CHAPTER XXVI-CREAMERIES 459
A History of all the Creamery Companies Doing Business in Otter Tail County.
CHAPTER XXVII-MILITARY AFFAIRS 708 Veterans of the Civil War Residing in Otter Tail County-The Spanish- American War-Daughters of the American Revolution-Grand Army of the Republic-Woman's Relief Corps.
CHAPTER XXVIII-POSTAL HISTORY 474
Fergus Falls Postoffice-Other Postoffices in the County-Salaries of Post- masters-Rural Free Delivery.
CHAPTER XXIX-CITY OF FERGUS FALLS. 479
James Fergus, the Founder of the City-Joseph Whitford, the First Settler on the Townsite-The Sioux Massacre of 1862-Ernest Buse, the First Per- manent Settler-George B. Wright, and His Influence on the Early Growth of the Place-Fergus Falls in 1873-Pioneer Advertisers-Fergus Falls in 1871-Water Power-Incorporation as a Village-First Election-Village Boundaries and First Officials-Council Proceedings-Railroad Bonds- Amendments to the Village Charter-First School District-Becomes the County Seat-Early Lack of Railroad Facilities-Presidents of the Village Council-Incorporation as a City-Fergus Falls in 1881-Lincoln Avenue vs. Bismark Avenue-Municipal Affairs-City Charters-Gas and Waterworks -Fire Department -Electricity-Otter Tail Power Company-The City Dam and Its Destruction-Hoot Lake Project-Police Department-Streets. Side- walks, Bridges, Sewerage. Parks, Etc .- Care of the Poor-City Funds- Libraries-Clubs and Organizations-Commercial Club-Town Improvement Society-Park Region Anti-Tuberculosis Society Street Railways-City Officials Fergus Falls in 1916-Directory of Present Business and Profes- sional Interests.
CHAPTER XXX-REMINISCENCES OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY, 1869-72 __ 536 Story by Ole Jorgens, of Ilis Settlement in Otter Tail County-Inconven- iences of the New Settlers-First Visit to Fergus Falls-Elected to Public Office-Taking the Census Under Difficulties-First Mail Route County Seat Contests-Division of the County Story of a Steer-Traveling in the Early Days-First Workings of the Game and Fish Laws A Ninety-Dollar Story-First Christmas in Otter Tail County A Deer Fight-Bootlegging-
CONTENTS.
Assessing of Taxes in 1870-First Insanity Case in the County-The Grass- hopper Scourge-Fourth of July Celebration, 1870-First Bridge in Fergus Falls-Two Interesting Early Letters.
CHAPTER XXXI-REMINISCENCES OF THE EARLY HISTORY OF OTTER TAIL COUNTY
556
E. E. Corliss Tells in an Interesting Way of the Beginnings of Things in Otter Tail County-The Journey to the Promised Land-Otter Tail City in 1858-Breaking New Land-Clitherall-The Mormons-The Settlers in 1870- A Judicial Court Run by Prayer-Highway Robbery-The First District Court-Craigie's Mill-Organization of the County-Attempted Organization of Holcomb County-Acquisition of Range 44-Wilkin County in 1872- Fergus Falls Made the County Seat-Removing the Records-Legislative Changes-Pioneer County Officials-Some Early Settlements and Settlers- Edmund A. Everts.
CHAPTER XXXII-REMINISCENCES BY JOHN W. MASON 575 The Coming to Fergus Falls-A Callithumpian Serenade-"Hanging Out the Shingle"-Early Mails-The "Good Old Times" in Comparison with the Present-A Visit by Celebrities-"Lord Gordon"-Casus Belli-The Grave- yard-The New Church-The Church War-A Fondness for Bonds-"Old Settler" to the Front-Repudiation-Charter Amendments-The School Record-Bribery and Corruption-Political Schemes-The Waterworks Scheme-Major Beach's Telegraph-The Rat Skin War-The Dam-site at Guttenberg-Mistaken Identity-What Can Be Done with a Dime-The Stage Robber-The Fergus Falls Vigilantes-A Romance and a Tragedy- Luedke vs. Luedke-The Lo-cus(t)-A Sad Tale with a Happy Ending-The Fergus Falls Cooking Club-The Village Baker-The Esthetic Side of Fergus Falls-The R. R. S. W. N. Co .- A Dash of Local Color-"What's the Matter with Fergus"-The Captains of Industry at Play.
CHAPTER XXXIII-WHO'S WHO IN EARLY FERGUS 648
Doctor Goodale-James M. Gray-Levi Sartwell-Victor Landquist-Bill Wilson-Bert Melville-Jim Spendlove-Jacob Austin-Capt. H. S. Cole- Sam H. Nichols-Frank Hoskins-Opperman, a Dutchman-Edwin M. Wright-Charles William Kaddatz.
CHAPTER XXXIV-SIDELIGHTS ON OTTER TAIL HISTORY 675 Why Otter Tail-The Tale of the Otter Tail-Origin of the Name of Otter Tail County -- A Complete History of Otter Tail County in 1874-The Fergus Falls Land Office and Otter Tail Democracy-Reminiscences of Fergus Falls -George B. Wright's Story-The Story of Knut O. Harris-Story of G. O. Dahl-Story of T. A. Huff-Great Indian Scare of 1876-Prairie Fire-Gold in Otter Tail County-First Law Firm in Fergus Falls.
HISTORICAL INDEX
VOLUME I
A
Aastad Township-
Altitude 66
Boundaries
201
Churches
376
Crops
301
Commissioners' District
141
Natural Features
201
Officials
201
Organization
167,
200
Population
111
201
Taxpayers
1870
Telephones
451
Aboriginal Earthworks 75
Average of crops 298
Advertisements, Early-day 331
Agricultural Agents
306
Agriculture
297
Almora 113, 311, 328
Altitudes in the County 62
Altitudes in the State 47
Altoona (Vergas)
113, 254
Amenities of the Press
344
American Yeomen
415
Amor Township-
Altitude 65
Boundaries 246
Churches
384
Commissioners' District 141
Creamery
467
Location
246
Mounds
76
Name
246
Officials
247
Organization 167, 246
Population
111
Soil 67
Telephones 454
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons 410
Animal Productions 298
Area of the County 57
Area of the State
46
Assessing of Taxes
1870, 548
Attorneys
350
Auditors, County
144
Aurdal Township-
Altitude
66
Churches 381, 384, 402
Commissioners' District 141
First Events
176
Natural Features 175
Officials
176
Organization 167, 175
Population 111
Settlement
176
Telephones
452
Austin, Jacob
655
B
Balmoral 113
Banks and Banking 309
Banks as Tax Collectors 146
Baptist Churches
383
Bar of Otter Tail County
350
Barley
298
Battle Lake-
Altitude 63
Banks
310, 319
Churches
376, 396, 402, 403, 405
Creamery
464
Election, First
219
Fair
305
Incorporation 219 1
Location 249
Newspapers 342
Officials
249
Physicians
355
Plat
113,
249
Population
111
Beauty Shore
113,
265
Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks
412
Benevolent Societies 410
Better Farming Association
306
Births in County
117
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Blowers Township-
Altitude 65
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First 271
Name 271
Natural Features 271
Officials 271
Organization 167,
271
Population 111
Telephones
446
Bluffton- Altitude 62
Banks 311, 337
Business Interests 241
Churches
408
Creamery 459
Election, First 244
Incorporation 244
Location 244
Lodges 417
Newspapers
343
Officials
244
Physicians
355
Plat
113, 244
Population
111. 244
Bluffton Township- Altitude 65
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First 243
Highways
278
Location
243
Natural Features
167, 243
Population
110, 111
Boardman
113, 235
Bonita
83, 85
Bootlegging. Early 548
Boundaries of County 82
Bridge, First in Fergus Falls 552
Bridges
278
Brotherhood of American Yeomen_ 415
Buse, Ernest
482, 582
Bnse Township-
Altitude 66
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First 194
Highways
278
Natural Features
195
Officials
195
Organization 167. 194
Population 111
Railways
195
Settlement
195
Telephones 451
Butler Township-
Altitude 65
Churches 393
Commissioners' District 141
Location 269
Natural Features 269
Officials
269
Organization 167. 268
Population
111
C
Camp Nidaros
113,247
Candor Township-
Altitude
65
Commissioners' District 141
Location
253
Natural Features 253
Organization
167, 253
Population
111
Care of the Poor
Carlisle
113, 260, 311, 329, 445
Carlisle Township-
Altitude 66
Crops
301
Commissioners' Districts 141
Election, First 260
Mounds
76
Natural Features 26C
Officials
260
Organization 167, 260
Population
110, 111
Railroads
260
Telephones
451
Casus Belli 589
Cathcart and N. P. Railway 538
Catholic Churches 389, 407
Catholic Order of Foresters 420
Census of the County. 1860. 86
Cessions of Land by Indians
36
Charter Amendments
595
Chiropractic
358
Christian Science Society 388
Christmas. A Pioneer 546
49
Chronology of Minnesota
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints 363, 388
Church War
592
Churches
363
Civil War
468
Clear View 113. 204
Clerks of the District Court 151
Climate of Minnesota
48
Clitherall-
Altitude
63
136
243
Organization
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Clitherall-
Banks 311, 326
County Seat 98, 119
Churches 403
Incorporation 206
Officials 206
Oldest Village in County 206
Physicians
355
Plat
113
Population
112
Schools
424
Settlement
206, 559
Telephones
447, 450
Clitherall Township-
Altitude 65
Character of Pioneers 169
Churches 409
Commissioners' District 141
Mormons
168
Name
169
Officials
170
Organization 167, 169
Population
110, 111
Settlement
168
Cole, Capt. H. S. 659
Commissioners, County 99, 138, 149, 141
Commissioners' Districts 141
Compton Township-
Altitude 65
Churches 394. 395
Commissioners' District 141
Highways
278
Location
230
Name 230
Natural Features 230
Organization 167, 230
Population 110, 112
Railroads
230
Soil 66
Telephones 456
Congregational Churches 369, 371, 399
Constitutional Convention, 1857 38
Co-operative Elevators 303
Corliss, E. E.
100, 102, 270, 285, 351, 423, 427, 540, 556 Corliss Township-
Churches 404
Commissioners' District 141
Mills 270
Name 270
Nationality of Residents 270
Natural Features 270
Organization 168, 269
Corliss Township-
Population 110, 112
Settlers 270
Corliss, William M. 150
Corn
298
Coroners 148
County Agricultural Agents 306
County Attorneys 148
County Auditors 144
County Boundaries 82
County Buildings 119
County Commissioners 99, 138, 140. 141
County Fairs 303
County Finances 114
County Officials 138
County Officials, Pioneer 570
County Poor Farm 136
County Sanatorium 133
542
County Seat, Removal of
569
County Supt. of Schools
149,429, 433
County Surveyors 149
County Treasurers 144
Court House History
119
Craigie, James G. 545, 607
Craigie's Mill
562
Creameries 459
D
Dahl, G. O.
688
Dairy Statistics 299
Dalton-
Altitude 64
Banks 311, 326
Churches 386
Creamery 466, 467
Incorporation 173
Location 173
Lodges
419
Officials
173
Physicians
355
Plat
113, 173
Population
112
Dam-site at Guttenberg
600
Dane Prairie Township-
Altitude 66
Churches 397
Commissioners' District
141
Natural Features 179
Organization 167. 178
Population 111, 112
Taxpayers, 1869 179
Telephones
453
Daughters of the American Rev. 468
County Seat Location
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Dayton Hollow 89
Dead Lake Township-
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First
273
Natural Features
273
Organization
168,
273
Population
112
Deaths in County 117
Deer Creek-
Altitude
63
Banks
310,
323
Business Interests 223
Churches
223
Creamery
463
Incorporation 222
Location
222
Newspapers
1
343
Officials
223
Physicians
355
Plat
113
Population
113
Telephones
456
Deer Creek Township-
Altitude 65
Churches
397, 398, 405
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First
221
Farm Improvements
221
Highways
277
Natural Features 222
Officials 222
Organization 167, 221
Population 110, 111, 112
Soil
66
Deer Fight
547
Degree of Honor
421
Dent-
Banks 331. 325
Business Interests 263
Churches
407
Growth
263
Incorporation 263
Influence of Railroad 263
Lodges
411, 416
Officials 263
Physicians 355
Płat
113
Population 113
Survey
263
Telephones 447
Dentistry 358
Deposits of County Funds. 146
Depredations by Indians 37
District Judges
150
Division, Acts of 100, 108
Division of County 541. 567
Doctors
353
113, 237. 466
Dora Township- Altitude 65
Churches 399, 400, 407
Commissioners' District 141
Location
247
247
Officials
248
Organization
167, 247
Population
112
Drift Deposits
73
Dunn Township-
Altitude 66
Churches
397
Commissioners' District 141
Name
256
Natural Features 257
Officials
257
Organization
167,
256
Population
112
Soil
66
E
Eagles, Fraternal Order of 422
Early Bootlegging 548
Early Settlements 571
Eastern Township-
Altitude
65
Churches 374
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First 230
Location
230
Mills
231
Officials
231
Organization
167, 230
Population
112
Telephones
448
Eagle Lake Township-
Altitude
65
Churches
394, 398
Commissioners' District 141
Election, First
181
Geology 70
Natural Features 181
Organization
167. 181
Population
111, 112
Earthworks, Prehistoric
75
Echota
83,
85
Edna Township-
Altitude
65
Commissioners' District
141
1
Dopelins
Natural Features
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Edna Township-
Election, First 262
Name 262
Natural Features 262
Organization
167
Population
112
Railroads
263
Education
423
Effington Township-
Altitude 65
Churches 393, 398
Commissioners' District 141
Early History 214
Election, First
210
Growth of
215
Highways
278
Name 217
Natural Features 211
Officials
218
Organization
167, 210
Population
111, 112
Settlement
211
Telephones
447, 453
Election Precincts, First
140
Elevators, Co-operative
303
Elizabeth-
Banks 311, 325
Business Interests 182
Churches
182, 373, 390
Creamery
460
Incorporation
182
Location
182
Officials
183
Physicians
355
Plat
113, 182
Population
112
Schools
183
Telephones
445
Elizabeth Township-
Altitude 66
Churches 408
Commissioners' District
141
Description
182
Organization
167, 181
Population
111, 112
Telephones
445
Elks, Order of 412
Elmo Township-
Altitude 65
Boundaries 255
Churches 402
Commissioners' District
141
Election, First
255
Location, First
255
Elmo Township-
Natural Features 256
Organization 167, 255
Population 112
Soil
66
Elmwood 113, 253
Episcopal Churches 386
Erhard-
Banks
311, 328
Churches 372
Creamery 466
Location
194
Plat
113
Telephones
445
Erhards Grove Township-
Altitude 66
Boundaries 194
Churches
403
Commissioners' District 141
Highways
278
Natural Features
194
Officials
194
Organization
167, 193
Population
111, 112
Evangelical Association
397, 408
Evangelical Free Church
382
Evangelical Lutheran Churches 381, 396
Evangelischel Zion Church
408
Everts, Edmund A.
573
Everts Township-
Altitude
65
Crops
301
Commissioners' District 141
Mounds
76
Name
248
Natural Features
248
Organization
167, 248
Population
112
Soil
67
F
Fairs
303
Farm Bureau 307
Farm Crops 298
Farmers' Alliance 302
Farmers' Clubs
303
Farming Interests
297
Federated Church
367
Fergus Falls Cooking Club.
619
Fergus Falls-
Advertising, Pioneer 487
Altitude
63
Anti-Tuberculosis Society
525
Banks
309, 311
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Fergus Falls ---
Bridge, the First 522, 643
Business Interests, 1871 487
Business Interests, 1881 497
Business Interests. 1916
531
Charters
160. 162. 505. 595
Churches
363, 374. 381, 382, 385, 388. 396, 405
City Dam 512
City Funds 516
Civic Organizations 520
Clubs
520
Commercial Club 523
Cooking Club 619
County Seat
102, 119, 160. 285.
492
Creamery
463
Electric Service 510
Esthetic Side 625
Fair Association 315
Fire Department
508
Fires
510
First Village Election 489
Founding of
479
Gas Works
506
Growth of
500
Hospitals
360
In 1873
486
In 1881 497
Incorporations 162. 489, 495
Indian Massacre 481
Land Office 679
Law Firm, First 693
Libraries
516
Lincoln Ave. vs. Bismark Ave. 500
Literati, the 625
Lodges
410, 412, 419, 420, 469, 471
. Mayors
505
Municipal Affairs
503
Newspapers
330
Officials 527
Otter Tail Power Co.
512
Parks
515
Physicians
353
Platted
113
Police Department
514
Poor, Care of 515
Population
110. 111. 112
Postoffice llistory
474
Fourth of July. 1870
551
Power Dam
641
Railroad History
286
295
Reminiscenees 683
Removal of Railroad Shops 295
School District 492
School Record 595
Fergus Falls- Schools 305. 434. 492, 595
Settlers, First 480, 482
Sewerage
515
Sidewalks
515
Street Improvements 277
Street Railways 526
Streets
514
Telephones 439
Town Improvement Society 525
Vigilantes
605
Village Boundaries 490
Village Charter 492
Village Council, Acts of. 490. 494
Village Council, Presidents of. 495
Village Officers, First 490
Water Power
488. 512
Waterworks
500
Who's Who 648
Fergus Falls Township --
Altitude 66
Crops
301
Description 301
Commissioners' District 141
Natural Features 180
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