USA > Minnesota > Stearns County > History of Stearns County, Minnesota, Volume I > Part 54
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The powerful local anaesthetic, cocaine, and its compounds, are used by the dental and the medical doctor in about the ratio of 8 to 1 respectively.
Dr. Woffendale, a student of Thomas Berdmore, dentist to King George III, of England, arrived in America in 1766, and was the first one to practice dentistry in America. Porcelain teeth were discovered in 1775 by Dr. Fouchard and further perfected by M. Dubois Dechement. Baltimore College of Dental Surgery was founded in 1839, by Chapin A. Harris. The American Society of Dental Surgeons was organized in 1840. Nitrous oxide was discovered as an anaesthetic December 11, 1844, by Dr. Horace Wells; ether, as an anaesthetic, October 16, 1846, by Dr. W. T. G. Morton; vulcanite rubber in 1851, by Nelson Goodyear; cohesive gold in 1854, by Dr. Robert Arthur; rubber dam in 1862, by Dr. S. C. Barnum. The analgesic properties of chloroform were discovered by Dr. Hewet, a dentist, in 1895; porcelain fillings in 1900, by Dr. Jenkins ; casting gold inlays in 1906; synthetic porcelain in 1910, by Dr. Trey.
Dr. W. R. Hunter was born in the town of Strong, Maine; attended the common schools of his native town, and was graduated from Bowdoin College of Medicine, Maine.
He came to St. Cloud in 1856, where he practiced dentistry and medicine for over fifteen years. Deciding to change his profession, he moved to the southern part of the state and took up the teaching of vocal music. He has one daughter living, Mrs. Arthur O. Hubbard, of Minneapolis.
Dr. J. A. Upham, studied dentistry in Chicago. Located in St. Cloud, May, 1859. First dentist in the city. Removed to St. Paul July, 1871. Had good practice in both cities. Retired 1911; died 1914.
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Dr. Edward Kent Jaques was the son of Richard Jaques and Ann (Gowell) . Jaques. He was born in November, 1838, in Lexington, Maine. In 1870 he studied under Dr. Bowman, of Minneapolis, Minn., and commenced practicing in St. Cloud in 1871. While in St. Cloud he married Harriet F. Higgins in 1885 and the following year he sold out to Dr. Holden. He died December 12, 1912. He was a sergeant, served in the Third Minnesota Volunteer In- fantry, 1861 to 1865; and was commissioned captain in 1865. His home for the last twenty-eight years of his life was at Crystals, Minn., on land settled by his father in 1854.
Emmet Clark Holden, D. D. S., was born in Rutland, Vermont, August 25, 1849, of Scotch parents. He received his early education in his native state and later took a course in dentistry in the University of Vermont, at Burlington. Possessed of a strong spirit of adventure, and a desire to visit the undeveloped Northwest, Dr. Holden made the trip from Rutland, Vermont, to Minneapolis, Minnesota, in a Brewster buggy, drawn by a beautiful four- year-old Morgan mare. He stopped at various cities en route and spent con- siderable time visiting with relatives and friends, taking three months to make the trip. He arrived in Minneapolis in 1880 and after a stay of two years came to St. Cloud, where he bought out Dr. Edward K. Jaques. Nine years later he removed to St. Paul, where he soon became one of the leading dentists of the Twin Cities, continuing his practice up to a few days before his death, August 3, 1907. His kindly bearing and solid worth of character endeared him to hundreds of people, of all classes, who knew him in his profession. Dr. Holden was married in 1883, to Elora E. Hayward, the daughter of Josiah Eaton and Mary Spinson (Gray) Hayward, who are elsewhere appropriately mentioned in this work. Dr. and Mrs. Holden had one daughter, Genevieve H., who was born February 22, 1884, and died in her thirteenth year.
Drs. George B. Dodd and C. M. Truesdell came to St. Cloud from River Falls, Wis., in 1887. They dissolved partnership in 1888. Dr. Dodd assumed his partner's practice and continued for a while in the same office, but left St. Cloud during the same year.
Dr. Freeland A. Hoyt was the son of D. A. Hoyt and Martha (Noyes) Hoyt. He was born in St. Cloud, Minn., July 19, 1863. Dr. Hoyt attended school at the St. Cloud Normal, the Pennsylvania Dental College, at Phila- delphia, Penn., and University of Minnesota, in 1887-1888, 1888-1889, and graduated April, 1889, and commenced practicing May, 1889, at St. Cloud, Minn. He married Margaret McInnis, at Tower, Minn., August 11, 1897.
Dr. C. C. Rosenkrans, located in St. Cloud, in 1890, where he practiced dentistry until 1895. He is now living in Sterling, Ill.
Dr. William Niven was born near Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1857, and re- ceived a country-school education. At about 17 years of age he went to college for about four years, then he studied marine engineering for four years in Stockton, England. He then went to sea for one year as a third engineer on a trading steamer. He came to America in 1882 with letters of introduction, one of which was to Dr. Morgan, a dentist in Minneapolis, Minn., with whom he studied dentistry for three years. Dr. Niven then started traveling on the road, practicing dentistry for about twenty years. He visited nearly all
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the towns on the Great Northern and Northern Pacific as far northwest as Detroit and Morris. When he first went on the road there were nine dentists in the circuit and when he quit, October 21, 1904, there were nincty-seven den- tists in the same territory. He opened a branch office in St. Cloud in 1891, and sold the same to E. M. Johnson in 1897. In January, 1905, he married Mande Chamberlain, a normal school teacher, of St. Cloud, after which they took a six-months' trip to Europe, returning in the same year to Los Angeles, Cal., where he has since resided. His wife died in 1907. On October 31, 1914, he married Clara Thacker, of Glenwood, Minn.
Dr. G. W. Gibson was born in Pocklington, Yorkshire, England, on May 8, 1844. He came to this country in 1866 and went into a dental office at Fort Wayne, Ind. He was married in 1870 to Mary Edgers at Mineral Point, Wis. Five children were born to them, of whom, C. H. Gibson, D. D. S., of Chaska, is the eldest son. Dr. G. A. Gibson located in Waseca, in the autumn of 1880, where he practiced dentistry till April, 1888; moved to Chaska in 1889; moved to St. Cloud in 1891; moved to Michigan City, Ind., in 1900. His present ad- dress is Bradfield street, Liverpool, England.
Dr. E. M. Johnson bought out Dr. Niven's St. Cloud branch office in 1897, and continued the practice of dentistry until July, 1908, when he moved to Tacoma, Washington.
Dr. Thomas Alexander Pattison was born June 25, 1875, on the Pattison farm, in the town of St. Cloud; son of William and Mary Pattison; educated in St. Cloud public schools; graduated in June, 1897, from dental department of University of Minnesota. Practiced in St. Cloud from June, 1897, to Octo- ber, 1902. Died October 3, 1902.
Lawrence P. Leonard, D. D. S., lecturer and writer. Dentistry is no longer a trade. It is a highly specialized art, and is one of the four great professions -theology, law, medicine and dentistry. In fact, in the special anatomy, the dentist is often the master of his brothers of the medical profession. The mod- ern successful dentist must be a profound student; a teacher, in the com- munity, of oral hygiene; as well as an adept in the mechanics of his operating and laboratory work. Among the men who are taking an active part in orig- inal research and in the modern development of the science may be mentioned the one whose name heads this mention.
Lawrence P. Leonard was born at Prior Lake, Glendale, Scott county, Minnesota, July 15, 1864, son of Lawrence and Mary (Blacker) Leonard. He was reared on the homestead farm, and attended school in his neighborhood and at Shakapoo in his native county. November 1, 1883, he started the study of dentistry, under Dr. J. G. Newell, at Shakopee, and then opened an office May 1, 1884, at Flandreau, South Dakota, practicing also at Madison, in the same state. In the winter of 1886-87 he took courses in the Minnesota Hos- pital College, at Minneapolis. Returning to Madison, he formed a partnership with Dr. F. N. Palmer. In the fall of 1887 he entered the Baltimore School of Dental Surgery, at Baltimore, Maryland, and was graduated therefrom in March, 1888. With this splendid preparation, April 1, 1888, he entered upon a successful practice in Waseca, Minn., when he bought ont Dr. G. W. Gibson. Aside from attaining success in his profession there, he took an active part
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in matters of public health and welfare. For two terms he was county coroner of Waseca county and for two years he was city health officer of Waseca. In 1901, ill health caused him to seek rest at the home of his wife's parents in Chaska, Minn. On November 1, of that year, he opened his offices in St. Cloud, where he has since remained, and where he has built up a large practice. He is a member of the Elks and the Knights of Columbus, and one of the directors of the St. Cloud Commercial Club. September 24, 1895, Dr. Leonard married Louise Mary Linenfeld, daughter of Florian and Elizabeth (Gies) Linenfeld. Their home has been blessed with two children: Marie Elizabeth, born Sep- tember 30, 1896; and Louise Catherine, born October 24, 1899. Dr. Leonard has devoted considerable time to writing and lecturing. Before the Pacific Coast Dental Congress, at San Francisco, in 1897, he delivered a noteworthy address, entitled "Preparation, Measurement and Filling of Occluso-Approx- imal Cavities," which was published in October of that year in the "Pacific Stomatological Gazette." Before the meeting of the southern branch of the National Dental Association, held at New Orleans, in February, 1899, he read two scholarly papers, "Measuring and Preparing Approximo Ocelusae Cavi- ties," and "The Need of Dentists in the Army and Navy," both of which are published in the "Transactions" of that body. Dr. Leonard was formerly a member of the National Dental Association, and has the distinction of having been made an honorary member of three distriet dental societies in other states. He has served as president of the Minnesota Dental Association, and still retains his membership therein. He is also a member of the West Cen- tral District Dental Society and of the St. Cloud Dental Society. Dr. Leonard has invented and patented a number of useful contrivances. One is a fresh air apparatus which carries the outdoor atmosphere directly to the patient's face without submitting the body to cold or draughts. Another article, pat- ented in 1901, and now known in North and South America, England and Aus- tralia, consists of a set of Malrix dental clamps. In 1913, Dr. Leonard in- vented a set of mouth props, which facilitates the extraction especially of the wisdom teeth, which may thus be extracted with one application of nitrons oxide.
Lawrence Leonard, father of Dr. Lawrence P. Leonard, was born in County Dublin, Ireland, came to America in 1846, finally found his way to Scott county, this state, and devoted his life to agricultural pursuits. He was with General Sully in the campaign against the Indians in 1864-65. He died January 2, 1895. His wife, Mary Blacker, was born in County Armagh, Ire- land, in 1827, and landed in America, May 9, 1846, with her two sisters. She died in Waseca, Minn., September 27, 1897.
Dr. Gustave J. Henneman, the son of John W. Henneman and Catherine Elizabeth (Sipple) Henneman, was born in Black River Falls, Wisconsin, December 19, 1876. Dr. Henneman attended school at Alma, Wis., Menominee, Wis., Chippewa Falls, Wis., and St. Paul Park, Minn. He attended the St. Paul Park College and the Chicago Dental College and was graduated in 1902, and in the same year he commenced practicing in St. Cloud, Minn.
Joseph Satory, son of John Satory and Genevieve (Kuehn) Satory, was born at Wabasha, Minn., September 28, 1872. Dr. Satory attended school at
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the Catholic and public schools at Wabasha, Minn. He attended the Univer- sity of Minnesota, 1894-1895-1896 (two years), and the Chicago College of Dental Surgery, October 1896, to April, 1897, and was graduated April, 1897. Commenced practicing August, 1897, at Alma, Wis. Located in St. Cloud, May, 1903. Married Elizabeth Franke, June 12, 1906, St. Cloud, Minn.
Dr. Michael Francis Cook, the son of Andrew Cook and Anna Mary (Nibels) Cook, was born June 6, 1878, at Faribault, Minn. Dr. Cook attended the parochial, public and high schools of Faribault. He attended the Univer- sity of Minnesota, dental department, 1900-1903, and was graduated June, 1903. Commenced practicing August, 1903, at St. Cloud, Minn. Married Evelyn Missersmith, November 5, 1907.
Dr. Leon Gregory Gross, son of Eugene Gross and Laviva Gross, was born in Chippewa Falls, Wis., October 12, 1882. Dr. Gross attended school at Notre Dame High School, University of Wisconsin, and the Chicago College of Dental Surgery, from 1902 to 1905, and was graduated May, 1905. Commenced practicing August 4, 1905, at St. Cloud. Married Regina E. Reichert, August 26, 1907, at Long Prairie, Minn.
Dr. J. L. Helmer moved from Paynesville, Minnesota, to St. Cloud, in 1906, and in the following year moved to Minneapolis, from where he again moved to Bunker Hill, Ind.
Dr. William H. Moos, son of John C. Moos and Mary (Henneman) Moos, was born in St. Cloud, March 12, 1883. Dr. Moos attended school at St. Cloud high, the state normal and the University of Minnesota, dental department, being graduated in 1909. Commenced practicing in St. Cloud, Minn., 1909. Married Mary O. Stangel.
Dr. Henry J. Thielman, son of Leonard Thielman and Mary (Russ) Thiel- man, was born in St. Cloud, Minn., October 3, 1880. Dr. Thielman attended school at St. Mary's parochial and public schools, and the University of Penn- sylvania, being graduated in 1906. Commenced practicing in New York City, July, 1906; remained four years. Located in St. Cloud, from May, 1911, to May, 1913.
Joul F. Adkins, the son of Hughy C. Adkins and Martha Anna (Caylor) Adkins, was born in Dassel, Meeker county, Minn., March 8, 1876. Dr. Adkins attended graded sehool at Kingston, Meeker eounty, Minn., and the high schools of Forest City and Litchfield, Minn., afterward attending the Kansas City Dental College, from the fall, 1905, to the spring, 1908, and was gradu- ated June 8. Commenced practicing June 10, 1908, at Kimball Prairie, Minn. Located in St. Cloud, September, 1912. Married Lilly Ramey, at North Kings- ton, October 12, 1899.
Dr. Arthur S. Swanstrom was born in Minneapolis, June 7, 1891, son of August and Hannah (Lindquist) Swanstrom. Received schooling in Minne- apolis, and dental course at the University of Minnesota. On the completion of his study in 1913, he located in St. Cloud. Moved to Minneapolis, October 1, 1914.
Dr. Albert L. Bruener, son of Theodore Bruener and Mary (Kunz) Bruener, was born in St. Cloud, November 9, 1890. Dr. Bruener attended school at St. Johns College, Collegeville, Minn .; St. Cloud Normal, and Minne-
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sota University. He attended the Minnesota Dental College and was gradu- ated June 11, 1914. Located in St. Cloud August 1, 1914.
W. T. Collins, M. D., lost his leg at the second battle of Bull Run and went to Washington, where he worked as a clerk in a government office. During this period he studied medicine at Georgetown University, was grad- uated there and went to St. Cloud. From some time in the early seventies to 1878 he was back in Washington, where he was postmaster of the House and held other appointive offices. His health failed in 1878 and he went to Grand Forks, N. D., where he practiced for fifteen years. He was then three years at Livingston, Mont., and ten years at Hunters Hot Springs, Mont., where he was resident physician. He died in 1905 at Santa Monica, Cal., where he is buried.
Dr. Collins was a son of William Collins, a pioneer resident of Hennepin county, who was a brother of Charles P. Collins, the father of the late Judge L. W. Collins.
The following-named physicians praetieed in different localities in Stearns county, for a longer or shorter time, prior to the year 1880. No de- tailed information regarding them is available :
William Proesch, Peter deCoursey, A. L. Zuercher, C. M. Riley, H. Schurman, F. H. Atkins, C. Q. Seoboria, A. Pulatzky, H. Waldron, H. H. Penneman, M. Gan, William Hahn, B. B. Schwarzbach, W. Henner, Rudolph Gmelin, V. Fell, Alfred Zurcher, H. Schmidt, Edmund C. Spencer.
CHAPTER XXV.
OLD SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
Early Attempts at Organizing the Pioneers-The Present Association-Record of the Officers and an Account of the Meetings-Thrilling Stories of Frontier Life Told By Those Who Lived Through the Privations of the Early Days-Reminiscences.
The first attempt at an organization of the old settlers of Stearns county was made September 25, 1872, when about thirty pioneers met in St. Cloud and effected a temporary organization by the election of John W. Tenvoorde presi- dent, and W. T. Rigby secretary. The president was instructed to appoint a committee of three in each town to take the names of persons who desired to become members. P. Lamb, W. T. Rigby, A. Webb, J. H. Linneman, J. Capser, J. J. Getty and M. Greely were appointed a committee to draft a con- stitution and by-laws. Adjournment was taken until the second Tuesday in January, the date of the annual meeting of the agricultural society.
In accordance with this action a meeting was held January 14, 1873, at which J. H. Owen was elected president; J. H. Linneman, vice-president, and N. Lamb, treasurer. J. W. Tenvoorde, P. Lamb and M. Mickley were ap- pointed a committee to prepare a constitution and by-laws. It was resolved
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that any person who was a resident of the state prior to January 1, 1859, and was now a resident of Stearns county, should be eligible to membership. An adjourned meeting was held April 5, at which time a constitution and by-laws were adopted, and J. W. Tenvoorde, P. Lamb, J. H. Raymond, J. L. Wilson and B. Rosenberger were appointed an executive committee, a part of their duties being to call the next meeting.
The only records of any of these meetings, aside from the reports given in the local papers, arc of that held at the court house in St. Cloud on the sec- ond Wednesday of January, 1874, when, "a quorum being present," J. W. Tenvoorde was elected president and John L. Wilson secretary. Evidently the committee appointed at the previous annual meeting to prepare a consti- tution and by-laws had failed to perform that duty, as a new committee, con- sisting of Oscar Taylor, P. Lamb, J. H. Raymond, Mathias Mickley and Barney Vossberg, was appointed for that purpose. Alexander Moore and John Mc- Donald were proposed for membership, "upon payment of fees," after which the meeting adjourned sine die.
The next five years appear to be wholly blank so far as the old settlers were concerned, until October 18, 1879, when an informal gathering at the court house selected C. Bridgman, C. F. Macdonald, Oscar Taylor, M. Mick- ley, J. L. Wilson, J. W. Tenvoorde, Alexander Moore, Jeremiah Russell and Ellis Kling to take the necessary steps toward resuscitating the association, this committee to be subject to the call of its chairman, C. Bridgman. Then followed another lapse of memory or lack of interest on the part of those charged with the responsibility of gathering the old settlers together, and nothing further was heard of the association for long years to come.
In 1883 there were signs of an awakening interest. A number of the old settlers living on the east side of the river, met at the Buckman House, Sauk Rapids, August 1, and organized a society called the Northern Minnesota Pioneers, with David Gilman, president; A. M. Fridley, vice-president; Mrs. Julia A. Wood, secretary, and Mrs. Eliza V. Sweet, treasurer. A committee consisting of Mesdames Wood and Ayer and George W. Sweet was appointed to secure and prepare complete notes of the early settlement and settlers of northern Minnesota. Unfortunately a pall of dead silence fell on all concerned and nothing further regarding the Northern Minnesota Pioneers or their work of gathering statistics appears of record.
Just a month later the old settlers of Maine Prairie and Fair Haven met at the Methodist Church in the former town and organized by electing Mar- tin Greely, of Maine Prairie, president ; J. K. Noyes, of Fair Haven, vice-presi- dent; J. B. Van Dervoort, of Fair Haven, secretary; B. Barrett, of Maine Prairie, treasurer. At a reunion at Fair Haven, October 11, Elder Partridge gave an interesting history of his experiences in finding and founding Fair Haven; Martin Greely gave a short history of the early settlement of Maine Prairie; and others present related their experiences. For a number of years these reunions were continued, being held alternately at Maine Prairie and Fair Haven, with a good attendance and interesting exercises. The last meet- ing apparently was in 1889.
In 1896 a movement had its origin which resulted in the organization of a
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real live old settlers' association, one which has continued with increasing interest until the present time. On the twenty-third of January a call was issued from St. Joseph for a meeting to be held at that place on the twenty- ninth instant for the purpose of taking definite steps for the organization of an association among the pioneer settlers of the county. This call was signed by Casper Capser (with whom the plan had originated), F. Schroeder, N. Lauer- man, H. Schindler, George Wedl, Nic Rassier, John F. Terwcy, John Rassier, George A. Marschal, Henry Niergengarten, Constant Fiedler, John Payne and J. H. Linneman.
In accordance with this call, a meeting was held at the village hall in St. Joseph on the date named, among those present being Casper Capser, Nic Lauerman, Fred Schroeder, C. Fiedler, John Payne, Peter Lommel, Henry Nierengarten, Mathias Kirsch, Joseph Guedemann, Math Hengel, John Ter- wey, J. M. Rau, W. N. Bosworth, Oscar Taylor, D. A. Perkins, J. P. Hammerel, Sebastian Reichert, Thomas Jones, H. J. Rosenberger, John Rengel, John Schaefer and C. F. Macdonald. It was voted to organize a society to be called "The Old Settlers' Association of Stearns County," and the follow- ing temporary officers were elected : John Payne, Rockville, president; Sebas- tian Reichert, St. Cloud, vice-president ; C. Capser, St. Joseph, secretary ; Peter Lommel, Rockville, treasurer; C. F. Macdonald, Oscar Taylor and M. Hengel were appointed a committee on by-laws; and John Payne, S. Reichert, C. Cap- ser, P. Lommel, John Rassier and M. Kirsch a committee to provide entertain- ment for the annual meeting to be held February 22. Resolutions were adopted requesting the board of county commissioners to appropriate $500 to the St. Cloud Library Board to aid in meeting the expense of preparing and publishing a history of Stearns county. Adjournment was taken to February 22, on which date it was voted to hold the annual meetings.
At the adjourned meeting held at St. Joseph, February 22, the tempo- rary officers previously elected were made the permanent officers of the asso- ciation. The report of the committee on by-laws was adopted with an amend- ment making eligible to membership all persons who had lived in the state prior to 1860 and were at the time residents of Stearns county. A further change was made fixing the first Tuesday in June as the date for the annual meeting, the first meeting to be held at St. Joseph.
The first annual meeting of the association was held at St. Joseph June 2, 1896. The village had been made gay with flags and bunting and evergreens were used in constructing a bower over the entrance to the village hall, the place of meeting, above the door of which was this legend, "Glory to Our Pioneers." The meeting was called to order by President Payne; Casper Capser, president of the village council, tendering the freedom of the town to the guests of the day. Addresses were made by the Hon. A. Barto, Senator Waitc, Captain J. E. West, and by G. May in German. A poem written for the occasion was read by Senator Waite. The exercises were interspersed with music by the St. Joseph's cornet band. Dinner was served at noon by the management of Loso's Hotel in the rooms under the hall. After dinner a number of impromptu speeches were made; those who participated in this part of the program being Joseph Capser, John L. Wilson, John Coates, J. H.
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Raymond, John Schaefer, E. H. Atwood and Abner Irish. The constitution was amended by striking out the word "male," and inserting in its place the word "person," thus making the women pioneers equally eligible to member- ship. The officers elected for the ensuing year were: President, John Payne, Rockville; first vice-president, S. Reichert, St. Cloud; second vice-president, M. Greely, St. Cloud; secretary, Casper Capser, St. Joseph; treasurer, J. H. Boylan, New Paynesville. The following is the membership roll of the first annual meeting of the association: John Payne, W. Bosworth, S. C. Payne, H. C. Waite, Nic Rassier, J. Jenks, M. Marvin, Joseph Capser, S. A. Irish, S. C. Johnston, Casper Pick, N. Keppers, A. L. Elliott, J. H. Boylan, Thomas Jones, J. Schwartz, Nicolas Hansen, H. P. Bennett, George Leither, P. Meyer, J. Bother, W. Albrecht, J. C. Nelson, H. J. Rosenberger, Fred Schroeder, Joseph Eich, Casper Capser, George Warnert, H. Nierengarten, P. Sand, John Rengel, John Coates, A. Ethen, P. Bloomer, C. F. Powell, C. Crever, Joseph Rieder, John Rassier, George Wedl, H. Schindler, S. Reichert, J. H. Raymond, J. E. West, Joseph Jones, John Schaefer, Math. Horsch. The total number pres- ent, including ladies, was sixty-nine, the different parts of the county being well represented.
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