USA > Missouri > Mercer County > History of Harrison and Mercer Counties, Missouri : from the earliest times to the present : together with sundry personal, business, and professional sketches and family records : besides a condensed history of the State of Missouri, etc > Part 1
USA > Missouri > Harrison County > History of Harrison and Mercer Counties, Missouri : from the earliest times to the present : together with sundry personal, business, and professional sketches and family records : besides a condensed history of the State of Missouri, etc > Part 1
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75
.
د
M. L
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01094 7353
Gc 977.8 H6203
History of Harrison and Mercer Counties
3.166
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018
https://archive.org/details/historyofharriso00unse
HISTORY C
-OF
HARRISON AND MERCER COUNTIES
MISSOURI
FROM THE EARLIEST TIME TO THE PRESENT;
TOGETHER WITH
Sundry Personal, Business and Professional Sketches
AND FAMILY RECORDS,
BESIDES A CONDENSED HISTORY OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI, ETC.
ILLUSTRATED.
ST. LOUIS AND CHICAGO: THE GOODSPEED PUBLISHING Co. 1888.
ʻ
CHICAGO. JOHN MORRIS COMPANY, PRINTERS. 1888.
1349196
PREFACE.
This volume has been prepared in response to the prevailing and popular demand for the preservation of local history and biography. The method of preparation followed is the most successful and the most satisfactory yet devised-the most successful in the enormous number of volumes circulated, and the most satisfactory in the general preservation of personal biography and family record conjointly with local history. The number of volumes now being distributed seems fabulous. Careful estimates place the number circulated in Ohio at 50,000 volumes; Pennsylvania, 60,000; New York, 75,000; Indiana 40,000; Illinois, 40,000; Iowa, 35,000; Missouri, 25,000; Minnesota, 15,000; Nebraska, 15,000, and all the other States at the same pro- portionate rate. The southern half of Missouri has as yet scarcely been touched by the historian, but is now being rapidly written.
The design of the present extensive historical and biographical research is more to gather and preserve in attractive form, while fresh with the evidence of truth, the enormous fund of perishing occurrence, than to abstract from insufficient contemporaneous data remote, doubt- ful or incorrect conclusions. The true perspective of the landscape of life can only be seen from the distance that lends enchantment to the view. It is asserted that no person is competent to write a philo- sophical history of his own time; that, owing to imperfect and conflicting circumstantial evidence, that yet conceals instead of reveals the truth, he cannot take that correct, unprejudiced, logical, luminous and comprehensive view of passing events that will enable him to draw accurate and enduring conclusions. The duty, then, of a histo- rian of his own time is to collect, classify and preserve the material for the final historian of the future. The present historian deals in fact; the future historian in conclusion. The work of the former is statistical; of the latter, philosophical.
To him who has not attempted the collection of historical data, the obstacles to be surmounted are unknown. Doubtful traditions, conflicting statements, imperfect records, inaccurate public and private correspondence, the bias or untruthfulness of informers, and the gen- eral obscurity which, more or less, envelops all passing events, com- bine to bewilder and mislead. The publishers of this volume, fully aware of their inability to furnish a perfect history, an accomplishment vouchsafed to the imagination only of the dreamer or the theorist, make no pretension of having prepared a work devoid of blemish. They feel assured that all thoughtful people, at present and in future, will recognize and appreciate the importance of their undertaking, and the great public benefit that has been accomplished.
75.00 1-29-66 P.O. 1828
Sender
IV
PREFACE.
To the county officials of both Harrison and Mercer Counties and their deputies, to whom the publishers are indebted for uniform cour- tesy and material aid in research, we offer expressions of gratitude; to the gentlemen of the press, our hearty thanks for the unanimity of their endorsement; to the clerks or secretaries of various educational, literary, secret, benevolent, military and municipal bodies, our grateful, acknowledgments, and to all the people, to whose cordial and intel- ligent co-operation the success of this work is due, we express the hope and belief that the history of their county will prove authentic and be acceptable. Much valuable information has been gathered from Hon. D. J. Heaston, to whom, among others, the publishers feel specially indebted. With the assurance that our promises have been more than fulfilled, we tender this fine volume to our patrons.
THE PUBLISHERS.
FEBRUARY, 1888.
CONTENTS.
PART I .- HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
PAGE.
Attitude of Missouri before the War. 94
Article XV
147
Amendments to the State Constitution 149
Attorney Generals 164 Israelite Church 160 Auditors of Public Accounts 165 Jackson Resolutions, The 80
Boone's Lick Country 61
Judges of Supreme Court .. 165
La Salle .. 46
Louisiana, District and Territory of. 56 Louisiana Purchased by the United States .. 55 Lewis and Clark's Expedition 57 Lutheran Church 161
Lieutenant-Governors 164
Minerals and Mineral Springs. 23-38
Manufacturing. 39
Missouri a Territory .. 59
Mormons and Mormon War, The .. 71
Mexican War, The .. 75
Martial Law Declared
123
Murders at Gun City. 149
Methodist Episcopal Church .. 161 Methodist Episcopal Church South 162 Missouri's Delegation in the Confederate Congress. 168
Organization of Kansas and Nebraska. 82
Operations against Guerrillas. 129
Order No. 11. 134 Officers Previous to State Organization 162
Officers of State Government 163
Pontiac, Death of 51
Public and Private Schools 157
Proclamation by Gov. Jackson 105
Resources
11
Rock Formation 15
Railroads
40
Revision of the State Constitution 150
Rebel Governors 169 13
Soils, Clays, etc.
Early Settlements. 47 State Organization. 63
Earthquakes at New Madrid 58 State Convention $4 68 Enterprise and Advancement 62 Seminole War 90
Events Preceding the Civil War. 89
Efforts toward Conciliation. 104
Emancipation Proclamation and XIIIth Amendment 111
Execution of Rebel Prisoners 132 Shelby's Raid 137
Election of 1884, The. 156 State Constitutional Convention. 143 Early Courts, The. 157 Secretaries of State. 164 Episcopal Church .. 160 State Treasurers 164
French and Indian War. 48 Founding of St. Louis, The. 49
From 1785 to 1800. 55
First General Assembly 66
Fremont in the Field. 125 Wealth 41
Friends' Church ... 160 War of the Revolution, The .. 52
Fire at St. Louis, The Great 79 War with Great Britain in 1812 60
Geology. 12 Western Department, The. 117
Gov. Jackson and the Missouri Legislature 97 Wilson Creek 118
Gov. Crittenden's Administration 151
Governors. 163
Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad Contro-
versies. 152
Indian and Other Races.
42
Black Hawk War 67 92
Beginning of Civil War
Boonville 113
Belmont 126
Battle of Pea Ridge
127
Battle of Kirksville 130
Battle at Independence ... 131
Battles of Lone Jack and Newtonia .. 132
Battle of Cane Hill
133
Marquette ..
45
Battles of Springfield, Hartsville and Cape Girardeau ..
133
Battles in Missouri, List of. 142
Baptist Church. 159 65
Clay Compromise, The
Constitutional Convention of 1845.
74
Campaign of 1861
113
Carthage ..
115
Capture of Lexington 123
Campaign of 1862. 127
Compton's Ferry 131 133
Campaign of 1863
Campaign of 1864
137
Centralia Massacre
140
Churches ..
159
Christian Church .. 159
Congregational Church 160 Presidential Elections 169
Conclusion. 197
Dred Scott Decision, The. 87 Death of Bill Anderson 141
Drake Constitution, The. 143
Divisions in the Republican Party 147 Dates of Organization of Counties Origin of Names, etc .. 181
with Representatives to Congress. 166
Early Discoveries and Explorers 44
Secession.
Surrender of Camp Jackson. 98
State Convention, The. 109
Springfield
125
Salaries of State Officers. 181 United States Senators 166
Votes by Counties at Presidential Elections from 1836 to 1884. 171-181
Year of the Great Waters. 54
PAGE.
VI
CONTENTS.
PART II .- HISTORY OF HARRISON COUNTY.
PAGE.
PAGE.
Andover 382
Indian Trading 220
Akron. 382
Infantry and Cavalry Regiments .. .. 333-337
Bloody Deed of an Insane Man. 285
Jacksonville. 382 Bethany Schools. 319
Bethany, History of. 339
Killing of Charles Burger 284
Bethany's Growth and Development. 349
Killing of John Garrison .. 285
Blythedale 376
Blue Ridge 380
Killing of Isaac Moore. 286
Brooklyn. 380
Killing of Jacob Fanster. 287
229
Bridgeport . 383
Lorraine 378
Cereals of Harrison County. 206
Mormon War, The ... 227 and 325
County Organization. 233
Mysterious Death of a Young Lady 287
County Court and Proceedings, The 234
Murder of Albert Hines.
288
County Seat and Public Buildings. 239
Military History
322
Census and Statistics. 250
255
Crimes and Casualties.
283
Churches of Bethany.
299
Mitchellville.
383
Churches of Cainesville. 305
New Hampton.
381
Churches of Eagleville and Vicinity 308
Churches of Ridgeway
311
Churches of Blythedale 312
205
Churches of Mount Moriah. 313
Paupers. 248
272
County Schools.
317
Cainesville Schools.
322
Civil War, Preparation for
326
Cities and Towns.
338
Ridgeway.
Streams 204
206
Early Mills. 215
233
Stabbing of Jacob Mitchell
284
Early Records.
248
Elliott Fratricide, The ..
284
Suicides. 295
Sundry Churches .309 and 315
Topography
203
Eagleville 366
Timber.
" The Firsts "
232
First County Court Officials 238
Townships Created
244
Fatal Accidents 297
Township Organization 247
Gardner.
382
Twenty-third Regiment. 330
Volunteer Troops for Civil War. 328
Incidents of Early Days.
217
HISTORY OF MERCER COUNTY.
PAGE.
PAGE.
Indictment against Benjamin Smothers. 414
Infantry and Cavalry Regiments. 448
Killing of Frank Cox. 418
Baptist Churches. 459
Killing of Davis 420
County Formation and Organization 401
Mullinax Case, The. 416
Mercer County Medical Society ..... 438
Modena or Madisonville. 444
Mill Grove. 444
Clyde Case, The .. 417
Mercer County before the War.
447
Chipps Homicide, The. 420
Christian Churches. 468
Organization of School Townships.
472
Physical Features. 385
Population and Nativity 40L
Elections, Early and Recent. 405
Early Indictments for Crimes. 416 469
· Educational History.
Early Schools of Mercer County 471
Protestant Methodist Churches. 464
Pauper Schools. 469
Resources 385
Railroad Bonds and Stock 408
419
Halleck Case, The. 418
Homicide of Graves 420
Half Rock
445
Indians, The. 394
Princeton, Origin and Early Development of 423 Princeton, Subsequent History of. 423
Princeton's Present Business Interests. 425
First Settlements, The ... 395 Financial Affairs of the County. 408 Goshen 446 Heatherly War, The. 388
Raines Case, The .....
Ravanna, History of .. 440
Religious History. 459
State Boundary Question. 404
Sketch of Military Organizations in County 448
299
Cainesville, History of 357
Early Settlement. 209
Stone, Coal and Mineral Water
Settlements, Where Made
215
Early and Subsequent Boundaries.
Sundry Crimes. 286
Educational 315
Enrolled Missouri Militia.
337
Prairie
Churches of New Hampton.
313
Press, Elections and Railroads.
383
Pleasant Ridge.
Relocation of County Seat Considered.
253
Martinsville
377
Official Directory 252
203
Bolton 383
Land Opened for Entry
" Merrill's Horse " 332
Courts and Bench and Bar
Mount Moriah 370
Physical Features.
Religious History 373
203 First Settlers. 209
Agricultural Association 438 Boundary, Topography and Soil. 386 Bench and Bar 421
County Buildings 411 County Officials
411 County Court, The. 413
Court Proceedings .. 414
Middlebury 445
465 Methodist Episcopal Church. Organization 401
Catholic Churches. 469 Era of Settlement. 387
Early Settlements, Circumstance of. 388
Hallock Murder, The. 289
Killyan War, The. 223 and 323
Killing of McCullum. 285
VII
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
School Statistics. 473
PAGE. Schools of Princeton 474
Township Formation and Organization 403
Towns of the County 423
Timber, Agricultural Products, etc. 386
The Great Rebellion. 447
Township Settlements.
397
United Brethren Church 468
BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX.
Harrison County. 477 | Mercer County 661
PORTRAITS.
Gen. B. M. Prentiss
249
D. S. Alvord. 479
Hon. W. P. Robinson
313
Joseph Webb
644
Hon. D. J. Heaston
377
PART I.
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
INTRODUCTORY.
M ISSOURI, the eighth State of the Union in size, the seventh in wealth, and the fifth in population and politi- cal power, lies in the very heart of the Mississippi Valley. Extend- ing from the thirty-sixth nearly to the forty-first degree of north · latitude, it has considerable diversity both of soil and climate.
Its eastern limit is marked from north to south by the great "Father of Waters," and the Missouri washes its western bound- ary, from the northwest corner southward about 250 miles to the mouth of the Kansas, and thence flows south of east through the heart of the State, and joins its muddy torrent with the waters of the Mississippi.
These two mighty rivers have many tributaries which are, to a greater or less extent, navigable for steamboats, keelboats and barges.
The extreme length of the State is 328 miles; the extreme breadth, in the southern part, is 280 miles; and the average breadth 250 miles. Missouri has an area of 65,350 square miles, or 41,824,000 acres. It has 18,350 more square miles than the State of New York, is nearly nine times the size of Massachusetts, and exceeds in extent all of the New England States combined.
There is no State in the Union which surpasses Missouri in respect to geographical situation and natural resources. Other
NOTE .- In the compilation of the State History the authors consulted, among others, the following authorities: "State Geological Reports;" "Charlevoix's Journal of a Voyage to North America in 1721;" Stoddard's "Historical Sketches of Louisiana;" Schoolcraft's " Narrative Jour- nal;" Breckenridge; Pike's "Expedition;" Switzler's "History of Missouri;" Bradbury's "Trav- els;" " Lilliman's Journal;" " American Cyclopedia;" Beck's "Gazetteer of Indiana and Missouri," 1823; Wetmore's " Gazetteer of Missouri," 1837; Shebard's "Early History of St. Louis and Mis- souri;" Parker's " Missouri As It Is in 1867;"' Davis & Durrie's " History of Missouri," 1876.
12
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
regions may boast of delightful climate, rich and productive soil, abundant timber, or inexhaustible mineral deposits, but Mis- souri has all of these. She has more and better iron than England and quite as much coal, while her lead deposits are rivaled by that of no other country of equal area upon the globe.
The population of the State, according to the census of 1880, was 2,168,380, showing an increase of 25.9 per cent within the preceding decade.
GEOLOGY.
The stratified rocks of Missouri may be classified as follows, enumerating them from the surface downward:
I Quaternary or Post Tertiary .- Alluvium, 30 feet thick. Soils-Pebbles and sand, clays, vegetable mold or humus, bog iron ore, calcareous tufa, stalactites and stalagmites, marls; bot- tom prairie, 35 feet thick; bluff, 200 feet thick; drift, 155 feet thick.
II. Tertiary .- Clays, shales, iron ores, sandstone, fine and coarse sands.
III. Cretaceous .- No. 1, 13 feet, argillaceous variegated sandstone; No. 2, 20 feet, soft bluish brown sandy slate, con- taining quantities of iron pyrites; No. 3, 25 feet, whitish brown impure sandstone, banded with purple and pink; No. 4, 45 feet, slate, like No. 2; No. 5, 45 feet, fine white siliceous clay, inter- stratified with white flint, more or less spotted and banded with pink and purple; No. 6, 10 feet, purple red and blue clays. En- tire thickness, 158 feet.
IV. Carboniferous .- Upper carboniferous or coal measures, sandstone, limestone, shales, clays, marls, spathic iron ores, coals. Lower carboniferous or mountain limestone, upper Archimedes limestone, 200 feet; ferruginous sandstone, 195 feet; middle Ar- chimedes limestone, 50 feet; St. Louis limestone, 250 feet; oölitic limestone, 25 feet; lower Archimedes limestone, 350 feet; encrinital limestone, 500 feet.
V. Devonian .- Chemung group: Chouteau limestone, 85 feet; vermicular sandstone, 75 feet; lithographic limestone, 12.5 feet. Hamilton group: Blue shales, 40 feet; semi-crystalline limestone, 107 feet; Onondaga limestone, Oriskany sandstone.
1
13
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
VI. Silurian .- Upper silurian: Lower Helderberg, 350 feet; Niagara group, 200 feet; Cape Girardeau limestone, 60 feet. Lower silurian: Hudson River group, 220 feet; Trenton limestone, 350 feet; Black River and Birdseye limestone, 75 feet; first magnesian limestone, 200 feet; saccharoidal sandstone, 125 feet; second magnesian limestone, 230 feet; second sand- stone, 115 feet; third magnesian limestone, 350 feet; third sand- stone, 60 feet; fourth magnesian limestone, 300 feet.
VII. Azoic Rocks.
The Quaternary rocks, the most recent of all the formations, contain the entire geological record of all the cycles from the end of the Tertiary period to the present time; and their economical value is also greater than that of all the other formations com- bined. This system comprises the drift and all the deposits above it. There are, within the system, four distinct and strongly defined formations in the State, namely: Alluvium, bottom prairie, bluff and drift.
SOILS.
Soils are a compound of pulverized and decomposed mineral substances, mingled with decayed vegetable and animal re- mains, and containing all the ingredients necessary to the sus- tenance of the vegetable kingdom. The soils of Missouri have been produced by the mixing of organic matter with the pulver- ized marls, clays and sands of the Quaternary deposits which are found in great abundance in nearly all parts of the State, and are of material best designed for their rapid formation. For this cause the soils of the State are marvelously deep and pro- ductive, except in a few localities where the materials of the Qua- ternary strata are very coarse, or entirely wanting.
CLAYS.
Clays are dark, bluish-gray strata, more or less mixed with particles of flint, limestone and decomposed organic matter. When the floods of the Mississippi and the Missouri subside, lagoons, sloughs and lakes are left full of turbid water. The coarser substances soon subside into a stratum of sand, but the finer particles settle more slowly and form the silico-calcareous
14
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
clays of the alluvial bottom. Thus, after each flood, strata of sand and clay are deposited, until the lakes and lagoons are filled up.
Then a stratum of humus, or decayed vegetable matter, is formed by the decomposition of the annual growth and of the foreign matter which falls into the water, and every succeeding crop of vegetation adds another such stratum. Thus are rapidly formed thick beds of vegetable mold, yielding support to the magnificent forest trees which grow upon the sites of those ancient lakes and morasses. In this manner have been formed the vast, alluvial plains bordering upon the Missouri and Missis- sippi Rivers, which comprise about 4,000,000 acres of land, based upon these strata of sand, clays, marls and humus. The soil formed upon these alluvial beds is deep, rich and light almost beyond comparison, and is constantly increasing by the filling up of lakes and sloughs as above described.
THE BLUFF OR LOESS.
This occurs in the Missouri bluffs forming a belt of several miles in width, extending from the mouth of the Missouri to the northwest corner of the State, where it is found just beneath the soil, and also in the bluffs of the Mississippi from Dubuque to the mouth of the Ohio. Thus while the bottom prairie occupies a higher geological horizon, the bluff is usually several hundred feet above it topographically. The latter is generally a finely comminuted, siliceous marl, of a light, brown color, and often weathers into perpendicular escarpments. Concretions of lime- stone are often found, and to the marly character of these clays may be ascribed the richness of the overlying soil. It is to this formation that the Central Mississippi and Southern Missouri valleys owe their superiority in agriculture. Where it is best developed in Western Missouri the soil is equal to any in the country.
DRIFT.
This formation exists throughout Northern Missouri. The upper members consist of stiff, tenacious, brown, drab and blue clays, often mottled and sometimes containing rounded pebbles,
15
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
chiefly of granite rocks. The lower division includes beds of dark blue clay, often hardening on exposure, frequently overlaid and sometimes interstratified with beds and pockets of sand, sometimes inclosing leaves and remains of trees. Good springs originate in these sand beds, and when they are ferruginous the springs are chalybeate.
TERTIARY SYSTEM.
There is a formation made up of clays, shales, iron ores, sandstone, and a variety of fine and coarse sand, extending along the bluffs, and skirting the bottoms, from Commerce, in Scott County, westward to Stoddard, and thence south to the Chalk Bluffs in Arkansas.
The iron ore of these beds is very abundant, and exceedingly valuable. The spathic ore has been found in no other locality in Southeastern Missouri, so that the large quantity and excel- lent quality of these beds will render them very valuable for the various purposes to which this ore is peculiarly adapted.
The white sand of these beds is available for glass making, and for the composition of mortars and cements. The clays are well adapted to the manufacture of pottery and stoneware.
CRETACEOUS ROCKS.
These strata are very much disturbed, fractured, upheaved and tilted, so as to form various faults and axes, anticlinal and synclinal; while the strata, above described as tertiary, are in their natural position, and rest nonconformably upon these beds. In these so called cretaceous rocks no fossils have been observed.
CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS.
This system presents two important divisions: The upper carboniferous, or coal measures; and the lower carboniferous or mountain limestone.
The coal measures, as seen by the table, are composed of nu- merous strata of sandstone, limestone, shales, clays, marls, spathic iron ores and coals. About 2,000 feet of these coal measures have been found to contain numerous beds of iron ore, and at least eight or ten beds of good, workable coal. Investigation shows
16
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
a greater downward thickness of the coal formation in Southwest Missouri, including beds whose position is probably below those of the northern part of the State. These rocks, with the accom- panying beds of coal and iron, cover an area of more than 27,000 square miles in Missouri alone.
The geological map of the State shows that if a line were roughly drawn from Clark County on the northeast to Jasper County in the southwest, most of the counties northwest of this line, together with Audrain, Howard and Boone, would be included in the coal measure. There are also extensive coal beds in Cole, Moniteau, St. Charles, St. Louis and Callaway Counties.
The Missouri coal basin is one of the largest in the world, including besides the 27,000 square miles in Missouri, 10,000 in Nebraska; 12,000 in Kansas; 20,000 in Iowa, and 30,000 in Illi- nois ; making a total of about 100,000 square miles.
The fossils of the coal measure are numerous, and distinct from those of any other formation. This latter fact has led to the discovery of the existence of coal measures and the coal beds contained in them, over an area of many thousand miles, where it had been supposed that no coal measures and no coal existed.
Of the lower carboniferous rocks, the upper Archimedes lime- stone is developed in Ste. Genevieve County.
The ferruginous sandstone is generally found along the eastern and southern limit of the coal fields, passing beneath the coal formation on the west. It varies from a few feet to 100 feet in thickness. In Callaway it occurs both as a pure white sand- stone, a ferruginous sandstone, and a conglomerate. In Pettis and Howard Counties we find it a coarse, whitish sandstone. In Cedar, Dade and Lawrence a very ferruginous sandstone, often containing valuable deposits of iron ore. In Newton County it occurs in useful flaglike layers.
The St. Louis limestone, next in descending order, forms the entire group of limestone at St. Louis, where it is well marked and of greater thickness than seen elsewhere in this State. It is more often fine grained, compact or sub-crystalline, sometimes inclosing numerous chert concretions, and the beds are often separated by thin, green shale beds.
Its stratigraphical position is between the ferruginous sand-
17
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
stone and the Archimedes limestone, as seen near the Des Moines, and near the first tunnel on the Pacific Railroad. It is found in Clark and Lewis Counties, but, as has been said, attains its greatest development at St. Louis-hence its name.
The most characteristic fossils yet described are palæchinus multipora, lithostrotion canadense, Echinocrinus nerei, Poterio- crinus longidactylus and Atrypa lingulata.
The lower Archimides limestone includes the "arenaceous bed," the " Warsaw or second Archimedes limestone," the mag- nesian limestone, the " Geode bed," the " Keokuk or lower Archim- edes limestone" of Prof. Hall's section, and the lead-bearing rocks of Southwestern Missouri; which last, though different from any of the above beds, are more nearly allied to them than to the encrinital limestone below. All of the above beds are easily recognized in Missouri, except, perhaps, the Warsaw limestone, which is but imperfectly represented in our north- eastern counties, where the "Keokuk limestone," .the "Geode beds," and the magnesian limestone are well developed.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.