USA > Missouri > Boone County > History of Boone County, Missouri. > Part 17
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The company from Callaway was commanded by Capt. Allen. On the arrival of these forces at the headwaters of the Chariton, where the engagement had occurred, it was found that some ten or twelve Indians had been killed ; that Myers and Owensby had been killed
181
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
and scalped, and that nothing remained of Winn except his hands and feet, he having been burned by the Indians. They were decently interred, and the volunteers formed an encamp- ment to await the arrival of other companies and instructions from Gov. John Miller in regard to ulterior movements. To expedite the receipt of these instructions Robert W. Wells, Attorney-General of the State, who had accompanied the force from Fayette, was deputed to go to Jefferson City to see the Governor. Before his return, how- ever, Mr. Reed, of Howard County, arrived as an express from the Governor with instructions that all the men, except one hundred, should return to their homes. Whereupon the companies from Boone and Callaway reluctantly departed. These instructions were given because two hundred United States troops, on board the steamer Crusader, were en route to Franklin, thence to the scene of trouble. Gen. Henry Leavenworth,1 for greater expedition, left St. Louis in the stage, arrived at Fayette in due time, and departed at once for Liberty.
This martial array proved a regular fiasco, for no Indians were discovered, and no apprehension of further trouble being enter- tained, their swords were turned into pruning hooks and their spears into ploughshares, and the troops, regular and volunteer, returned.
THE SANTA FE TRADE.
From about 1820 to 1835 the Santa Fe trade was a great interest in the Boonslick country, and in its prosecution a large amount of capital and caravans of armed traders were employed. Franklin was the commercial centre and starting point of this trade. Dry goods and notions were transported in wagons drawn by teams of horses or mules to Santa Fe, and there exchanged for specie, Spanish mules, buffalo robes, etc. These expeditions were attended by many hardships and privations and dangers from hostile Indians. To be prepared against the latter, the companies of traders were, in fact, companies of armed soldiers, prepared to protect the caravans.
1 Gen. Leavenworth was born in New Haven, Connecticut, December 10, 1783, and died near the False Wachita, July 21, 1834. His remains were interred in the grave- yard at Delhi, N. Y., where there is a marble monument, twelve feet high, erected to his memory. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, was named in honor of him.
182
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
Many and bloody were the encounters which they experienced, and some of the most enterprising and well-known citizens of this region of the State lost their lives by the Indian rifle, tomahawk or arrow.
The following article will give some idea of this trade, and cannot fail to interest all of our readers : -
SANTA FE.
[From the Fayette Intelligencer, May 2, 1828.]
The town of Franklin, as also our own village, presents to the eye of the beholder a busy, bustling and commercial scene, in buying, selling and packing goods, practis- ing mules, &c., &c., all preparatory to the starting of the great spring caravan to Santa Fe. A great number of our fellow-citizens are getting ready to start, and will be off in the course of a week, on a trading expedition. We have not the means of knowing how many persons will start in the first company, but think it probable the number will exceed 150, principally from this and the adjoining counties. They generally pur- chase their outfits from the merchants here at from 20 to 30 per cent. advance on the Philadelphia prices, and calculate on making 40 to 100 per cent. upon their purchases. They will generally return in the fall. We suppose the amount which will be taken from this part of the country this spring will not, perhaps, fall much short of $100,000 at the invoice prices.
We wish them a safe and profitable trip, a speedy return to their families and homes in health, and that they may long live to enjoy the profits of their long and fatiguing journey of nearly 1,000 miles through prairies, inhabited only by savages and wild beasts.
CHAPTER III.
HISTORY FROM 1830 TO 1840.
Election returns from 1830 to 1840 - Fourth of July celebration in Columbia in 1831 - First Hanging in Boone County - Samuel Samuel, alias Samuel Earls, hung for murder, December 13, 1831 - The Black Hawk war - Boone County's participation in it -Court Martial for the trial of Gen. Benjamin Means - Washington Irving visits Columbia - Population of Boone County in 1832 - Pioneer Theatre - Finan- cial statement of Columbia, 1833 - Stars, Stars, Stars - A Meteoric Phenomenon - First paper mill west of the Mississippi - Bingham, " the Missouri artist " - First Agricultural Fair in Missouri -Trial of Conway for the murder of Israel B. Grant - The Florida war - Boone County's Soldiers in it -Capt. John Ellis' Company - Battle of O-kee-cho-bee and Death of Col. Gentry -The Mormon War, 1830.
183
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
ELECTION, 1830.
* Those thus marked were elected.
SENATORS.
Columbia.
Cedar.
Missouri.
Perche.
Rockyfork.
Total.
* William Jewell
366
85
81
33
33
600
Richard Gentry
308
19
64
44
41
473
Total
1,073
Representatives in Legislature.
*John B. Gordon ..
410
83
84
20
34
631
*Daniel P. Wilcox
394
64
73
17
40
588
*Wm. S. Burch.
392
41
103
63
33
632
*Tyre Harris ..
228
70
60
48
29
435
Jesse T. Wood.
266
24
64
45
33
432
*Peter Wright.
255
21
43
42
33
394
Hutchens Barnett
117
7
17
13
7
161
Sheriff.
*Thomas C. Maupin
400
78
46
41
47
612
Peter Kerney.
139
20
25
23
18
225
John Stemmons.
105
6
74
22
6
213
James Laughlin.
36
1
1
38
Sampson Wright.
Total
1,090
William Jewell was elected State Senator ; John B. Gordon, Daniel P. Wilcox and William S. Burch, Representatives, and Thomas C. Maupin, Sheriff.
ELECTION, 1831.
REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS, AUG. 4, 1831.
Columbia.
Cedar.
Missouri.
Perche.
Rockyfork.
Total.
David Barton ..
351
40
55
14 37
*Spencer Pettis.
346
34
63
On November 7, 1831, there was a special election for Representative to Congress to fill vacancy occasioned by death of Spencer Pettis.
Robert W. Wells
236
31
39
306
* William H. Ashley
ELECTION, 1832.
Senators -
*John Bull.
364
92 21
128 51 1
70 38
24 21
678 261 16
·
·Stephen Dorris
5
10
John T. Smith.
2
1
3
958
Total
244
68
23
335
1
1
2
460
480
Daniel Dunklin
130
184
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
ELECTION, 1832 - Continued.
Lieutenant-Governor -
*James McClelland.
471 38
117 6
159 17
79 26
39
865. 91
Lilburn W. Bogys
956.
Total
Representative in Congress -
*Wm. H. Ashley ..
381
91
130 53
54 53
26
318
Robert W. Wells.
151
35
1
1
James H. Birch.
997
Total
Representatives in Legislature -
*John B. Gordon.
387
76
154 126
56
28
645
*Oliver Parker.
345
90
89
75
18
543
*Tyre Harris ..
262
66
105
53
31
517
Richard Gentry.
165
37
62
54
19
337
Henry Cave.
117
23
25
59
36
260
ELECTION, 1833.
Representatives in Congress -
*John Bull.
272
40
50
23
13
397
George Shannon
158
26
16
29
18
247
James H. Birch
25
7
4
15
51
George F. Strother
31
8
3
42
George C. Sibley
8
3
1
12
Total
ELECTION, 1834.
Senators -
William Jewell.
348
104
98
74 101
52
676.
* Alex. M. Robinson.
271
121
122
65 98
62 91
798
*Sinclair Kirtley ..
552
197
181
143 102
119
1,192
*Thomas C. Maupin.
329
78
70
50
629
Tyre Harris ..
109
12
98
35
2
256
John Henderson.
124
45
127
69
16
381
Lawrence Bass
114
116
31
54
48
363:
* Austin A. King
302
154
126
111
80
780
7
1,373.
Total
Representatives in Legislature -
*John B. Gordon.
427
470
100 146
144 91
36
24
677
282
79
Jesse T. Wood
749
82
697
896
Jesse B. Dale.
4
22
678
185
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
AUGUST 8, 1835.
REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. .
*Wm. H. Ashley.
513
97
113
78
39
840
James H. Birch ..
391
60
71
57
31
610
George F. Strother
224
32
40
53
19
- 368
Albert G. Harrison.
218
33
27
56
17
351
Total.
2,169
AUGUST 8, 1836.
REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS.
*James H. Birch. 686 Samuel C. Owens 641
Albert G. Harrison
507 John Miller
519
George F. Strother. 12
2,365 1 Total
GOVERNOR.
*William H. Ashley 827|Lilburn W. Boggs 444
1,271
Total
LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR.
*James Jones.
749|F. Concannon 436
Total.
1,183
REPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE.
*John B. Gordon. 774|*Michael Woods. 729
*Thomas C. Maupin. 813 *Arch W. Turner 784
Austin A. King. 663 Thomas D. Grant. 637
William S. Burch. 129|Ben. F. Robinson. 393
NOVEMBER 7, 1836.
Special election of Representative in Legislature caused by the death of Michael Woods- *Austin A. King. 630| William Jewell .. 547
Total
1,177
AUGUST 8, 1838.
REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS.
944 John Wilson. 938
*Beverly Allen
John Miller. 510|Albert G. Harrison 513
Total.
2,905
SENATORS.
*Thomas C. Maupin ....
950|*Arch. W. Turner. 931
William H. Duncan 519 John Slack 492
186
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
REPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE.
*David M. Hickman 997 |*James S. Rollins. 1,008
*John B. Gordon ..
792 *Alex. Persinger. 857
Tyre Harris.
829 George B. Wilcox. - 674
Lawrence Bass
530
NOVEMBER 6, 1839.
Special election for Representative in Congress occasioned by the death of Albert G. Harrison.
*Thornton Grimsly. 3911John Jamison 223
614
Total
1830. -- Population of Boone County
8,859
FOURTH OF JULY AT COLUMBIA.
[Intelligencer, July 9, 1831.]
A large number of the citizens of Columbia and its vicinity assem- bled on the 4th inst., at Capt. David Gordon's spring, for the pur- pose of celebrating the fifty-sixth anniversary of our independence. An oration was delivered by Calvin L. Perry, Esq., after which the company sat down to a dinner provided for the occasion. At the conclusion of the repast, owing to the inclemency of the weather, the company adjourned to the court-house. The Rev. John Greenlagh was appointed president of the day ; Doctor A. M. Robinson, vice- president and A. A. King and William Cornelius, secretaries. The following toasts were then drank :
1. The day we celebrate. - Pre-eminent in story ! The destroyers of nations are astonished at the magnanimity of the deed! This glorious epoch will ever stand as a memorial of a nation's enfran- chisement, and the resplendent talents and virtues of a land of heroes. 7
2. The Declaration of Independence. - No instrument ever delin- eated the rights of man more clearly. Whilst virtue prevails, it will stand as a memento of the purity and magnaminity of the patriots and heroes who formed and maintained it.
3. The Signers of the Declaration of Independence. - The apostles of liberty ; willing to become martyrs in its cause. .
4. George Washington.
5. The Departed Heroes and Sages of the Revolution. - Conse-
187
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
crated in the affections of the American people by the estimable legacy bequeathed them, of liberty founded on reason, and secured by written Constitutions.
6. Thomas Jefferson. - The patriotic statesman and virtuous sage - the fruits of his labors are not only the inheritance of the American people, but of all nations.
7. Benjamin Franklin. - Philosophy justly claims him as her dis- ciple and ornament. The present and future generations will revere his virtues.
8. General Lafayette. - Tyrants be mute ! envy hold thy peace ! his glory cannot be sullied ! continents claim him as their defender, and liberty as its invincible champion.
9. The President of the United States of America.
10. The Ex-Presidents of the United States. - Long, arduously and successfully have you devoted your services in behalf of your country and the great principles of civil and religious liberty. It is an animating reflection that the influence of your example will extend to your successors.
11. The Constitution of the United States. - The grand depository of American happiness : To watch and guard with an untiring and patriotic vigilance, is the first of duties ; but in construing its pro- visions let us be governed by a spirit of justice and candor.
12. Union of the States. - The fruits of the toils, wisdom and blood of the patriots and sages of the Revolution cement it ; he who rejects this inheritance, barters his richest birthright for a mess of pottage.
13. Education. - As knowledge is justly conceived to be the basis of public happiness, the promotion of science and literature is conse- quently the surest guarantee of a free, efficient and equal government.
14. The Supreme Court of the United States. - The splendid talents and legal acquirements of this tribunal afford just grounds for national pride. The security which it gives and the equal justice which it administers, entitles it to the confidence of the American people.
15. Political Parties. - Whilst man is admitted to be fallible, union of opinion on all subjects cannot be expected. But as the union of our government constitutes us one people, our interests are insep- arable. It is, therefore, wise and prudent to reject all personal and sectional animosities in our political views and measures.
188
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
16. Agricultural Commerce and Manufactures. - These are the- great resources on which are founded the power, energy and prosper- ity of nations.
17. The American Navy. - The independence and commercial pros- perity of the nation essentially depend on its organization being ample. The patriotic spirit of our seamen will vindicate the honor and rights of our country and its flag from insult and aggression.
18. Poland. - Ill-fated nation ! Your heroism, your invincible love of liberty, entitle you to success. The most devout wishes of every patriotic philanthropist under heaven are with you.
19. The South American Republics. - We deem the constitutional principle and representative government, as essential to the inde- pendence and prosperity of a nation. We cherish the pleasing hope that this will be the reward of your toils and dangers.
20. Greece. - The Ottoman no longer tramples on the grave of Leonidas.
21. Christopher Columbus. -
" The first who dared to brave
The unknown wonders of the western wave."
Ever held in grateful remembrance by the American people.
22. John Adams. - His revolutionary services will ever entitle- him to the gratitude of the American people.
23. The State of Missouri. - Blessed with all the resources neces- 1 sary to her prosperity.
24. The American Fair. - Their bosoms are the pure sanctuaries. of honor, fidelity and truth. The far-famed Caucasus can exhibit nothing [more lovely} to the eye of taste, and the character of the Romantand Grecian matron is not more perfect and desirable.
25. The Orator of the Day. - [Mr. Perry rose and returned his thanks for the honor done, and offered as a toast ].
The Citizens of Boone County. - Alike distinguished for their- patriotism and their hospitality.
VOLUNTEERS.
By the Vice-President. - The Constitution of the United States. The atlas of the Federal Union, patriots formed' and patriots will maintain it.
By A. A. King. - The heroes and sages of the Revolution. While- we drink of the cup of liberty and eat of the bread of independence,.
189
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
the recollection of their glorious achievements shall furnish the most grateful part of the repast.
By William Cornelius. - Lafayette, Kosciusko, Steuben, Pulaski, and DeKalb - Americans will forever admire their disinterested love of liberty, and feel grateful for their efficient services.
By R. N. Todd. - The Union : May it never be severed by politi- cal discord.
By Peter Kerney. - Daniel O'Connell, the Irish orator : May he be as successful in putting down kings and princes, as he is powerful in defending the rights of the Irish people.
By James S. Rollins. - The American Constitution : The most stupendous and glorious edifice of liberty that has ever been created upon the foundation of human integrity in any age or country.
By R. S. Barr. - Domestic Manufacturers, like an infant, re- quires nursing : a nation giving the proper protection secures in time all articles necessary to her comfort at a cheaper rate than she can ·obtain them from foreigners, and thereby renders herself independent.
By W. K. Van Arsdall. - Domestic Manufacturers should be en- couraged but not to the aggrandizement of one section of the Union and to the destruction of another.
By E. Robert. - Henry Clay, the luminary of the world : May the splendor of his genius never cease to emit its radiance while the wheels of time are moved by the force of rationality.
By James T. Tilton. - The County of Boone : her standing in the State is as America to the nations of the world.
By Dr. James M. Moss. - Bank of the United States : As a me- dium of exchange, relative value, and general usefulness to all classes and all callings, this institution is unparalleled ; the question therefore to abolish it, is one involving the highest national interest and requir- ing the most solemn deliberation.
By J. C. Boggs. - The Constitution formed by the statesmen of ''76 - better than we can do - let it stand.
By Dr. James H. Bennett. - Henry Clay : May March 1833 make him President of this nation, not of a party.
By J. Osborne. - Gen. Andrew Jackson -the soldier of the Revolution,1 the victorious commander in the late war - he is now de- servedly enjoying the highest honors in the gift of a free people.
1 Wishing our readers enlightened on the subject, we shall take it as a favor if Mr. .O., will please to recapitulate the exploits or services of General Jackson during the -" Revolution." -EDITOR.
190
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
By M. Neale. - Rotation in offices, the advice of our President : May it be strictly adhered to.
By C. L. Perry. - The 4th of March, 1801, and the 4th of March, 1829 : " then were the winters of our discontent made glorious summer's morn."
By W. K. Van Arsdall. - Internal improvements in the interior of the States - they are the only legitimate authority to conduct them.
By Wm. Cornelius. - Henry Clay, the Union, Internal Improve- ment, Domestic Manufacturers, the United States Bank, and real Reform.
By J. M. Thurston. - The State of Missouri : her soil fertile, her | climate salubrious, and her people prosperous and happy.
By a Guest. - The Ladies : In war our arms their protection - in peace their arms our refuge.
The festivities of the day were concluded by a ball at Mr. McClel- lan's Hotel.
THE FIRST LEGAL HANGING IN BOONE COUNTY.
The first man hung in Boone County for murder, was Samuel Samuels, whose true name was Samuel Earls, and it occurred on the 13th day of December, 1831. The place of execution was a small field or clearing north of the present grounds of Christian College and south of Trices' Nursery, and east of the Columbia and Blackfoot turnpike, and at a spot about one hundred yards northeast of the James M. Long house, now occupied by George E. Allgier as a residence.
The murder occurred in New London, Ralls County, early on Sun- day morning, December 6, 1829. The citizen murdered was Charles B. Rouse, and the case was called in the Boone Circuit Court, June term, 1830, by a change of venue. David Todd, judge ; Roger N. Todd, clerk ; Thos C. Maupin, sheriff. It was continued from time to time until the June term of 1831, when it was tried before the following jury :-
Henry Anderson, Rolly Asbury, Anthony Ousley, John Austin, John Hopper, John Henderson, James R. Woods, James Kirtley, Wm. McClain, Asa Stone, Wm. Nichols, Jolın Faulkner.
After a full hearing of the case the prisoner was convicted and sen- tenced, June 13, 1831, to be hung on Friday, July 8, next ensuing, on which day, in the language of a newspaper of the time, " an im-
191
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
mense collection of people of all sexes and all colors " assembled to. witness the execution. On that morning, however, a respite from the Governor, John Miller, reached the sheriff, postponing the execution until December 13th, 1831, in order that the Supreme Court might have an opportunity to decide certain points of law appealed to them. (See 3d Mo. Reports (Houck ), page 42. )
He was hung on the day named, and, under the escort of a small armed guard, was taken to the place of execution in a cart drawn by a yoke of oxen. . The sheriff (Maupin) then lived on a farm on the Two-Mile Prairie, east of town, and the cart and oxen belonged to. him. His negro man, Adam, drove them to Columbia that morning, and to the gallows. The hanging was according to the old style, a strangulation, for the culprit stood in the cart body, the cart at a signal being driven from under him. He protested his innocence to the last.
The evidence on the trial showed that for about a year previous to. the murder of Rouse there had existed a bitter feud between Rouse and his friends and a number of other persons residing in and near New London. This feud finally culminated in the unfortunate killing by Rouse of a young man by the name of Purdam, who had attached himself to and took an active part with the party opposed to Rouse. For this homicide Rouse was indicted, tried and acquitted. This re- sult inflamed to a greater degree the virulence of the friends of Purdam, which, reacting upon the opposing faction, increased the rancor and violence of both.
It was during this condition of affairs that Samuel Samuel, alias Earls, appeared upon the scene. He came to New London from St. Louis, a stranger, apparently without money or friends. He did not know, nor does it appear from the testimony that he had ever spoken to Rouse, and the belief prevailed among the friends of Rouse that some one or more of the opposing faction had picked him up in St. Louis, brought him to New London, and hired him to. commit the murder: At all events, apparently without motive, ex- cept as stated, and wholly without provocation, early on the morn- ing of the homicide, he secreted himself in an old warehouse in the rear of Boardman's store, and through a hole, seemingly made for- the purpose, shot Rouse with a rifle, while he was standing in the porch of Caldwell's tavern. The ball entered the deceased just be- low the left nipple, and passing entirely through the body, wounded a man by the name of Saunders, who was standing near Rouse ..
192
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
After receiving the shot Rouse never spoke, and died in a few minutes.
After the murder, Samuel, alias Earls, fled and concealed himself in a cave in the Salt River hills, in Ralls County. A woman who daily carried food to him was tracked in the snow, and thus be- trayed his hiding place, and he was arrested, tried, convicted and executed, as above stated. Earls was about sixty years of age, and was defended on the trial by Thomas L. Anderson, of Palmyra, and by John B. Gordon, Austin A. King, Wm. K. Van Arsdall and Benjamin F. Robinson, of Columbia. Mr. Anderson is a distin- guished citizen of Palmyra, yet living. Mr. Gordon was the father of Boyle, Wellington and Carey H. Gordon, of Columbia, Mo. Mr. King was subsequently Governor and a member of Congress. Mr. Robinson is the father of the present prosecuting attorney of . Boone County, J. De W. Robinson.
The prisoner was prosecuted by the attorney-general of the State, Robert W. Wells, of Jefferson City.
All of the jury, and all others connected with the trial, are dead, . except Mr. Maupin, the sheriff, who now lives in Ysleta, El Paso County, Texas, at the advanced age of eighty-five ; Mr. Anderson, of Palmyra, Mo., and Mr. B. F. Robinson, who resides near Dallas, Texas.
Earls was buried under the gallows, and no doubt his remains re- pose on the spot to this day.
Wm. E. Wright, our present county surveyor, then a small boy, was present on July 8, to witness the execution, and, with others, was sadly disappointed and in no very amiable mood, because it did not occur. He did not attend when it did take place ; but Robert L. Todd, now cashier of the Exchange National Bank of Columbia, then a little boy, witnessed it, and for the purpose of doing so, rode to the grounds on a horse and behind John R. Bedford, who stood him up before him on the horse's neck, and held him that he might see the hanging. Maj. N. W. Wilson was one of the guard.
THE BLACK HAWK WAR.
" Switzler's History of Missouri" says the Black Hawk War oc- curred during the year 1832 - called " The Black Hawk War" be- cause the Indians engaged in it were led by a brave, often called a chief, by the name of Black Hawk.1 He cannot rank in intelligence
1 " Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah," or Black Hawk.
193
HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
or heroism with Pontiac or Tecumseh, for he showed no special intel- lectual power ; was simply a desperate savage, and fought only for revenge.
In 1832 several tribes on the northwestern frontier who had made common cause with the British in 1812, became restless and appeared bent on hostilities. These tribes were the Sacs, Foxes . and Winnebagoes. After the peace of 1815 they maintained their intercourse with the British in Canada, the consequence of which was, the influence over them by the United States was greatly weakened. In fact, in 1816, Black Hawk, having gathered around him a small band of disaffected spirits, refused to attend the negotiations of that year, went to Canada, proclaimed himself a British subject, and re- ceived presents from that quarter.
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