USA > Missouri > Boone County > History of Boone County, Missouri. > Part 33
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Many and oft have been the times during the period about which we write, and notably during the celebrated presidential canvass of 1844, our citizens came together at the battalion musters at Charles Sprinkle's, at Wm. Marney's, at Edward Young's and at Stephen Wilhite's, at each of which, mounted on some prancing steed whose " neck was clothed with thunder," was to be seen the tall form of Brigadier Gen. Stewart B. Hatton, with red sash and golden epaulets and burnished sword gleaming in the sunlight. James Crockett, Jesse Barnett and John W. Hall were among the colonels com- manding.
THE GREAT FRESHET OF 1844.
No event, perhaps, in the history of Boone County is more marked than the June freshet in the Missouri River in 1844. At no time be fore or since was the river ever so full. Completely without its banks the low lands along the whole course of the river were over flowed. The town of Rocheport, in Boone County, suffered very seriously. The store and warehouse of Peebles & Keizers, near the bank, were inundated, the lower floors being covered with several feet of water. Water six feet deep was upon the floor of the dining room of Northcutt's Hotel, and above the counters in all the business houses fronting the river - those of J. K. Wright & Co., Meyers & Butler, Howlett & Bourne, etc.
The steamboat " Wapello" went as far into town as the market house, with which it collided, demolishing the house. All the mer- chants in the place removed their goods to more elevated positions on Central Street.
The town of Nashville - Providence was then unknown - was completely inundated and also the immense bottoms adjacent. Every inhabitant of Nashville had to desert it. The water was eight feet deep in the streets. Rice G. Woods & Co. and John Parker & Sons, merchants, in order to save their goods, shipped them on steam- boats, the latter to St. Louis, the former to Teter's landing, up the
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river. Lamme's warehouse' was swept away, and Camplin's tobacco factory, which stood on the river bank, caved into the river.
Great destruction of property and personal distress, and perils to life and limb were occasioned in the Missouri bottom. A number of families were rendered destitute, and relief was afforded them by wagon loads of provisions which more fortunate citizens contributed.
On Tuesday night, June 18, about 9 o'clock, four citizens of Co- lumbia, William Lampton, Cornelius Maupin, Lewis T. Dameron and John W. Collier, left that place for Nashville for the purpose of aiding Woods & Co. to prepare their goods for shipment on a steamer in or- der to save them. North of the town there was a slough, and also low lands adjacent, which, without their knowledge and contrary to their expectations, were under water. Arriving about 3 o'clock in the morning at the edge of the water, and about one mile from the vil- lage, and not for a moment suspecting the water was too deep to be thus encountered, they rode into it on their horses, one of them with a lantern leading the way. They soon discovered their danger, and in the pitchy darkness of the night became confused, lost their way, and resolved to tie their horses, abandon them, and climb trees and remain till morning. Fortunately, the beleagured quarto reached two saplings not far distant, and two ascended each of them; and there, amid the howlings of the night and the terrible roar of the remorse- less flood, they remained perched till morning. By this time the waters had so risen that their horses could not stand ; therefore, de- termined to make another effort to escape the great and singular per- ils which threatened them and to reach the town, they descended from the limbs on which they had stood the whole night, mounted their horses and headed their course for dry land, about one thousand yards distant. After accomplishing three-fourths of the way, their horses gave out, and a watery grave seemed to be the fate of all. Two of the men succeeded in reaching trees, the third a large floating log, but the fourth, Mr. Collier, benumbed by the vapors of night and flood, and overcome by the dangers through which they had passed, and which seemed still to block their way to safety, lost all self-control, and was drowned.
About 6 o'clock that morning, the three who remained, giving the alarm by loud cries of distress, were relieved by Dr. William B. Lenoir, Harry Acton and other citizens, who made their way to them on a hastily constructed raft of planks and logs.
Mr. Collier's body was recovered the next day.
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The town of Nashville having been completely submerged and swept away by the freshet, it was at once resolved to establish a new town as a place of business for the country round about and as a ship- ping and receiving point for Columbia ; and, therefore, before the flood had fairly subsided, the commissioners of Providence - William Shields, John H. Field and Robert S. Barr - advertised a sale of lots at a point immediately above the Nashville bottom, on a permanent rock bluff, and a sale of lots was made on July 13.
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, 1844.
Boone claimed to be the banner Whig county of the State, and, being settled largely by Kentuckians, felt a lively interest in the suc- cess of Kentucky's great statesman and orator, Henry Clay. All through the canvass the enthusiasm was almost unbounded, and Whig speakers, home and foreign, addressed the people at various times and places - among whom may be mentioned Abiel Leonard, of Howard ; Louis V. Bogy, of St. Louis ; John B. Duncan and William H. Russell, of Callaway ; James S. Rollins, Sinclair Kirtley, Dr. William Jewell, A. W. Turner, F. T. Russell and W. F. Switzler, of Boone. Clay clubs - some of them with 'coons and banners - were organized in every township, many of which were regaled by campaign songs, rendered by glee clubs. On Tuesday night, October 8, in the pres- ence of a large crowd, and near the Statesman office, a tall ash flag pole was raised, from the top of which floated the American flag, on which occasion Col. William H. Russell and John B. Duncan, of Callaway, addressed the people. But this pole did not long bear aloft its flag and streamers, for, on the night of November 20, decisive returns being received from New York, rendering Mr. Clay's defeat unquestionable, some disappointed and disgusted Whigs laid the axe to its base and with their hopes it fell to the ground.
Nor were the Democrats, friends of James K. Polk, either idle or lacking enthusiasm'during the campaign. C. F. Jackson, of Howard ; John Jameson and Thomas Ancell, of Callaway, and William A. Robards, of Boone, met the Whig orators in debate, and added inter- est and excitement to the exercises of the political rostrum.
Mr. Clay's majority in the county was 588.
LIQUOR PROHIBITION FORESHADOWED.
In the winter of 1845 a temperance society was organized in Colum-
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bia, with the following officers : W. F. Switzler, president ; James H. Woods, first vice-president ; M. S. Matthews, second vice-president ; Dr. A. J. McKelway, corresponding secretary, and Lewis T. Dameron, recording secretary ; whose constitution embraced the princi- ples of prohibition, as follows : " That we desire the General Assem- bly so to change the present license laws as to permit the qualified voters in every township in the State to decide at the polls how many, if any, grocery and dram-shop licenses shall be granted within their respective townships."
COLONIZATION SOCIETIES.
Early in May, 1845, Rev. R. S. Finley, agent of the Missouri Col- onization Society, visited Columbia and Rocheport and addressed large meetings of the people in behalf of African colonization. On May 17th a society was organized in Columbia, a constitution adopted, and the following officers elected : President, Dr. Wm. Jewell ; vice-pres- idents, T. M. Allen, Isaac Jones, Thos. H. Ford, Walter Prescott, Fielding Wilhite, Warren Woodson, A. Persinger, Eli E. Bass, Dr. A. H. Robinson ; secretary, Wm. F. Switzler ; treasurer, Sinclair Kirt- ley ; managers, Dr. T. R. H. Smith, Moss Prewitt, Jas. S. Rollins, John H. Lathrop, Robt. S. Thomas, Jesse A. Boulton, Dr. H. M. Clarkson, Caleb S. Stone, A. W. Turner, W. W. Hudson, John F. Stone, Milton S. Matthews.
W. F. Switzler was instructed to write and publish an address in behalf of colonization, and Sinclair Kirtley was invited to deliver a speech to the society at its meeting on July 4, 1845. On Sunday, July 5, 1846, this society held its annual meeting in the Christian Church in Columbia, Dr. Jewell presiding. Very interesting addresses were made by Dr. T. R. H. Smith, Eld. Samuel S. Church, and Col. S. A. Young. Eld. Thos. M. Allen was elected president for the en- suing year.
In September, 1847, the following officers were elected : President, Dr. Wm. Jewell ; vice-presidents, T. M. Allen, Isaac Jones, R. S. Thomas, R. L. McAfee, William Wilhite, Z. N. Roberts, and A. R. Macey ; secretary, W. F. Switzler; treasurer, M. S. Matthews ; managers, Dr. T. R. H. Smith, Moss Prewitt, J. S. Rollins, J. H. Lathrop, Nelson Carter, Dr. H. M. Clarkson, D. M. Hickman, W. W. Hudson, G. C. Pratt, J. B. Howard, Dr. Wm. Provines, and N. W. Wilson.
A society was also organized in Rocheport, May 16, 1845. Presi-
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HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY.
dent, Moses U. Payne; vice president, George Knox; secre- tary, Rev. David Coulter ; treasurer, George W. Outcalt ; mana- gers, Dr. A. H. Robertson, Rev. Walter Prescott, - Caldwell, P. Crow, George Beeman, - Howlett, and B. McAlister. Although these societies had a regular organization and existed for two or three years, nothing special was accomplished for African colonization.
BOONE COUNTY TAXES IN 1845.
The entire taxable wealth of the county, in 1845, was $1,943,162 ; whole number of carriages and buggies only 48; money at interest only $119,460; total State taxes only $3,699.53.
MISSOURI ANNUAL CONFERENCE.
One of the most interesting and important sessions of the Confer- ence of the Missouri Methodist Episcopal Church ever held in the State convened in the Union Church, in Columbia, on October 1, 1845 - Bishop Soulè presiding - and continued in session eleven days. The great question of separation was before the Conference and excited the profoundest interest. Those who participated in the discussion and denied the propriety of adhering to the Church South were the following ministers : Jas. M. Jameson, Wilson S. McMurray, Nathan- iel Westerman and Thomas W. Chandler. Those who took the oppo- site view were Andrew Monroe, Thomas Ashley, Wm. Patten, Wes- ley Browning, Joseph Boyle and Jesse Green. The Conference, by a vote of 86 to 14, adhered to the Church South. Total number of members of the Methodist Church in Missouri, 26,061, of which there were 23,532 whites and 2,529 colored. During the third week in October, 1845, Elder Alexander Campbell, of Bethany, Virginia, attended a State meeting of the Christian Church, in Columbia, and delivered several sermons to large audiences. On Sunday, October 19, so great was the concourse present that the meeting was held in a grove east of town, very near the spot on which the residence of James L. Stephens now stands, where Mr. Campbell addressed several thousand people in a very able and scholarly discourse.
THE NEW COURT HOUSE.
On the 2d Monday in December, 1845, the Boone County Court, consisting of Judges Alexander Persinger, James W. Daly, and Gilpin S. Tuttle, resolved on building a new court house, and made
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an order appropriating $10,000 for that purpose and appointed Dr. Wm. Jewell superintendent of the work.
The work was entered upon in due time and the house completed and delivered November 22, 1847, by the following contractors : Larkin Richardson, undertaker of the stone work ; Henry Keene, of the brick work ; B. McAlester, of the carpenter's work, and Rolly Asberry, of the plastering. The entire cost of the building was $17,165, and was at the time regarded as the best, largest and most magnificent court-house in Central Missouri. Since that time, however, it has been far eclipsed by the court houses of almost every other county in this part of the State.
Above the front door there is a plate inserted in the wall on which are these words : (W. M. Winter, architect ; 1) "L. Richardson, H. Keene, and B. McAlester, builders ; Wm. Jewell, superintend- ent." Below this plate on the stone lintel of the front door is the following inscription : " Oh Justice ! when expelled from other hab- itations make this thy dwelling place ! "
THE MEXICAN WAR.
" Switzler's History of Missouri " says that the annexation of Texas was the alleged cause of the declaration of war by Mexico against the United States in April, 1846 ; but the more immediate cause of it was the occupation by the American army of the disputed territory lying between the rivers Nueces and Rio Grande.
The declaration of war by Mexico was soon followed by a counter- declaration by the American Congress, that " a state of war exists be- tween Mexico and the United States." Soon after this counter- declaration, the Mexicans crossed the Rio Grande in strong forces, headed by their famous Generals Arista and Ampudia, and on the 8th and 9th of May, at Palo Alto and Resaca de Palma, were met and repulsed with great slaughter by General Taylor, of the " Army of Occupation." This fact created great excitement in St. Louis and the surrounding country. Volunteers flocked to the standard of the United States, and the " St. Louis Legion," a military organization under command of Colonel A. R. Easton, quickly prepared for the field of action.
About the middle of May, 1846, Governor Edwards, of Missouri, called for volunteers to join the "Army of the West " - an expedition
1 The words in parenthesis originally appeared, but were erased by order of Dr. Wm. Jewell.
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to Santa Fe - under command of General Stephen W. Kearney. Corps of mounted volunteers were speedily organized, and early in June began to arrive at Fort Leavenworth, the appointed rendezvous. By the 18th of the month, the full complement of companies to com- pose the first regiment having arrived from the counties of Jackson, Lafayette, Clay, Saline, Franklin, Cole, Howard, and Callaway, an election was held, which resulted in the choice of Alexander W. Doni- phan, Colonel ; C. F. Ruff, Lieutenant-Colonel ; and William Gil- pin, Major.
Half-a-dozen men, among whom were Odon Guitar and John M. Robards, were from Boone county in the Callaway county company of Doniphan's regiment. They enlisted on three hours' notice as the company was marching through Columbia to Fort Leavenworth.
Early in the summer of 1846, Hon. Sterling Price, a member of Congress from Missouri, resigned, and was designated by President Polk to command another regiment of volunteers from Missouri, to reinforce the "Army of the West." This force consisted of a full mounted regiment and one mounted extra battalion and one extra battalion of Mormon infantry. The complement of men was soon raised, consisting of companies from the counties of Boone, Benton, Carroll, Chariton, Linn, Livingston, Monroe, Randolph, Ste. Gene- vieve and St. Louis ; and about the first of August rendezvoused at Fort Leavenworth.
With this force Colonel Price took up the line of march for Santa Fe, over the same route pursued by Kearney and Doniphan, and on September 28th, three days after Gen. Kearney's departure for Cali- fornia, arrived in very feeble health.
In May, 1846, John Ellis, Major-General of the 12th Division, Missouri Militia, received orders dated May 14, requesting him to raise without delay in the counties of Boone and Callaway, 100 volun- teers of infantry or riflemen for the reinforcement of the "Army of Occupation " in Texas. On Monday, May 25, four battalions of militia, by order of Gen. Ellis paraded in Columbia for the purpose of responding to the requisition of the Governor for fifty volunteers from this county to repair forthwith to the seat of war in Texas. More than the number required (58 men) soon marched into line, with hearts animated by the love of country, and ready to hasten to the field of battle, whence the blood of their countrymen cried out from the ground. As soon as the company was formed, an election of officers was held. The following is the roll of officers and privates :
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Captain - Wm. Robards, Sr.
First Lieutenant - Alex. L. Robinson. Second Lieutenant - Elijah A. Willis. Orderly Sergeant - Jno. M. Robards. Second Sergeant - Wm. E. Wright. Third Sergeant - Arthur Callaham.
Fourth Sergeant - Jno. W. Carter. First Corporal - J. P. Fleming. Second Corporal -J. B. Phillips.
Third Corporal - J. B. Ridgway. Fourth Corporal -Joseph Turner.
Privates - John Atha, J. W. Boggs, David Boothe, Carr Boothe, Edward Boothe, David Bishop, Archibald Brooks, Larkin Bennett, Alex. Casaday, David Coover, Felix Callahan, Joel Farthing, Henry M. Henry, Levi Herne, Wm. T. Hancock, Enoch Hulin, Ambrose Hulin, George W. Johnston, Squire Hart, Charles Hart, Granville Hornsinger, J. D. Houston, Clark Kennon, Thomas J. Kitchen, Joshua Lampton, Lafayette Lewis, Enoch Murdock, Levil Merry, James F. Mills, Isaac B. Munday, Wm. O'Connor, George Oliver, Eldridge Payne, James R. Pigg, John Simpson, Wm. Smith, R. Stone, Robert Scott, W. W. Schooling, Joseph Turner, James Turner, Jos. Vinson, Francis M. Wells, Wm. Wilhite, J. M. Wright, Barnett Williams.
The election of officers being over, the company marched from the grove to Selby's Hotel and partook of a sumptuous dinner, given them by the citizens.
Whilst the militia were on parade Capt. John Hinton, of Roche- port, now Probate Judge of Boone county, made a speech, in which he announced his intention to organize, in this county, one hundred mounted volunteers, in anticipation of the requisition of the Governor for 1,000 troops from the State to protect the Santa Fe traders. Numbers - exactly how many we do not know - gallantly responded to the call of Capt. Hinton.
It was announced that Gen. John Ellis (as captain ) and Col. James Crocket (as lieutenant ) would lead one hundred men to the plains, if their services be needed, as flying artillery. The whole number was soon made up. Some twenty-five were also added to a uniform volun- teer company, organized in the summer of 1844, under Capt. Joseph Persinger, who held themselves in readiness to march to the plains for the protection of the traders to Santa Fe.
Capt. William Robards' company, raised for the purpose of march- ing to the seat of war in Texas, never received marching orders, and therefore were never in active service.
"BOONE GUARDS " - CAPT. M'MILLAN'S COMPANY.
In July, 1846, Samuel H. McMillan, of Columbia, raised a company of mounted volunteers to join Col. Sterling Price's regiment, to rein- force the "Army of the West." The number of troops ordered from Boone County for this service was seventy-four, but eighty-three were raised, some of them volunteering from Boone and some from other
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counties. The following is a complete roster of the officers and privates of Capt. McMillan's company : -
Captain - Samuel H. McMillan.
First Lieutenant - Wm. B. Royall.
Second Lieutenant -Robt. B. Todd.
Third Lieutenant-Geo. E. Lackland. Second Corporal - E. Murdock.
First Sergeant- F. B. Webb, of St. Louis. Second Sergeant - Samuel H. Teeter.
Third Sergeant - James R. McDaniel. Fourth Sergeant - James A. Turner. First Corporal -Sherrod Faddis.
Third Corporal -John Leopard. Fourth Corporal -Robt. T. Slate.
Privates (from Boone County) - Thos. K. Mccutchen, David Bishop, G. W. Casteel, Wm. W. Curtis, John W. Carter, Thos. G, Duncan, H. P. Dunham, Enoch Dooley, Milton Dooley, David Ford, Michael Fallon, William A. Gentry, C. Houston, J. C. Houston, Gran- ville Housinger, Squire T. Hart, Tyre G. Harris, Geo. W. Johnson, F. M. Wells, Tyre H. Martin, G. W. Nichols, L. M. Nash, B. T. Orear, Richard Philips, Q. Peacher, Jas. B. Reed, Isaiah Ramsey, Radford Stone, John Speaks, James Wry, John M. Hickman ; from Howard . County, Milton Arnold, Matthew Arnold, M. M. Basey, James Campbell, Rich. Fristoe, La- fayette Head, R. A. Layton, Samuel Shacklett; from Buchanan County, John Browning, Caleb Church, M. D., Wm. Ducoing, Henry Evers, E. S. Gale, M. D., M. Ward, T. D. Wheeton, Robt. Hewete, Asa Rupe, B. Wiley; from Platte County, S. Blount, H. Fender, A. Hyde, T. S. Harris, G. W. Harris, W. A. Shackleford; from Callaway County, Elijah Bennett, J. D. Burgess ; from Fort Leavenworth, Henry Bodie; from Saline, Robert Carson; from Benton, T. H. Coats, W. C. Coats, G. W. Howser, T. H. Jeffries ; from Jackson, A. C. Dunlap; from Johnson, William H. Mars; from Atchison, A. P. Rouse, J. Rouse; from Holt, J. Rugh; from Lafayette, T. C. White.
On Monday, July 20, 1846, this company took up the line of march for Fort Leavenworth, and encamped for the night on the Perche, five miles west of town. Previous to their leaving they were formed in line, mounted, in front of the residence of Moss Prewitt -now the residence of Dr. G. W. Riggins-in the presence of a large con- course of citizens of both sexes, for the purpose of receiving a flag from the ladies of Columbia. This flag was a splendid silken streamer, bearing the stars and stripes ; on one side in large letters " Boone Guards " and stars representing the States of the Union; on the other an American eagle with arrows and an olive branch in its talons, and thirteen stars, typical of the thirteen original States, together with the mottoes : " Onward " -" We conquer but to save." The young ladies who made the flag surrounded Col. Samuel A. Young, who, in their behalf, presented it in a speech. Robert B. Todd, Sec- ond Lieutenant, accepted the flag in a speech. Mr. Todd is now one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Louisiana, and a son of the late Judge David Todd.
During the stay of the company at Santa Fe, the following privates from Boone died : Sam. Teters, William Curtis and John C. Huston.
Thomas W. Sampson, who had been elected Second Lieutenant of Capt. John Hinton's company, whose services were not needed, and
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which therefore was never mustered, followed Capt. McMillan's com- pany to Fort Leavenworth, where he entered the quartermaster's department, under Col. Ogden, and remained in it till the close of the war, being discharged in New Orleans. '
On July 22, 1847, a public dinner was tendered the Mexican war volunteers . from Boone and Howard, in Roche- port - President, George Knox ; Vice-President, Philip Crow ; Secre- tary, James A. Hill. Colonel Samuel A. Young, of Columbia, was the orator of the day, to whose speech appropriate responses were made by Jno. Hinton, of Rocheport, and J. S. Fleming, of Columbia. The citizens of Columbia being a little tardy in demonstrations of re- spect for the gallant services of the Boone County volunteers in the Mexican war, some of them held a meeting, the published proceedings of which were very ironical, as follows :
[From the Columbia Statesman of August 13, 1847.]
A MEETING
Was held by the returned volunteers of Boone County on Saturday, the 7th instant, when, on motion, Lieut. R. B. Todd was called to the chair, and Odon Guitar appointed secretary. The chairman, being called on, briefly stated the object of the meeting, after which the fol- lowing resolutions were offered and unanimously adopted : -
1. Resolved, That we, the volunteers of Boone County, tender to our friends and fellow- citizens of Columbia and its vicinity our grateful acknowledgments for the kind reception and generous welcome with which we have been met on our return home; the remembrance- of the toils and hardships which we have undergone, of the difficulties and dangers which we have encountered, are lost and forgotten, and we reap in the grateful affections of our fel- low-citizens an ample reward for all.
2. Resolved, Therefore, That we make a public manifestation of our gratitude by giving a public supper at Trumpler's Saloon on Thursday evening, the 19th instant; and as it would be almost impossible to give every one a private invitation, we resort to this public method, and would therefore respectfully solicit the attendance of our friends and fellow- citizens of Columbia and its vicinity, and especially the presence of the ladies.
Suitable and appropriate toasts will be prepared for the occasion.
Published by order of the Committee of Arrangements.
On motion, the meeting adjourned.
ODON GUITAR, Secretary.
ROBERT B. TODD, Chairman.
The biting sarcasm of these proceedings quickened the public appre- ciation of the gallant services of the "Boone Volunteers" in the "Army of the West," but as Capt. McMillan and a large number of his sol- diers did not return until September 22 (after an absence of about fourteen months ), nothing was done to testify the general gratitude and appreciation of the people. Three days after their return, how- ever (September 25), a public meeting was held in the court-house in Columbia -S. A. Young, chairman ; M. G. Singleton, secretary -at.
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