USA > Missouri > Buchanan County > St Joseph > History of Buchanan County and St. Joseph, Mo. : from the time of the Platte purchase to the end of the year 1915 biographical sketches of noted citizens, living and dead > Part 20
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"The two companies I saw were notoriously disloyal. They were in our city last election to guard the polls. I placed myself in a position to look every man in the face as they marched up the street. These were the first Secessionists I ever saw carrying arms under the authority of the government, and I gave them a close inspection. I am almost confident that there was not a loyal man in either company. I saw men who had belonged to Price's army- some were there in the rebel ranks at Lexington and Blue Mills who never joined the army. Some who have assisted in raising rebel flags. Some who had often cheered for Jeff Davis. Some who had acted as recruiting officers for Price's army, but who were too old to go themselves. Nearly all of them are notoriously disloyal and are enrolled as sympathizers on the provost marshal's book."
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This, of course, was an extreme view, particularly so in the light of what the late Judge Henry M. Vories said to the committee, among other things being the following :
"Those called Paw-Paws, in my part of the state, have behaved themselves very well; in fact, exceedingly well-as far as I either know or have been informed, and the county has been more quiet and seemed to be more secure since about the time of their organi- zation. But I do not attribute this change for the better so much to the change of the militia organization as to the fact that an election took place about the same time as their organization. My judgment is that a great deal of the trouble we had in our county last summer was caused by the excitement produced by politicians who were running for office, who were haranguing the soldiers and others, by which they were kept in a constant state of excitement, and that of these excitements quarrels arose, and that persons were embittered against each other so as to induce them to commit lawless acts. I think that after the election these acts of violence would, in a great measure, have ceased without any change in the militia. Yet I think that the late militia called the Paw-Paws have exerted them- selves to keep the peace of the county. I think they have been anxious to make a good character, knowing that they were charged with disloyalty ; at least, they have done well, and we have during this winter had more peace and quiet than we have had since the rebellion."
It is not the purpose of this history to sit in judgment upon the merits or demerits of the militia system, but as there is little known of the "Paw-Paws," it is thought proper to present the matter as gathered from official sources. The organization of the Eighty- first was as follows: John Scott, colonel; Charles West, adjutant. Company A, George J. Lucas, captain; D. L. Irvine, first lieuten- ant ; Thomas L. Crumpacker, second lieutenant. B, F. J. Stratton, captain; W. L. Hyatt, first lieutenant; T. J. Bracken, second lieu- tenant. C, Jacob B. Cox, captain; Cornelius Day, first lieutenant ; Robert B. Thomas, second lieutenant; D, Milton M. Clagget, cap- tain; Jacob T. Child, first lieutenant; Thomas C. Roberts, second lieutenant. E, Harrison W. Davis, captain; James Dye, first lieu- tenant; Joseph H. Dicken, second lieutenant. F, John A. Dolman, captain ; Robert S. Gunn, first lieutenant ; Henry T. Gore, second lieutenant. G, Anthony Grable, captain ; Daniel A. Meadows, first lieutenant; John T. Ferrill, second lieutenant. H, John W. Smith, captain ; William A. Cornelius, first lieutenant ; Thomas L. Blakely, second lieutenant. I, Miller Woodson, captain; Urial Griffen, first lieutenant; Jacob Schultz, second lieutenant. K, James H. Davis, captain ; William S. Tyler, first lieutenant ; H. B. Goss, second lieu- tenant. L, James Noland, captain; B. F. Catlett, first lieutenant ; D. C. Hart, second lieutenant. M, Milton R. Singleton, captain ; John L. Stanton, first lieutenant; Isaac Hays, second lieutenant. *
The Forty-third Infantry, Missouri Volunteers, was organized in St. Joseph in June of 1864, with Chester Harding as colonel,
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John Pinger as lieutenant-colonel, B. K. Davis as major, Joseph Thompson as adjutant, Francis Rodman as quartermaster and J. Q. Eggleston and E. W. Dill as surgeons. The regiment was on duty in this state during its term of service. Six companies partici- pated in the battle of Glasgow, October 15, 1864. In the spring of 1865 the whole regiment was assigned to the district of Central Missouri and was actively engaged keeping down bushwhackers, so long as its services were needed. The regiment was mustered out June 30, 1865, at Benton Barracks. The companies were organized as follows : A, Captain, Andrew Dusold; lieutenants, Augustus Saltzman and Horace Sayre. B, captain, John B. Edwards; lieu- tenants, Henderson Edwards and John P. Herren. C, George M. Brown, captain; A. M. Chesmore and A. J. Bulberson, lieutenants. D, Henry W. Ogle, captain; Walter C. Gantt, Richard Buis and Charles S. Pickett, lieutenants. E, Simeon Sutton, captain; Wil- liam Caneday and Daniel Boyce, lieutenants. F, William F. Flint, captain ; John W. Johnson and Thomas Flint, lieutenants. G, Oscar Kirkham, captain; Ebenezer Wickham and Griffith Davidson, lieu- tenants. H, Marcus Morton, captain; W. J. Porter and Elijah Brunck, lieutenants. I, George Walser, first captain; Robert B. Stockton, second captain; John S. Morgan and Austin F. Tiffany, lieutenants. K, Perry A. Wright, captain; Andrew J. Wray and Martin V. Baker, lieutenants.
In July of 1864 the Eighty-seventh Regiment of Enrolled Mis- souri Militia was organized in St. Joseph. This was a home guard regiment and was mustered out in March of 1865. Thomas Har- bine had been elected colonel, but declined. Robert C. Bradshaw was then elected and served until October. James W. Strong was promoted from lieutenant-colonel and O. G. McDonald was made lieutenant-colonel. The following were staff officers during the life of the regiment: William Drumhiller and Robert F. Maxwell, majors; Joseph Thompson and W. W. Bernard, adjutants; Joseph Schmitz and John B. Harder, quartermasters; Dr. John T. Berg- hoff, surgeon. Company A was Captain Kellogg's railroad guards, reorganized under Capt. Joseph Truex. Company B had been Cap- tain Landry's detached company, now under Capt. John A. Dolman, and when Captain Dolman was commissioned as aide-de-camp to General Hall he was succeeded by Robert S. Gunn, who had been first lieutenant. Other lieutenants were H. R. W. Hartwig, Henry T. Gore and H. H. Goodheart. C was captained at first by Hamil- ton S. Wilson, who was killed by bushwhackers and succeeded by Irvin Fish. These were lieutenants at various times: Francis Goodby, Irvin Fish, Amos K. Jones and Oscar Kirkham. D was captained by James C. Karnes, with Washington Bennett, E. Shoot- ner and John S. Smith as lieutenants. E was led by Capt. John Snyder, with Joseph Mathew and Thomas D. Ridge as lieutenants. F was under Capt. Louis Hax, with John Kieffer, Christian Mast, Ulrich Schneider and Louis Fuelling as lieutenants at various times. G was first captained by James W. Strong, then by Robert Maxwell, both of whom were sent to the head of the regiment, and last by
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David Pinger, whose lieutenants were Anson Whitney and Elisha Foote. H was officered by Peter A. Jones, captain, and Henry F. Goss and Wiley H. Chapman as lieutenants. This company was consolidated with C in October, 1864. I was organized by Capt. O. G. McDonald, who was afterward lieutenant-colonel. The next cap- tain was William H. Lifers, whose lieutenants were Charles C. Vance, George W. Howard and A. J. Culberson. K was organized. by Capt. George M. Brown, who was shortly afterward transferred to the Forty-third Infantry. He was succeeded by Edward L. Tit- comb, whose lieutenant was George Schuckman.
The Forty-fourth Infantry Missouri Volunteers was recruited in St. Joseph by Col. Robert C. Bradshaw and Lieut .- Col. A. J. Barr, in the month of August, 1864, and shipped on cars to Rolla. In November it arrived at Paducah, Ky., and was placed on active duty, though yet in a very raw condition. In the battle of Franklin Colonel Bradshaw was pierced by seven bullets, but not killed. Lieu- tenants Dunlap, Warren and Kirgan and thirty-five privates were killed in the first charge of the enemy, but the regiment held its position. The regiment fought continuously for three days and nights from November 29th, and during the last two days lost 300 men and officers. "On December, 15th 1864," says Lieutenant- Colonel Barr, in his report, "we were ordered to take a position on the right of Charlotte Pike and engaged the enemy, participated in the battle on the 15th, 16th and 17th insts., and then followed in the pursuit of Hood's demoralized army. On the 27th we reached Col- umbia, where we first met the enemy. On the 28th we reached Pulaski, with two-thirds of the command barefooted. In this condi- tion the regiment was compelled to march on the ice and snow to Clifton, sixty miles, where we arrived on the 23d of January, 1865 -men worn out and feet terribly mangled." The regiment also participated in the siege of Spanish Fort, Alabama, and went from there to Vicksburg and thence to St. Louis, where it was mustered out on August 15, 1865, after having traveled 5,703 miles, of which 743 was on foot, and after having been for one-third of its term of service under fire and in the midst of the carnage of battle."
The regiment was organized as follows. Robert C. Bradshaw, colonel ; A. J. Barr, lieutenant-colonel ; Roger A. De Bolt, major; Wm. Drumhiller, adjutant ; J. M. Hoskinson, quartermaster; Henry Schoenich, Levi A. Wilson and Isaac Schatz, surgeons. Hanson W. Ware succeeded Captain Drumhiller as adjutant.
The various companies were officered as follows during the life of the regiment: A, John C. Reid, captain ; James A. Trussell, Wm. D. Schooler, Francis Audsley, lieutenants. B, Wm. Drumhiller, captain ; John McKissock and Miles Bristow, lieutenants. C, Frank G. Hopkins, captain; Wm. M. Goodson and Thomas J. Twidell, lieu- tenants. D, Wm. B. Rogers, captain; Robert Pixler, Aaron Mc- Intosh and George H. Combs, lieutenants. E, Ephraim Webb, cap- tain; James S. Dunlap and J. C. Webb, lieutenants. E, Isaac M. Henry, captain; James M. Steele, W. C. Halstead, Benjamin Kir- gan, lieutenants. G, A. L. Bowen, captain ; John Desha and Wash-
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ington Bennett, lieutenants. H, Wm. D. Fortune, captain ; J. D. McBride, John H. Williams and J. D. Snyder, lieutenants. J, A. Muck, captain ; A. F. Higgins, Dennis Adams and D. W. McDonald, lieutenants. K, N. A. Winters, captain; James Overman and Sam- uel Worner, lieutenants.
A military organization which existed in St. Joseph during the war was Hartwig's Independent Company of Artillery, formed by Captain H. R. W. Hartwig in October of 1864. Captain Hartwig was commissioned by Governor Hall to form this company, the strength of which consisted of eighty-four men and four four- pound pieces. Joseph Andriano was first lieutenant, John Rip- linger, second lieutenant, and Charles Barrington orderly. The company was on duty in this section and in Platte County, and was mustered out at the close of the war.
Under Governor Fletcher three regiments of militia were or- ganized in October of 1865-the Second, Third and Fourth Regi- ments of Missouri Militia. Col. Wm. R. Penick commanded the Second regiment. He was appointed brigadier-general and placed in command of this district. Robert Gunn was lieutenant-colonel ; H. R. W. Hartwig, major; Dr. Wm. Bertram, Dr. John S. Logan and Dr. Harvey Bradley, surgeons. W. W. Bernard was captain of Company A and Henry Gore of Company B. David Pinger was captain of Company C, with A. V. Whiting and Elisha Foot, Jr., as lieutenants. Company D was commanded by Captain Greenfield H. Davis, who had Isaac Wilkins and Thomas Early for his lieuten- ants. Company E was commanded by Joseph Andriano, and Com- pany F by Wm. L. Chadwick, with L. L. Landon and George Hil- debrand as lieutenants. Company G was under Captain Joseph S. Browne, with George Buell and Wm. B. French as lieutenants. Company H was under Captain Phillip Arnholdt, with Theodore Kroll and A. Burgmeister as lieutenants. Company J was com- manded by M. Gordon Ruby, with Wm. M. Clark and John Stuppy as lieutenants.
Colonel Cyrus J. Missemer commanded the Third regiment. Wm. Randall was lieutenant-colonel, James M. Witt adjutant and James F. Bruner and G. M. Loomis surgeons. Company A was commanded by Irvin Fish; Company B by James G. Karnes, with Edvin A. Guinn as lieutenant; Company C by C. E. Cummings ; Company D by C. F. Schoeneck, with Benjamin F. Boyer and Wm. H. Boyer as lieutenants; Company F by N. R. Wakefield, with Henry Myers and L. J. Smith as lieutenants ; Company G by W. H. Slaybaugh, with J. S. Blankenship and B. F. Missemer as lieu- tenants.
The Fourth regiment had but five companies. It was com- manded by Major Joseph Thompson. Company A was commanded by R. J. S. Wise, with Thos. H. Ritchie and Fred Amerine as lieu- tenants. Company B was commanded by Simeon Bell. Company C was under Captain Augustus Salzman, with Theodore F. Gross
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and Charles Frederick as lieutenants. Company D was commanded by Wm. Drumhiller, with D. M. Stillians as lieutenant, and B. F. Larkin was captain of Company E, with William Arthur as lieu- tenant.
These regiments did service in enforcing order at the polls during the turbulent political times that followed the war. The test oath was particularly obnoxious, even to many who had been loyal, and politicians were not slow to grasp the advantages it afforded. The oath was as follows :
"I do on oath declare that I have not during the present rebel- lion wilfully taken up arms or levied war against the United States nor against the provisional government of the state of Missouri, nor have wilfully adhered to the enemies of either, domestic or foreign, by giving them aid and comfort, but have always in good faith op- posed the same; and, further, that I will support, protect and de- fend the constitution of the United States and of the state of Mis- souri against all enemies and opposers, whether foreign or domes- tic, any ordinance, order or resolution of any state convention or legislature, or of any order or organization, secret or otherwise, to the contrary notwithstanding, and that I do this with an honest purpose, pledge and determination faithfully to perform the same without any mental reservation or evasion whatsoever, so help me God."
This oath was proscriptive to many, and there was much bit- terness. There were those who had been in the service of the South, but who had surrendered and become loyal, those who had honestly sympathized with the lost cause, and those who had taken advan- tage of General Order No. 24 to escape service in the militia. Under this order anyone who declared that he sympathized with the South was exempt from military duty. When it came to voting after the war this declaration was held against them.
The supreme court of the United States set aside that part of the test oath which disfranchised so many men. However, the rul- ing politicians in Missouri did not give up so easily and the legisla- ture, in 1868, passed a very stringent registration law. The gov- ernor was given power to appoint three registrars in each county and a superintendent for each senatorial district. These four offi- cers were authorized to make a list of all the loyal voters in the county. They were forbidden to enroll any person who would not take the oath of loyalty, and besides were given the power to refuse to enroll any others than those they chose. No one was allowed to vote whose name was not enrolled by these registrars. This law, perhaps, disfranchised more voters than the original test oath. It opened anew the sore places that had begun to heal, and there are many instances where men have not forgiven each other yet, politi- cally speaking, for the trespasses committed under the license of this law. There was more or less turbulence until the constitution was amended in 1870 and these objectionable features eliminated.
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Following the dissolution of the Missouri Militia, interest in military matters waned until 1880. Meanwhile, however, there had existed during the Centennial year a company organized by Capt. Aug. Saltzman, called "Continental Rifles." They were dressed as Continental soldiers, in knee-breeches, etc., and wore wigs. In 1880 two battalions, one commanded by Major Joseph A. Hansen and the other by Major Condon. In 1882 the Fourth regiment, National Guard of Missouri, was organized, with Joseph Hansen as colonel, Joseph A. Corby as lieutenant-colonel, Augustus Saltzman as major, Capt. Charles F. Ernst as adjutant, Capt. John Wilson as quarter- master, Dr. Thos. H. Doyle as surgeon and Dr. J. A. French as assistant surgeon. Company A was commanded by Capt. Wm. Osborn, Company B by Capt. John Donovan, Company C by Capt. Dowe, Company D by Capt. Wm. Muehleisen and Company E by Capt. Hazlet. Companies F and G were located at Brookfield. Com- panies A, B and C were known as "Saxton Rifles," and Captain Muehleisen's company as "Turner Rifles," being made up mostly of members of the Turnverein. These companies were uniformed according to taste, the state providing arms only. After an exist- ence of several years the companies disbanded.
Subsequently there was little interest in militia matters until October, 1890, when Capt. Max Manheim organized the St. Joseph Light Guards. April 2, 1891, the Fourth regiment was reorganized, with Col. Arbuthnot of Brookfield as commanding officer and Capt. Manheim as lieutenant-colonel. A brigade encampment was held in August of that year at Lake Contrary. Subsequently Capt. Clay C. MacDonald organized Company K, known as the "Wickham Rifles." The name was afterward changed to "Macdonald Rifles." Company F existed until 1895 under various captains, and was disbanded.
Captain Manheim organized Company C in December, 1897. When President Mckinley called for volunteers to fight Spain, in April, 1898, the Fourth regiment, of which Joseph A. Corby was colonel, responded promptly, and two additional companies were at once formed in St. Joseph-I, by Capt. Charles F. Keller, and G by Capt. Jacob S. Casey. These companies left for Jefferson Bar- racks May 9th and 10th, 1898, and were mustered into the United States volunteer service. From Jefferson Barracks the Fourth regi- ment went to Falls Church, Va., into Camp Alger; from there into Camp Meade, at Middletown, Pa., and from there to Greenville, S. C. The regiment did not see service during the war. Each com- pany left St. Joseph with eighty-four enlisted men. Under the sec- ond call for volunteers the companies were recruited up to their full strength of 106 enlisted men. Captain Macdonald was advanced to major and Lieut. Niel T. Sommer was promoted to the command of Company K.
St. Joseph was represented in the Fourth regiment as follows : Colonel, Joseph A. Corby ; majors, Wm. E. Stringfellow, Wilson S. Hendricks and Clay C. Macdonald; adjutant, George L. Rollins; assistant surgeon, Wm. L. Whittington. Company K was organ- ized as follows: Niel T. Sommers, captain ; Charles E. Foster, first
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lieutenant ; John E. O'Donnell, second lieutenant. Company C was organized as follows: Max Manheim, captain; Frank R. Hinds, first lieutenant ; Atel H. Knutson, second lieutenant. Company I : Charles F. Keller, captain; Wm. H. Cocke, first lieutenant; Victor C. Sommer, second lieutenant. Company G: Jacob S. Casey, cap- tain ; John D. McNeeley, first lieutenant ; Mortimer P. Waldron, sec- ond lieutenant. Major Hendricks resigned at Camp Alger and Cap -. tain Manheim at Greenville.
The Fourth regiment was disbanded in 1900 and reorganized in 1901. It was officered as follows: William E. Stringfellow, colo- nel; Wilson S. Hendrick, lieutenant-colonel; Clay C. Macdonald, major 1st battalion ; John D. McNeely, major 2nd battalion; Dr. Daniel Morton, major and surgeon ; Dr. Daniel L. Humfreville, cap- tain and surgeon ; Dr. H. L. Walker, lieutenant and surgeon. Regi- mental headquarters were in St. Joseph, where all the above offi- cers reside. There were nine companies located in St. Joseph, Unionville, Tarkio, Kirksville, Trenton, Milan, Mexico, Jefferson City and Mound City. Company K, located in St. Joseph, was offi- cered by E. K. Stewart, captain; George Graha, first lieutenant ; Louis Browne, second lieutenant. The regiment was afterward disbanded.
James H. McCord, who has done much to promote the National Guard interests in Missouri, was for many years attached to the staff of Brigadier-General Clarke, as assistant inspector general with the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
CHAPTER XXI.
THE RAILROADS OF ST. JOSEPH-EARLY STRUGGLES OF RAILROAD PROJECTORS AND BUILDERS .- THE HAN- NIBAL & ST. JOSEPH, THE K. C., ST. J. & C. B., THE ST. JOSEPH & GRAND ISLAND, THE ST. JOSEPH & TO PEKA, THE SANTA FE SYSTEM, THE ROCK ISLAND THE ST. JOSEPH & DES MOINES, THE MISSOURI PA- CIFIC, THE CHICAGO GREAT WESTERN, THE UNION PACIFIC. - INTERURBANS. - THE BRIDGE. - UNION TERMINAL STATION .- TELEGRAPH LINES.
Agitation for railroad connection with Mississippi River points began in St. Joseph as early as 1846. One of the most ardent advo- cates of the then new mode of transportation was the late Judg. Birch of Clinton County, who was at that time stumping this dis trict as a candidate for congress. His opponent, the late Willar P. Hall, was not favorable, and after he had left the campaign t its fate and entered Doniphan's regiment to fight Mexico, he issue a circular letter warning the people not to be tricked by such im practicable things as railroads. Judging from the enthusiasm ard enterprise afterwards exhibited by this gentleman in the promotic and development of railroads, he atoned well for this error. A. there was no railroad west of Ohio in those days he may be easily pardoned.
Another enthusiast was Robert M. Stewart, then a lawyer at St. Joseph, who was afterwards governor of Missouri. He went actively to work, organized meetings, talked railroad, interested the people, and as a member of the state senate, aided by James Craig and Judge Gardenhire, who represented Buchanan County in the house, secured, in February of 1847, the passage of an act to incor. porate the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad Company.
The incorporators were Joseph Robidoux, John Corby an Robert J. Boyd, of St. Joseph; Samuel J. Harrison, Zachariah G Draper and Erasmus M. Moffett, of Hannibal; Alexander McMur try, Shelby County; George A. Shortridge and Thomas Sharp, ( Macon County; Wesley Halliburton, Linn County; John Grave: Livingston County; Robert Wilson, Daviess County; George W Smith, Caldwell County. The capital stock was two million dollar
A railroad convention was held at Chillicothe in June of 184 at which resolutions were adopted, recommending the following a. the best method to procure means for the construction of the Hanni bal & St. Joseph road : "(1) To appoint a committee of three mem. bers to draft an address in the name of this convention, to th people of Western Missouri, setting forth the advantages to k derived from the contemplated railroad from St. Joseph to Har nibal; (2) to appoint a committee of three, whose duty it shall 1
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to petition the legislature of Missouri for such aid in the undertak- ing as can be afforded consistently with the rights of other sections of the state; (3) to appoint a committee of three to petition Con- gress for a donation of alternate sections of land, within six miles on each side of said road, when located; (4) to appoint a commit- tee whose duty it shall be to superintend the publication and distri- bution of the proceedings of the convention, and the address to the people of Northern Missouri."
There was considerable enthusiasm among the people as the result of this convention, but material aid came slowly. A few dol- lars were raised in St. Joseph for a preliminary survey and a sur- veying corps was organized, with Simeon Kemper and James O'Donoghus as engineers in charge. Six months after their depar- ture from St. Joseph they returned and reported having found a practicable route for a railroad. A meeting of citizens was held, at which the two heroic surveyors made their report, and a ban- quet was spread in their honor. A subscription paper was circu- lated and enough money secured to purchase each of the engineers a handsome suit of clothes. This is all they received for their six months' work, except meager expenses and glory.
The first survey was completed to Hannibal on Christmas Day, 1850, by Simeon Kemper and James O'Donoghue. The two surveyors were accompanied by Colonel Robert M. Stewart, Colonel M. F. Tiernan and a newspaper correspondent from Baltimore named Brennan, besides some chainmen, etc. Later on the final surveys were made under charge of Colonels M. F. Tiernan and M. Jeff Thompson.
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