USA > Missouri > Livingston County > History of Caldwell and Livingston counties, Missouri, written and compiled from the most authentic official and private sources, including a history of their townships, towns and villages, together with a condensed history of Missouri; a reliable and detailed history of Caldwell and Livingston counties--their pioneer record, resources, biographical sketches of prominent citizens; general and local statistics of great value; incidents and reminiscences > Part 86
USA > Missouri > Caldwell County > History of Caldwell and Livingston counties, Missouri, written and compiled from the most authentic official and private sources, including a history of their townships, towns and villages, together with a condensed history of Missouri; a reliable and detailed history of Caldwell and Livingston counties--their pioneer record, resources, biographical sketches of prominent citizens; general and local statistics of great value; incidents and reminiscences > Part 86
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But the foregoing provisions in relation to acts done against the United States shall not apply to any person not a citizen thereof who shall have committed such acts while in the service of some
813
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
foreign country at war with the United States, and who has since such acts been naturalized, or may hereafter be naturalized under the laws of the United States; and the oath of loyalty hereinafter prescribed, when taken by any such person, shall be considered as taken in such sense.
The " oath of loyalty " to be taken pursuant to the foregoing sec- tion was as follows : -
I, A. B., do solemnly swear that I am well acquainted with the terms of the third section of the second article of the Constitution of the State of Missouri, adopted in the year 1865, and have carefully considered the same ; that I have never, directly or indirectly, done any of the acts in said section specified; that I have always been truly and loyally on the side of the United States, against all enemies thereof, foreign and domestic ; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States, and will support the Constitution and laws thereof as the supreme law of the land, any law or ordinance of any State to the contrary notwithstanding ; that I will, to the best of my ability, protect and defend the Union of the United States, and not allow the same to be broken up and dissolved, or the government thereof to be destroyed or overthrown, under any circumstances, if in my power to prevent it; that I will support the Constitution of the State of Missouri, and that I make this oath without any mental reservation or evasion, and hold it to be binding upon me.
The following are other choice extracts from article II. of the " Draconian Code," referring to the oath of loyalty : -
SEC. 9. No person shall assume the duties of any State, county. city, town, or other office, to which he may be appointed, otherwise than by a vote of the people ; nor shall any person, after the expira- tion of sixty days after this Constitution takes effect, be permitted te. practice as an attorney or counselor at law, nor, after that time, shall any person be competent as a bishop, priest, deacon, minister, elder, or other clergyman of any religious persuasion, seet, or denomination, to teach, or to preach, or solemnize marriages ; unless such person shall have first taken, subscribed and filed said oath.
SEC. 11. Every court in which any person shall be summoned to serve as grand or petit juror, shall require him, before he is sworn as a juror, to take said oath in open court; and no person refusing to take the same shall serve as a juror.
No wonder the ex-Confederates and those who sympathized with them hated intensely the Drake Constitution, and still retain vivid and bitter memories of the days when it was in force. Happily those days have passed, and with them nearly all of the bitterness and ani- mosities then engendered.
814
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
By another section of article II. every person holding any office of honor or trust or profit in this State, whether under the authority of this State or any municipal corporation, was required to take the oath within 60 days after the adoption of the Constitution.
May 15, 1866, a special election was held to consider the question, Shall Livingston county take stock in the Chillicothe and Brunswick Railroad? The vote resulted : Yes, 451 ; No, 536.
NOVEMBER ELECTION, 1866.
Congress - Ben. F. Loan, Rep., 687 ; G. A. Hawley, Dem., 486. State Senator - John H. Ellis, of Livingston, R., 683; Capt. R. B. Ballew, of Grundy, D., 487.
Representative - S. B. Deland, R., 684 ; John Stone, D., 492. Sheriff - Garrison Harker, R., 678; R. B. Williams, D., 492. Circuit Clerk-Z. N. Goldsby, R., 680 ; A. J. Swain, D., 492. County Clerk - John DeSha, R., 711 ; J. S. Wilson, D., 462.
Anthony Rogers and N. Matson were elected county judges ; J. A. Trumbo, treasurer ; John T. Moss, assessor ; W. Hildreth, superin- tendent of schools; J. W. Toppass, supervisor of registration. John H. Ellis was elected State Senator, carrying the district by 1,600 majority. Every county in the district was Republican, and owing to the disfranchisement of so many citizens, the vote was very small, comparatively. For purpose of comparison, the vote in this Senato- rial district at this election, is here given :-
Ellis,
Ballew,
Counties
Rep.
Dem.
Livingston
683
487
Grundy
840
114
Mercer
774
303
Carroll
671
459
Total
2,968
1,363.
THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1868.
This was the first Presidential election since the war, and although hundreds of men were disfranchised it was largely participated in by all classes. The Republicans, owing to the operation of the Drake Constitution, were largely in the majority, but the Democrats were zealous and plucky. The Democratic candidates were Horatio Sey- mour and Gen. Frank P. Blair, and the Republican nominees were Gen. U. S. Grant and Schuyler Colfax. The Democratic National Convention had resolved in favor of the payment of the 5-20 bonds of the Government in "lawful money," or greenbacks, and this
ยท
815
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
idea, called " the Pendleton plan," from its author, Hon. Geo. H. Pendleton, was combated by the Republicans.
The Republican candidate for Congress in this district was Hon. Joel F. Asper, of Chillicothe, who was elected ; his opponent was Hon. Mordecai Oliver, of St. Joseph. The gubernatorial candidates were Hon. Joseph W. McClurg, Republican, of Camden county, and Hon. John S. Phelps, Democrat, of Greene. The vote for leading candidates in Livingston was as follows ; Republicans in Italic, Dem- ocrats in Roman : -
TOWNSHIPS.
PRESIDENT.
GOVERNOR.
CONGRESSMAN.
Grant.
Seymour.
McClurg.
Phelps.
Asper.
Oliver.
Chillicothe.
417
358
404
377
379
385
Mooresville
45
55
45
55
42
55
Fairview.
77
27
76
28
68
32
Medicine.
34
39
34
39
32
41
Blue Mound.
79
42
76
44
70
49
Cream Ridge.
61
51
61
51
61
51
Grand River.
60
46
59
47
57
47
Greene
134
31
126
38
119
42
Wheeling
34
30
34
30
33
31
Monroe. .
64
24
64
26
61
28
Jackson.
122
85
121
85
114
89
Total.
1,127
788
1,100
820
1,036
850
On county officers the vote stood: -
Representative - R. S. Moore, R., 1,057 ; George A. Hawley, D., 813.
Sheriff- John P. Toppass, R., 1,010; Samuel L. Harris, D., 896.
County Judge - D. F. Rohrer, R., 1,083; Augustine Wiley, D. 806.
Other county officers elected were: J. A. Trumbo, treasurer; F. M. Hicks, supervisor of registration : J. D. Roberts, county superin- intendent; E. B. Park, surveyor ; H. M. Pollard, public administra- tor ; William S. Anderson, assessor ; Bluford West, coroner - all Republicans.
THE POLITICAL CANVASS AND ELECTION OF 1870.
No more exciting or important political contest ever came off in the county, not even in Presidential years, than that in 1870. The contest was between the regular Republicans or "Radicals " on the
816
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
one side and the Liberal Republicans and Democrats on the other, and this contest extended throughout the State.
The questions of universal amnesty and enfranchisement, of the repeal of the Missouri " iron-clad" oath for voters, jurors, minis- ters, lawyers, teachers, etc., were rapidly sowing the seeds of dis- cord and disintegration in the Republican party of the State, and dividing it into two wings, the Radicals and Liberals. The former, led by Charles D. Drake, maintained the extreme and harsh policy, and the latter, headed by B. Gratz Brown and Carl Schurz, contended for the more magnanimous policy in regard to those who, by word or deed, or both, had held complicity with the rebellion.
There was a growing sentiment among the people that the war was over; that the time for expurgatory oaths of all sorts had passed ; that taxation without representation was unjust; that since, by the adoption of the Fifteenth Amendment this year negroes who formerly were slaves, were allowed to vote, it was but equitable that their for- mer white masters should be given the same privilege; that public sentiment, inside and outside of the State, was making largely against the condition of things in Missouri, as illiberal, proscriptive, unjust and tyrannical, and that circumstances demanded a change.
Owing to the test oath prescribed by the Drake Constitution, and the very stringent registry laws passed to enforce it, the Democrats were in an almost hopeless minority at the polls, and therefore had little or no voice in the direction of public affairs. As was natural, few ex-Confederates or their sympathizers were Republicans ; their disfranchisement by the Republicans kept them from becoming voters, and embittered them, of course, against the authors of their condition. There being but two parties, they were forced, therefore, to sympathize with the Democrats, even had many of them not been at heart of that faith for years before the war.
Hoping to gain the ascendancy in the State by the acquisition of the disfranchised Confederates, rehabilitated with the elective franchise, through a repeal and destruction of the constitutional and legal barriers which interposed between them, the policy of the Demo- crats was first to divide and then to conquer the Republicans. To accomplish this, no way seemed so hopeful of favorable results as " the passive policy,"- or, as it was popularly called, " the 'possum policy,"-which signified the withdrawal of the Democratic party as an organization from the canvass of 1870, and the co-operation of its members individually with the Liberal Republicans as allies. It was apparent that, onee the disfranchising clanse of the Constitution should
817
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
be removed, the Democratic party would come speedily into power, and once in power and place, it would be secure in the possession thereof for an indefinite period, intrenched behind the huge majority it would have.
The Democratic State Central Committee, Hon. D. H. Armstrong, chairman, refused in March to call a State Convention, tacitly binding the party to the support of the Liberal Republican nominees, who- ever they should be. The counties were to be left to take care of themselves.
The Republican State Convention met August 31, and of course there was a split. The Liberals, headed by Carl Schurz, withdrew from the convention and organized another, nominating B. Gratz Brown for Governor and Col. J. J. Gravelly for Lieutenant-Governor, on a platform unequivocally in favor of the adoption of the amend- ments proposed to the Constitution by the previous Legislature, to be voted on at the coming election, and commonly called the suffrage and office-holding amendments. The Radicals nominated Joseph W. McClurg for re-election on a platform favoring " re-enfranchising those justly disfranchised for participation in the rebellion as soon as it can be done with safety to the State," and recognizing the right of any member of the party to vote thereon as he pleased. McClurg personally favored re-enfranchisement.
After an exciting canvass the Liberals and Democrats carried Livingston county for their combination ticket. The majority of the candidates on the county ticket were Liberal Republicans, the Demo- crats counting on future successes to make amends for their self-sacrifice. The vote was as follows : -
Governor - Brown, 1,410 ; McClurg, 1,111.
Congress - John H. Ellis, of Livingston, Lib. Rep., 1,363; I. C. Parker, Rad., 1,132.
Representative - Robt. S. Moore, Lib. Rep., 1,385; David Rath- bone, Rad., 1,132.
Sheriff - R. M. Graham, Lib. Dem., 1,252; J. W. Toppass, Rad., 1,227.
Circuit Clerk -Chas. R. Berry, Lib. Rep., 1,339 ; J. M. Alexander, Rad., 1,172.
County Clerk - W. H. Gaunt, Lib. Rep., 1,238 ; John DeSha, Rad., 1,233.
Common Pleas Judge- E. J. Marsh, Rad., 1,181; Frank Blenis, Lib. Rep., 1,329.
The vote on the most important Constitutional amendments resulted : for the 2d (abolishing the " oath of loyalty for jurors "), 2,430;
818
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
against, 67. For the 4th (abolishing test oath for voters ) 2,160; against, 328. For the 5th (removing certain disqualifications on account of 's race, color, or previous condition of servitude," and on account of " former acts of disloyalty" ) , 2,358; against, 114.
In the State the amendment carried by overwhelming majorities. Brown was elected over McClurg by a majority of 41,038. In this Congressional District, Isaac C. Parker, Radical, of Buchanan county, defeated Mr. Ellis, of this county, by a considerable vote.
THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1872.
As the political campaign of 1872 was the first in Missouri after the removal of the proscriptive clauses of the Drake Constitution, which left all voters free to vote that had ever been entitled to the privilege, there was great interest manifested. The nomination of Gen. Grant and Henry Wilson was acceptable to the great mass of the Republic- ans, and they were enthusiastic for them. The Liberal Republicans, at Cincinnati, in May, nominated for President, Horace Greeley, the veteran editor of the New York Tribune, a life-long enemy of the Democratic party, and perhaps its most caustic assailer.
Not all the Democrats could be induced to vote for Horace Greeley. His bitter denunciation of them and their party for years and years, in season and out of season, could not so soon be forgotten and so easily forgiven as that they could recognize him as a proper Democratic candidate for President. A great many voted for him, under protest ; many hurrahed for him faintly, and others tried to, but the " hurrah," like Macbeth's "amen," stuck in the throat, and never came out. Many Democrats would not go to the polls; some who did go voted only for county officers, while others voted the " straight " Democratic ticket, headed by Charles O'Conor for President and John Q. Adams, Jr., for Vice-President.
For Congress in this district the Democratic candidate was Hon. Chas. H. Mansur, of Livingston, and the Republican nomince was Hon. Ira B. Hyde, of Mercer.' Following was the vote in this county - Democrats being named first : -
President - Greeley, 1,745 ; Grant, 1,571; O'Conor, 14. Governor - Silas Woodson, 1,757; John B. Henderson, 1,600.
State Senator - E. J. Broaddus, 1,838 ; M. T. C. Williams, of Car- roll, 1,516.1
1 The total vote for State Senator in the district was: For Williams, 5,626; Broad- dus, 4,936.
819
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
Representative - J. E. Cadle, 1,751 ; Judson E. Cole, 1,599. Sheriff - Sam'l L. Harris, 1,824 ; John W. Toppass, 1,536.
Hyde was elected to Congress, the district being largely Republican at the time.
ELECTION APRIL 29, 1873.
A special election to choose a county court - which was to be com- posed of five judges, one at large and four district judges - was held April 29, 1873, with the following result ( Democratie candidates named first ) : -
At Large - R. B. Williams, 1,007 ; J. E. Terwilliger, 766.
First District, Chillicothe Township -James Graham, 371; Wm. Knouse, 68.
Second District, Mooresville and Jackson Townships - Adam Black, 202; John Hudgins, 165; both candidates were Democrats at the time.
Third District, Medicine, Cream Ridge, Rich Hill, Wheeling and Grand River Townships - Augustine Wiley, 223; Jacob Iberg, 225.
THE " TADPOLE " CAMPAIGN.
During the political canvass of 1874 the opposition to the Demoera- tic party in Missouri took on the name of "People's party," or " Reform party," but was termed by the Democrats " The Tadpole party," because some of the members, the Democracy said, were old Democrats who were gradually changing to Republicans, as a tadpole changes to a frog. The " People's party," whose leading champion was Carl Schurz at its State Convention, composed chiefly of Republic- ans, and held at Jefferson City September 3d, nominated a full State ticket, headed by Hon. Wm. Gentry, of Pettis county, for Governor, and Hon. S. W. Headlee, of Greene, for Lieutenant-Governor.
The Democratic Convention, August 26th, nominated Charles H. Hardin, of Audrain, and Col. Norman J. Colman, of St. Louis, for Governor and Lieutenant-Governor. Full tickets of both parties were in the field in this county on both sides, and Judge R. A. DeBolt, of Grundy was the Democratic candidate for Congress against Ira B. Hyde.
In Livingston the county ticket in opposition to the Democratic candidates was made up of former straight-out Democrats and Repub- licans in about equal numbers, and each candidate was called a " Tad- pole " Democrat or Republican, according to his former party
820
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
affiliations. The vote in Livingston resulted as follows ( Democratic candidates named first ) : -
Governor -Hardin, 1,599; Gentry, 1,256.
Congress -DeBolt, 1,530 ; Hyde, 1,258.
Circuit Judge - E. J. Broaddus, Dem., 1,715; L. H. Waters, Tad .- Rep., 898; Jonas J. Clark, Ind., 253.
Representative - H. C. Ireland, 1,641 ; H. B. Saylor, Tad .- Rep., 1,148.
Sheriff -S. L. Harris, 1,905 ; E. A. Packer, Tad .- Rep., 900.
Circuit Clerk - James Wright, 1,830 ; D. J. M. Roe, Tad .- Rep., 1,035.
County Clerk - J. R. Middleton, 1,554; A. W. Walker, Tad .- Dem., 1,302.
Treasurer and Collector - J. C. Minteer, 1,755 ; H. J. Hammond, Tad .- Dem., 1,094.
SPECIAL ELECTIONS IN 1875.
January 26 two delegates were chosen from this district to the Constitutional Convention which prepared the present Constitution of the State. The Democratic candidates, Cols. John H. Shanklin and John B. Hale, were elected over the Republicans, Capt. W. N. Nor- ville and Aug. K. Sykes. Following was the vote in the county and district : -
Candidates.
In Livingston County.
In District.
J. H. Shanklin, D.
750
2,896
John B. Hale, D.
839
2,917
W. N. Norville, R.
534
1,806
A. K. Sykes, R.
436
1,857
The vote on the adoption of the Constitution, October 30, in this county was: For, 788; against, 113. In the State: For, 91,205; against, 14,517.
At a special election held April 6, to consider the question of restraining sheep and swine from running at large, the vote resulted : For restraining, 608 ; against, 998.
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, 1876.
The Presidential election of 1876 engaged considerable attention in this county. The leading candidates were Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas A. Hendricks for President and Vice-President, John S. Phelps for Governor, and R. A. DeBolt, of Grundy, for Congress, on the part of the Democrats, and R. B. Haves and W. A. Wheeler com- posing the Presidential ticket, Gustavus A. Finkelnburg for Governor, and Henry M. Pollard, of this county, for Congress, on the part of
821
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
the Republicans. The Greenbackers, for the first time, had a ticket in the field headed by Peter Cooper and Samuel F. Cary, for Presi- dent and Vice-President ; Jesse P. Alexander for Governor, and F. H. Smith, for Congress. Following was the vote in Livingston : -
PRESIDENT.1
GOVERNOR.
CONGRESSMAN.
TOWNSHIPS.
Tilden.
Hayes.
Cooper.
Phelps.
Finkelnburg.
Alexander.
De Bolt.
Pollard.
Smith, G.
Grand River
170
100
24
166
100
23
166
98
23
Fairview
58
135
34
58
137
33
63
147
27
Blue Mound
95
157
4
94
159
3
93
159
3
Monroe
47
99
18
48
99
18
47
98
8
Wheeling
74
94
7
74
93
7
72
97
3
Chillicothe
609
476
24
603
483
21
603
480
10
Greene
67
162
1
61
170
66
163
Mooresville
131
52
13
132
55
9
137
47
10
Medicine
64
44
16
66
44
14
66
42
15
Cream Ridge
129
78
4
130
79
3
130
78
3
Rich Hill
138
67
?
138
67
2
133
72
2
Sampsel
159
58
...
158
59
149
149
64
Jackson
203
94
3
271
95
3
269
97
Total
2,014
1,616
150
1,999
1,640
136
1,993
1,642
114
State Senator - G. W. Newman, Dem., 2,013 ; A. H. Burkholder, Rep., 1,582; J. W. Greene, G., 158. In the district the vote was : Burkholder, 6,819; Newman, 6,519; Greene, 177.
Representative - H. C. Ireland, D., 1,844; Jacob Iberg, R., 1,621 ; John W. Donovan, G., 152.
Sheriff - M. H. Smith, Jr. D., 1,976; J. W. Toppass, R., 1,655 : Isaac Leeper, G., 120.
Treasurer - J. C. Minteer, D., 2,035; Geo. F. Smith, R., 1,581; R. C. Rynex, Gr., 153.
C. H. Mansur was chosen prosecuting attorney ; Peter Markey, surveyor ; George P. Pepper, coroner.
1878.
The political contest in 1878 in Missouri and in this Congressional district was triangular, or three-sided. There were three tickets in the field, Democratic, Republican and Greenback. The latter party made its first appearance in the field as a distinct political organiza-
1 The " American Reform Ticket," with Walker and Kirkpatrick as candidates, re- ceived 13 votes in Fairview, 1 in Chillicothe, and 1 in Wheeling.
.
822
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
tion in 1876, and that year east 150 votes in Livingston county. In 1878 it more than quadrupled this number, and was still rising. It was able to dietate terms to the Republicans and did so, forming a fusion ticket in opposition to that nominated by the Democrats.
The Congressional contest was peculiar. This district was then anti-Democratic, and if all the elements opposed to the Democratic party could be united in the support of a candidate, his election would be certain. The Greenbackers nominated the Hon. E. J. Broaddus, of this county, confidently anticipating his indorsement by the Republicans, whose motto seemed to be, " anything to beat the Democrats." But Judge Broaddus had formerly been an active Dem- ocrat, and many Republicans were opposed to him and declared that they had no choice between Democrats, and rather than contribute to his election would vote for a straight Republican, and let the resuts be as they might.
A majority of the Republicans, however, favored a quasi-indorse- ment of Broaddus, by nominating no candidate of their own, citing his high character as a citizen and a man, his ability and learning in the law, and his admitted qualifications as considerations commending him to the support of all good citizens. Matters were looking well for the success of the Greenback candidate, when certain shrewd and wily Democratic politicians in the district concocted a scheme for his defeat and successfully carried it out and elected their own can- didate.
It is said that the first steps in this scheme were taken by certain Democrats in Chariton county, who, by the use of money and other means, procured as delegates to the Republican Congressional con- vention at Brookfield, certain men who were opposed to supporting Judge Broaddus and in favor of nominating a straight-out Repub- lican. Enough of this kind of Republicans were procured throughout the district as delegates to the convention to capture it and control it, and the result was the nomination of a straight Republican can- didate in the person of Hon. H. M. Pollard, of this county, the then Representative from this district.
Having their enemies divided, there was nothing left for the Demo- crats, in order to achieve a victory, but to stand by their nominee, Hon. G. F. Rothwell, of Randolph. They did so, and he was elected, receiving a pluralty over Mr. Pollard.1 In this county the vote re- sulted as follows : -
1 Vote in the district : - Rothwell, 14,793; Pollard, 10,875; Broaddus, 5,682.
823
HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY.
Supreme Judge -E. H. Norton, D., 1,631 ; A. L. Gilstrap, G., 1,499 ; A. F. Denny, R., 650.
Congress - Rothwell, D., 1,559 ; Broaddus, G., 1,488 ; Pollard, R., 746.
In Livingston county the Greenbackers and Republicans united on the county ticket against the Democrats, and were generally success- ful. Following was the vote. Democratic candidates are first named :-
Representative - M. L. Smith, 1,667; Abel S. Cloud, 2,041.
Circuit Clerk - James Wright, 1,905 ; R. A. Spears, 1,822.
County Clerk -J. R. Middleton, 1,894 ; J. M. Hale, 1,843. Recorder - B. B. Smith, 1,749 ; Willard Hawkins, 1,966.
Collector -J. C. Minteer, 1,964 ; J. B. Kirk, 1,647.
Sheriff -M. H. Smith, 1,848 ; Isaac Leeper, 1,899.
Treasurer - Jas. W. Glenn, 1,782 ; J. W. Green, 1,935.
Probate Judge - Sam'l W. McDowell, 1,827; J. L. Johnson, 1,867.
Prosecuting Attorney - B. B. Gill, 1,670 ; J. M. Davis, 2,039.
Public Administrator - W. H. H. Baxter, 1,692; James May, 2,016.
Coroner- T. W. McArthur, 205; David Gordon, 2,032.
Assessor -T. B. Brookshier, 1,714; W. M. Hudgins, 2,013.
County Judge at Large - R. B. Williams, 1,746; W. G. Davis, 1,946.
County Judge, 1st District -J. R. Houx, 901 ; J. W. Donovan, 1,156.
County Judge, 2d District -Arch. Thompson, 822 ; Chas. McAlear, 819.
1880.
In 1880, a Presidential year, the leading candidates of the National Greenback party, Weaver and Chambers, received more votes in Liv- ingston county than did those of the Republicans, Garfield and Arthur, although the Greenback plurality was not so large as it had been in 1878. Livingston was the banner Greenback county of the State, and the party in the district was strong, sanguine and aggres- sive. The Republicans were content to become its allies and sup- ported its candidate for Congress, Joseph H. Burrows, of Mercer, and in this circuit its candidate for judge, Hon. J. M. Davis, of Livings- ton, and both were elected. In the county the Greenback-Republican fusion ticket was successful.
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