USA > Missouri > Clay County > History of Clay County, Missouri > Part 5
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"When the two Indians were running into the cabin, William McElwee and his sister, Sarah, both attempted to run out. Miss McElwee got safely away, but one of the Indians struck at William with a tomahawk. Young McElwee threw up his arm to protect his head from the blow, but the weapon descending, cut off one of his fingers. This was all the injuries the whites received, though some of them heard bullets whiz uncomfortably close to their ears."
"It is believed that this is the first time the details of this incident have been published, and that this account is the only correct one ever given to the public. It has been derived from the statements of Mrs. Margaret Howdeshell, a daughter of David McElwee, and a sister of Sarah, William and James McElwee. She was living (1885), in Fishing River Township, and through her son Samuel, the facts above set forth have been learned.
Smith's sketch in a county Atlas refers to this incident as having occurred in 1820, and calls it "a skirmish which occurred that year in the eastern part of the county, and in which seven Indians were killed." Mr. D. C. Allen, author of the valuable and well written article on Clay
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
County, in Campbell's Gazetteer (1875), thus describes it: "In a skirm- ish in the southeastern part of the county, in 1820, seven Indians were killed; another about the same time had his hand cut off in attempting to burst open the door of David McElwee's house."
The reader will see that both Mr. Smith and Mr. Allen were misin- formed in regard to facts in the case. Mr. Allen's informants caused him to believe that not only were "seven" Indians killed in the "skirmish," but another row occurred in the same locality in which an Indian had his hand cut off, etc. The old settlers got the story mixed. It was Wil- liam McElwee's finger which was cut off by an Indian, and this occurred in the only "skirmish" ever had with the savages in this county; and moreover only two or possibly three Indians were slain, not "seven." There were only seven Indians in the party.
In 1852, what is known as the Black Hawk War broke out in Wiscon- sin, and extended down into Illinois, between the whites and the Sacs, Foxes and Winnebago Indians, and it is believed that anmity extended to Mexico among all tribes, and that the war having broken out in Wis- consin, there would soon be an uprising of Indians against the whites, from the Great Lakes to Mexico. So great was this apprehension among the people of Missouri, especially the settlers in the northern part of the state, that the Governor of the state, John Miller, early adopted precau- tionary measures. On the 25th day of May, 1832, he ordered Maj. Gen. Richard Gentry, to raise, without delay, one thousand volunteers for the defense of the frontiers of the State, to be in readiness to start at a moment's warning. Other militia was organized; two companies in Clay County, commanded by Capts. George Wallis and Smith Crawford, took the field. This battalion was under the command of Col. Shubael Allen, who marched northeast into the Upper Grand River country, scouting that region thoroughly. From Grand river the battalion moved westward to the boundary line, thence down the line to near Smithville, and came back by way of that town to Liberty, which they reached after an absence of thirty-two days. Not an Indian on the war path was seen, nor was even a friendly Indian encountered on the entire march. Thus ended, so far as Clay County is concerned, the Black Hawk War.
In the summer of 1836, an equally bloodless war occurred, so far as the soldiers of Clay County were concerned, known as the "Hetherly War." An old disreputable man named Hetherly had a family consist-
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
ing of his wife, four sons, and a daughter. The old man and the sons were noted as horse thieves, and the old woman and the daughter, equally well known as common strumpets, located a home in the northern part of Carroll County, then known as the Upper Grand River country. Their house was a rendezvous of lawless characters. In the month of June, 1836, a hunting party of Iowa Indians, from southern Iowa, came down the east fork of Grand River on a hunting expedition. As soon as the Hetherlys received information of the Indians' camping ground, they resolved to steal their horses, and carry them down the river to some of the lower counties, and there sell them. The Hetherlys took with them on this visit to the Indian camp, James Dunbar, Alfred Hawkins, and a man named Taylor, men of unsavory reputations for honesty, and who were equally bent on stealing as the Hetherlys. They were in luck, for after securing a number of ponies, escaped, taking them to the forks of Grand River, where they were overtaken by the Indians who opened fire on the theives, killing one of their number, putting to flight the thieves, and recovering their ponies. The thieves determined to go to the settlements, and report an uprising of the Indians against the whites, and as evidence of the fact, they stated the loss of one of their number. The news was at first believed and there was intense excitement through- out the country. A part of the story-that the Indians were in the country-was well known to be true, and the rest was readily believed. The general commanding the militia forces in the eastern part of the state was Gen. B. M. Thompson, of Ray County, who ordered out several companies, among them two companies from Clay County, commanded by Capts. Wallis and Crawford, the same officers who led the Clay militia in the Black Hawk War. This battalion was commanded by Col. Shubael Allen. After marching to Grand River, camping on its banks, General Thompson having investigated and ascertained that there were no hos- tile Indians in the state, ordered the troops to their respective homes. So ended the second bloodless war, so far as Clay County was directly con- cerned.
In a short time it became known that the Hetherlys had committed the depredations and crimes against the Indians. Indictments were found against all the Hetherlys, and a separate indictment against Alfred Hawkins, another of the thieves, in the Circuit Court of Carroll County. The sheriff of Carroll County, with the aid of a large posse, arrested the
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
indicted parties, and incarcerated them in the jail of Ray county. Octo- ber 27, 1836, in obedience to a habeas corpus, issued by the judge of the Circuit Court, John F. Ryland, in vacation, the sheriff of Ray County, brought into the Circuit Court, at Carrollton, the prisoners, all charged with the murder of one James Dunbar. They were not released, but re- turned to the custody of the sheriff John Hetherly, on the 7th day of March, 1857, were tried and acquitted of the charge. There being no sufficient jail in Carroll County, all the Hetherlys were sent to the La- fayette county jail, and Hawkins to the jail of Chariton County, for safekeeping.
It was evident to the circuit attorney, that unless some one or more of the criminals would testify against the defendants, no conviction could be obtained. This officer entered a nolle prosequi against the Hetherlys, and being discharged, by the court, Hawkins was placed on trial. Being ably defended, and the jury from the evidence adduced believing that the Hetherlys were the more guilty parties, failed to return a verdict of guilty, and the jury was discharged. Subsequently, at the November term of the court, Hawkins was again tried, found guilty, and sentenced to death. The sentence afterwards was commuted to twenty years in the penitentiary, where he died after serving about two years. From this time nothing is known of the Hetherlys.
CHAPTER V.
MEXICAN WAR.
DECLARATION OF WAR-PRESIDENT CALLS FOR 50,000 VOLUNTEERS PLAN OF CAMPAIGN-MISSOURI REGIMENT-COMPANY C FROM CLAY COUNTY-ROSTER -FACTS ABOUT SOME OF THE OFFICERS AND MEN-COLONEL DONIPHAN IN COMMAND-OTHER OFFICERS-DONIPHAN'S EXPEDITION-MUSTERED OUT OF SERVICE-NECROLOGY-HOME COMING RECEPTION-POLITICAL EFFECT.
The annexation of Texas was the alleged cause of the declaration of war by Mexico against the United States in April, 1846, and a counter declaration by Congress was made, that "a state of war exists between the United States and Mexico." There was a strip of disputed territory lying between the Nueces and Rio Grande rivers, in Texas; the United States troops occupied this territory, when the Mexicans crossed the Rio Grande, with a large army, under command of two able generals, Am- pudia and Arista. General Taylor had defeated these troops in their attack on the American forces at Palo Alto on the 8th of May, and at Resaca de la Palma, the day following, and these defeats were accom- plished with great slaughter of Mexicans. The United States Congress, in April, 1846, had passed an act authorizing the President to call into the war with Mexico 50,000 troops. The general commanding the Ameri- can forces determined to attack Mexico at three different places; but changed his plans so that Major-General Scott, with a well appointed force, was sent to Vera Cruz; General Wood was ordered to effect a junction with General Taylor at Saltillo, and Gen. Kearney was ordered to divide his troops into three separate commands; the first to lead in person to the shores of the Pacific. A body of troops of about 1,000 Mis-
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20
SOME MEMBERS OF THE FIRST REGIMENT MO. VOLUNTEERS, MEXICAN WAR. UNDER COMMAND OF COL. A. W. DONIPHAN
1-Col. Alexander W. Doniphan: 2-O. P. Moss, Captain: 3 L. B. Sublett, Ist Lieut .: 4 Jas. H. Moss, 2nd Lieut .; 5 -Thos. MeCarty. 1st Sergt .: 6 -A. K. MeClintock. 2nd Sergt .: 7-Geo. H. Wallace, Corporal: S-John Warren: 9 W. H. Pence: 10 W. C. Campbell; 11 Joshua B. Tillery; 12 John S. Story: 13- John Neal: 14 -- J. J. Moore: 15- Eli Murray: 16 John Shonse: 17-Josiah Pence; 18 R. T. Stevenson: 19 A. K. Smith; 20 Newton A. Jacobs: 21 -Richard A. Neeley; 22-W. W. Drew: 23-J. K. Rollins: 24 Peter Pixley: 25 Jno. S. Groom: 26-R. W. Fleming: 27. G. W. Bell; 28- Dewilton W. Mosby.
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
souri volunteers, under the command of Col. A. W. Doniphan, was ordered to make an invasion of the State of Chihuahua, with the expectation of joining General Wood at the capital; while the greater number of soldiers were to be left as a garrison at Santa Fe, under the command of Gen. Sterling Price. The original plan of operations against Mexico was as follows: A southern wing of the army or the "Army of Occupation," commanded by Major-General Taylor, was to strike directly into the heart of Mexico; a column under Brigadier-General Wood, or the "Army of the Center," to operate against the City of Chihuahua, and a command under Colonel Kearny, afterwards general, known as the "Army of the West," to march upon the city of Santa Fe.
The call of the President for 50,000 volunteers was promptly re- sponded to; but only about 17,000 were required to enter Mexico. The rank and file of these three divisions of a small army, consisted mainly of young volunteers, chiefly sons of men living south of Mason and Dix- on's Line; sons of men whose lineage could be traced to forefathers in Old Virginia. The assertion is made that in that army of invasion in Mexico there was more military genius, in embryo, which afterward de- veloped into national reputations, and world renown, than any army, great or small, ever marshalled on the earth. Xerxes and his army of a million of men, no doubt developed many masterly soldiers. Napoleon with all his troops, and the combined armies of Europe, in the latter part of the eighteenth, and first decade of the nineteenth century, never pro- duced as many masterful and able generals as commanded the forces of the Federal and Confederate armies, during the war between the states, nearly all of whom served as soldiers in the war with Mexico.
President Polk called on Governor Edwards, of this state, for a regiment of volunteers to join General Kearney's "Army of the West," then being organized at Fort Leavenworth. Governor Edwards called for a regiment of mounted volunteers, to which there was a prompt re- sponse, Clay County furnishing one company
Company C, Clay County.
Captain Oliver P. Moss's Company C, First Regiment, Missouri Mounted Volunteers, Mexican War.
Muster-in Roll, dated June 7, 1846.
This company came from Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, distant
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
from Fort Leavenworth fifty-two miles. Roll signed by O. P. Moss, Captain. The following certificates appears on the roll:
I certify that the above is a true copy of the Muster Roll of this Company as mustered by Captain Allen, First Dragoons, June 7, 1846, except English W. Burton and Balor Jacobs, who were mustered into service by Captain McKissick, Q. M. Dept., June 25, 1846.
(Signed) O. P. MOSS. Captain Commanding Company.
Muster roll, June 7, 1846, to June 21, 1847, shows company at New Orleans, La.
This company left Liberty, June 4, 1846, and marched to Fort Leav- enworth, arriving there June 6, two days following. The company was discharged from further service, at New Orleans, La., June 21, 1847, by Samuel Churchill, Inspector General, Mustering Officer.
1. O. P. Moss Captain
1. L. B. Sublette 1st Lieut.
1. James H. Moss 2nd Lieut.
2. Henry T. Ogden 2nd Lieut. 12. Crapster, Edmond W. Private
1. James H. Long 1st Sergt.
2. Thomas McCarty Sergt.
3. William Wallace Sergt.
4. A. K. McClintock Sergt.
1. William C. Skaggs Corp.
2. George H. Wallis Corp.
3. John S. Groom Corp.
4. Benjamin W. Marsh Corp.
1. Abraham Estes Bugler
1. James T. Barnes Farrier
1. Ammons, Henry B. Private
2. Briscoe, John Private
3. Boale, William Private
4. Burns, James Private
5. Roll, George W. Private
6. Burton F. W. Private
7. Cooper, James P. Private
8. Cummins, Smith Private
9. Crowley, George W. _ Private
10. Christy, John G. Private
11. Chorn, James Private
13. Campbell, William C ._ Private
14. Chaney, Hiram Private
15. Carpenter, Noah P. Private 16. Clayton, Simon II. Private
17. Drew, Washington Private
18. Darneal, James H. Private
19. Duncan, Theodore Private
20. Dungan, Matthew Private 21. Everett, Benjamin R. Private 22. Ellis, Henry Private
23. English, H. W. Private
24. Faubion, Spencer
Private
25. Franklin, Levi Private
26. Franklin, William R. _ Private
27. Fielding. Thomas I. Private
28. Fleming, Robert W. Private
29 Fleming. George Private
30. Gunter, William C .. _ Private
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
31. Green, Hiram
Private
68. Rudd, O. F.
Private
32. Human, Charles
Private
69. Shearer, Robert
Private
33. Holt, John D.
Private
70. Shouse, John W.
Private
34. Hughes, Francis C.
Private
71. Sullivan, Obadiah Private
72. Story, John S. Private
36. Hall, Alexander
Private
37. Hall, Willard P.
Private
38. Jacobs, Newton
Private
39. Jacobs, Baylor Private
40. Job, Andrew Private
41. Letchworth, Joseph M. Private
42. Lard, William T. Private
43. Lamar, James
Private
45. Long, Richardson
Private
46. McNeese, Solomon Private
47. McQuiddy. Albert Private
48. Martin, Wesley
Private
49. Murray, Eli Private
50. Mosby, Dewilton
Private
51. McGee, James
Private
52. Miller, Abrahamı Private
53. Moore, J. J. Private
54. Nealey, Richard A. Private
55. Nash, John
Private
56. Neale, John
Private
57. Owens, Edward P. Private
58. Price, Jesse I.
Private
59. Ponce. Josiah Private
60. Ponce, William H. Private
61. Pixlre. Peter C. Private 62. Patterson, William C. Private 63. Pendleton. William Private
Cox, Russell R.
Private
Renthal, Parker
Private
Morton, James T.
Private
Ogden, Henry T.
Private
Patterson, William C. Private
Ruff, C. E.
Private
67. Ringo, Martin Private
73. Sites, James R. Private
74. Scott, Alexander C. _ Private
75. Sanders, James
Private
76. Stephenson, Robert T. Private
77. Sanderson Joseplı Private
78. Smith, Joseph A. Private
79. Samuel, Chilton B. Private
80. Snowdon, W. P. A. Private
81. Tillery, Joshua B.
Private
44. Long, Sonthey
Private
82. Tillery, Henry Private
83. Tracy, Andrew W. Private
84. Thompson, William A. Private 85. Waller, Thomas Private 86. Walls, William Private
87. Warren, Hardin Private
88. Warren, John Private
89. Wood, Gideon Private
90. York, James N.
Private
91. York, John
Private
Coe, Allen Private
Duncan, William Private
Finley, James M.
Private
Hall, James
Private
Lard, John D.
Private
Wills, James A.
Private
61. Pendergrass Nimrod
Private
65. Rollins, John K.
Private
66. Ru sell, William H. Privato
Doniphan, A. W.
Private
35. Hughes, John T.
Private
108
HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
The following concerning nearly one-half of the above roster, was furnished William E. Connelly, author of "Doniphan's Expedition and the Conquest of New Mexico and California," a most estimable work, by the late John S. Story, of whom praiseworthy mention has been made in another part of this volume.
Henry T. Ogden, second lieutenant. A man of wonderful energy; full of life; nervous; had to be doing something; always playing pranks. Came to Clay County before the Mexican War; as a joke pretended for a day or two to be deaf and dumb; a bright man, and well educated; could quote from Shakespeare by the hour; often harangued the troops in a humorous vein; a favorite of officers and men; was a lawyer; lives now in Cincinnati, Ohio.
No. 1. From one of the Carolinas; a tailor.
No. 3. A Virginian; farmer; killed two deer at one shot in the north part of Clay County.
No. 4. Irishman; died in Clay County.
No. 5. Kentuckian; born in Mason County.
No. 8. Kentuckian; farmer; died in Arkansas.
No. 10. Merchant in Liberty; went to St. Louis; killed in south- ern Missouri in the Civil War.
No. 11. Virginian; farmer.
No. 13. Raised in Clay County ; married a Miss Evans, whose father owned 240 acres of land, now in the heart of Kansas City.
No. 14. Virginian; raised in Clay County.
No. 15. From Woodford County, Kentucky; John T. Hughes mar- ried his sister.
No. 18. Kentuckian ; cousin of the wife of John T. Hughes and Noah Carpenter.
No. 19. Reared in Clay County ; brother to No. 20.
No. 20. Reared in Clay County.
No. 21. Reared in Clay county ; family came to Missouri; his father was a minister (Disciple or Christian) ; Everett was a devout Christian, and carried his religion clear through the term of his service; did not backslide, and had the respect of all the soldiers; read the Bible con- stantly.
No. 22. Died in Clinton County.
No. 23. Went to Congress from Nebraska.
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
No. 24. From Tennessee; died in Clay County.
No. 36. Father a Kentuckian; went to California in 1849; became reckless there; killed three men; was killed; no relation to Willard P. Hall.
No. 38. Lived in Ray County.
No. 39. Brother of No. 38; lived in Ray County.
No. 41. Father a Kentuckian.
No. 45. A Kentuckian; cousin to the other Longs.
No. 47. Father from Woodford County; died two months after he got home from the army.
No. 49. A Kentuckian.
No. 50. Father a Kentuckian.
No. 52. Tennesseean.
No. 53. Tennesseean.
No. 54. Tennesseean.
No. 58. Son of Ebenezer Price, of Clay County; cousin to John T. Hughes; his uncle was a candidate for colonel against Doniphan.
No. 59. Kentuckian; married a daughter of Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky.
No. 60. Kentuckian; lives on a farm near Kearney, Clay County, now, 1906.
No. 61. Kentuckian.
No. 66. Kentuckian.
No. 70. Kentuckian.
No. 71. Kentuckian; had been five years in regular army; knew how to forage for food; would aid his starving comrades to steal food from the commissary with great pleasure.
No. 74. Kentuckian; big man; was called "Frosty" White, because he was old and his hair and beard were white.
No. 76. Living yet in Clay County.
No. 81. Kentuckian.
No. 82. Kentuckian; brother to 81.
No. 84. Tennesseean.
No. 85. Kentuckian.
No. 90. New Yorker.
William Wallace, sergeant, and George H. Wallace, corporal, were brothers; sons of a noted character, who was an Indian fighter and freighter across the plains.
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
John S. Groom, corporal, was born in Clay County; his father was a Tennesseean, and came to Clay County, about 1818.
Benjamin Marsh, corporal, reared in Clay County.
James Barnes, Farrier, came to Clay County from Baysville, Ken- tucky.
The volunteer companies numbering somewhat over 1,000 men, under their respective commanders, were all assembled at Fort Leavenworth, by the 19th day of July, 1846, and on that day held an election for field officers ; Gen. A. W. Doniphan was elected colonel; C. E. Ruff, lieutenant-colonel ; and William Gilpin, major. Colonel Ruff and Major Gilpin were West Pointers, strict disciplinarians, and on that account very unpopular with the young volunteers. The September following, Colonel Ruff resigned, and was appointed captain in the regular army. Col. Congreve Jackson, of Howard County, succeeded Colonel Ruff as lieutenant-colonel. A sin- gular fact may here be mentioned. The Democrats, as a party, were in favor of the war against Mexico, and the Whig party opposed to the war, yet it was a Democratic war, and a Whig fight; perhaps a majority of officers and soldiers were Whigs; certainly Generals Scott and Taylor were Whigs, and but little doubt that a majority of the volunteers from Kentucky and Missouri were Whigs. Capt. O. P. Moss's company was composed of 114 men, and ninety were Whigs and twenty-four were Democrats. Doniphan and Moss were Whigs.
Doniphan's expedition to Mexico is a matter of general history, and well known to even school children, and will not be rehearsed in these pages. Before Colonel Doniphan's regiment left Mexico for the United States, it received the following complimentary mention from Brigadier- General Wool, commanding division:
Headquarters at Buena Vista, May 22, 1847. Special Orders No. 273.
1. The general commanding takes great pleasure in expressing the gratification he has received this afternoon in meeting the Missouri vol- unteers. They are about to close their present term of military service, after having rendered, in the course of the arduous duties they have been called upon to perform, a series of highly important services, crowned by decisive and glorious victories. No troops can point to a more bril- liant career than those commanded by Colonel Doniphan, and none will ever hear of the battles of Bracito and Sacramento without a feeling of
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
admiration for the men who gained them. The State of Missouri has just cause to be proud of the achievements of the men who represented her in the army against Mexico, and she will, no doubt, receive them on their return with all the joy and satisfaction to which a due appreciation of their merits and services so justly entitles them. In bidding them adieu, the general wishes to Colonel Doniphan, his officers and men, a happy return to their families and homes.
By Command of
Brig .- Gen. John E. Wool.
Irvin MeDowell, A. A. Gen.
About two weeks after the arrival at home of Colonel Doniphan, and the Clay County volunteers, 15th day of July, 1847, there was given a grand public reception to them, and a dinner spread in a grove a little southeast of Liberty. There was a large procession in charge of Judge James T. V. Thompson, as grand marshal. The welcoming address was delivered by Col. Henry L. Routt, to which Colonel Doniphan responded. Other speakers addressed the vast assemblage. Hon. David R. Atehi- son and Judge James H. Birch.
The necrology of Company C: John M. Finley died at El Paso, of typhoid fever, aged 21. William Duncan died in New Mexico, at Bent's Fort. John D. Lard was killed by Benjamin W. Marsh, at the Valverde crossing of the Rio del Norte. Marsh was tried by court-martial, but acquitted. James Wills died en route to Chihuahua, below El Paso.
After the grand reception to General Doniphan and his volunteers at Liberty, an invitation was extended to them, by Jackson County, to attend a reception in their honor at Independence. This invitation was accepted, and on the day appointed a vast concourse of people assembled in a grove southwest of Independence. An elaborate repast was spread under the shade of the trees. After the sumptutous dinner, an address of welcome was delivered by the Hon. Samuel H. Woodson, and responded to by Colonel Doniphan. A poem, dedicated to Colonel Doniphan and his soldiers was then read by a Mrs. Buchanan; at the closing of which she crowned Col- onel Doniphan with flowers. No more gaily and enjoyable day was ever experienced by the Jackson County people.
Gen. Zachary Taylor's part in the war with Mexico caused him to be an exceedingly popular man, particularly with the Whigs, who were in- clined to make him their candidate for President in 1848. and as this
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HISTORY OF CLAY COUNTY
movement increased, from month to month, it was determined by them to nominate "Rough and Ready," as he was called, for that high and exalted office. Taylor was nominated for President, and Millard Fillmore, for Vice-President. At the November election in Clay County, Taylor, the Whig candidate, received 626 votes; Cass, the Democratic candidate, received 418. Taylor was elected, and the Whigs had a grand celebrar tion over the election of General Taylor, at Liberty, the meeting being presided over by Madison Miller. Colonel Doniphan, and others, made speeches.
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