USA > Missouri > Buchanan County > The history of Buchanan County, Missouri > Part 39
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C. P. Walbridge opened a dry goods store in the town in 1881. John Surface, the undertaker of the place, has been there since 1877.
The town is supplied with two saloons. Population, 167.
SCHOOLS, TIMBER, ETC.
There is on the town quarter a good frame school house, built in 1876, at a cost of $1,000, and includes three acres of land.
Of timber there is plenty, consisting of walnut and other varieties.
The principal water courses of the township are Bee Creek, with its tributaries, and William's and Jordan's branches, besides numerous springs of pure cold water.
Limestone for building purposes is found on the head branches of Lamar Fork of Bee Creek.
378
JHISTORY OF BUCHANAN COUNTY.
The staple yield of the township in ante bellum days was hemp, vast quantities of which were then raised and shipped. Corn, wheat and other small grain grow and produce well. Fruits of all kinds proper to this latitude are excellent. Horses, mules, cattle and hogs are exten- sively raised.
ARNOLDSVILLE.
About the year 1846 or '47, Eli Arnold, a native of Ohio, crected on the site of the present village of Arnoldsville, about four miles west of the Platte River, a large frame building, which he equipped as a grist mill, and for a time operated it by horse power. Finding this means too costly to be profitable, he procured from Cincinnati an engine and boiler, and substituted steam for horse power. The difficulty of procur- ing the necessary water however, proved an obstacle to the complete success of the enterprise, and, after remaining idle for some time, the machinery was, after the war, sold to W. B. Smith, and moved to Agency. The old burrs are still in Cooley's water mill below Agency. The old mill building still remains, a gloomy reminder of the early and mistaken enterprise of a pioneer, who has long since passed to the land of shadows, where grists are not ground and where mistakes never occur.
Eli Arnold was the first postmaster of the town. The present post- master is George W. Ray, the leading merchant of the place.
The first building erected after the old mill, of which we have spoken. on the site of Arnoldsville, was a blacksmith shop, operated by Thomas Wilkerson. About the time that Arnold built his mill he erected a storehouse, which he afterward rented to different parties.
Isaac Brooks first sold goods there. He was succeeded by the Helm Brothers.
Others have sold goods in the place.
J. Deitz has a grocery store.
E. Gilbert, William St. John and Webber have wagon making and blacksmith shops.
There is also a boot and shoe shop and several residences.
Dr. Belmont; established near the present site of the town, was among the early physicians. The present and only physician is Dr. J. C. Smith, a son of the founder of Agency.
SCHOOLS, TIMBER, ETC.
The first school building erected in Arnoldsville was a brick house. In consequence of its dilapidated condition, it was torn down in 1867, and a two-story frame put up, the lower story of which accommodates the Arnoldsville district school.
The surrounding country, and especially that along the line of the Platte, is more or less hilly and broken, but heavily timbered and very productive.
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HISTORY OF BUCHANAN COUNTY.
The Platte River, which forms the eastern boundary of the town- ship, together with its tributaries, afford an abundant supply of water.
EASTON.
Easton, in Marion Township, is one of the largest towns in the county outside of St. Joseph, and is a good business point. It is on the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, twelve miles east of St. Joseph.
In 1848, Mr. E. Don Mccrary purchased four hundred acres of land where now stands the town of Easton. In 1854, Mr. Mccrary opened a store on his farm, and the same season laid off the town. The second store was established in 1855, by Kernes & Lumback. The latter dis- posed of his interest to Kernes, George Berry, Isaac Gibson and C. Benight, and the business was carried on by this firm till the breaking out of the war.
Dr. I. S. Talbott was the first physician to locate in the place.
PRESENT BUSINESS FIRMS.
Engaged in general merchandise are McCray Bros., Birt, Boyer & Co., Keys & Leftwick, William Tuck.
H. B. Iba, shoemaker and postmaster.
Colt Bros. & Co., millers.
One hotel kept by Jacob Hopper.
SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES.
One school house ; frame building.
One church, Presbyterian; built in 1868. Rev. E. B. Sherwood, present pastor.
FRAZER.
Frazer, in Tremont Township, is located on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Railway, fifteen miles from St. Joseph. It has a post- office and one store.
EVELINE,
commonly called Hall's Station, is on the Kansas City, St. Joseph and Council Bluffs Railroad, about half way between St. Joseph and Atchi- son, Kansas, in Wayne Township. It contains a depot, store, saloon and several residences.
The surrounding country is flat, heavily timbered, and subject to overflow in extreme high water.
LAKE STATION
is on the same railroad and in the same township, four miles from St. Joseph, and has a gluc factory.
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HISTORY OF BUCHANAN COUNTY.
SAXTON.
Saxton is located on the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, six miles east of St. Joseph, in Washington Township. It contains a depot. The ground upon which it is situated was donated by Mr. A. M. Saxton, of St. Joseph. At this station there is one store-general merchandise.
SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES.
In the township there are several frame school houses, and the church edifices, known as the "Oak Grove" Church and the " Walnut Grove" Church, the former being under the control of the Presbyterians, and the latter a Union Church.
For convenience, we will here give a list of the churches in the county outside of St. Joseph :
M. E. CHURCHI SOUTH.
DeKalb; Sparta, half interest in a frame building, house of worship; Walnut Grove, fourth interest in a frame building, house of worship; Agency, fourth interest in a frame building, house of worship.
CHRISTIAN CHURCHES.
Bethel, Platte River, Agency, Rushville, Franklin.
BAPTIST CHURCHES.
DeKalb, Mt. Pleasant, Sugar Creek, Walnut Grove, part interest, Taos.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES.
Oak Grove, Walnut Grove.
SCHOOL DISTRICTS OF THE DIFFERENT TOWNSHIPS.
Washington has 14 School Districts. Marion has 9 school districts, including one school in Easton. Tremont has 5 school districts.
Centre has 7 school districts. Agency has 3 school districts.
Wayne has 5 school districts. Lake has I school district.
Platte has 6 school districts, including district No. 17.
Jackson has 4 school districts. Crawford has 6 school districts. Bloomington has 7 school districts. Rush has 7 school districts.
381
HISTORY OF BUCHANAN COUNTY.
The following is a list of the secret orders in Buchanan County :
MARION TOWNSHIP.
Under a dispensation of April 28, 1858, granted by Bro. and Rev. William N. Irish, Dist. D. G. M., who was present and organized Easton Lodge, No. 101, A. F. and A. M., in their hall in the town of Easton, Buchanan County, Missouri, by appointing Bros. Daniel Conway, W. M .; Hugh McClintock, Sen. W .; Absalom Kerns, Jun. W .; Jordan J. Pullins, Treas .; John Long, Secy; Silas H. Kerns, Sen. D .; L. D. Dowell, Jun. D .; Adam Kerns, Tyler, duly installing them as such.
On the 28th day of May, 1858, a charter was granted or issued to said lodge, and on August 1Ith following, the following named officers were duly installed under their charter: Daniel Conway, W. M .; Absalom Kerns, Sen. W .; Joab Shultz, Jun. W .; J. J. Pullins, Treas .; John Long, Secy; Silas Kerns, Sen. D .; L. D. Dowell, Jun. D .; Adam Kerns, Secy and Treas. Daniel Conway, Hugh McClintock and Absa- lom Kerns were charter officers.
The following named have been W. Masters of this lodge: Daniel Conway, Absalom Kerns, Isham S. Talbot, John L. Stoneman, W. F. Forbis, Joseph Robinson, C. W. Benight, George W. Leftwich, George T. Black.
The following named persons have been secretaries : John Long, Elijah McCrary, C. W. Benight, Joseph Evans, Joseph Robinson, Chesley Wyatt, W. F. Forbis, James B. Leftwich.
Present officers : George T. Black, W. M .; George W. Leftwich, Sen. W .; Elan Rice, Jun. W .; I. S. Talbot, Treas .; C. W. Benight, Secy .; Henry Mccrary, Sen. D .; Wm. R. Evans, Jun. D .; Wm. M. Vassar, Tiler.
Number of present membership, 23, as per last Grand Lodge report.
BLOOMINGTON TOWNSHIP.
The spacious building in which Derge & Hagenstein do business is owned by the Masonic and Odd Fellow orders. The second floor is used by Wellington Lodge No. 22, A. F. and A. M., chartered May 6, 1852, with W. C. Moore as W. M. ; William Howard, S. W. ; L. R. Ringo, J. W. ; A. C. Craig, Sec., and Holland Jones, Treasurer. The lodge is in a flourishing condition, having a membership of fifty-nine.
Ringo Royal Arch Chapter, No. 6, chartered May 22, 1863, also meets in this hall. Its charter members were General John T. Martin, H. P., Dr. Samuel Goslee, King and Thomas J. Crumpacker, Scribe.
It also accommodates the DeKalb Lodge No. 191, I. O. O. F., char- tered May 28, 1868, with the following officers: F. W. Lee, N. G. ; Ulrich Schneider, V. G. ; W. A. Bowen, Sec., and William Best, Treas.
24
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HISTORY OF BUCHANAN COUNTY.
Aram Encampment No. 45, I. O. O. F., also meets here, and was instituted July 5, 1869, with Ulrich Schneider, C. P. ; W. H. Bowen, H. P. ; John Rivett, S. W .; J. P. Gant, J. W. ; T. J. Crumpacker, Scribe. and John C. Moore, Treasurer. Present membership, thirteen.
RUSH TOWNSHIP.
Rushville Lodge, No. 238, A. F. and A. M., chartered in 1865, and Odd Fellow's Lodge, No. 227, chartered in 1871, are both said to be in a flourishing condition.
CRAWFORD TOWNSHIP.
Birming Lodge, No. 150, A. F. and A. M., chartered May 22nd, 1858, with the following officers : Charles S. Crow, W. M .; William Willis, S. W .; Hiram W. Harper, J. W. The present officers (1881) are S. J. Har- per, W. M .; Samuel M. Mayes, S. W .; G. P. Clowser, J. W .; A. Turner, Treasurer ; John T. Chestnut, Secretary. Present membership, 39.
Truth Lodge, No. 216, I. O. O. F., chartered September, 18, 1869, with the following officers: E. M. Yates, N. G .; J. F. Call, V. G. ; G. W. Murphy, R. Sec .; T. R. Smith, P. Sec .; J. M. Cauley, Treasurer : J. W. Mattucks, Chaplain ; H. R. Yates, Warden ; J. H. Combs, Con- ductor ; D. Hall, R. S. to N. G .; D. W. Clowser, L. S. ; W. B. Tullar, R. S. Sup. ; R. H. Faucet, L. S. Sup. ; J. Walker, R. S. to V. G. ; R. H. Thomas, L. S. to V. G .; J. R. James, I. G .; W. E. Curl, O. G.
Present membership, 24. Own one-third of lodge room. Decem- ber 4, 1873, lodge was destroyed by fire; records, charter, &c., burned up; was fully insured.
AGENCY TOWNSHIP.
Agency Lodge, No. 10, A. F. and A. M. This lodge was chartered June 2, 1866, by authority of the Grand Lodge of Missouri. John D. Vincil, Grand Master. The following officers were installed when the lodge was organized : W. B. Smith, W. M .; Isaac Lower, S. W .; J. W. Richie, J. W .; M. W. Ferris, Secretary ; E. M. Yates, Treasurer. Mem- bership at organization, about thirteen. May 25, 1870, lodge hall, records and everything was destroyed by fire. Have a membership of twenty- eight now, and in a prosperous condition. The highest number at any time, was about eighty ; membership reduced by brothers moving away. Have rented hall 22x40 feet, with complete outfit.
Agency Royal Arch Chapter, formerly an important branch of the order here, has lost its existence.
Agency Lodge, No. 241, I. O. O. F., also holds its session in this hall. It was instituted May 20, 1878, by order of C. H. Mansur, presiding officer of the Grand Lodge of Missouri. James M. Powell, N. G .; Wm. B. Smith, V. G. ; E. M. Yates, Secretary.
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HISTORY OF BUCHANAN COUNTY.
JACKSON TOWNSIHP.
Rowley Lodge, No. 204, A. F. and A. M., was chartered October 19, 1867, with Cyrus Grable, W. M .; James Wright, S. W .; and J. W. Staf- ford, J. W. P. L. Wheeler was the first Secretary. The present officers of this lodge are : B. C. Stafford, W. M .; John C. Tays, S. W .; John Hig- gins, J. W .; J. W. Wilkerson, Secretary ; J. Boyd, Treasurer ; Albert Freeman, S. D .; Enoch Grable, J. D .; Joseph Grable, Tyler.
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HISTORY OF ST. JOSEPH.
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTORY.
HOW ANCIENT CITIES WERE FOUNDED AND BUILT-THE CONSIDERATIONS DETERMIN- ING THEIR LOCATION-HOW MODERN CITIES ARE BUILT, AND THE CONSIDERA- TIONS DETERMINING THEIR LOCATION-AMERICAN CITIES, HOW LOCATED AND HOW BUILT-WESTERN CITIES-THE IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORTATION FACILI - TIES-THE PEOPLE WHO DETERMINE THE LOCATION, AND WHY-" MOTION FOL- LOWS THE LINE OF LEAST RESISTANCE."
The first efforts of mankind to build cities ante-dates history, hence nothing very definite concerning the circumstances and methods is or can be known ; but in the earlier ages of the historic era, when the race was divided into comparatively small and warring factions, and afterward, when these factions grew to be powerful, but not less warlike nations, cities were located by kings and conquerors, and built by the people under their immediate supervision and direction.
In these warlike ages, a site for a city was determined mainly by the advantages of the defense of the spot of ground selected, though the contiguity of fertile and pastoral country seems not to have been entirely ignored ; hence cities built in those ages were at once the capital and fortress of the king, while immediately surrounding it was a country susceptible of supporting his subjects. No regard seems to have been had, however, to facilities for transportation, not even so much as would facilitate military operations, while trade, which consisted chiefly of exchange between the people of the town and the adjacent domain, was entirely ignored. Exchanges between people of different dominions existed only as pillage.
In later periods, however, the conquering of one people by another, the combination of different cities under the same power, and the necessities of military operations, seem to have caused more atten-
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HISTORY OF ST. JOSEPH.
tion to be given to transportation facilities in the location of cities. This was after the adoption of methods for utilizing the large streams and the inland seas, and the erection of cities after that time, seems to have been determined by the three principles of defensibility, contiguity of productive country, and facilities for water transportation, and hence were usually located on large rivers or arms of the sea. At least it was cities so located that in this period were most prosperous and became most famous.
These features continued to be the ruling factors in the selection of the location of cities, until after the American revolution. The cities of the United States built before that time, were founded, not directly by royal hands, but by those holding royal patents for that purpose, and the same features seem to have been observed by them as were regarded by kings and conquerors for many previous ages in the Old World.
BUILDING CITIES IN AMERICA.
Since the revolution, however, cities have ceased to be founded in the United States by authority ; the people have done it themselves, without supervision or interference from government. The sites have been selected by individuals or companies, the grounds staked off, and the lots offered for sale. This done, the balance rested with the people, and, though the number of cities founded in this country west of the Alleghany Mountains is almost infinite, each of which was expected by its founders rapidly to become a great emporium, the people have built but few. The popular choice among the many rivals that have pre- sented themselves in every section has been determined by principles as avell ascertained as those of old, and as casy of definition.
CONSIDERATION OF TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES.
Defensibility has ceased to be a consideration, for in the interior of the United States we have had no foc that made it necessary. Con- tiguity to fertile country can scarcely be said to have exerted an influ- ence, for this country is all fertile. Facilities for transportation, how- ever, have exerted a very great and controlling influence. Having never been a war-like people, and having a country of wonderful and varied productiveness, the Americans are, of necessity, a producing and trading people. The chief consideration to such a people is transportation, and the city or the proposed city, possessing this feature in the highest degree, be it wagon roads, watercourses with keel or steamboats, or railroads, will be most prosperous ; and the one that by such means, cach in its age, has accommodated the country farthest into the interior, has com- manded the widest extent of trade. The history of interior cities is but
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HISTORY OF ST. JOSEPH.
a history of the development of transportation in its different forms. Where we find that a place now almost obsolete was once more promis- ing than its rivals, we will likely find that it had the best transportation ' of the kind then employed, but that in some subsequent phase some rival took the advantage and the lead.
BY WHOM WESTERN CITIES WERE LOCATED.
The importance of facilities for transportation in determining the location and prosperity of cities, cannot be better indicated than by a brief reference to the character, vocation and habits of the class of men who determined the locations of all our important western cities, though they did not actually build any of them. We refer to the pioneer traders, trappers and hunters who preceded the march of civilization from the Atlantic Coast-a class now rapidly disappearing into tradition and his- tory, because the wilderness and the wild animals they loved to chase are gone, and the red men, their companions, associates and foes, are rapidly going. Daniel Boone was the type of the American element in this class, and also of the hunters who constituted a part of it; but the most of them appear to have been of French origin or descent. They were divided into three distinct classes-hunters and trappers, traders and voyageurs. This latter class were always in the employ of the traders, and it was their business to propel the water craft which the traders employed in transportation. The hunters and trappers were sometimes independent and sometimes in the employ of the traders. They pene- trated far into the wilds and explored the unknown regions. They were the true pioneers. The furs and skins procured by them were sold to the traders, or procured for them. The traders, originally independent, but subsequently under the direction of the great fur companies, estab- lished posts far into the interior of the wilderness, to which they trans- ported articles suitable for traffic with the Indians, and such supplies as hunters and trappers wanted, and at which they purchased robes, skins and furs, which they transported back to the borders of civilization. Irving's "Astoria," and "Booneville" give an excellent history of this trade, which, about the beginning of the present century, was immense, and extended all over the uninhabited parts of North America. The men engaged in it were a brave, adventurous class, for whom the wil- derness and association with wild animals and wild men possessed more charms than civilization. With a few articles of traffic, a gun, and per- haps a few tools for constructing traps, they pushed their way hundreds and even thousands of miles into the untrodden wilderness, not knowing what moment they might fall in with some unknown ferocious animal, or some band of hostile savages. They put their canoes and rafts into streams and followed their course, not knowing to what falls or dangers
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HISTORY OF ST. JOSEPH.
they might lead. Their lives were a perpetual vigil, and they may be said to have lived with their finger on the trigger. In the beginning, they confined their excursions to a limited territory where the valuable. fur animals were to be found. Here they spent their winters in solitude, and in the spring went with the proceeds of their trapping to a trading post where they were disposed of and new supplies purchased, when they were off again into the solitude for another year. Subsequently they became the employes or agents of the fur companies, by whom expeditions of great magnitude and extended explorations were under- taken.
The traders were mostly French, and as they employed trappers as well as traded with them and the Indians, and as the fur animals were chiefly found along streams, their posts were usually located on them or near their confluence. The latter were deemed the most desirable locations, as they gave access to larger districts of country by keel boats and pirogues, and hence more easily commanded a larger trade. Their only means of transportation was packing on their own backs, or on the backs of horses, and light water craft which could be propelled in the river with pikes.
The American and British governments have always maintained military posts on the frontier, for the protection of advancing settlement, yet they have never led, but always followed these men ; and military men in scientifically determining the strategic advantages of locations for posts have always found the judgment of these pioneers unerring as to the points that held best command of the adjacent country, and have located their posts in the vicinity of the traders and where substantially the same advantages were secured.
The principle underlying these facts-underlying the law of trans- portation itself-is the long since observed universal physical law that "motion follows the line of least resistance." The movements of com- munities, classes and individuals whether in commercial, industrial, mil- itary or social efforts, no less than of physical bodies, obey this universal law. All effort employs the methods, and follows the lines that most facilitate the attainments of its object, which is but another form of ex- pression of the law that "motion follows the line of least resistance."
CHAPTER II.
EARLY EXPEDITIONS AND SETTLEMENTS.
THE FUR COMPANIES-THE FIRST SETTLEMENT AT BLACKSNAKE HILLS-ROBIDOUX' PORTRAIT- HIS LITHOGRAPH-BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH-LOCATES AT CHICAGO- THEN AT THE BLUFFS-THEN AT ROY'S BRANCH AND BLACKSNAKE HILLS-1834- 1836-ROBIDOUX' HOME-EMPLOVES-SERVANT-FERRY-FROM 1837 TO 1840-RIVAL TOWNS-MISSION OF THREE GENTLEMEN-WOLVES.
The French element of the class of pioneers referred to in the pre- ceding chapter, settled Canada and the Northwestern part of the United States, as well as the country about the mouth of the Mississippi River. They came into the upper Mississippi and Missouri Valleys in 1764, under the lead of Pierre Laclede Liguest, (always called Laclede), who held a charter from the French Government, giving him the exclusive right to trade with the Indians in all the country as far north as St. Peters River. Laclede brought part of his colony from France, and received large accessions to it in New Orleans, mainly of hunters and trappers, who had had experience with the Indians. In the year 1764, this colony established itself on the west bank of the Mississippi River, and founded the present City of St. Louis. From this point they imme- diately began their trading and trapping incursions into the then unbroken wilderness in their front. Their method of proceeding seems to have been to penetrate into the interior and establish small local posts for trading with the Indians, whence the trappers and hunters were outfitted and sent out into the adjacent woods.
These local posts were many of them independent, but usually they were under the general management of parties in St. Louis.
In this way, the country west and northwest of St. Louis was tra- versed and explored by these people, at a very early day, as far west as the Rocky Mountains. But of the extent of their operations but little has been recorded ; hence but little is known of the posts established by them. It is known, however, that such posts were established at a very early day, on the Chariton and Grand Rivers, in Missouri, and at Cote Sans Dessein, in Calloway County.
THE FUR COMPANIES.
The increase of the volume of any business and of the amount of capital employed in it, naturally leads to more extended operations and
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HISTORY OF ST. JOSEPH.
more systematic methods. It gives rise also to a tendency to concen- trate into fewer hands. This was true of the fur and Indian trade as well as of all others. In 1787 this universal tendency of business to concen- trate led to an abandonment, to a large extent, in Canada, of the simple individual methods above described, and the organization of the North- west Fur Company at Montreal. John Jacob Astor, of New York, having been for some time interested in the fur trade with others, began busi- ness for himself in 1807, and in 1809 organized the American Fur Com- pany. The year before this event, that is 1808, twelve persons, among whom were Pierre and Auguste Chouteau, residing at St. Louis, gave sys- tematic shape to the trade of the Missouri valley, by the organization of the Missouri Fur Company, of which Manuel Lisa, a Spaniard, was the leader. Sometime previous to this the Mackinaw Company was organ- ized in the northwest, in the region of the lakes. About 1809 or 1810 the Missouri, American and Northwestern companies began to push their expeditions across the Rocky Mountains, about the headwaters of the Missouri and Columbia Rivers, with a view of establishing a chain of posts across the continent, and they thus became strong rivals. They made one expedition each and effected the desired lodgment, but, owing to the unfortunate killing of a Blackfoot chief, there arose a hostility on the part of those Indians which drove out the American and Missouri companies.
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