Economic and social history of Chowan County, North Carolina, 1880-1915, Part 20

Author: Boyce, Warren Scott, 1878-
Publication date: 1917
Publisher: New York, Columbia University; [etc., etc.]
Number of Pages: 324


USA > North Carolina > Chowan County > Economic and social history of Chowan County, North Carolina, 1880-1915 > Part 20


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86


1913-14 . . Rural. ....


1,208


1,841


3,049


969


1,370


2,339


612


893


1,505


118


128


103


Edenton . .


456


130


586


404


90


494


292


53


345


180


180


County . . .


1,664


1,97I


3,635


1,373


1,460


2,833


904


946


1,850


136


1


1880 .....


County ...


1,142


1,152


2,294


·


·


1 Source : Reports of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction of North Carolina.


" In the eighties, the data were not given according to the school year.


$ Given to the nearest whole day.


[282


.


·


APPENDIX


106


TABLE XVII 1 EXPENDITURES 2 FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN CHOWAN COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA : 1880-3, 1909-10-1913-14


283 ]


Paid to Teachers


Expenditures for new buildings and repairs


Year


Total expendi- tures 3


White


Colored


White


Colored 4


R ural


Edenton


County


Rural


Eden- ton


County


Rural


Edenton


Rural


Edenton


Rural


1880 . . . .


$2,101


...


..


1,052


.


.


$848


$43


$27


1881 .......


3,667


...


1,501


...


.. .


....


......


IO


1882 .......


5,098


...


·. ....


1,884


...


...


....


......


217


...


465


1883 .......


5,439


....


.....


2,148


.. .


.. .


....


......


....


231


Average ... .


4,076


. .


......


1,646


...


. .


...


......


....


181


1909-10 ....


16,791


$3,392


$3,150


$6,542


$2,276


$225


2,501


$573


$1,350


2,466


$317


369


1910-II ....


14,540


3,252


3,510


6,762


2,222


225


2,447


585


1,350


1,289


60


30


1911-12 ....


15,495


4,173


3,510


7,683


2,240


225


2,465


594


1,452


959


32


166


1912-13 ....


19,870


4,359


3,510


7,869


2,156


225


2,381


699


1,350


4,655


....


93


1913-14 ....


20,517


5,947


3.870


9,817


2,952


225


3,177


659


1,500


2,279


58


21


Average. . . .


17,443


4,225


3,510


7,735


2,369


225


2,594


622


1,400


2,330


93


136


Source : Reports of the State Superintendent.


2 Expressed to the nearest dollar.


8 " Total expenditures " includes moneys spent for supervision, teaching, furniture, fuel, janitor service, supplies, libraries, rent, insurance, new buildings, repairs, taking of census, county treasurer's commission, expenses of the board of education, of committeemen, of county superintendent, and all other expenses, except " loans repaid " and " interest on loans." These are not included, since the object is to get at the actual amount spent on the schools each year.


+ Edenton owns no school-building for the use of colored chlidren, so rents a small house.


283


APPENDIX


·


..


·


1,439


2,01I


1,868


234


I26


1,542


.


Paid to Super- intendents


284


TABLE XVIII I VALUE OF PUBLIC SCHOOL PROPERTY OF CHOWAN COUNTY, N. C. : 1880-4, 1909-10-1913-14


White


Year


1880


1881


1882


1883


1884


1909-10


1910-II


1911-12


1912-13


1913-14


Rural .


2,090


1,600


1,702


2,500


2,200


9,000


10,500


11,400


17,500


20,300


Edenton


12,000


10,000


10,000


10,000


10,000


Colored 2


Rural.


243


339


367


400


500


4,750


5,375


5,600


5,600


6,400


1 Source : Reports of the State Superintendent.


2 Cf. note 4 to Table XVII.


APPENDIX


[284


285]


·


75.3


69.7


73.6


71.7


55.6


71.0


50.4


52.3


50.9


44.7


33.3


43.9


1910-II ...


73-7


73-7


73.7


72.6


60.3


71.7


45.3


52.4


47.5


42.1


32.6


41.3


1911 12 ...


70.5


78.1


72 5


80.5


56.6


67.5


40.6


52.2


43.5


40.6


31.0


39.9


1912-13 . . .


71.0


77.6


72.8


72.8


56.0


71.5


44.9


57.2


48.2


45.6


29.3


44.3


1913- 14 . .


80.2


88.6


82.5


74.4


69.2


74.1


50.7


64.0


54.3


48.5


40.8


48.0


Average. .


74.1


77 5


75.0


74.4


59.5


71.2


46.4


55.6


48.9


44.3


33.4


43.5


.


Rural


Edenton


County


Rural


Edenton


County


Rural


Edenton


County


Rural


Edenton


County


1881 .


.. .


36.2


....


...


50.5


19.3


....


32.5


1882.


...


....


52.6


...


....


58.9


. .


....


31.6


...


...


36.4


1883.


.


....


....


48.5


...


....


54.7


....


34.1


....


....


33.1


1884


.


..


·


....


....


....


..


33.6


....


....


48.3


Average


....


...


.


48.3


....


....


.. .


...


29.7


....


...


APPENDIX


Per cent. of school-population enrolled


The percentage which the average attendance forms of the school-population


Year


White


Colored


White


Colored


37.6


1909-10.


·


·


·


1 The figures of this table are calculations based on table xvi.


285


TABLE XIX 1 SCHOOL-CENSUS FIGURES OF CHOWAN COUNTY REDUCED TO PERCENTAGES : 1881-4, 1909-10-1913-14


55.8


68.0


58.0


286


TABLE XX 1 PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE FOR TEACHING, PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE FOR ALL PURPOSES, AND PER CAPITA VALUE OF SCHOOL PROPERTY, FOR BOTH WHITE AND COLORED, CHOWAN COUNTY : 1880-4, 1909-10 -- 1913-14


-


Amount per head of white school popula- tion paid for teach- ing 2 white children


Amount per head of colored school-popu- lation paid for teach- ing colored children


Total public-school expenditure per head of entire school-popula- tion of the county


Value of school prop- erty for white, per head of white school- population


Value of school prop- erty for colored, per head of colored school-population 3


Rural Edenton County


Rural Edenton, County


County


Rural Edenton County


Rural


County


1880.


.


..


·


..


....


. .


....


.74


.92


...


...


....


.21


188[ . ...


.


.....


....


......


1.22


1.52


...


...


....


.29


1882 . ..


..


..


....


....


......


1.75


2.05


1.37


....


.29


1883.


.


.


......


....


......


....


....


....


.30


1884.


.. .


· ....


·


......


·


....


....


1.76


....


.37


Average. . .


. .


1.35


....


......


1.28


1.65


....


....


1.65


....


.29


1909-10 ...


2.97


8.98


4.80


1.34


1.60


1.35


4.82


7.88


23.29


12.78


2.75


2.58


1910-II ...


2.87


9.60


4.95


1.26


1.60


1.29


4.II


9.27


19.76


12.51


3.05


2.83


1911-12. ..


3.28


11.08


5.31


1.35


1.55


1.36


4.39


8.96


22.32


12.43


3.37


3.10


1912-13. ..


3.52


10.66


5.44


1.23


1.50


1.25


5.51


14.12


21.93


16.22


3.18


2.93


1913-14. ..


4.92


11.78


6.80


1.60


1.73


1.61


5.64


16.80


21.93


18.21


3.44


3.25


Average. ..


3.51


10.42


5.46


1.36


1.60


1.37


4.89


12.41


21.85


14.43


3.16


2.94


1 The calculations are based on tables xvi, xvii and xviii.


2 Since the superintendent of the Edenton schools does some teaching, and since he puts in practically all his time at the white school, in calculating the per-capita expenditure for teaching white children in Edenton, his salary has been included with that of the rest of the teachers.


3 Cf. note 4 to table xvii.


[286


APPENDIX


...


..


1.72


1.39


2.09


....


1.83


.92


1.22


1.30


1.52


2.00


.....


Year


·


,]


TEACHERS IN EACH GRADE FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR OF 1913-14


Salary per month


Number of teachers


Average salary per month for all teachers


Ist grade


2nd grade


Ist Grade


2nd Grade


White


Colored


White


Colored


White


Colored


White


Colored


White


Colored


40.00


27.50


30.00


22.50


23


9


2


14


39.00


25.43


1 The figures of this table, except the last two columns, were furnished me by the county superintendent in the summer of 1914. In November 1916 they were still the same. " Average salary per month," is a simple calculation from the other columns. 2 The teachers in the local tax districts usually draw a little more than the regular salary, since the committeemen in these districts can pay whatever they see fit in addition to whatever is allowed by the county.


TABLE XXII 1 ILLITERACY IN CHOWAN COUNTY, N. C .: 1900 AND 1910


Illiterate


Native Males of Voting Age


Native Population 10 Years old and over ?


Year


Number


Per cent.


Number


Per cent.


All persons 10 to 20 years old, inclusive


White


Colored


Total


White


Colored


Total


White


Colored


Total


White


Colored


Total


Number


Per cent


1900. . . . 1910. . . .


183


483


666


14.9


37


392


I,III


1,503


18.1 10.6


51.0 25.5


36.7 18.6


140


4.9


1 Compiled from the U. S. Census Reports for 1900 and for 1910, vol. 2, p. 487 and vol. 3, pp. 296-7, respectively, except the per cent columns for " native population 10 years old and over" for 1900, which are calculations from the same source. In the 1900 Census, the only figures given by counties on illiteracy are the absolute number of illiterates 10 years old and over in the various classes (native white, foreign white, and colored ). (The per cent for illiterates of voting age in 1900 given here is found in the 1910 Census). Neither the number of the people 10 years old and over in each color group, nor the per cent which the illiterates of each form of the total, is given. These figures are all given for 1910. The first thing was to calculate the per cent of the total native population in each color group in 1910 that were 10 years old and over. Assuming that the per cent. for each class was the same in 1900 that it was in 1910, the total number 10 years old and over in each class was then calculated for 1900. Having the number of illiterates in each class given, and having calculated the total number in each class by the method described, the percentage which the illiterates formed of the total was then calculated.


2 In 1900 there were 3 foreign-born illiterates in this group, and none at all in 1910. ;


.


287


APPENDIX


.....


.. .


.


39.6 26.I


573


2, 112


2,685


288


APPENDIX


[288


TABLE XXIII 1 CHURCH COMMUNICANTS OF CHOWAN COUNTY, N. C .: 1890 AND 1906


Communicants


Denominations 2


June 1, 1890


Dec. 30, 1906


Number


Per cent of total


Number


Per cent of total


Baptist (white)


1,747


37-7


4,685


72.3


Baptist ( colored ).


1,247


26.9


Methodist Episcopal South


93


2.0


294


4.5


Methodist Episcopal


75


1.2


Methodist Protestant


....


....


19


0.3


African Methodist +


....


1,207


18.6


Colored Methodist Episcopal ..


39


0.8


..


....


African Methodist Zion .


Episcopal


,357


29.3


....


....


Protestant Episcopal


134


2.9


158


2.4


Other Protestant Bodies


26


0.4


Roman Catholic


17


0.4


19


0.3


All Denominations.


4,634


6,483


100


..


. .


1 Compiled from the special reports on churches in 1890 and in 1906 by the U. S. Bureau of the Census.


2 The U. S. Census Reports make no mention of the Friends, or "Quakers," in the county. There are probably some thirty or forty of this persuasion within its borders.


3 The colored and the white Baptists are here given all together.


4 Includes all colored Methodists at the time of the enumeration in 1906.


3


....


289


APPENDIX


289]


TABLE XXIV 1


CHURCH COMMUNICANTS OF CHOWAN COUNTY, N. C., COMPARED WITH POPULATION 15 YEARS OLD AND OVER : 1890 AND 1906.


SUBJECT


June I, 1890


Dec. 30, 1906


Total population


number


9,167


10,955 2


Population 15 years old and over 3. . number


5,234


6,463


Population 15 years old and over ... . per cent


57.1


59.0 4


Church communicants.


· number


4,634


6,483


Church communicants


· per cent of population ..


50.6


59.2


1 The calculations in this table are based on data found in various U. S. Cen- sus reports.


2 The average monthly increase of Chowan's population from June 1, 1900 to April 15, 1910, was 8.819. The population for Dec. 31, 1906, is approximated by adding to the population for June 1, 1900 (10,258) 8.819 for each additional month (79). The product of 79 x 8.819=697.


3 The number of people embraced in the various age groups are not recorded by counties, so the per cent of the population 15 years old and over in the county is reckoned the same as that for the state. Taking this per cent of the county's entire population, gives the absolute number 15 years old and over.


4 This is an average of the percentages for 1900 and for 1910.


INDEX


Animal husbandry, 88 ff. Apples, 66 ff. Ashe, S. A., 24 Ash-heap, 216 f., 218 f. Ashes, 54 f. Babies, at church, 200 ff., 208 Bacon's Rebellion, 32 Bancroft, Geo., 24, 25, 30 f. Barring off, 58 f. Bassett, J. S., 239, 243 Berkley, Wm., 23, 32


Books, 157 f., 177 f. Brickell, Jobn, 25, 29 f.


Brick-making, 113 ff.


Buffaloes, 244 ff. Buildings, private, 219 ff., 229 ff. Burnt dirt, 54 ff. Byrd, Wm., of Westover, 25, 27 ff. Cart, description of, 47 ff. Carters, 128 ff., 135 ff., 141 f. Cattle, 53, 54, 89; beef, 68 f .; dairy, 68 ff.


Chowan county, size and location of, 17 Church, popularity of, 195 ff .; power and demands of, 196 ff .; meetings of, 197 ff .; music at, 202, 208; doctrines of, 202 ff., 208 ff .; social features of, 204 ff .; changing attitudes towards, 210 ff .; loss of prestige of, 211 ff.


Church buildings, 199 f., 207 ff .; seating arrangements of, 199 ff .; spitting on floors of, 200 f., 207


Church grounds, 198 ff., 207 f. Church population, 206 Climate, 21 ff. Clothing, 225 ff., 232 f., 237 Commerce, prerequisites of, 127 ff .; articles of, 133 ff.


Communicaton, means of, 128 ff., 139 ff. Cooking, 105 f., 222 ff. Cooking utensils, 222 ff. Corn, 56 ff., 60, 62, 64, 85 ff. Corn gauge, 57 Corpse, 190 f.


291]


Cotton, 58 ff., 63 ff., 83 ff., 249 ff .; bale of, 63 ff.


Cotton ginning, 63 ff., 112 ff. Cows, 252; (see Milk Cows, Cattle,Dairy) Crop-rotation, 55, 58


Crops, method of planting, 56 ff., 59; cultivation of, 57 ff., 80 ff .; chief, 63 ff .; increase in production of, 85 ff .; diversification of, 254


Dairy products, 71 f. Deading, 42


Dillard, Dr. Richard, 218, 252


Dogs, menace of, to sheep-raising, 68, 252; at church, 201 f., 208


Drawbacks, present-day, 257 ff.


Drummond, Wm., 23


Ducks, 76, 77


Durant, Geo., 23


Dwellings, 215, 217, 219 ff., 229 ff.


Edmundson, Wm., 32


Eggs, 76 f., 78 f.


Enclosures, for cattle, 54; for dwellings, 215 f., 217 f.


Factories, 115 f.


Fairless, Jack, 244 ff.


Farms, size of, 45 ff. Farm implements, 46 ff., 80 ff.


Fence-lock dirt, 54


Fencing, 44 f.


Fertilizer, commercial, 53 f., 61, 81 f., 86 ff.


Fish, consumption of, 104 ff .; manner of cooking, 105


Fish-catch, quantity of, 98ff., 103 ff .; value of, 160 f., 103 ff.


Fish monopoly, 93 ff.


Fish-offal, 54, 55


Fishing, capital and labor employed in, 91 ff., 104 ff .; recent developments in, 102 ff. Fishing season, 91 ff. Flies, 213 ff., 217 Flusser, Lieutenant-Commander C. W., 244, 245


291


292


INDEX


[292


Fodder, 65 ff. Food, 104 ff., 223 ff., 230 ff., 237


Forage, 65 ff. Fox, Geo., 32 Fruit, 66 ff., 88


Fruit culture, 88 f.


Funerals, 189 ff.


Furnishings of households and kitchens, 221 ff., 230 f.


Gangs, 180 ff.


Gearing, 50


Geese, 76, 77 f.


Gill-nets, 92, 93 Grapes, 66 ff.


Grave-marks, 192 ff.


Grave-yards, 192


Harbors, lack of, 239, 243 f.


Harper's Magazine, 49


Hay, 65 (see, Fodder)


Helper, H. R., 246 ff. Hilling, 59, 60 ff.


Hoes, 50 Hog cholera, 73 ff. Hog-killings, 72 ff., 181 ff.


Hogs, 53, 71 ff., 98 ff .; cost of raising, 74; breeds of, 74 ff., 88 ff.


Horses, 51 f., 67, 92 f.


Immigration, 31 ff .. 35 ff.


Jones, W. N., 249 ff.


Labor, supply of, 144 f., 146; method of securing, 145 ff .; hours of, 146 f .; white female, 150 ff .; colored female, 153 ff .; changing attitude towards, 253 ff. Land, clearing of, 42 ff.


Lawson, John, 24, 25, 26 ff.


Literacy, 174 ff., 238 Log-rollings, 181 f.


Lords Proprietors, 23; agrarian policy of, 239 ff.


Lumbering, by foreign operators, 121 ff .; by local operators, 122 ff .; effect on agriculture of, 123 f.


Mail service, 128, 139


Manufacturing, 87; type of, 107 f., 115 ff .; articles produced in, 107 ff .; rôle of women in, IIO f .; capital and labor employed in, III, 116 ff .; passing of household, 118 ff.


Manufacturing plants, 115 ff. Manures, 53 ff., 61, 81 f., 87 Marle, 54, 55 Marriages, 184 ff. Merchants, 134 ff., 141 ff. Milk cows, 68 ff., 89, 252


Mortgages, 249 ff.


Mosquitoes, 214 f., 217


Mules, 51 f., 67, 92 f.


Music, in church, 202 f., 208 f .; in pri- vate homes, 226 ff., 232 ff.


Musical instruments, 226 ff., 232 ff.


Newspapers, 157 f., 177 ff.


Oats, 63, 64


One-crop system, 251 ff.


Oxen, 51, 53, 83, 84


Pastures, 67


Peanuts, 85; thresher for, 82


Peaches, 66


Pears, 66


Peas, 61, 64, 65, 81


Pictures, 227 ff., 233 ff.


Plows, 50


Population, growth of, 33 ff .; rural and urban, 34 ff .; origin, color, and nativ- ity of present, 36 f,


Post-office, 128


Potatoes, sweet, 58, 60, 63, 65, 85, 255; white, 63, 65


Pound-nets, 92 ff., 101 ff.


Poultry, 75 ff., 78 f., 88, 90 Preachers, types of, 203 ff.


Precipitation, 21


Privies, home, 216, 218; church, 199, 207


Progression, factors of, 252 ff.


Public schools, 158 f .; equipment of, 158 f., 168 ff .; value of equipment of, 164 ff., 169 ff .; teachers in, 159 ff., 170 ff .; length of term of, 160 f., 173 f .; course of study in, 161 ff .; classi- fication in, 161 ff .; instruction in, 162 ff., 172 ff .; expenditures for, 164 ff., 170 ff .; attendance at, 165 ff., 173 ff .; salaries paid by, 172 ff .; local tax for, 167 ff .; feminization of, 170 ft. Pulverizers, 50 f., 80 f. Pumps, 217 ff.


Quakers, 30, 32 Rail cart, 49


Railroads, 129 f., 140 ff., 252 f., 256


Range, free, 67, 242


Reading, 157 ff., 176 ff.


Retrogression, factors of, 243, 246 ff.


Roanoke inlet, depth of, 22


Robinson, J. H., 246


Saunders, W. L., 33


Saw-mills, 124 School teachers, 159 ff.


Schools, private, 174 f. (see, Public schools)


293]


INDEX


293


Seine crews, size and character of, | Timber, value of, in 1880, 42 f., 121 f .; 96 f .; work and fare of, 96 ff. variety and disposition of, in 1915, [24 ff. Seines, 92 f .; hand, 92 ff .; power, 92, 95 f .; shooting of, 95 ff. Timber situation, 121 f., 125 ff. Seining, fascination of, IOI f. Time-system, 249 ff. Settlements, time of first, 22 f. Threshers, for peanuts, 82; for soy- beans, 83 ff. Settlers, origin and character of first, 24 ff. Traders, 128 ff. Sewage, 53 f. Travel, 228 f., 234 f. Sheep, 68 Transportation, 129 ff., 140 ff. Slavery, 246 ff. Turkeys, 76 Soil, nature of, 19 f .; preparation of, Visiting, 179 ff. 52 f., 80 ff. Wages, 144 ff., 147 ff. Soy-beans, 85; thresher for, 82 ff. Wagon-roads, 130 ff., 141 f.


Standard work animals, 51, 84 ff. Steam-mills, 112 f. (see, Saw-mills) Stumps, 42 ff. Swamp-mud, 54 Telegraph, 128 f., 139 Telephone, 130 ff.


War, Civil, 243 ff.


Water-mills, III ff.


Water ways, 129 ff., 141


Wells, 215 f., 217 ff.


Wheat, 64, 85


Woodward, Lieut. Thos. J., 245 Woods, mold, 54


Columbia University


FACULTY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE


Nicholas Murray Butler, LL.D., President. Munroe Smith, L L.D., Professor of Roman Law and Comparative Jurisprudence. E. R. A. Seligman, LL.D., Profes- sor of Political Economy and Finance. H. L. Osgood, LL.D., Professor of History. W. A. Dunning, LL.D., Professor of History and Political Philosophy. J. B. Moore, LL.D., Professor of International Law. F. H. Giddings, LL.D., Professor of Sociology. J. B. Clark, LL.D., Professor of Political Economy. J. H. Robinson, Ph.D., Professor of History. H. R. Seager, Ph.D., Professor of Political Economy. H. L. Moore, Ph.D., Professor of Political Economy. W. R. Shepherd, Ph.D., Professor of History. J. T. Shotwell, Ph.D., Professor of History. G. W. Botsford, Ph.D., Professor of History. V. G. Simkhovitch, Ph.D., Professor of Economic History. E. T. Devine, LL.D., Professor of Social Economy. H. Johnson, Ph.D., Professor of History. S. McC. Lind- say, LL.D., Professor of Social Legislation. C. A. Beard, Ph.D., Professor of Politics. W. D. Guthrie, A.M., Professor of Constitutional Law. H. R. Mussey, Ph.D., Asso- ciate Professor of Economics. C. H. Hayes, Ph.D., Associate Professor of History. A. A. Tenney, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Sociology. E. M. Sait, Ph.D., Assistant Pro- fessor of Public Law. R. L. Schuyler, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of History. R. E. Chaddock, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Statistics. T. R. Powell, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Constitutional Law. D. S. Muzzey, Ph.D., Associate Professor of History. W. C. Mitchell, Ph.D., Professor of Economics. E. C. Stowell, D. en D., Associate Professor of International Law. H. L. McBain, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Municipal Science. B. F. Kendrick, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of History. C. D. Hazen, Ph.D., Professor of History.


SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION GROUP I. HISTORY AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY.


Subject A. Ancient and Oriental History, twenty-two courses. Subject B. Mediaval History, twenty-four courses. Subject C. Modern European History, twenty-five courses. Subject D. American History, twenty courses. Subject E. History of Thought and Culture, forty courses. Courses in Church History given at the Union Seminary are open to the students of the School of Political Science.


GROUP II. PUBLIC LAW AND COMPARATIVE JURISPRUDENCE.


Subject A. Politics, seventeen courses. Subject B. Constitutional and Administrative Law, eight courses. Subject C. International Law, nine courses. Subject D. Roman Law and Comparative Jurisprudence, five courses. Courses in Law given in the Colum- bia Law School are open to the students of the School of Political Science.


GROUP III. ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE.


Subject A. Political Economy and Finance, twenty-three courses. Applied Eco- nomics, eight courses. Subject B. Sociology and Statistics, twenty-six courses. Sub- ject C. Social Economy, fifteen courses. Courses in Social Economy given in the School of Philanthropy are open to students in the School of Political Science.


The greater number of the courses consist of lectures; a smaller number take the form of research under the direction of a professor. The degrees of A.M. and Ph.D. are given to students who fulfil the requirements prescribed. (For particulars, see Columbia University Bulletins of Information, Faculty of Political Science.) Any person not a candidate for a degree may attend any of the courses at any time by payment of a propor- tional fee. Ten or more Cutting fellowships of $1000 each or more, four University fellowships of $650 each, two or three Gilder fellowships of $650-$800 each, the Schiff fellowship of $600, the Curtis fellowship of $600, the Garth fellowship of $650, and a number of University scholarships of $150 each are awarded to applicants who give evidence of special fitness to pursue advanced studies. Several prizes of from $50 to $250 are awarded. The library contains over 600,000 volumes and students have access to other great collections in the city.


Johns Hopkins University Studies


in Historical and Political Science


Studies in American Trade Unionism, by members of the Economic Seminary of the Johns Hopkins University, have been published as follows: The Finances of American Trade Unions. By A. M. SAKOLSKI. Series XXIV (1906), Nos. 3-4. Paper, 75 cents.


National Labor Federations in the United States. By WILLIAM KIRK. Series XXIV (1906), Nos. 9-10. Paper, 75 cents.


Apprenticeship in American Trade Unions. By J. M. MOTLEY. Series XXV (1907), Nos. II-12. Paper, 50 cents.


Beneficiary Features of American Trade Unions. By J. B. KENNEDY. Series XXVI (1908), Nos. II-12. Paper, 50 cents.


The Trade-Union Label. By E. R. SPEDDEN. Series XXVIII (1910), No. 2. Paper, 50 cents; cloth, 75 cents.


The Closed Shop in American Trade Unions. By F. T. STOCKTON. Series XXIX (19II), No. 3. Paper, $1.00; cloth, $1.25.


The Standard Rate in American Trade Unions. By D. A. MCCABE. Series XXX (1912), No. 2. Paper, $1.25; cloth, $1.50.


Admission to American Trade Unions. By F. E. WOLFE. Series XXX (1912), No. 3. Paper, $1.00; cloth, $1.25.


The Government of American Trade Unions. By T. W. GLOCKER. Series XXXI (1913), No. 2. Paper, $1.00; cloth, $1.25.


Jurisdiction in American Building Trades Unions. By N. R. WHITNEY. Series XXXII (1914), No. I. Paper, $1.00; cloth, $1.25.


The Helper and American Trade Unions. By JOHN H. ASHWORTH. Series XXXIII (1915), No. 3. Paper, 75 cents; cloth, $1.00.


The Boycott in American Trade Unions. By LEO WOLMAN. Series XXXIV (1916), No. I. Paper, $1.00; cloth, $1.25.


The Control of Strikes in American Trade Unions. By G. M. JANES. Series XXXIV (1916), No. 3. Paper, 75 cents; cloth, $1.00.


The Organizability of Labor. By W. O. WEYFORTH, JR. Series XXXV (1917), No. 2. Paper, $1.50; cloth, $1.75.


Bibliography of American Trade-Union Publications. Edited by GEORGE E. BARNETT. Second edition. The Johns Hopkins Press, 1907. Paper, 75 cents.


Subscriptions and orders for single monographs should be sent to


THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, Baltimore, Md.


Columbia University Press Publications


OUR CHIEF MAGISTRATE AND HIS POWERS. By WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT, Twenty seventh President of the United States. Pp. vii + 165.


CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED STATES. By WOODROW WILSON, LL.D., President of the United States. Pp. vii + 236.


THE BUSINESS OF CONGRESS. By SAMUEL W. MCCALL, late Member of Congress from Massachusetts. Pp. vii + 215.


THE COST OF OUR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT. By HENRY JONES FORD, Professor of Politics in Princeton University. Pp. xv +- 147.


POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT. By ALBERT SHAW, LL.D., Editor of the Review of Reviews. Pp. vii + 268.


THE PRINCIPLES OF POLITICS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE AMERICAN CITIZEN. By JEREMIAH W. JENKS, LL.D., Professor of Gov- ernment and Public Administration in New York University. Pp. xviii + 187.


WORLD ORGANIZATION AS AFFECTED BY THE NATURE OF THE MODERN STATE. By DAVID JAYNE HILL, LL.D., late American Ambas- sador to Germany. Pp. ix + 214.


THE NATURE AND SOURCES OF THE LAW. By JOHN CHIPMAN GRAY, LL.D., Royall Professor of Law in Harvard University. Pp. xii + 332.


THE GENIUS OF THE COMMON LAW. By the Right Honorable Sir FRED- ERICK POLLOCK, Bart., D.C.L., LL.D. Pp. vii+ 141.


THOMAS JEFFERSON. His Permanent Influence on American Institutions. By JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, U. S. Senator from Mississippi. Pp. ix + 330. THE MECHANICS OF LAW MAKING. By COURTENAY ILBERT, G. C. B., Clerk of the House of Commons. Pp. viii + 209.


LAW AND ITS ADMINISTRATION. By HARLAN F. STONE, LL.D., Dean of the School of Law, Columbia University. Pp. vii +- 232.


Uniformly bound, 12mo, cloth. Each, $1.50 net.


THE LAW AND THE PRACTICE OF MUNICIPAL HOME RULE. By How- ARD LEE McBAIN, Associate Professor of Municipal Science and Administration in Columbia University. 8vo, cloth, pp. xviii + 724. Price, $5.00 net.


STUDIES IN SOUTHERN HISTORY AND POLITICS. Inscribed to William Archibald Dunning, Lieber Professor of History and Political Philosophy in Columbia University by his former pupils, the authors. A collection of fifteen essays. 8vo, cloth, pp. viii + 294. $2.50 net.




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