Hill's Charlotte (Mecklenburg County, N.C.) City Directory [1955], Part 2

Author: Hill Directory Company.
Publication date: 1955
Publisher: Hill Directory Co.
Number of Pages: 1572


USA > North Carolina > Mecklenburg County > Charlotte > Hill's Charlotte (Mecklenburg County, N.C.) City Directory [1955] > Part 2


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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North Carolina State Automobile Assn Inc (NAA)


118 11 276 48 31 141


Parcel Delivery Co Inc


Page 27 259


137 234 168


176 91 248 239


Left bottom lines and 201 80 61 81 130 85 177 260 157 90 100 135


right top cards and right top cards and right bottom cards and


121 121 81 201 196


left side lines and 141 61 145 280


203 161 82


204 275 28


DX


INDEX TO ADVERTISERS


Phillips Eddie D Plumbing Co . Pied Piper Exterminating Co Inc .


217


Piedmont Mountain Freight Lines Inc Pitts H T . Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co


left si le lines and 259 276 204 184 ines and 186 . 217 182


Plaza Paint, Glass & Tile Co Porter H F Plumbing Co . Pound & Moore Co .


. left side lines and right top lines and right bottom cards and


Power Brake Co Inc .


28


Precision Gear & Machine Co


. 222


Price A Z & Associates Inc .


right top cards and


Pyramid Life Insurance Co .


left side lines and


Queen City Coach Co


right side lines and


Radio Station W G I V


right side lines and


Ranson W E Jr


right side lines and


Reese's Antique Shops


left side lines and


Reid Electric Co


Reid's Service .


Rhodes William Co


right bottom cards and


Rhyne's Drug Store


right bottom cards and


Robinson Harry C Insurance Agency


left bottom cards and


157 29


Robinson's Bob Auto Service .


Ross Supply Co Inc.


insert at name in Alphabetical Section


Ross & Witmer Inc


Left bottom lines, 6 and


7


Routh Sarah R, RN


Rowe James B .


right top cards and


Royal Coal & Coke Co .


Rutherford Freight Lines Inc


tabbed insert at Numerical Telephone Section


Scoggins Memorial Art Shops


left bottom lines and


96 278


Security Bonded Warehouses


left top lines and


104


Selwyn Hotel The


left side lines and


Sherrill Construction Co


Shore Financing & Mortgage Co Inc


Shuman- York Co .


left bottom cards and


Smith Haviland Commercial Photographer


Smith Holly Camera Shop .


Smith Johnson C University


Smith Tile & Marble Co .


Smith's Transfer Corp.


Smyth Norman A Co .


Snapp's Hardware & Variety Store


Snyder M R Co .


Southeastern Construction Co


45, 109 and 208


Southern Bearings & Parts Co


right side lines and


108


Southern Construction Co Inc


left top cards, 54, 55 and


Southern Flight Service Inc .


right side lines and


Southern Pest Control Co


Southern Remodeling Co .


Southland Life Insurance Co


left top lines and


Spangler C D Construction Co Inc


Spangler Realty Co


Speir & Co Inc


back cover, left top cards, 173 and


Standard Ice & Fuel Co


left bottom lines and


Standard Plumbing & Heating Co


.


Sterling Drug Stores Inc


ight bottom lines and


Stockton Motor Co


left side lines and


Strawn C V & Son .


right top cards and


73


Suburban Rulane Gas Co


left top lines and right top cards and


Suburban T V Service


Sunset Awning Co .


Sutker Nathan Agency


right bottom cards and


Swinson Food Products


top stencil and


116


Tate-Brown Co Inc


62 88 B


Telephone Answering Service Inc


right top lines, 257 and


50


Templeton J C .


left top cards and backbone, right side lines and


235


Thies Realty & Mortgage Co


Thomas C L C Co .


235


UCKING CO 12


ACE TV & RADIO SERVICE


CONCRETE DICH A.


Sanitary Plumbing Co


right top lines and 171


Sears, Roebuck and Co . .


Sedgefield Cleaners


142


Shaw Victor Co .


262 84 159 8


Left side lines, 236 and A left side lines and 59 66 right top cards and 261 273 85 135 164 82


Souther land Blue Print Co .


Southern Engineering Co


83 X 35 113 205 238 155


Spangler Chinchilla Ranch Inc


60 83 232 155


Speir N G Inc.


Standard Trucking Co .


229 64 218 275 101 29 126


Stratford House


133 258 36 156 253


Suttle Swimming Pool & Amusement Park


Taylor H L .


Page


HOKE LUMBER CO


137 150 A 223 215 10


109 119 9 100 125


Roberts Furniture Inc


109 154 65 177


Southern Flooring & Acoustical Co


X


INDEX TO ADVERTISERS


Page


Thomas-Cadillac-Oldsmobile Inc


Thomas Electric Co .


right side lines and 21 107


Thomas Jenks J . .


Thompson Antique Co


Thompson Cleaners .


Thompson Poultry Co


Todd's Flowers Inc .


Toll House Motel


right bottom cards and


Tolson John S .


right top cards and


Torrence Chas A .


left top lines, 46 and


Trailmobile Inc .


Transportation Supply Corp


left side lines and


Tryon Realty Co


right top cards and


Tubel Ben G .


Tucker-Kirby Co


50 and


Turner Bros Agency


Union National Bank The


left side lines and front cover, right top lines and


Upchurch C W & Co Inc


right top lines and


WBT-WBTV .


WMP Industries Inc


Waddell J R & Sons Inc


Walke Henry Co The .


ght side lines and


Walter & Barrett Real Estate


Ward's Furniture & Appliance Co Inc


Washburn Printing Co .


right side lines and


Weathers Furniture Co Inc


right top lines and


Weldone Welding Associates


Westside Auto Parts Inc .


279 31


Westside Ice & Fuel Co


Westside Soda Grill .


Wheeler R Marret Co


White Plumbing Co


Wilkinson James W


Williams Auto Service


Williams Kermit D .


Williamson Edwin A .


right top cards and insert at Contractors in Classified Section


Wilson Geo N Agency


Wilson Upholstering Co


Woodlawn Furniture Inc


Woods Frank Inc . .


left top cards and


Woodward-Warren Refrigeration Co Inc


right bottom lines and


Yandell Motor Sales


Yellow Cab Co Inc .


Young Construction Co


Young Motor Co .


Left bottom cards and


Younts Realty & Insurance Corp


· left top lines and right bottom lines and 256 84 25 234


132 75 236 278 128 24 236 30


ight top cards and


66 and 142 247 85 218 156


Wearn Lumber Co The


right bottom lines and


United Select Foods Inc .


Vinson Realty Co Inc


front cover and


C 174 199 208 276 22 230 254 120 235 43 117 23 235 224 280 74 143 233 131 223 169 127


202 11 103 221


CHARLOTTE "QUEEN CITY OF THE SOUTH"


(Courtesy Charlotte Chamber of Commerce, Inc.)


LOCATION


Charlotte, chief city of the Carolinas, dominates a rich, undulating plateau between the Appalachian Moun- tains and the Atlantic coastal plain. The city is the geo- graphic center of a young, rapidly-expanding market. It is 624 miles southwest of New York; 266 miles northeast of Atlanta; 745 miles southeast of Chicago; 393 miles southwest of Washington; 160 miles from the Atlantic Ocean; and far south of knee-deep snow. Charlotteis ac- cessible from every directionby every known conveyance


except an ocean-going ship. It is 779 feet above the sea, in latitude 35 degrees 14 minutes n. , longitude 80 degrees 50 minutes w.


CLIMATE


Charlotte winters are seldom uncomfortable and never as severe asthose experienced in the Northern and West - ern states. Summers are warm, but rarely uncomfortable. The average annual temperature is 60.2 degrees, with a seasonal variation of 36.5 degrees from 42. 3 degrees


EET


LE


EEE


E


HIHH


Tryon Street


TRUCKING C3, 18


CONCRETE DIANE


ACE TV & RADIO SERVICE


HOKE LUMBER CO ..


XII


INTRODUCTION


in January to 78. 8 degrees in July. Pleasant, mild tem - peratures are enjoyed for more than six months of the year-59.7 degrees in spring, 61.3 degrees in fall. Aver- age winter temperature is 43. degrees; summer, 77 de- grees. The frost -free season spans midyearfrom March to November, averaging 237 days. Other data: Annual rainfall averages 46. 05 inches. Morning humidity aver- ages 78 per cent; noon, 57 per cent, and evening, 64 per cent.


POPULATION


Charlotte, with a 1954 estimated population of 150,000 is by far the largest city inthe two Carolinas, and Meck- lenburg County, witha 1954 estimated population of 219, - 000, is the most populous county. Other significant census figures for Charlotte are: 1850, 1,065; 1900, 18,091; 1920, 46,338; 1940, 100, 899; 1950, 134, 042. The females have a slight majority of 51. 8 per cent. The white races accounts for 72 per cent. Lessthan 1 per cent is foreign- born. The population of the retail trading area (60-mile radius) exceeds 1,500, 000; the wholesale trading area (150-mile radius) has a booming 4, 500, 000 consumers.


GOVERNMENT


Charlotte is governed by a popularly-elected mayor and seven councilmen. A city manager, appointed at the pleasure of the council, is the administrative head of the city government. The City Hallisa handsome three-story building of neo-classic design which was erected in the early 1920's on a site six blocks from the center of the city. Public services include excellent schools, an ex- pertly-manned police department, a modern fire depart- ment, extensive water and sewerage facilities, health and welfare departments, and many others.


Mecklenburg County, of which Charlotte is the seat, is governed by a board of county commissioners. The chairman of this board is the chief administrative officer of the county. Historic Mecklenburg, the wealthiest county in the state, has a fine school system and an efficient rural policeforce, and provides its citizens with superior public services. The Mecklenburg County Court House, situated adjacent to the City Hall, is an imposing building with stately columns of neo-classic design. Like the City Hall, it has become one of Charlotte's showplaces.


TAXES


The City and County in 1954 assessed ad valorem taxes on all real and tangible property at the following rates per $100 valuation: City, $1.65; County, 91¢. In actual practice property valuations are well below true values. Only minor occupational licenses are required by the City. North Carolina income tax is assessed at a rate of 3 per cent for the first $2, 000 net income; 4 per cent on the next $2, 000; 5 per cent on the next $2, 000; 6 per cent on the next $4, 000; and 7 per cent on all over $10, 000. Corporations are taxed 6 per cent of their tax- able net incomes. Liberal exemptions are allowed for both individuals and corporations.


COMMERCE


With almost 2,000, 000 people living within easy motoring distance of Charlotte, the City has become one of the 25 greatest markets inthe nation. The retail sales volume now exceeds $261, 722, 000 annually. Over 3, 800 retail establishments offer consumers almost every con- ceivable product. Downtown streets are lined with modern, well-appointed stores which through attractive merchan- dising, draw people from all sections of the Piedmont. The total business volume of the Charlotte market exceeds $2, 484, 000, 000 annually, and the city's per-family buy - ing power is tops for the Carolinas.


Charlotte, strategically located in the center of the. Southeast, is rapidly becoming Dixie's leading distributor. Hundreds of trucks, operated by over 100 different truck lines and four railroads moving an average of 290 car- loads a day, shuttle goods in and out of this vast Dixie warehouse. Accordingtothe Blue Book Southern Progress


in 1953, wholesale sales in Charlotte came to a whopping $1,300, 000, 000. This volume of wholesale distribution outstrips such larger cities as Birmingham, Richmond, Nashville and Jacksonville.


Wholesale distribution from Charlotte has grown so tremendously in recent years because the city is well sit - uated to servethe growing Southern market and has supe- rior transportation facilities. More than 500 national companies have established offices or warehouses in the city.


Charlotte is far and away the financial giant of the Carolinas. The city's eight large commercial banks clear- ed $6,445, 761,418 in checks during 1953. Total resources of these banks are $694,445, 940. One of Charlotte's many investment banking concerns is ranked as the ninth largest in the country, which is a reflection of the financial ac- tivity of the city. Charlotte also has a branch of the Federal Reserve Bank.


INDUSTRY


Charlotte is the geographical center of the vast Sou- thern textile industry which has its heaviest concentration in the Piedmont Carolinas, where two-thirds of all the looms and spindles in the South are located. Although there are 60 textile mills in the immediate vicinity. Char- lotte, unlike many Southern cities, is not completely de- pendent upon textiles. Machinery, chemicals, food prod- ucts, furniture, clothing, printing, building materials, all are major products of Charlotte's balanced economy.


Charlotte's 500 manufacturers employ more than 21, - 000 persons, many of whom have developed great skill in the technological processes of modern industry. In addi- tion, there is a sizable reserve of manpower on the many farms of the surrounding area available to supplement the present labor force. Native-born Americans comprise 99 per cent of the entire labor force. Charlotte always has enjoyed excellent labor-management relations and has never had a major work stoppage.


Charlotte offers manufacturers many advantages which have contributed to the rapid expansion of industry in this area. Some of the advantages are: (1) Reserve of skilled and unskilled labor. (2) Superior rail and trucking facilities. (3) Excellent communication facilities. (4) Ex- tensive power and water supplies. (5) Excellent plant sites and buildings. (6) Pleasant, mild climate. (7) A friendly, progressive community. (8) Central location in the Southeast.


Although the expansion of manufacturing in the Char- lotte region has been substantial, agriculture is still the basic industry of Mecklenburg County. Mecklenburg's fine farms and dairies support nearly 16,000 farmers and farm hands. Principal products are corn, cotton, grain, vegetables, poultry and dairy products.


UTILITIES


Charlotte is headquarters for the Duke Power Co., which supplies electrical power throughout the Piedmont Carolinas. The vast Duke Power system has twelve major hydro-electric plants with a total rated installed capacity of 497,200 kilowatts and eight steam plants with a capac- ity of 1, 695, 400 kilowatts. Total rated installed capacity is 2,192, 400 kilowatts. Duke Power's forward-looking policies, as evidenced by a post-war expansion program of over $200,000, 000, have played a vital part in the industrialization of the Piedmont.


Natural Gas from Texas and Louisiana gas fields is distributed in Charlotte and the Carolinas by the Pied- mont Natural Gas Co., with headquarters in Charlotte.


The City of Charlotte has invested an estimated $18, - 000,000 in its water facilities. The present rated capacity of the system is 25, 000, 000 gallons per day; additional treatment and distribution system facilities are under de- sign. The city was the first in the Southeast to introduce fluorine into its water as a means of reducing tooth decay. The fluorination program, which was begun April 1, 1949,


XIII


INTRODUCTION


TIPO IN


FFFFFFFFPF-


Central Business District


will be particularly beneficial to future generations of Charlotte citizens.


TRANSPORTATION


Charlotte is the transportation center of the Caro- linas. Four railroads operate 18 passenger trains and haul anaverage of 290 carloads of freight every day; four air lines operate 54 scheduled flights a day from Char - lotte's modern, new, $1,329, 000 terminal; five bus com - panies schedule over 439 regular departures each day; and over 100 truck lines haul thousands of tons of goods to points throughout the South and East. Railroads with lines into Charlotte are: Southern, Piedmont & Northern, Sea- board, and Norfolk-Southern. Air lines are: Eastern, Capital, Piedmont and Southern. Bus companies are: Queen City Coach, Carolina Scenic Stages, Carolina Coach, Carolina Transit Lines, Greyhound, and Sharon Coach Company.


COMMUNICATIONS


The Southern Bell Telephone Co. has 75, 688 tele- phones in Charlotte. The company has calculated that the city will have a population of 237,000 by 1966, and is rap- idly expanding facilities on this assumption. Southern Bell's state headquarters are located in Charlotte. The city also is a relay point in the vast Western Union sys- tem, and processes telegrams for the cities throughout the region.


EDUCATION


Charlotte's excellent public school system embraces 43 schools with an enrollment of 26, 096. The Mecklen- burg County system has 35 schools with an enrollment of 16,589. Both systems are now undergoing large expansion programs. Colleges located in and near Charlotte are: Queens College, enrollment -- 662, Charlotte College, en- rollment -- 771, Johnson C. Smith University, Negro co- educational, enrollment -- 726, Carver College (Negro), enrollment-110, Davidson College (in Davidson, N. C., 20 miles north), enrollment -- 824. In addition to these, Charlotte has many fine business schools. Among these are Burton Institute, Kings Business College, National School of Commerce, Carolina Business School, Compto- meter School and Dora Ellis Business School.


MEDICAL FACILITIES


Charlotte has four excellent general hospitals with a combined total of 1,162 beds, and several special hospitals with 325 beds. The city has over 250 doctors, of which more than 125 are certified specialists. Because of these facilities and the availability of such a large number of specialists, Charlotte has become a medical center of considerable importance. The general hospitals are Char- lotte Memorial, Presbyterian, Mercy (Catholic) and Good Samaritan (Negro).


HOKE LUMBER CO


CONCRETE DIARA


ACE TV & RADIO SERVICE


WWWUCKING CO


XIV


INTRODUCTION


Charlotte Memorial Hospital


NEWSPAPERS AND RADIO STATIONS


Charlotte has two widely-circulated, daily news- papers. These are The Charlotte Observer (published mornings, circulation 138, 000, Sunday 146, 000) and The Charlotte News (published evenings except Sunday, cir- culation in excess of 70, 000). There are six radio sta- tions broadcasting programs of all major networks. These stations are: WBT (AM and FM, CBS); WSOC (AM and FM, NBC); WAYS (AM and FM, ABC); WGIV (AM, in- dependent); WIST (FM, Mutual and Dixie FM); WMIT (FM).


TELEVISION


WBTV, the Carolina's first television station, began operations in July 1949 and added facilities for color cast - ing in August, 1954. Charlotte's second TV station, WAYS-TV, began operations the latter part of 1953. A third commercial TV channel has been allocated to Char- lotte for future activation and an educational channel has also been reserved for the city.


RECREATION


Charlotte's broad community program includes near- ly every conceivable sport and form of recreation. There are 31 parks and playgrounds, 34 motion picture theaters, 8 golf courses (5 public), private swimming pools, Mu- nicipal Pool, the Little Theatre, a modern sports arena, and four modern community centers. Professional base- ball and college and high school football are enjoyed by Charlotte citizens. A $4, 000, 000 Auditorium-Coliseum, just completed, will be the scene of operas, concerts and Broadway plays.


TRAVELERS' ACCOMMODATIONS


Charlotte has six principal hotels with 1, 250 rooms, and a number of smaller hotels. In addition, there are numerous first-class motor courts and tourist homes convenient to the motoring public. The largest hotels are: Hotel Barringer, Hotel Charlotte, Selwyn Hotel, May - fair Hotel, Mecklenburg Hotel and Clayton Hotel.


CHARLOTTE'S GROWTH


Population


1950 U. S. Census 134,042


1954 estimate. 150,000


Bank Resources


1953 $694, 445, 940. 59


Bank Deposits


1953


$629,042,640.92


Bank Clearings


1953 $6, 445, 761, 418.38


Federal Reserve Bank


1 952 43,391, 000 checks valued at $17, 032, 590, 000 1953 . 45,865, 000 checks valued at $17, 852, 178, 000


Carloadings


Inbound


1953


72,449


Outbound


1953


25,701


Real Estate Taxable Value


1952 (City and County) $330,425, 640. 00 1953 (City and County) $469,075, 085.00


Charlotte's Post Office Receipts


1 953 $3,915,011.83


XV


INTRODUCTION


Charlotte City Hall


Mecklenburg County Courthouse


RUCK NG C


CONCRETE NAM


ACE TV & RADIO SERVICE


HOKE LUMBER CO


XVI


INTRODUCTION


Telephones


Dec. 31, 1953 72,696


Value Building Permits


1953


$30, 937, 384


Vital Statistics


Births


1953


6,209


Deaths


1953.


1,366


STATISTICAL REVIEW


Form of Government -Council-manager. Area-31 square miles.


Climate -Mean annual temperature, 60.2 degrees F. ; average annual rainfall, 46. 05 inches.


Altitude-779 feet above sea level.


Parks -- 31, including playgrounds.


Financial Data-8 banks of all types, with total re- sources of $694, 445, 940.59 (1953). Branch of Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond located here. 4 building and loan associations.


Postal Receipts -- $3, 915, 011. 83 (1953). Telephones in Use-75, 688.


Churches-265, representing 26 denominations.


Building and Construction-Value of building permits, $30, 937, 384 (1953).


Industry -- Chief industry of city and surrounding terri- tory: Textiles, food processing, machinery and metal products, chemicals, furniture and wood products.


Trade Area -- Retail area has radius of 60 miles, and population of 1,500, 000; wholesale area, radius of 150 miles, and population of 4, 500, 000. 3, 000 retail stores with annual sales of over $261, 722, 000.


Newspapers-2 daily, 1 Sunday and 2 weekly. Radio Stations -- 6 (AM and FM); also 2 TV.


Hotels-6 principal, with total of 1, 250 rooms.


Railroads -- 4: Southern, Seaboard Air Line, Norfolk- Southern and Piedmont & Northern.


Highways-U. S. 29, 21 and 74; State 16, 27 and 49. Airports -- 3 privately-owned; 1 municipal, 5 miles from center of city.


Amusements -- Auditorium -Coliseum seating capacity; 12, 500. Total seating capacity of theatres, 7, 500. 8 golf courses in city and suburbs, including several municipal courses.


Hospitals-4 large hospitals and several small ones, with total of 1,162 beds.


Education-Queens College; Johnson C. Smith Univer - sity (for colored). 43 public schools, including 2 senior high and 4 junior high. 1 parochial school. Number of pupils in public schools, 26, 096; in parochial, 706.


Public Libraries-11 including branches, with total of 200, 000 volumes. 400 educational films; also slides and film strips, and phonograph records.


CHARLOTTE HISTORY


When the first settlers-Scotch-Irish, English, Ger- mans, Huguenots-penetrated into the southern Piedmont section of North Carolina they found deer and bear, wolves and Catawba Indians in awesome numbers. But, undis- mayed, the settlers went about the job of making homes for themselves.


Tiny Charlotte, only 360 acres of Mecklenburg County soil, was incorporated in November, 1768. Six years later the settlement becamethe county seat and organized a regular town government. Although Charlottetown could boast only a handful of settlers, its spirited defiance of


the British was known from St. Augustine to Plymouth Rock. On May 20, 1775, Charlotte patriots signed the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, a document which, though not generally acted upon until a year later, laid the foundations of the American Declaration of Inde - pendence on July 4, 1776.


Charlotte played a spunky and effective part in the conflict which followed. British General Cornwallis, who was in the town for awhile, called the place "a damned hornet's nest" of rebellion. That reputation has been per- petuated in the city seal.


During the days following the war, Charlotte began to show promise; even so, thetown was stilla mere upstart inthe wilderness. Wilmington, New Bern, Raleigh, Eden- ton, were far larger. Even by 1850 Charlotte could count only 1, 065 heads.


After surviving the rigors of the Civil War and recon- struction, Charlotte began anew its ascendancy as the chief city of the Carolinas. Each Federal Census in the years which followed foretold Charlotte's destiny. Today its top position in the Carolinas is undisputed.


CALENDAR OF HISTORICAL DATES


1748 First Permanent settlers in Mecklenburg County.


1749 Earliest land grants from the Crown.


1750 Trade 'routes with Charleston, S. C., established over Indian trails.


1754 Meeting of King Hagler, chief of Catawba tribe, and commissioners appointed by the governor to es- tablish amicable relations between Indians and settlers.


1762 Mecklenburg County created.


1 766 Log court house built.


1767 March 15. Birth of Andrew Jackson in the south - eastern section of Mecklenburg County, now Union County.


Thomas Polk's sawmill and grist-mill begins Operation.


1768 Charlotte is incorporated. County divided; upper half becomes Tryon County.


1771 Presbyterian ministers perform marriages, a priv- ilege theretofore restricted to ministers of the Established Church and justices of the peace. 1774 Charlotte made county -seat. Population, 200.


Queen's Museum becomes successor of Queen's College.


1775 May 1. Because of dissatisfaction with the admin- istration of Governor Josiah Martin, Thomas Polk is authorized to call a meeting of dele- gates from each district.


May 20. Assembly held inthe court house in Char- lotte.


Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence approved and read. Captain James Jack deputized to take document to Continental Congress in Philadel- phia.


May 31. Assembly reconvenes and draws up another set of resolutions, called the Resolves.


June 23. Captain Jack arrives in Philadelphia with the Declaration of Independence. Congress is preparing address to the King, repudiating de- sire for independence, so Declaration is not presented.


1776 John Phifer, Robert Irwin and John McKnitt Alex- ander; representatives of the county in Congress, instructed to declare for independence.


1777 Mecklenburg troops ordered north; engage in bat- tles of Germantown and Brandywine; spend win- ter with Washington at Valley Forge.


1780 Sept. 26. Battle of Charlotte; Cornwallis occupies town.


Oct. 3. McIntyre Farm skirmish (Battle of the Bees).


Oct. 7. British Colonel Patrick Ferguson killed at Battle of Kings Mountain and his force defeated. Oct. 12. Cornwallis withdraws from Charlotte, referring to the place as a "hornet's nest. "




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