USA > North Carolina > Durham County > Durham > Hill's Durham (Durham County, N.C.) City Directory [1942] > Part 2
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During all this time there were no banks in the town, practically all the banking be- ing transacted in Raleigh, and on days of big sales at the tobacco warehouses it was necessary to obtain cash from the merchants in order to pay the farmer for his product. Such inconveniences could not long continue, and soon two banks were established,
View of Main Street, Looking East
14
INTRODUCTION
The next step in the industrial and commercial history of the town was the bringing in of additional railway lines. By the co-operation of manufacturers, merchants, and the city and county governments, the Seaboard Air Line Railway, the Southern Railway, and the Norfolk & Western Railway were given access to this market. Later the Norfolk Southern Railroad and the Durham & Southern Railway were added to the railway lines serving the city, giving a total of five railway companies with seven lines radiating in every direction,
Durham had now grown into a very prosperous and thriving community, but its citizenship was not satisfied with having purely a commercial and industrial town. The people felt the need of better schools and, in 1885, after a heated political campaign, bonds were voted for public school buildings and a tax levied for maintaining a public school system, Today Durham has one of the finest public school plants of any city of its size, with physical property valued at more than $3,442,000, and with a personnel of teachers and management that gives it first rating among the cities of North Carolina.
In 1892, Trinity College, now Duke University, was brought to Durham through the philanthropy of Mr. Washington Duke and General Julian S. Carr. Today Duke Uni- versity has a physical plant worth $20,000,000, 3,493 students, a 575-bed hospital, and ranks among the leading educational institutions of the nation.
As the tobacco industry grew and prospered, certain persons used some of their divi- dends in establishing cotton mills, and this industry soon assumed a position of import- ance in the industrial life of the city. Later hosiery mills were established, until today Durham ranks as the first city of the South in the manufacture of full-fashioned silk hosiery. Other industries were added from time to time, including flour mills, fertilizer plants, iron works, woodworking plants, printing establishments, etc., until in 1933 there were engaged in industry 13,350 wage-earners, producing $160,336,003 worth of manufac- tured products annually. These industries pay into the Federal treasury approximately $70,000,000 each year. Durham today produces 24% of all the cigarettes made in the U. S.
In 1914 a program of civic improvement was undertaken, and although it was inter- rupted by the World War, it has now reached the point where Durham has all the con- veniences of a modern city, including complete sewerage, asphalt streets, paved sidewalks, electric power, gas, the latest dial telephone service, Western Union and Postal telegraph service, American Telephone & Telegraph repeater station, insuring rapid long-distance telephone communication, a fine recreation program, and a system of water works with an impounding reservoir sufficient to care for the needs of a city of 100,000 people.
Malbourne Hotel
Any story about Durham would be incomplete without mention of the notable con- tribution which the Negro race has made to the industrial, commercial and civic develop- ment of the community. The progress the race has made here has been truly amazing. Under the leadership of E. R. Merrick, and later, C. C. Spaulding, and their associates, Durham's colored people have established industries, insurance companies, banks and other commercial businesses which would be creditable to any city. The labor which they furnish the city's industrial plants is intelligent and dependable, The high type of leaders among the colored people here has made Durham a conspicuous outpost in the advancement of Negro civilization."
15
INTRODUCTION
Duke University Stadium; Seating Capacity, 40,000
4
Part of the Main Quadrangle, Duke University, West Campus
One of the finest things about the founders of Durham is that material prosperity merely opened to them avenues of service to mankind. It has been said that more phil- anthropists have been produced in Durham than in any other city of the South. Watts Hospital, of 226 beds, was a gift to the city and county by Mr. George W. Watts. Lincoln Hospital, of 108 beds, is largely the gift of Mr. Benjamin N. Duke. Duke University is a living memorial to Mr. Washington Duke and his two sons, Benjamin N. Duke and James Buchanan Duke. Other philanthropists have remembered the city from time to time in ways that help in making Durham a good place in which to live and work.
16
INTRODUCTION
Durham is today the third city in North Carolina in point of population, having 60,195 inhabitants, and is second in industrial payrolls, and second in importance in the value of its manufactured products. It is far in the lead in its educational facilities, having an unexcelled public school system and Duke University within its corporate lim- its, and having within a radius of a few miles the University of North Carolina, Wake Forest College, Meredith College, North Carolina State College, Peace Institute and St. Mary's.
The colored people have in Durham, in addition to excellent public schools for their race, the North Carolina College for Negroes, the only college of liberal arts for Negroes supported by taxation in the state.
All these things have been accomplished by people not especially favored by nature, but who by their determination, unconquerable will, tireless effort, and by their faith in mankind and in this community, have created a city that proudly takes its position as one of the representative cities of the new South and of America.
BRIEF FACTS ABOUT DURHAM, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED
Altitude: 406 feet above sea level.
Area: 12.8 square miles. Automobiles:
Passenger cars in county January 1, 1937.
12,680
Passenger cars in county January 1, 1938. .17,000
Passenger cars in county January 1, 1939. 13,720
Passenger cars in county January 1, 1940. 14,415
Passenger cars in county January 1, 1941.
15,150
Trucks in county January 1, 1937. 3,101
Trucks in county January 1, 1938.
2,800
Trucks in county January 1, 1939.
2,865
Trucks in county January 1, 1940
3,050
Trucks in county January 1, 1941.
3,425
Banks:
1937
1938
1939 (As of June 30)
1940 (As of June 30)
1941 (As of Dec. 31)
Capital, surplus and
undivided profits
... $ 3,367,500.64
$ 3,472,190.26
$ 3,570,075.01
$ 3,579,180.41 28,243,101.89
$ 3,650,712.84
Deposits
23,545,082.49
23,483,693.01
26,856,142.06 30,541,271.76
31,987,254.75
37,215,869.75
Industrial Banks:
1937
(As of June 30)
1938 (As of June 30)
1939 (As of June 30)
1940 (As of June 30)
1941 (As of Dec. 31)
Capital, surplus and
undivided profits .. $ 467,535.51
$ 497,163.38
$ 511,010.44
$ 553,704.13
$ 577,362.69
Total resources
1,619,970.61
1,750,702.78
1,945,496.21
2,209,144.86
2,243,111.94
Deposits
1,583,812.61
1,596,600.13
Joint Stock Land Bank:
1937 (As of Aug. 31)
1938 (As of Aug. 31)
1939 (As of Aug. 31)
1940 (As of Oct. 31)
1941 (As of Dec. 31)
Capital
$ 700,000.00
$ 100,000.00
$ 700,000.00 115,615.00
641,302.00
$ 692,261.15
Undivided profits and
314,244.59
574,739.70
516,153.00
102,636.00
Total resources
7,366,420.20
6,707,419.82
5,518,052.73
4,564,217.00
2,652,732.08
Building and Loan Associations:
Year
No.
Assets
1937
4
$3,740,339.32
1938
4
3,907,506.34
1939
4
4,508,260.06
1940
4
5,044,528.59
1941
4
6,182,953.83
Building Permits:
Year
No.
Value
1937
481
$2,297,241.00
1938
481
2,939,654.00
1939
425
2,510,290.00
1940
509
1,637,033.00
1941
576
2,572,180.00
Churches: Eighty-seven churches, representing practically all denominations. Dur- ham is noted for its many beautiful church edifices.
City Incorporated: The City of Durham was incorporated by act of the General As- sembly, ratified April 10, 1869.
Civic Organizations: Rotary Club, Kiwanis Club, Lions Club, Monarch Club, Civitan Club, Exchange Club, Altrusa Club, Business & Professional Women's Club, Pilot Club, Durham Merchants' Association, Junior Chamber of Commerce, Durham Chamber of Commerce.
Climate: Equable. Annual mean summer temperature, 71.3, winter, 48.3. Sixty-two percent sunshine days. Annual rainfall, 47.19 inches. Annual snowfall, 10 inches. Pre-
vailing westerly winds.
33,325,398.33
Total resources
27,074,853.31
27,078,983.39
$ 700,000.00
Surplus
115,615.00
115,615.00
reserves
(As of June 30)
(As of June 30)
17
INTRODUCTION
-
=
Duke Hospital (For the Public) and Duke Medical School, Situated on the West Campus
Airplane View Showing East Campus, Duke University, and Part of City of Durham
Colleges:
Duke University Enrollment
1934-35
3,215
1938-39
3.552
1935-36
3,345
1939-40
3,900
1936-37
3,352
1940-41
3,716
1937-38
3,387
1941-42
3,493
University of North Carolina Enrollment
1934-35
2,905
1937-38
3.536
1938-39
3,842
1935-36
3,052
1939-40
3,890
1936-37
3,256
1940-41
4,365
18
INTRODUCTION
Both universities conduct summer schools, which are largely attended.
There is also located in Durham the North Carolina College for Negroes, the only college of liberal arts for colored people, supported by the State, in North Carolina. En- rollment for 1941-42, 776.
Convention Facilities: Hotel rooms with bath, 579; without bath, 221; total, 800. Maximum capacity of lodging accommodations, 1,374 persons; capacity in excess of or- dinary requirements, 700 persons. Assembly halls, capacity, 800; ballroom capacity, 500; twelve committee rooms, auditorium, seating capacity, 1,750; Armory Auditorium, seating capacity, 2,500.
County: Durham County was created by act of the General Assembly in 1881 from parts of Orange and Wake Counties. While Durham is not a large county, it is the cen- ter of the famous bright-leaf tobacco belt. Between 35 and 57 million pounds of tobacco are sold each year on the Durham market. Tobacco is the principal money crop, al- though cotton, corn and truck crops are also important. Dairying has increased rapidly during the past few years. The county has good roads and splendid schools and churches.
Education: Durham is recognized as being one of the leading educational centers of the South. Its colleges and university, its public school system, its schools of music and business schools are rated among the best in the South by leading educators. (See Col- leges and Schools).
Fire Protection: Durham has a well-equipped fire department, with four stations and paid personnel, giving Durham first-class insurance rating.
Government: Durham has had the council-manager form of government since May 4, 1921. It is admitted to be one of the best governed cities in the state.
Health: Durham has a well-organized board of health, with 38 employees, charged with the supervision of health conditions in the entire county. It has been remarkably successful in its work. The white resident death rate for 1941 was only 7.69 (colored resi- dent, 12.5) to the 1,000. The death rate for both races was 9.3. The birth rate for white was 17.9; for colored, 25; total, 20.3. Milk, meats, water, markets, dairies, hotels and eating places are carefully inspected.
Hospitals: Watts Hospital (public, white) is one of the finest hospitals in the South; value, $1,545.620; 226 beds; personnel of 94 physicians and 120 nurses; endowed by Mr. George W. Watts and partly supported by contributions from city and county. Lincoln Hospital (public, colored); value, $250,000; 108 beds; personnel of all physicians in Dur- ham who are in good standing, and 56 nurses; partly supported by contributions from city and county. McPherson Hospital (private-eye, ear, nose and throat) ; value, $103,- 000; 35 beds and personnel of 4 physicians, 6 nurses and 4 office girls. Duke Hospital, with 575 beds, representing an investment of more than $3,000,000, is said to be the best- equipped hospital in the world. It was opened on July 21, 1930. During 1932 the Duke Hospital Nurses' Home was completed at a cost of over $300,000.
Hotels: Durham is unusually well provided with hotel facilities. The Washington Duke is one of the finest hotels in the South, having been constructed at a cost of more than $1,750,000. It has 300 bedrooms, all with bath. The Malbourne Hotel-200-room capacity-is a fireproof hotel and newly furnished throughout. Other hotels are the Lochmoor, Durham, Central and Commercial, and the Biltmore and Jones hotels for colored people. Hotel rates, $1.00 to $5.00 per day; European plan.
Watts Hospital
Industries: Durham is the second largest industrial center in North Carolina, its output of manufactured products being valued at $160,336,002 annually (U. S. Census of Manufactures). It has large tobacco industries, manufacturing such well-known brands as Duke's Mixture and Bull Durham smoking tobaccos, and a great many brands of cigarettes, including the famous Chesterfield and Lucky Strike, and fifteen brands of Turkish cigarettes. It is the home of the Durham Hosiery Mills (manufacturers of Dur- able Durham Hosiery), and the Golden Belt Mfg. Co. (manufacturers of small bags and hosiery). There are also manufactured in Durham, Erwin and White Star sheetings and pillow cases; Virginia-Carolina fertilizers; Occoneechee, Peerless and Climax flours; blank books, corrugated boxes, wooden boxes, castings and iron products, harness and saddles, bread, ice, mattresses, brick, building materials, proprietary medicines, furniture, roofing, meat-packing products and machinery. Due to proximity to source of raw materials, cheap electric power and its transportation facilities, Durham offers unexcelled oppor- tunities for the location of industries.
19
INTRODUCTION
Durham Public Library
Location: Durham is situated in the geographical center of North Carolina, a few miles north of the center of population of the state. Its terrain is slightly rolling and is well drained.
Payrolls: The payrolls of Durham exceed $15,000,000 annually.
Population:
City of Durham
County of Durham
1890
5,485
1890
18,041
1900
6,679
1900
26,233
1910
18,241
1910
.35,276
1920
21,719
1920
42,219
1930
.52,037
1930
.67,196
1940
.60,195
1940
80,244
Post-Office Receipts:
1934
$289,607.42
1938
$345,820.70
1935
307,563.87
1939
354,936.11
1936
339,410.41
1940
351,341.15
1937
.337,110.83
1941
409,266.19
Public Utilities: Durham has public utilities furnishing bus service, gas, telephone and electric current service. These utilities compare favorably, both in cost of service and in efficiency, with those in other cities of similar size.
Public Services:
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
Electric meters
12,360
13,922
14,811
15,889
17,138
Telephones
7,200
7,897
8,670
9,761
10,954
Gas meters
2,795
2,943
3,000
3,000
2,869
Miles of paved streets
79
79
79
79
83
Miles of sidewalks
64
64
64
64
64
Miles of water mains
177.7
178
182
190
196.5
Miles of sewers
311
311
313
317
321
Number of water meters
11,828
11,100
11,635
12,027
14,000
20
INTRODUCTION
Recreation: Community recreation, under supervision of the Playground and Recrea- tion Commission, supported by public taxation. Nine public parks, containing swimming pools, tennis courts, etc., 12 city playgrounds, and several large playgrounds maintained by industrial plants for the use of employees. Two 18-hole golf courses; magnificent country club; tennis and gun club; college football, baseball, basketball, track, boxing and wrestling. The schedules of Duke University and the University of North Carolina offer Durham citizens the opportunity of seeing some of the best college teams of the East and South in action. Both these universities have magnificent stadiums, that of the Uni- versity of North Carolina seating 24,000. while the stadium of Duke University has a seating capacity of 40,000.
מס נני שלנ
View of Hope Valley Country Club
Schools: The public school system of Durham is nationally-known for its equip- ment, high scholastic standards and progressive policies. The Durham College of Com- merce, Croft Secretarial School and Kennedy's Commercial School are fully accredited class "A" institutions.
City Schools Enrollment
1936-37. 12,254
1937-38 12,046
1938-39. 12,240
1939-40 11,788
1940-41. 11,962
1941-42 .. 11,553
Number of Schools: White, 14; colored, 7. Number of teachers, 384. Value of public school plant, $3,442,000.
Duke University Chapel Tower
21
INTRODUCTION
DIRHAM COUNTY COURT HOUSE
-
Durham County Court House
-
View of One Eleven Corcoran Street, Constructed at a Cost of $1,000,000, in the Heart of Durham's Business District
22
INTRODUCTION
Social Agencies: Young Men's Christian Association, Young Women's Christian As- sociation, Salvation Army, Red Cross, King's Daughters, Board of Charities and Public Welfare, Wright Refuge for Children, Junior League, Council of Social Agencies, Associa- tion for the Blind, Family Service Association, Council of Social Agencies, and Duke Legal Aid Clinic.
Streets: Durham is today one of the best paved cities in the state. The white-way lighting system in the business district is admitted to be one of the best in the South.
Taxes and Valuation: In 1941 the city of Durham had an assessed valuation of $89,747,044, with a city tax rate of $1.55 on the $100. Property assessed on 75% of true value. The county of Durham had an assessed valuation of $133,915,673 and a county tax rate of 60c. Property assessed on 75% of true value. No property tax is levied by the State.
Theatres: 5 motion-picture theatres for white, and two for colored. Total seating capacity, 5,490.
Transportation: Durham has five lines of railroad, radiating in seven directions. It has two lines of the Southern Railway, the Seaboard Air Line Railway, the Norfolk & Western Railway, the Durham & Southern Railway, and the Norfolk Southern Railroad. These railroads afford unusually good freight facilities. Durham is on the National High- way and the Central Highway, the principal routes between the North and South and between the East and West. Excellent bus service is maintained between Durham and Raleigh, Henderson, Oxford, Roxboro, Greensboro, Chapel Hill, Pittsboro, Siler City and Danville, Va.
Water: Durham has an ample supply of pure water. An impounding reservoir com- pleted in 1926 stores 4,600,000,000 gallons, which, if used for no other purpose, would, at the present rate of consumption, supply the demand for a period of two years. There is no longer any danger of a water shortage. The water is excellent for domestic uses and is soft and free from iron, making it very desirable for industrial purposes.
CITY
CITY GIRI TA
65 DANF
your City Directory -Grows with the City
24
ABBREVIATIONS
acct accountant
addresso
addressograph
adv
. advertising
agrl agricultural
agt agent
al alley
alt . alteration
Am American
appr
apprentice
apts
apartments
archt
architect
asmblr
assembler
Assn .. Association
assoc .. ...... associate asst assistant
atndt .....
attendant
attorney
. . auditor
aud
auto automobile
auto opr ... automatic operator
. avenue
. telephone
bet
between
bgemn .. baggageman bkbndr . . bookbinder frt
bkpg mach opr .....
bookkeeping machine
operator bkpr bookkeeper bldg building bldr builder
blk
block
blksmith .. blacksmith
blrmikr .. boilermaker blvd .... boulevard br .. ·branch
brklyr ... . bricklayer
brknm ...
cabtmkr cabinetmaker capt captain
carp
carpenter
cash cashier
Ch Church
chauf
chauffeur
chf
civ
civil
clk clerk
clnr
cleaner
collr collector
coml commercial
comn commission ins insurance
comnr .commissioner
compt . . comptometer
cond conductor
confr .. confectioner
cons consulting
contr contractor
cor corner
corres. . correspondent
ct
custdn .custodian
ctr
. cutter
del
dep . deputy
dept
department
dicta dictaphone
dietn .dietitian
. director dir
dispr dispatcher
dist
div division
dlr
. dealer
mech
mechanic
mechl mechanical
. merchant
Met ... Metropolitan
meter rdr ... .... meter
reader
drsmkr .. dressmaker mfg .. manufacturing
e or E .. East mfr .. manufacturer
mgr manager mimeo opr
mimeograph operator
mkr
maker
mkt
market
mldr
molder
mlnr
milliner
mn
man scb school
mono monotype se southcast
mse opr
.morse
sec
secretary
ship
shipping
sht mtl wkr .... sheet metal worker
slsmgr . . salesmanager
slsmn
salesman
slswn
saleswoman
smstrs
seamstress
soc society
solr solicitor
mut mutual spÌ special
n or N
North
sq
square
freight
Natl
National
ss ..
.. south side
sta
station
sta eng
stationary engineer
statn ..... statistician sten ... stenographer stereo .. . stereotyper stmftr .. steamfitter
str . setter
supt .. superintendent
supvr .... supervisor
surg
surgeon
SW
...
southwest
swtchmn ... switchman
tab mach opr ...
tabulating machine
operator
tchr teacher
pkwy
parkway
tech
technician
tel
telephone
teleg
telegraph
plshr
polisher
ter
terrace
plstr
plasterer
PO postoffice tndr tender
PS
Public School
inc
incorporated
pres
president
prfrdr ... proofreader
prin principal
priv sec.
... private
secretary
prod produce
junior
prof
professor
prop
proprietor
k pr
keeper
prov
provisions
prsfdr
.. press feeder
prsmn .... pressman
prsr .presser
ptrnmkr patternmaker pub .. publishing
purch purchasing
Indrs laundress r .. resides or rooms R C .. Roman Catholic
Indrymn. . laundryman 1td limited rd road
widow
worker
wkr
RD .. Rural Delivery
rcal est ... real estate
rec
. . ..
receiving
ws. .
Wks
works
.west sido
wtchmn
. watchman
ydmn
yardman
ydmstr .. yardmaster
ABBREVIATIONS OF GIVEN NAMES
Abraham Abr
Alexander
Alex
Alfred
Alf
Archibald Arch
Arthur Arth
Elizabeth Eliz
Eugene Eug
Frederick
Fredk
Patrick
Geo
James Jas
Joseph
Jos
Edward
Edw
Katherine
Kath
Margaret Margt
Michael Michl
Thomas Thos
William Wm
Patk
ret
Rev
... . retail
... ... Reverend rptr ... repeater rte mn .... route man rtg aide .. routing aide Ry Railway RyMS
Railway Mail Service
s or S
South
san
sanitary
Say
. . Savings
sergt
sergeant
msngr
messenger
mstr mech
master mechanic
mtce mn .. maintenance man
mtrmn
...
motorman
expmn
..
expressman
fcty
factory
mus
music
flgmn
flagman
fnshr
finisher
formin
foreman
forwn
forewoman
near ns ...... furn furniture furn rms gasfitter furngs .. furnishings northwest .... furnished rooms property owner ofc wkr .. office worker opp opposite
opr operator osteo
osteopath
pdlr
peddler
pharm pharmacist photog . . photographer phys physician
..
park
hdqrs . headquarters pkr packer
hdw
bardware
hlpr
. helper
pl
. place
hngr
hanger
chief hosp hospital
hsekpr .. housekeeper Hts Heights pntr
Implts implements imptr importer
inspr .. inspector instr
instructor int rev
internal revenue
jr
jwlr jeweler
laby wkr ... laboratory worker
lumber
1br
lieut
lieutenant
lino
linotype
publr
...
. publisher
litho
lithographer
dmnstr .. demonstrator do ... ditto or same mer
dom domestic
dr drive
drftsmn .. draftsman
elec .. electrical
electn .. electrician
electro .. electrotyper eley elevator embdr .. embroiderer emp · employe emp agcy
employment agency eng . engineer
engr engraver es east side
est . estate
exam .examiner
cxch
exchange
. executive
exec
exp express
ftr
.. fitter
nr
gdnr
gardener
gds
goods
genl
general
pass
passenger
govt
government
pat
. patent
grocer
gro
brakeman h householder
hairdrsr . . hairdresser
hand pk
pimbr
plumber
tmkpr
timekeeper
trans .. transportation trav traveling
treas
treasurer
twp
township
undtkr
... undertaker
undwrtr .. underwriter
uphol
... upholsterer
US .. United States USA United States Army USMC .. United States
Marine Corps USN United States Navy vet veterinary vulc vulcanizer w or W West whol wholesale whsemn . warehouseman wid
Richard
Richd
Robert
Robt
Samuel
Saml
Solomon
Sol
Stephen
Steph
Theodore
Theo
August
Aug
Benjamin Benj
10-40
Catherine
Charies
Chas
Daniel
Danl
Cath
George
rep .. representative reprmn .. repairman restr .... restaurant
laborer
court lab
delivery
district
mach .. machinist
mdse
. merchandise
gasftr
foot
ne
northeast
ft
.. north side
multi opr. . multigraph operator
operator
av
atty
...
r
.. painter tmstr teamster
25
DURHAM PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
Pure Crystal Scored Ice
PROMPT AND RELIABLE SERVICE
PHONE F-8961
HILL'S DURHAM CITY DIRECTORY 1942
Copyright, 1942, by Hill Directory Co., Inc.
The figures following names denote the number of children in the household under Directory listing age.
For List of General Abbreviations see opposite page
SPECIAL ABBREVIATIONS
DPSCo Durham Public Service Co
GBMfgCo. . . Golden Belt Manufacturing Co
GMAC ... General Motors Acceptance Corp
LKMCo . Louise Knitting Mills Co
L&MTobCo .. ... ... Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co
NCUCC .. North Carolina Unemployment Com- pensation Commission
N&WRy . Norfolk & Western Railway
RJRTobCo. R J Reynolds Tobacco Co
SBT&TCo . Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co
WPA Work Projects Administration WUTelCo Western Union Telegraph Co
Woolworth's . F W Woolworth Co
Alphabetical List of Names
A A A Lock & Key Shop (John C Wea- ver) 403 N Mangum
A A A MOTOR CLUB (Carolina Motor Club Inc), 203 E Parrish, Tel F-7881 A B C Lunch (Nick Liasides) 347 W Main
A & A Super Market (David Bergman) gros and meats 1208 Angier av
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