Hill's Durham (Durham County, N.C.) City Directory [1945-46], Part 2

Author: Hill Directory Company
Publication date: 1946
Publisher: Hill Directory Company
Number of Pages: 676


USA > North Carolina > Durham County > Durham > Hill's Durham (Durham County, N.C.) City Directory [1945-46] > Part 2


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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13


INTRODUCTION


View of City Hall


tobacco markets in Richmond and other Virginia cities, and local manufacturers had to pay the cost of transporting the tobacco from Virginia to Durham. This condition made desirable the opening of warehouses for the sale of leaf tobacco in Durham, and resulted in this city becoming one of the largest bright-leaf tobacco markets in the world, now selling from 35 to 57 million pounds each season.


During all this time there were no banks in the town, practically all the banking being transacted in Raleigh, and on days of big sales at the tobacco warehouses it was necessary to obtain cash from the merchants in order to pay the farmer for his product. Such inconveniences could not long continue, and soon two banks were established.


View of Main Street, Looking East


14


INTRODUCTION


The next step in the industrial and commercial history of the town was the bringing in of additional railway lines. By the cooperation of manufacturers, merchants, and the city and county governments, the Seaboard Air Line Railway, the Southern Railway, and the Norfolk & Western Railway were given access to this market. Later the Norfolk Southern Railroad and the Durham & Southern Railway were added to the railway lines serving the city, giving a total of five railway companies with seven lines radiating in every direction.


Durham had now grown into a very prosperous and thriving community, but its citi- zenship was not satisfied with having purely a commercial and industrial town. The peo- ple felt the need of better schools and, in 1885, after a heated political campaign, bonds were voted for public school buildings and a tax levied for maintaining a public school system. Today Durham has one of the finest public school plants of any city of its size, with physical property valued at more than $3,442,000, and with a personnel of teachers and management that gives it first rating among the cities of North Carolina.


In 1892, Trinity College, now Duke University, was brought to Durham through the philanthropy of Mr. Washington Duke and General Julian S. Carr. Today Duke Univer- sity has a physical plant worth $20,000,000, 5,011 students, a 575-bed hospital, and ranks among the leading educational institutions of the nation.


As the tobacco industry grew and prospered, certain persons used some of their divi- dends in establishing cotton mills, and this industry soon assumed a position of import- ance in the industrial life of the city. Later hosiery mills were established, until today Durham ranks as the first city of the South in the manufacture of full-fashioned hosiery. Other industries were added from time to time, including flour mills, fertilizer plants, iron works, woodworking plants, printing establishments, etc., until in a recent year there were engaged in industry over 16,000 wage-earners, producing $160,336,003 worth of manu- factured products annually. These industries pay into the Federal treasury approximately $70,000,000 each year. Durham today produces 24% of all the cigarettes made in the U. S.


In 1914 a program of civic improvement was undertaken, and although it was inter- rupted by the first World War, it has now reached the point where Durham has all the conveniences of a modern city, including complete sewerage, asphalt streets, paved side- walks, electric power, gas, the latest dial telephone service, Western Union telegraph service, American Telephone & Telegraph repeater station, insuring rapid long-distance telephone communication; a fine recreation program, and a system of water works with an impounding reservoir sufficient to care for the needs of a city of 100,000 people.


Malbourne Hotel


Any story about Durham would be incomplete without mention of the notable con- tribution which the Negro race has made to the industrial, commercial and civic develop- ment of the community. The progress the race has made here has been truly amazing. Under the leadership of E. R. Merrick, and later, C. C. Spaulding, and their associates, Durham's colored people have established industries, insurance companies, banks and other commercial businesses which would be creditable to any city. The labor which they furnish the city's industrial plants is intelligent and dependable. The high type of leaders among the colored people here has made Durham a conspicuous outpost in the advance- ment of Negro civilization.


15


INTRODUCTION


Duke University Stadium; Seating Capacity, 40,000; Scene of Rose Bowl Football Game, Jan. 1, 1942


Part of the Main Quadrangle, Duke University, West Campus


One of the finest things about the founders of Durham is that material prosperity merely opened to them avenues of service to mankind. It has been said that more philanthropists have been produced in Durham than in any other city of the South. Watts Hospital, of 226 beds, was a gift to the city and county by Mr. George W. Watts. Lincoln Hospital, of 108 beds is largely the gift of Mr. Benjamin N. Duke. Duke Univer- sity is a living memorial to Mr. Washington Duke and his two sons, Benjamin N. Duke and James Buchanan Duke. Other philanthropists have remembered the city from time to time in ways that help in making Durham a good place in which to live and work.


16


INTRODUCTION


Durham is today the third city in North Carolina in point of population, having 70,000 inhabitants, and is second in industrial payrolls, and second in importance in the value of its manufactured products. It is far in the lead in its educational facilities, having an unexcelled public school system and Duke University within its corporate limits, and . having within a radius of a few miles the University of North Carolina, Wake Forest College, Meredith College, North Carolina State College, Peace Institute and St. Mary's.


The colored people have in Durham, in addition to excellent public schools for their race, the North Carolina College for Negroes, the only college of liberal arts for Negroes supported by taxation in the state.


All these things have been accomplished by people not especially favored by nature, but who by their determination, unconquerable will, tireless effort, and by their faith in mankind and in this community, have created a city that proudly takes its position as one of the representative cities of the new South and of America.


BRIEF FACTS ABOUT DURHAM, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED


Altitude: 406 feet above sea level.


Area: 12.8 square miles.


.


Automobiles:


Passenger cars in county Jan. 1, 1940.


14,415


Passenger cars in county Jan. 1, 1941.


15,150


Passenger cars in county Jan. 1, 1942.


17,641


Trucks in county Jan. 1, 1940.


3,050


Trucks in county Jan. 1, 1941.


3,425


Trucks in county Jan. 1, 1942.


3,849


All types of vehicles in county as of Dec. 31, 1944.


16,400


Banks:


1940


1911


1942


1943


1944


Capital, surplus and


(As of June 30)


(As of Dec. 31)


(As of June 30)


(As of Dec. 31)


(As of Dec. 31)


undivided profits


$ 3,579,180.41


$ 3,650,712.84


$ 3,794,956.85


$ 4,005,860.52


$ 4,267,406.51


Deposits


28,243,101.89


33,325,398.33


39,506.899.43


55,430,832.86


65,937,059.00


Total resources


31,987,254.75


37,215,869.75


+43,485,575.78


59,682,138.90


70,450,558.39


Industrial Banks:


1940


1941


1942


1943


1944


Capital, surplus and


(As of June 30)


(As of Dec. 31)


(As of June 30)


(As of Dec. 31)


(As of Dec. 31)


undivided profits


$ 553,704.13


577,362.69


$ 587,793.38


$ 598,788.72


$ 619,515.87


Total resources


2,209,144.86


2,243,111.94


2,192,891.24


1,975,824.38


2,367,269.85


Deposits


1,583,812.61


1,596,600.13


1,494,597.48


1,310,986.19


1,707,188.99


Building and Loan Associations:


Year


No.


Assets


1940


4


$5,044,529.59


1941


4


6,182,953.83


1942


4


6,240,622.62


1943


4


6,308,779.81


1944


4


7,121,590.23


Building Permits:


Year


No.


Value


1940


509


$1,637,033


1941


576


2,572,180


1942


461


1,451,693


1943


186


456,628


1944


163


481,597


Churches: 87 churches, representing practically all denominations. Durham is noted for its many beautiful church edifices.


City Incorporated: The City of Durham was incorporated by act of the General Assembly, ratified April 10, 1869.


Civic Organizations: Rotary Club, Kiwanis Club, Lions Club, Co-operative Club, Civitan Club, Exchange Club, Altrusa Club, Business and Professional Women's Club, Pilot Club, Durham Merchants' Association, Junior Chamber of Commerce, Durham Chamber of Commerce.


Climate: Equable. Annual mean summer temperature, 71.3; winter, 48.3. 62% sunshine days. Annual rainfall, 47.19 inches. Annual snowfall, 10 inches. Prevailing westerly winds.


17


INTRODUCTION


Duke Hospital (for the Public) and Duke Medical School, Situated on the West Campus


Airplane View Showing East Campus, Duke University, and Part of City of Durham


Colleges:


Duke University Enrollment


1938-39


3,552


1941-42


3,493


1939-40


3,900


1942-43


4,000


1940-41


3,716


1943-44 5,011


Both universities conduct summer schools, which are largely attended.


There is also located in Durham the North Carolina College for Negroes, the only col-


18


INTRODUCTION


lege of liberal arts for colored people, supported by the State, in North Carolina. Enroll- ment for 1944-45, 673.


Convention Facilities: Hotel rooms with bath, 579; without bath, 221; total, 800. Max- imum capacity of lodging accommodations, 1,374 persons; capacity in excess of ordinary requirements, 700 persons. Assembly halls, capacity, 800; ballroom capacity, 590; twelve committee rooms, auditorium, seating capacity, 1,750; Armory Auditorium, seating capacity, 2,500.


County: Durham County was created by act of the General Assembly in 1881 from parts of Orange and Wake counties. While Durham is not a large county, it is the center of the famous bright-leaf tobacco belt. Between 35 and 57 million pounds of tobacco are sold each year on the Durham market. Tobacco is the principal money crop, although cotton, corn and truck crops also are important. Dairying has increased rapidly during the past few years. The county has good roads and splendid schools and churches.


Education: Durham is recognized as being one of the leading educational centers of the South. Its colleges and university, its public school system, its schools of music and business schools are rated among the best in the South by leading educators. (See Colleges and Schools).


Fire Protection: Durham has a well-equipped fire department, with four stations and paid personnel, giving Durham first-class insurance rating.


Government: Durham has had the council-manager form of government since May 4, 1921. It is admitted to be one of the best governed cities in the state.


Health: Durham has a well-organized board of health, with 49 employees, charged with the supervision of health conditions in the entire county. It has been remarkably successful in its work. The white resident death rate for 1944 was only 6.4 (colored resident, 8.1) to the 1,000. The death rate for both races was 6.9. The birth rate for white was 23.1; for colored, 24.1; total, 23.4. Milk, meats, water, markets, dairies, hotels and eating places are carefully inspected.


Durham Public Library


Hospitals: Watts Hospital (public, white) is one of the finest hospitals in the South; value, $1,545,620; 226 beds; personnel of 94 physicians and 120 nurses; endowed by Mr. George W. Watts and partly supported by contributions from city and county. Lincoln Hospital (public, colored) ; value, $250,000; 108 beds; personnel of all physicians in Durham who are in good standing, and 56 nurses; partly supported by contributions from city and county. McPherson Hospital (private-eye, ear, nose and throat); value, $103,000; 35 beds and personnel of 4 physicians, 6 nurses and 4 office girls. Duke Hospital, with 575 beds, representing an investment of more than $3,000,000, is said to be the best-equipped hospital in the world. It was opened on July 21, 1930. During 1932 the Duke Hospital Nurses' Home was completed at a cost of over $300,000.


Hotels: Durham is unusually well provided with hotel facilities. The Washington Duke is one of the finest hotels in the South, having been constructed at a cost of more than $1,750,000. It has 300 bedrooms, all with bath. The Malbourne Hotel-200-room capacity- is a fireproof hotel and newly furnished throughout. Other hotels are the Lochmoor, Dur- ham (4 units) and McArthur, and the Biltmore and Jones hotels for colored people. Hotel rates, $1 to $5 per day; European plan.


Industries: Durham is the second largest industrial center in North Carolina, its out- put of manufactured products being valued at $160,336,002 annually (U. S. Census of Manu- facturers). It has large tobacco industries, manufacturing such well-known brands as Duke's Mixture and Bull Durham smoking tobaccos, and a great many brands of cigar-


19


INTRODUCTION


ettes, including the famous Chesterfield and Lucky Strike, and fifteen brands of Turkish cigarettes. It is the home of the Durham Hosiery Mills (manufacturers of Durable Durham Hosiery), and the Golden Belt Mfg. Co. (manufacturers of small bags and hosiery). There are also manufactured in Durham, Erwin and White Star sheetings and pillow cases; Virginia-Carolina fertilizers; Occoneechee, Peerless and Climax flours; blank books, cor- rugated boxes, wooden boxes, castings and iron products, harness and saddles, bread, ice, mattresses, brick, building materials, proprietary medicines, furniture, roofing, meat-pack- ing products and machinery. Due to proximity to source of raw materials, cheap electric power and its transportation facilities, Durham offers unexcelled opportunities for the lo- cation of industries. Durham is the home city of Camp Butner, where is now located the nation's largest Army general and convalescent hospital, in addition to other military units.


Location: Durham is situated in the geographical center of North Carolina, a few miles north of the center of population of the state. Its terrain is slightly rolling and is well drained.


Payrolls: The payrolls of Durham exceed $22,000,000 annually.


Population:


City of Durham


County of Durham


1890


5,485


1890


18,041


1900


6,679


1900


26,233


1910


18,241


1910


35,276


1920


21,719


1920


42,219


1930


52,037


1930


67,196


1940


60,195


1940


80,244


1944 est.


70,000


1944 est.


100,000


Post-Office Receipts:


1937


$337,110.83


1941


$409,266.19


1938


345,820.70


1942


420,616.08


1939


354,936.11


1943


556,117.82


1940


351,341.15


1944


671,732.49


Public Utilities: Durham has public utilities furnishing bus service, gas, telephone and electric current service. These facilities compare favorably, both in cost of service and in efficiency, with those in other cities of similar size.


Public Services:


1940


1941


1942


1943


1944


Electric meters


15,889


17,138


18,104


19,233


19,800


Telephones


9,761


10,954


12,078


13,184


12,700


Gas meters


3,000


2,869


3,074


3,209


3,400


Miles of paved streets


79


83


83


83


83


Miles of sidewalks


64


64


64


64


164


Miles of water mains


190


196.5


196.5


196.5


196.5


Miles of sewers


317


321


321


321


321


Number of water meters


12,027


14,000


14,000


13,381


13,415


Recreation: Community recreation, under supervision of the Playground and Recrea- tion Commission, supported by public taxation. Nine public parks, containing swimming pools, tennis courts, etc., 12 city playgrounds, and several large playgrounds maintained by industrial plants for the use of employees. Two 18-hole golf courses; magnificent country club; tennis and gun club; college football, baseball, basketball, track, boxing and wrest- ling. The schedules of Duke University and the University of North Carolina offer Durham citizens the opportunity of seeing some of the best college teams of the East and South in action. Both these universities have magnificent stadiums, that of the University of North Carolina seating 24,000, while the stadium of Duke University has a seating capacity of 40,000.


-


View of Hope Valley Country Club


Schools: The public school system of Durham is nationally-known for its equipment, high scholastic standards and progressive policies. Croft Secretarial School and Kennedy's Commercial School are fully accredited class "A" institutions.


City Schools Enrollment


1939-40


11,788


1940-41


11,962


1941-42


11,552


1942-43


11,285


1943-44


10,475


1944-45


10,040


-


Number of Schools: White, 14; colored, 7. Number of teachers, 371. Value of public school plant, $3,442,000.


20


INTRODUCTION


Duke University Chapel Tower


DERHAM COUNTY COURT


HOUSE


Durham County Court House


3


21


INTRODUCTION


Social Agencies: Young Men's Christian Association, Young Women's Christian Asso- ciation, Salvation Army, Red Cross, King's Daughters, Board of Charities and Public Wel- fare, Wright Refuge for Children, Junior League, Council of Social Agencies, Association for the Blind, Family Service Association, Council of Social Agencies, and Duke Legal Aid Clinic.


Streets: Durham is today one of the best paved cities in the state. The white-way lighting system in the business district is admitted to be one of the best in the South.


Taxes and Valuation: In 1944 the city of Durham had an assessed valuation of $96,987,325, with a city tax rate of $1.55 on the $100. Property assessed on 75% of true value. The county of Durham has an assessed valuation of $159,000,444 and a county tax rate of 55c. Property assessed on 75% of true value. No property tax is levied by the State.


Theatres: 5 motion-picture theatres for white, and 2 for colored. Total seating capac- ity, 5,490.


Transportation: Durham has five lines of railroad, radiating in seven directions. It has two lines of the Southern Railway, the Seaboard Air Line Railway, the Norfolk & Western Railway, the Durham & Southern Railway, and the Norfolk Southern Railroad. These rail- roads afford unusually good freight facilities. Durham is on the National Highway and the Central Highway, the principal routes between the North and South and between the East and West. Excellent bus service is maintained between Durham and Raleigh, Hender- son, Oxford, Roxboro, Greensboro, Chapel Hill, Pittsboro, Siler City and Danville, Va.


Water: Durham has an ample supply of pure water. An impounding reservoir com- pleted in 1926 stores 4,600,000,000 gallons, which, if used for no other purpose, would, at the present rate of consumption, supply the demand for a period of two years. There is no longer any danger of a water shortage. The water is excellent for domestic uses and is soft and free from iron, making it very desirable for industrial purposes.


-


View of One Eleven Corcoran Street, Constructed at a Cost of $1,000,000, in the Heart of Durham's Business District


Cashiers!


Tellers!


Clerks!


Do your employers furnish you with the latest edition of the City Directory


?


You need it at your elbow at all times, to protect your company from forgers and bad-check artists. A few questions, checked against City Directory informa- tion, will trip them at once. Intelligent use of the City Directory for this purpose has saved thousands of dollars and helped make some cities "too sharp" for bad-check "operators."


VITAL INFORMATION AT YOUR FINGER-TIPS!


Tens of thousands of people who were formerly strangers to the City Directory are consulting it on questions of citizenship, employment, sources of supply, communica- tion, etc. Also, Directory usage is up among regular subscribers.


More People Are SEEING CITY DIRECTORY ADS


24


ABBREVIATIONS


acct accountant


adj adjuster div


adv advertising dlr dealer


agcy agency


agri agricultural


agt


agent dr


al


..


alt . alteration


Am


American


appr apprentice


apts apartments


archt architect


asmbir assembler


Association


assoc .. ... associate


asst


assistant


atndt


attendant


atty


attorney


aud . auditor


auto automobile


avenue


A


.telephone


Bapt Baptist


bet


between


bey


beyond


bgemn .. baggageman


bkbndr .. bookbinder bkpr bookkeeper


bidg


building


bidr


builder


bik


block


blksınith .. blacksmith


birmkr .. boilermaker


blød


.... boulevard


br


branch


brklyr


bricklayer


brkmn .. brakeman


brnr


burner


CSP ... Christian gro


Science Practitioner h householder hairdrsr . . hairdresser pl


cabtnikr cabinetmaker ca pt captain


cash


cashier


Cath


Catholic


hl.pr


.. helper


Clı


Church


hngr


hanger


chauf


chem chemist or


chief chf


chkr


checker


inc


..


incorporated


civil


ins


insurance


inspr


inspector


instr


instructor


int rev


internal revenue


janitor


junior


jwlr


jeweler


compt .. comptometer kpr keeper


conductor


condr


confr .. confectioner


Cong . Congregational cons


contr


contractor


cor


corner


court


ct


custdn ... custodian


ctr


del delivery Luth


dep


.... deputy


dept department


dicta dictaphone


dietn


.. dletitian


.director dir


dispr


dispatcher


dist


district


reader Ry


Railway


RyMS


Railway Mail Service s or S South san sanitary Say .Savings


do ... ditto or same drive mkr maker sch School


mkt market se southeast


mldr moider se c secretary


mlnr milliner


elec electrical mn man ship shipping


electn electrician mono monotype


clectro .. electrotyper elev .. elevator


eng


engineer


engr engraver


Episc Episcopal


equip equipment


cast side


exam examiner


exch exchange


exec .executive


exp cxpress


factory


Federal


flgmn


flagman


fnshr


finisher


formn foreman


forwn forewoman frt


ft


ftr


fitter furn


furniture furngs furnishings gdnr gardener gds


genl


general


govt government pk park ter terrace


grocer pkr packer


pkwy parkway


... place


pim br


plumber


pishr


plstr


plasterer


pntr ... painter


PO


postoffice


president pres


Presby ... Presbyterian


prirdr .. . proofreader


prin ·principai


priv


.. private


prntr printer


prod


produce


prof


professor


prop


proprietor


prsfdr press feeder


prsmn pressman


prsr


. . presser


ptrnmkr patternmaker pub publishing pubir .. publisher


purch ... purchasing


r .. resides or rooms R C. . Roman Catholic rd


road RD .. Rural Delivery real est ... real estate rec receiving


recpt .. receptionist wid widow


representative


reprmn


..


repairman


wkr


wks


works


worker


mdse


mech


meter rdr


.. meter


rm


ABBREVIATIONS OF GIVEN NAMES


Abraham . Abr


Alexander Alex


Alfred Aif


Archibald Arch


Edward


Edw


Katherine


Kath


Margaret Margt


Michael Michl


Thomas


.


Thos


Benjamin


Benj


Frederick


Fredk


Patrick Path


Geo


Richard Richd


Robert


Robt


Samuel Saml


Solomon


Sol


Stephen Steph


Theodore . Theo


August


Aug


Eugene


Eug


| Meth .. Methodist


division niťg . . manufacturing


nıfr


.. manufacturer


Ingr manager


mimeo .. mimeograph


msngr messenger


Instr master


mtrmn motorman solr solicitor


multi .. multigraph spi special


mus music SO


mut mutual


n or N North


Natl


National


ne


northeast


near nr


ns.


.north side


nw northwest


O ... property owner


oťc office supt . . superintendent supvr Supervisor


surg


surgeon


opr


operator


optom


optometrist


sw


southwest


swtchmn ... switchman tab mach


tabulating machine


tchr


.. teacher


tech


. technician


tel


telephone


teleg


telegraph


tmkpr timekeeper tmstr teamster tndr tender


trans .. transportation trav traveling


trnmn


trainman


treas


treasurer


tstr


.. tester


twp


township


typ .. typist


undwrtr .. underwriter Univ University uphol . . .... upholsterer US ... United States USA


United States Army


USCG United


States Coast Guard USMC .. United States


Marine Corps


USMS


Unlted


States Maritime Service


USN


United States Navy vet veterinary vulc vuicanizer W Or W West whoi wholesale


whsemn


warehouseman


coml


commercial


jan


commission


jr


civ


cik clerk


clnr cleaner


clo clothing


collr collector


comn


comnr .. commissioner


lab


laborer


. .


iaby .laboratory Ibr


.lieutenant


lino


ilnotype


litho


lithographer


Indrs


laundress


Indry


laundry


cutter ltd limited


Lutheran


mach machinist rep


merchandise


mechanic


restr


restaurant


wldr


welder


...


ydmstr .. yardmaster


Wm


9-44


Catherine


Cath


George


James Jas


Chas


Daniei


Dan1


Joseph


Jos


..


polisher


pharm .. .pharmacist


photog .. photographer


phys


physician


pass passenger


pat . patent


pdir


peddier


goods


hdqtrs .. headquarters lid s hardware


chauffeur


hosp


hospitai


PS


. .


Public School


hsekpr .. housekeeper


chemical Hts Heights


implts implements


freight foot


fcty


Fed


drftsmn .. draftsman drsmkr .. dressmaker e or E East


| distr distributor


dmnstr .. demonstrator


alley


Assn . .


sht mtl .. sheet metal sis .sales smstrs .. seamstress soc society


... square Ss ... ... south side sta station


sta eng


stationary engineer


sten stenographer stereo ... stereotyper stmftr ·· steamfitter str setter


stvdr stevedore


..


sergt


sergeant


William


or mechanicai ret retail WS. .. West side wtchmn room .. watchman ydmn .... yardman


Met Metropolitan Rev Reverend


Arthur Arth Elizabeth Eliz


Charles


consulting lieut lumber


carp


carpenter


Hẹb


Hebrew


opp


opposite


osteo osteopath


emp


employee


mtce


maintenance


1


REFRIGERATION


CONTRACTING REPAIRS


APPLIANCES DURHAM ELECTRIC CONSTRUCTION CO. 118-119 ORANGE ST.


PHONE R-739


HILL'S DURHAM CITY DIRECTORY 1945-46


Copyright, 1946, by Hill Directory Co., Inc. For List of General Abbreviations see opposite page


SPECIAL ABBREVIATIONS


Ala


Alabama


Maplewd


Maplewood


AmTobCo


. American Tobacco Co


Bdwy


.Broadway


N&WRy


. Norfolk & Western Ry


ClevInd


Cleveland


Corp


Corporation


Del


Delaware


Edgewd dr


Edgewood Drive


Elmwd av.


Elmwood Avenue


Englewd av


.Englewood Avenue


Fleetwd


Fleetwood


Forest Wd dr.


. Forest Wood Drive


V-CChemCorp ... Virginla-Carolina Chemical Corp


Georgia Va Virginia


WUTeleg . Western Union Telegraph Co




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