USA > North Dakota > Stark County > Standard atlas of Stark County, North Dakota : including a plat book of the villages, cities and townships of the county, 1914 > Part 12
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"THE NEW STORE" A. O. Johnson
General Merchandise
BELFIELD,
NORTH DAKOTA
SIX PER CENT THE Western North Dakota RECORDER-POST Farm Loans SIX PER CENT
We can invest the idle funds of non- resident investors and net thein 6 per cent.
Your funds will be placed in ahso- lutely Gilt Edge First Mortgage Farm Loans, that will bear the closest Investigation
Our Board of Directors are old resi- cents of western North Dakota and are well versed in the loan and bank- ing business, being owners of the Merchants National Bank of Dickin- 5011
We court an early investigation of this field as a dependable loan field and our qualifications to represent non-residents safely and profitably.
MERCHANTS LOAN & SECURITIES CO. Dickinson, N. D.
DIRECTORS
President
Welton McDonald I. F. Davis . Vice President Wilson Ever - Secretary-Treasurer W. L. Richards M L. Ayers
CARTER & WHALEY, PROPS. Consolidation of the Dickinson Rec- order and the Dickinson Post INCREASED CIRCULATION Facilities the Very Best SUBSCRIPTION $1.50 PER YEAR Artistic Job Work Neatly Executed ROOM 9 JESSEN BUILDING Dickinson, N. D.
ADAM A. LEFOR DEALER IN
Dry Goods, Clothing, Boots and Shoes, Furniture, Hardware, General Merchandise, Crockery, Flour, Luni- ber. Lame, Salt, Machinery, Harness of all Kinds, Lands, Loans, Insurance, Horses, Caskets and Hearse for Funerals Business Transacted in English and German. Call me up by Telephone.
NOTARY PUBLIC Bring Your Country Produce Lefor, N. D.
W' L. Richards A. H. Pelton -
President
Supt. & Mine Mgr P. E. Deiter . Sec'y and Treasurer
Dakota Fuel Co. Miners and Shippers of QUALITY LIGNITE COAL Dry, Hard, Clean, Lumpy
Dickinson, N. D.
C. B. HANSON
H. L. Dickinson President H. C. Christensen - Vice President G. H. Dickinson, Secretary! Treasurer
Dickinson Mercantile Company Groceries, Provisions, Clothing, Hats, Caps, Boots and Shoes
Dickinson, N. D.
JOHN H. BREUM REAL ESTATE and LOAN AGENT
Dickinson Abstract & Real Estate Co. Established 1903
Dickinson. N. D.
Dickinson, N. D.
THE Everett Abstract Co.
(INCORPORATED, $10,000 DO CAPITAL) Bonded According to Laws of North Dakota
ABSTRACTS OF TITLE Abstracts of Title to Lands in Furnished to Lands in Stark County Stark and Dunn Counties Titles Quieted. Conveyancing. Taxes Paid
REAL ESTATE BOUGHT ANO SOLO Taxes Paid for Non-Residents Dickinson,
Fine List of Farm, Grazing and Hay Lamls for Sale or Exchange Town Lots and Residence Property for Sale or Rent Pays Taves, Collects Rent, Rents Farmis for Non-Residents LOANS ON FARM LANDS Buys, Sells or Exchanges Lanils for Sierchandise Stocks or Town Property PROMPT SERVICE TO PATRONS Richardlton State Bank
N. D. Richardton, N. D.
Evangelical Mutual Insurance Co.
Milbank. S. D. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Ben Moser
President Louis Lind Vice President Geo. Burry C. J. Koch John Dury, Paul Zafft Ed. Redman
Secretary Treasurer Director Director Director
HERMAN JURGENS, Agent, TAYLOR, N. D.
CLEANING and REPAIRING
Dickinson, N. D.
Taylor, - N. D.
Crowl-Schroeder Company
Mail Orders Given Special Attention
We "Money-Back" Our Goods Dickinson, -
N. D. Richardton,
N. D.
Dickinson,
N. D.
Dickinson, - N. D. |Dickinson,
N. D.
Farmers & Merchants STATE BANK General Banking
A T. Crowl G. A. Crow]
President Secretary H. F. Schroeder . Treas, and Mgr.
Peter Braun John Obrigewitsch
DICKINSON ROLLER MILLING CO. Manufacturers of HIGH GRADE FLOUR
Geo. Heaton Guy Hunter
President Vice President A. D. Heaton . Secretary-Treasurer
GEO. HEATON LUMBER CO.
Sash, Doors, Mouldings, Building Paper, Lumber, Lime, Cement, Ptaster
Anton Kubischta Owner and Breeder of Biojue Register No. 25680 Black Percheron Stallion Write or Call for Particulars
SOUTH SIDE CASH STORE MAX SCHWARTZ, Proprietor General Merchandise Belfield, N. D.
W. F. Burnett
President
F. C. Heffron L. R. Baird
MI L. McBride - Secretary- Treasurer M. M. Burnett Manager
HEFFRON & BAIRD, LAWYERS CURRENT-HEFFRON ABSTRACT CO.
Dealer in Farm and Ranch Lands LOANS AND INVESTMENTS Western North Dakota and Eastern Montana Lands Bought and Sold REFERENCES: First Nat'l Bank, Dickinson, N. D. First Nat'l Bank, Park River, N. D. Dickinson, N. D.
CASPAR VIRAG Merchant Tailor
Der Volksfreund BERNARD ARNOLD, Editor The First and Only Catholic Newspaper in North Oakofa Wide Circulation Throughout the Oakotas and Montana SUBSCRIPTION $1.50 PER YEAR Europe and Canada $2 00 Job Work Done in English and German
OUR BRANDS: White Rose. Family Fame, Dickinson Lilly
ADVERTISING SECTION
MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK i
INTHEATLANT HATIONAL BANK
Gommissioner of Stark County First District
U. S. Land Commissioner
D. HUGHES
Real Estate and Insurance
Office, Rear First National Bank BELFIELD, N. DAKOTA
OFFICERS : Howard Miller, President. S. L. Price, Vice President F. L Hutchinsou, Sec, and Treas. L. L. Wing, Manager.
People's Telephone Company Incorporated $50,000
Exchanges at Taylor, Richardton and Gladstone, North Dakota. Home Office, Taylor, N. D. DIRECTORS : F. L. Hutchinson, Sam Brand,
Fred Deeken, S. L. Price,
Howard Miller.
JACON KRIER, PETER WEGESSER
Notary Public.
Krier & Wegesser DEALERS IN Dry Goods Clothing, Boots and Shoes HATS AND CAPS Notions and Fancy Goods Groceries. Crockery ond Hardware Highest Prices Paid for Farin Pro- duce. Land For Sale old Money to Loan, Business transacted in Get- man and English.
GLADSTONE, N. D.
Hansen Rysmith,
Zenith, N. D.
Zenith Coal Company BELFIELD, NORTH DAK.
HENRY GROTH
Public Auctioneer Hebron, North Dak.
J. O. DAGLUM General Merchandise DAGLUM, N. D.
Subscribe For The Press To Get Reliable News OF City, County and State
Subscription $1.50 per Year Dickinson, = N. D.
PIONEER
CIGAR COMPANY
LOUIS TOBIAS, Proprietor
MANUFACTURERS OF
High Grade Havana Cigars Dickinson, N. D.
JUDSON CASH STORE Chas, Moscowitz, Prom. General Merchandise JUDSON, . N. DAK. C. W. Scharf & Co. DEALERS IN Implements and Harness BELFIELD, N. DAKOTA.
JOHN KAMPF Livery, Sale and Feed Barn
Gladstone, - North Dakota
R. FINGER
Meat Market and General Store SOUTH HEART, - N. DAK.
EVA M. ALCOTT
Teacher of Voice Culture
P. O. Box 513
Dickinson, N. D.
Belfield, North Dak.
Offices:
H. C. BERRY Attorney atLaw
First National Bank Bldg DICKINSON. NORTH DAKOTA
... THE ...
H. E. HANEY
Belfield Times
Harry Dence, Publisher
BELFIELD, N. D.
INCORPORATED 1902. Miners and Shippers of
High Grade Lignite The Best Lignite in North Dakota Ask your dealer for it. Mines at Zenith, N. D. ZENITH, NORTH DAK, DULUTH, MINN,
W. L. Richards, President J. F. Oavis, Vice President Wilson Eyer. Cashier Andrew Erdahl, Ass't Cashier
Merchants National Bank Capital $50,000 Dickinson, N. D.
HE
905 PRESS
PRES
LÁIN HỌAET IVAN'S REST
OF NORTH DAKOTA
Merchant Millers MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
Henry Truelsen, Pres, and Treas., Vice Pres. & Mgr. Duluth, Minn.
Attorney at Law Occident, Climax, Gold Heart, Lyons Best Flour DICKINSON, N. DAK.
B. J. Determan & Co. Dealer In
General merchandise
ADAM FORSTER Livery, Feed and Sale Stable RICHARDTON, - N. DAK,
Russell-
hotel Kibm Miller Milling CHAS. NOLAN PROPRIETOR Comp'ny
Dickinson, - N. D.
PAGE SI
ILLUSTRATIONS
C. B. HANSON, Lands, Loans and Insurance, DICKINSON, N. D.
CHAS. MOSCOWITZ, Dealer in General Merchandise, JUDSON, N. D.
FRED MASER, Judge of the County Court, DICKINSON, N. D.
-
JOHN NADOLSKI, Editor North Dakota Herald, DICKINSON, N. D.
1
C C. TURNER, Member House of Representatives, Thirty. first LegisIntive District and a resident of Stark County since 1882. GLADSTONE, & D.
ADAM F MISCHEL, County Commissioner, Thrdl District.
r
J W. SELLMAN, DELFIELD, N. D.
W L. RICHARDS, President Merchant's National Bank, DICKINSON, N. D.
T. N HARTUNG, Real Estate and Loans, DICKINSON, N D.
DELBERT HUGHES, County Commissioner, First District.
JESSEN BLOCK, DICKINSON, .N.D.
ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH AND PARSONAGE, DICKINSON, N. D.
ARMORY, DICKINSON, N. D.
CITY HALL, DICKINSON, & D
FRANK A ROQUETTE, County Commissioner, Second District.
STARK COUNTY COURT HOUSE, DICKINSON, N D.
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE 83
A. O. JOHNSON. Dealer in General Merchandise, BRIFIELD, N. D.
AUGUST VETTERLEIN, LEFOR, N. D.
WILSON BYER. Cashier Merchant's National Bank, DICKINSON, N D.
JOHN II BREUM, RICHARDTON, N. D
ROBERT IIOLM. DAGI,UM, N. D.
VILLARD STREET, Looking Fast, DICKINSON, N D.
VILLARD STREET, DICKINSON, & D.
ST. JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL. DICKINSON, Erected at a Cost of $100.000
MR. AND MRS. JOSEPH BRAULICK, RICHARDTON, N. D.
AUGUST REETZ AND FAMILY GROUP. HARRON, N. D.
PHOTOGRAPH FROM NELS G. SWENNING. GLADSTONE, N D.
MR AND MRS GEO GILMORE, BELFIELD, N. D
MAIN STREET, RICHARDTON, N. D.
HEART RIVER SCENE, DICKINSON, N. D.
SCENE NEAR DICKINSON, N D.
r
-
BOATING ON GREEN RIVER, Photograph From Jolin Fisher, DICKINSON, N. D.
PAGE 8;
ILLUSTRATIONS
THOMAS JEFFERSON MCDONALD, Mr. McDonald has resided in North Dakola for over 35 years, DICKINSON, N. D
MR. AND MRS H ENGEVIK, DAGI,UM, N D.
MR. AND MRS. J. O DAGLUM. DAGLUM, N. D.
JACOB MAERZ AND FAMILY, RICHARDTON, N. D.
MR. AND MRS. WM GARDNER, DAGLUME, N D.
PRIZE WINNING EXHIBIT OF STARK COUNTY PRODUCTS.
ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH, DICKINSON, N. D.
ST. JOHN'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH DICKINSON, N. D.
JOHN KAMPF. Justice ol the Peace, GLADSTONE, N. D.
CHURCH LOCATED ON SECTION 13, T. 137 N., R. 97 W. Photograph from Frank Obritschkewitsch, SCHIEFIELD, N. D.
1
SCENES ON FARM OF M. M. BOBB. TAYLOR, N. D.
:
PAGE 87
ILLUSTRATIONS
MASONIC TEMPLE, DICKINSON, Erected at a Cost of $60,000.
CARNEGIE PUBLIC LIBRARY. DICKINSON, N. D.
GRAIN TRAIN FROM DAKOTA DEVELOPMENT FARM NEAR HILLIDAY, UNLOADING AT TAYLOR, This Engine is Hauling 750 Bushels of Wheat.
SCENE ON FARM OF HECTOR BRUNETT, GAYLORD, N. D.
RESIDENCE OF ADAM GABE. TAYLOR, N. D.
SCENE ON FARM OF PETER FRIESZ, RICHARDTON, N. D.
RESIDENCE OF JOHN FISHER. On Green River. DICKINSON, N D.
SCENE ON FARM OF FRANK OBRITSCHKEWITSCH, SCHEFIELD, N. D.
STORE AND RESIDENCE OF J. O. DAGLUM. DAGIUM, N. D.
SCENE ON FARM OF JOHN LITTLE, GLADSTONE, N. D.
ST. CHARLES HOTEL AND HOTEL KIHM DICKINSON, N D.
ELKS HOME, DICKINSON.
PAGE So
ILLUSTRATIONS
NEW HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING, DICKINSON, N. D.
BUILDINGS ON FARM OF WM. E.BEL.
A HARVEST PICNIC NEAR DICKINSON, N. D.
RESIDENCE OF MILTON BOBB, TAYLOR, N. D.
IMMIGRATION CARAVAN THROUGH DICKINSON, N. D.
1
SCENE ON FARM OF MARCUS ZIMMERMANN, RICHARDTON, N. D
SCHOOL NO 4, SCHEFIELD SCHOOL DISTRICT, Located on S. 15, T. 137 N., R. 97 W., Photograph From Frank Obritschkewitsch, SCHEFIELD, N D.
HOME OF GOTTFRIED REBMANN, RICHARDTON, N. D.
-
HOME OF HERMAN JURGENS, TAYLOR, N. D.
RESIDENCE OF ERNEST KRUEGER, HEBRON, N D.
RESIDENCE OF GEO GILMORE, BRLFIELD, N. D.
DISC, DRILL AND HARROWING OUTFIT OF JAMES H. SHURTLIFF. Mrs. Shurthit looks after the engine, while Me. Shurtliff operates the machinery. This outfit covers a strip 31 feet wide and has a capacity of 75 acres per day. GLADSTONE, N. D.
SIMS STREET, DICKINSON, N. D.
SCENE ON FARM OF THORMOD SUNDE. DACLUM, N D.
UNITED STATES LAND SURVEYS
ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM United States Land Surveys
METES AND BOUNDS
u P to the time of the Revolutionary War, or until about tbo beginning of tho present century, land, when parcelled ont, and sold or granted, was described by " Metes and Bounds," and that system is still in existence in tho following States, or in thoso portions of them which had been sold or granted when the present plan of surveys was adopted, viz .: New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Texas, and tho six New England States. To describe land by " Metes and Bounds," is to bave a known land-mark for a place of beginning. and thon follow a line according to the compass-needle (or magnetic bearing), or tho course of a stream, or track of an ancient high- way. Thie plan has resulted in endless confusion and litigation, as land-marks decay and change, and it is a well-known fact that the compass-needlo varics aud doos not always point due North,
As an examplo of this plan of dividing lands, the following description of a farm laid ont by " Metes and Bonnds," is given: " Beginning at a stone on the Bank of Doe River, at & point where the highway from A. to B. crosses said river (see point marked C. on Diagram 1); tbonce 40. North of West 100 rods to a largo stump; thence 10º North of West 90 rods; tbence 15° West of North 80 rode to an oak tree (see Witness 'free on Diagram 1); thence dne East 150 rods to tbo bigbway; thence following the course of the highway 50 roda due North; thence 5º North of East 90 rods; tbence 45° East of South 60 rods; tbence 10º North of East 200 rods to the Doe River; thenco following the course of the river Soutbwesterly to the place of beginning." This, which is a very simple and moderate description by " Metes and Bounds," would love the boundaries of the farm as shown in Diagram 1.
DIAGRAM 1.
Mars
RIVER
DOE
EXPLANATION
State.123 Reds sýa00h
Ç'13 the starting point of the surety'
MERIDIANS AND BASE LINES DIAGRAM 2
MOUNTAIN STANDARD TIME
CENTRAL
STANDARD TIME
FASTERN
STANDARD TIME
NTERCOLANTAL
PACIFIC STANDARD TIME
ALBERTA
OCCIYEWAN
MANI
Fool
RM
NSAS
O
Reston
Jegtlto
SHINGTON
Spontane
MON
T
N
NORTH
Dufuld
Bismarch
MINNESOTA
Mistyring Marquel.
Superior
cake
Lake Trapn
Hudten
Che
S
TH
Minneapolis2
Toronto
NEW
PS.
CONN
SNAKE
PROCA CAPA:)
MIN
G
Decurva
City
@ Athance
I
O WA
Unduro
PENNSYLVANIA
Jury
G
CACA
A
UJ
BAS
pencer
Logan
eta
Salino
C
Cary
KANS
AS
MISSOURI
.
trenton
KENTUCKY
NORTH
alright
RHAND
reser verne
OKL
A H
Springs
Suchno
CAN
AR
ON
NEW
BAŞA
charitato
Atlanta
Macon
MENI
ESTACADO
Seymour
ALABAMA
GEORGIA
5
T
X
A
S
A
· For Dovi
2
Manter uma
Chihu
San Antonio
CHIHUAHUA
Imas
OF MEXICO
scalon
NUEVO
DURAN
O
LONGITUDE 85 WY from COUNTING
T HE present system of Governmental Land Surveys was adopted by Congress on the 7th of May, 1785. It has been in use ever since and is the legal method of de- scribing and dividing lands, It is called the "Rectangular System," that is, all its distances and bearings are measured from two lines which are at right angles to each other, viz .: +. These two lines, from which the measurements are made, are the Principal Meridians, which run North and South, and the Base Lines which run East and West. These Principal Meridians are established, with great accuracy. Each Principal Meridian has its Base Line, and these two lines form the basis or foundation for the aurveys or measurement of all the lands within the territory which they control. Diagram 2 shows all of the Principal Meridians and Base Lines in the United States, and from it the territory governed by each Meridian and Base Line may be readily
distinguished. Each Meridian and Base Line is marked with its proper number or name. Diagram 3 illustrates what is meant when this method is termed the "Rectangular System," and how the measurements are based on lines which run at right angles to each other. The heavy line running North and South (marked A. A.) on Diagram 3, represents the Principal Meridian, in this case say the 5th Principal Meridian. The heavy line running East and West (marked B. B.) is the Base Line. These lines are used as the starting points or basis of all measurements or surveys made in territory controlled by the 5th Principal Meridian, The same fact applies to all other Principal Meridians and their Base Lines. Commencing at the Principal Meridian, at intervals of six miles, lines are run North and South, parallel to the Meridian. This plan is followed both East and West of the Meridian throughout the territory controlled by the Meridian.
Entered According to Act of Congress, in the year 1909, by Goo. A. Ogle & Co., in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington D. C.
LABLO
Kyon City
AD
Lincoln
Neckuk
St Joseph
SIO
Frankfort
VIRGIN
CAROLINA
&ITENNESSEE
SOUTH
@ Lafayette
A
OMforrella
CAROLINA
ARK
.
LOWER
Fort Station
LAINE
Montgomery
Jaaliye
Hackso
Hermanaa
OCEAN
R
AJNON
COAHUILA
ATAMAÇLI
Arduauker &
Lansın
LAKE ERIE
ON
ZTVERMONT
LAMPJHIRE
Au
DAKOTA
NEW
E G
Rotst
WISCONSIN
DANSTY
D
OTA
Find du Lte
pincer
o Apune
Paradise Valley
NEBRASKA
Omaha
Des Moines
grania
Ofrcodro
Council Bluffs
NEV
Jules ducce
Valentine
Rawlings
MER
CONN .......
Jefferson
OHIOM
VIRGINIAA
OCEAN
R
K
NSASK
Atchison
COLORADO
Green J
ONTARIO
U
WRENCK MIN
& NEW
COLUMBIA
mollatt
BASC LINE
So Goulot» gault St Mary
HEMAINERI
LANE
SUPERIOR
BE
BRUNSWICK
VINHOJIYO
ILANO
STAHED
SISSIPPI
SUPPLEMENT I.
xdney
SUPPLEMENT 11.
These lines are termed "Range Lines." They divide the land into strips or divisions six miles wide, extending North and South, parallel with the Meridian. Esch division is called a Range. Ranges are numbered from one upward, comme cing at the Meridian; and their numbers ero indicated by Roman characters. For instance, the first division (or first aix miles) west of tho Meridion is Range I. West; tho next is Range II. West; then comes Rango III., IV., V., VI, VII., and so on, until the territory governed by another Principal Meridian is reached. In the same munner the Ranges Esst of tho Meridien are numbered, the words Fast or West being elways used to indicate the direction from the Principal Meridian. Sce Diagram 3.
Commencing at the Base Line, at intervals of six miles, lines are rnn Enst and West parallel with the Base Line. These are designated as Township Lines. They divide the land into strips or divisions six miles wide, extending East and West, parallel with the Base Line. This plan is followed both North and South of the Base Line until the territory governed by another Principal Meridian and Baso Line is reached. These divisions or Townships are unmbered from oue upward, both North and Sonth of the Base Line, and their numbers are indicated by figures. For instance : The first six milo division North of the Base Line is Townsbip I North ; the next is Township 2 North ; then comes Townehip 3, 4, 5, and 6, North, and so on. The same plan ia followed South of the Base Line; the Townships being designated as Township I Senth, Township 2 South, and so on. The " North " or "South" (the initials N. or S. being generally used) judicates the direction from the Base Line. Seo Diagram 3.
These Township and Range Lines, crossing each other, as shown in Diagram 3, form squares, which are called "Townships" or "Government Townships," which are six miles square, or as nearly that as it is possible to make theni. These Townships are a very important feature in locating or describing u picco of land. The location of e Government Township, however, is vory readily found when the number of the Township and Range is given, by merely counting the number indiested from the Base Line and Principal Meridian. As an example of this, Township 8 North, Range 4, West of the 5th Prineipil Meridiau, is at once located on tho square marked + on Diagram 3, by counting eight tiers north of the Base Line and 4 tiers west of the Meridian.
TOWNSHIPS OF LAND.
T OWNSHIPS are the largest sub- divisions of land run out by the United States Surveyors. In the Governmental Surveys Township Lines ara the first to be run, and a Township Corner is established every six miles and marked. This is called "Townshipping." After the Township Corners have been care- fully located, the Seetion and Quarter Section Corners are established. Each Township is six miles square and contains 23.040 aeres, or 36 square miles, as near as it is possible to make them. This, bowever, is fre- qnently made impossible by. (Ist) the pres- ence of lakes and Isrge streams; (2nd) by State bonndaries not falling exactly on Township Lines; (3rd) by the convergence of Meridians or curreture of the earth's surface; and (4th) by inaccurate surveys.
Each Township, unless it is one of the exceptional cases referred to, is divided into 36 squares, which are called Sections. These Sections ere intended to be one mile, or 320 rode, sqnere and contain 640 acres of land. Sectionr are numbered consecutively from 1 to 36, as shown on Diagram 4. Beginning with Section 1 in the Northeast Corner, they run Weat to 6, then East to 12, then West to 18, and so on, back and forth, until they end with Section 36 in the Southeast Corner.
Diagram 4 sbows & plat of a Township Ha it is divided and platted by the govern- ment surveyors. These Townships are called Government Townships or Congres- sional Townships, to distingnish them from Civil Townships or organized Townsbips, as frequently the lines of organized Town- shipa do not conform to the Government Toweship lines.
SECTIONS OF LAND.
TAGRAM 5 illsetrates how a section may be subdivided, although the Diagram only gives a few of the msny subdivisione into which a section may be divided. All Sections contain 640 acres-a number easily divisible. the convenience of the owners of the land.
DIAGRAM
190 7
OO R.
O. A.
·1 A.
DO A.
C
.
BOR.
04 R.
8. R.
70 R.
77
6
3
2
78 R
..
02 R
HZAIU
0
12
.7 ..
94 ..
.. ..
18
10
15
14
19
105.26
--
100.0 0.
MA
-
19
20
21
22
23
24
113.4 R.
4L
115.0 R.
119.2 R.
122.6 IL
29
27
26
120 0.
129.4 P.
132.8 P. I
130.2 A.
32
33
34
95
ae
139.6 R.
(49 R.
Seetione are subdivided into fractional parts to snit A half-section contains 320 acres; a quurter-section contains 160 acres; half of a quarter containe 80 acres, and quarter of a quarter contains 40 acres, and so on. Each piece of land is described according to the portion of the section which it embraces-as the Northeast quarter of Section 10; or the Sontheast quarter of the Southeast quarter of Section 10. Diagram 5 shows how many of these snbdivisione are platted, and elso shows the plan of designating and describing them by initisl letters as each parcel of land on the Diagram is marked with its description.
As has already been stated, all Sections (except Fractional Sections which are explained olsc- wbere) are supposed to contain 640 acres, and even though mistakes have been made in surveying, as is frequently the case, making seetions larger or smaller than 640 acres, the Government recog- nizes no variation, but. sells or granta each regular section as containing 640 acres "moro or less."
The Government Surveyors are not required to subdivide sections by running lines within tbem, but they usually establish Quarter Posts on Section Lines on cach side of a section at tho points marked A. B. C. and D. on Diagram 5. After establishing Townsbip corners, Section Lines are the next to bo run, and section cor- DIAGRAM 5. ners are established. When these are carefully located the Quarter Poats aro located at points ag nearly egnidistant between Seetion Corners as possible. These corners wben established by Government Surveyors cannot be changed, even though it is conclusively shown that mistakee have been made which cause some sectione or N. E. 1/4 quarter sections to be either larger or smaller than others. The lawa, however, of all the States provide certain rules for local anrveyors to follow in dividing Sections into smaller 160 A. parcels of lund than has been outlined in the Governmental surveya. For instance, in divid- 10 C ing a quarter eection into two pareels, the dis- alice between the Government Corners is eare- N. 1/2 of S. E. 1/4 fully measured and the new post is located at a 80 A point egnidistant between them. This plan is followed in running out "eighties," "forties," N. M . S.W.44 of 5.EX S. E.'A "twenties," etc. In this way, if the Govern- W. 1/2 320 ACRES. Quarter Pont (20 A.) of S. E.'A #S.EX (3) A.] 40 A. ment division overruns or falls short, cach portion gains or loses its proportion. Thie ie not tho case, however, withi Fractional Sections SUBDIVIDING A SECTION. along the North or West sides of a Townsbip, or adjoining a lake or largo etream.
DIAORAM &
IT
E
G
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OTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN
FO.T.
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DARD LIKT
FRACTIONAL PIECES OF LAND.
ONGRESSIONAL Townships very considerably asto size and boundaries. Mistakes mado in surveying and the fact that Meridians converge as they run North cauce every Township to vary more or less from the 23,040 acres which a perfect Township would contain. See Diagrem 4. In arranging a Township into Sectione all the eurplus or deficiency of land is given to, or taken from, the North and West tiera of Sections. In other words, all Sections in the Township are msdo full- 640 ecres- except those on the North end West, which are given all the land that is left after forming tho other 25 Sections.
Diagram 4 illustrates how the surplus or deficiency is distributed and the Sections it Precta. It will be eeen that Sectiona 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 18, 19, 30 and 31, are the "Fractions! Sections," or the Sections which are affected if the Township overruns or falls short. Inside of these Fractional Sections, all of the surplus or deficieney of land (over or under 640 aeres) ie carried to the " forties" or "eighties" that touch the Township Line. These pieces of land ars called "Fractional Forties" or "Fractional Eighties," as the case may he. Disgrame 4 and 6 ehow the manner of marking the acrenge and outlining the boundaries of theee "Fractione."
Diegram 6 illustrate how the surplus or deficiency of land inside of these Sections is distributed end which "forties" or "eighties" it affects. From this arrangement it will be
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