USA > Nebraska > Douglas County > Omaha > History of the city of Omaha, Nebraska > Part 97
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*J. B. Erion, in The Eagle, of May 9, 1891. The article in the Bre, referred to hy Mr. Krion, was in these words: "Seven years ago the start .- William Stewart, the old-time and reliable car- penter at the stock yards, arrived where South Omaha now is. seven years ago yesterday, and drove the first stake and erected the first of the improvements for the Union Stoek Yards Com- pany. Mr. Stewart thinks the transformation from half-tilled farm lands to a city of ten thousand inhabitants, and the third packing center in the United States, within seven years, is past fiction and almost equals table."
+ Thia was, in reality, a purchase from the syndicate already mentioned.
601
602
HISTORY OF SOUTH OMAHA.
by this instrument sixty-seven acres and sixty-six hundredths of an acre."
This conveyance was made upon the con- dition that the Union Stock Yards Company should cause to be opened through the tract an extension of L Street to the Union Pacific Railway right-of-way; also, a street sixty-six feet wide along the north line of the ground of the said Union Stock Yards Company from the north and south center line of section four west to the west line of section four.
The Stock Yards Company also purchased for one dollar, of the syndicate, June 3, 1887. seven acres and seven hundred and forty-six thousandthis of an acre. This con- veyance was made upon the condition that the grant should be used for track purposes only, and as a means of connection for dif- ferent railroads with the Union Stock Yards.
On September 15, following, the company purchased of the syndicate, one acre and seven hundred and eighty-three thousandths of an acre for the consideration of $1,947.60.
These before-mentioned tracts constitute all the conveyances heretofore made by the syndicate and its successor to the Union Stock Yards Company. But other parties have conveyed to the last mentioned com- pany, lands at different times, as follow: The Omaha and North Platte Railroad Company, November 23, 1887 ; L. A. Walker, July 11, 1889 ; Michael Cudahy, December 5, 1890; the Omaha Packing Company, January 31,1891; Balthas Jetter, June 30, 1892 ;* and Omaha Belt Line Railway Company, November 11, same year.
The Union Stock Yards Company have conveyed at various dates, to different par- ties, small tracts: March 20, 1888, to the Omaha and North Platte Railroad Com- pany; June 30, 1888, to Anderson Fow- ler, and others; January 26, 1889, to the George H. Hammond Co .; January 7, 1891, to Michael Cudahy; January 31, 1891, to the Omaha Packing Company; July 30, 1892, to Michael Cudahy; November 11, 1892, to the Union Pacific Railroad Company; No- vember 11, 1892, to the Omaha Belt Line Railroad Company.
At the time of the opening of the yards, . there had not been erected any Exchange building by the Union Stock Yards Com- pany, for the accommodation of its patrons, so the old Fred. Drexel house-a frame structure of two stories in height, and in size about twenty-eight by forty feet- standing upon the ground first purchased by the company, was utilized for that pur- pose. The building stood just a little east of the southeast corner of the present Ex- change; it had six rooms up-stairs and four on the first floor.
The first commission man to do business at the yards was Edward Howe. Howe & Co, was the style of the firm, which received three cars of stock and quit the business. Several other firms started up, but all, in a short time, got tired and left. W. F. Brown & Co. (W. F. Brown and George Brown), began business in January, 1885, in the Ex- change-that is, in the old farm house, before described-and was the first commission firm "to stick." W. F. Brown, the senior . member of this pioneer firm, was also one of the first men in the Chicago yards. The firm of Wagner, Savage & Sanders, took a bed- room in the farm house, and began to re- ceive and sell stock, February 9, 1885; but the old bedroom has given place to room five, in the new Exchange. Green & Burke, also, did business in one of the best rooms in that same white frame house, and both are still, at the yards, although mem- bers of different firms .* The Stock Yards Company occupied the kitchen of the Drexel Exchange for their office, using the pantry, in lieu of a vault, for their valuables. In the cellar was a saloon. The Union Rendering Company had a bed-room for an office; and D. R. Scott, Frank Boyd and several others lived in the house. But the old farm-house, in 1888, took unto itself wheels, and rolled away -nigh to the Burlington & Missouri
* "The Union Stock Yarda Company has purchased two and one-half acres of ground from B. Jetter. The property is the old Jetter homestead at the west end of the Q Street viaduct, and lying north of that street. The price paid is $30,000. For some time negotiations have been pending for this piece of property, and its purchase means that the Stock Yards Com- pany intenda to make further improvements, which will be of a substantial and extensive character."-From the Omaha Bee of July 5, 1892.
* The commission men doing business at the stock yards (January 1893), are: Gasmann & Dudley, Perry Bros. & Co., Dorsey Bros. & Co., Garrow, Kelly & Co., Lawrence, Sweeney & Haro Live Stock Commission Co., H. Krebba & Co., M. H. Hegarty & Co., Perrine, Green & Co, Paddock & Co., Crill, Denny & Co., Wood Bros., Clay, Robioson & Co., W. F. Brown & Co., Jackson, Acker & Co., Martin Bros., Parkhurst & Hop- per, Hake & Reddington, Keenan & Smith, George Burke & Frazier, Byers Bras. & Co .. Foley & Chittenden, Spelts, Hitch- cock & Olney, Jackson, Higgins & Co., Gilebrist, Hanna & Acker, Smith, Cary & Co., George Adams & Burke, Brainard, Kichardson & Carpenter. Allen Root & Co., Boyer Bros. & Co., Frazier & Goodwin, McCloud-Love Live Stock Commission Co., Gosney Live Stock Co., Coffman-Smiley & Co., Campbell Com- mission Co., Waggoner, Birney & Co , The Bayer-McCoy Co., Moore, Campbell & Co .. Benton & Uoderwood, Cudahy Packing Co., E. T. Durland. & Co., The G H. Hammond Co., Omaha Packing Co., Lee Rothchild, Smith-Carey Co., Tuefel & Mc- Vicker, Vansant & Carey.
603
PROGRESS OF THE UNION STOCK YARDS.
River depot, on L Street-transformed into a residence more comely in its appear- ance, now the dwelling of I. A. Brayton.
The first building erected on the stock yards' site was a boarding house, or " hotel." It stood a few feet east of the Drexel farm house. Here, before the yards were opened, graders and other workmen were boarded and lodged. It was first known as the "Canfield House," afterwards as the " Union Stock Yards Hotel." After cattle began to come to the yards, not only those having charge of the pens, but " the knights of the prod-pole," who came in with stock, found accommodation there. During the summer and fall of 1885, several commission firms took rooms in the " hotel," for offices, among them Wood Bros., Mallory & Son, and Keenan & Hancock. Subsequently, the old frame building-two stories high-was torn down, giving place to cattle-pens; and South Omaha's first hostelry-its first "hotel"- was a thing of the past .*
The following, from the South Omaha Globe, of October 30, 1885, contains informa- tion of what was then a new enterprise for the Union Stock Yards Company:
"The brick walls of the new Exchange building, at the Union Stock Yards, will soon be completed if the present rate of progress is continued. They have gone up like magic during the past few weeks of splendid weather. The contractors are under bonds to finish the building by a certain date-January 1st [1886], consequently a large force of men are engaged on the work. Mills & Delaney have charge of the brick work; J. Douglas, the wood work; while the iron contracts have been placed with Chicago and St. Louis firms. The west end of the building will be but a few steps from the yards, while the east front will face the main line of the Union Pacific, about two hundred yards distant, and will be reached by a broad driveway, con- structed by means of a heavy fill across the low grounds, and which constitutes the approaches to a high bridge across a small stream [Mud Creek] which intervenes between the building and the main road. The building * will be four stories * in height, surmounted by a tower eighty feet high. The ground floor will contain the public office, and private parlors of the
*For nearly all these items concerning the first "Exchange building," credit is to be given J. B. Erion. (See The Eagle, of April 25, 1891 1.
Union Stock Yards Company-large dining room and accessories (kitchen, laundry, re- frigerator room, etc.), lunch room and bar room.
" The banking department will be on the second floor, directly over the stock yards company's offices, and occupy exactly the same amount of space. This floor, which is the main one, will also contain fifteen hand- some office rooms for the use of commission men. A wide corridor runs through the center of the building on each floor.
"The third floor will be divided into twenty-six sleeping rooms, stock room and parlor. The fourth (or Mansard roof floor) will contain thirty sleeping rooms.
" The contraets in the different depart- ments of mechanical work call for the best material and most skillful workmanship. When completed it will be an imposing edi- fice, costing from forty to fifty thousand dollars. The men doing business at the yards have, so far, been cooped up in a little frame building, and we almost fear some of them will get lost when first they begin to tread the spacious corridors, broad staircases and wide piazzas of the new stock exchange building."
The Exchange building, as it now stands, is a handsome structure of red brick, four stories high, with a basement. That portion of the building facing south was finished in 1886, and is 145 feet long and 42 feet in width, with ornamental projections at the ends and in the center, which adds to the beanty of the front and increases the width to sixty feet. Twelve foot corridors extend from end to end through the center of the building.
The rapidly-increasing business of the yards soon outgrew the accommodations afforded by the structure as first planned and a wing facing east forty-four feet in width, extending northward one hundred feet, of the same style and height as the main building, was added later. Along the south and east sides extends a porch, which forms the favorite resort of the habitnes of the Exchange during warm weather.
The first story of the Exchange is occupied by offices of the commission men, the hotel, the bar and barber shop. The second story is occupied by commission men and the tele- graph and railroad companies, for offices.
The third floor of the main building is also used for offices, and the wing is used for
604
HISTORY OF SOUTH OMAHA.
sleeping apartments. The Exchange Hall ocenpies one-half of the fourth floor of the wing, the other half being used for storage purposes. All this story of the main build- ing is used for sleeping rooms. The Ex- change Hotel uses the basement as a kitchen dining room, and for other purposes.
The year 1885, thoroughly tested the full capacities of the improvements made at the stock yards, and forced the able manage- ment in charge to make additional improve- ments of still greater proportions to meet the demands of the surrounding country. The company was officered as already stated, while .J. F. Boyd was made superintendent of yards. The directors were W. A. Paxton, J. A. McShane, Thomas Sturgis, P. E. Iler, J. F. Boyd, B. F. Smith, Joseph Frank and J. M. Woolworth.
Much opposition to the establishment of the stock yards at first was experienced from other cattle markets farther east. but the western cattle men kindly encouraged, in fact demanded the enlargement of the yards, promising to ship their stock to South Omaha as soon as the company could handle tbe shipments. It was but the natural course of events that South Omaha should become a very large stock market. Albany, N. Y., was forced to give up its hold on the stock business to Buffalo, at the foot of the lake, and Buffalo afterwards graciously sur- rendered her supremacy to Chicago.
Thus far it seemed apparent that every dollar invested by the Union Stock Yards Company had been warranted, even to the $60,000 Exchange building.
Receipts from, and shipments by the fol- lowing roads during 1885, were of car loads of stock as follow:
Receipts. Ship-
ments,
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul.
38
932
Omaha & St. Louis
25
85
Missouri Pacific.
343
69
Union Pacific ..
6,547
295
Chicago & Northwestern.
30
1,033
Burlington & Missouri River
692
1,680
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific
45 1,101
Chicago St Paul.Minneapolis&Omaha.
145
108
Fremont, Elkhorn & Missouri Valley.
360
...
Receipts at, and shipments from the stock yards during 1885, of live stock, were as follow:
Receipts.
Shipments.
Cattle
114,163
83,233
Hogs.
130.867
71,919
Sheep
18.985
8,404
Horses and Mules.
1.959
1,415
In 1885, there were driven out of the yards or sold to Omaha packers :
Driven Out
Sold lo Omaha Packers.
Cattle
337
1,273
Hogs
1
819
Sheep
28
59
Horses
25
" What are they doing in South Omaha ?" asked the Omaha Bee, about the middle of May, 1886. " Does the business there amount to anything? Are they getting much live stock at the yards? Will it ever be a great cattle and hog market? and will it ever amount to anything as a slaughtering point ? These and many other similar ques- tions are daily asked by citizens of Omaha who do not realize that, just south of our city limits, a business is growing up that in the near future will surpass, in point of capital employed and business importance, the entire wholesale and manufacturing in- terests of Omaha in 1886." And the Bee, in this its draft upon the future, as will pre- sently be seen, was entirely right-only the the half was not declared!
" The careless observer who may have visited the Chicago yards, and who estim- ates the importance of a business by the number of acres of land it occupies, and does not take into consideration the length of time it has been established, might take a casual survey of the yards and go away satisfied in his own mind that the South Omaha Stock Yards amount to very little."
But the paper quoted also says: "It was only a short time ago that a few enterpris- ing men met in the open prairie, set their stakes and said: 'Here we will build stock yards which can be enlarged as the business developes; here we will build packing houses that shall have a capacity sufficient to handle all the live stock of the North- west; here we will lay out town lots to be built upon and occupied by our employes and by others having interests here.' The yards were built; a packing house [Ham- mond's] was built; stores and private dwell- ings went up; but no sooner was it known that stock would be shipped to the yards, that it would be sold here for shipment and for slaughtering, than the most violent oppo- sition was encountered from other markets. Chicago sent men here, not to establish com- mission houses, but to turn business away from here, to spy out sales made to specu- lators and then telegraph the price to Chi-
605
PROGRESS OF THE UNION STOCK YARDS.
cago, that the stock on arrival might be sold at a loss to the speculator, thereby making it unprofitable for him to operate on this mar- ket. In spite of all the opposition the market continued to thrive, the yards were enlarged, the capacity of the packing house was increased, western cattlemen gave every encouragement and promised to ship all their stock here as soon as the yards could handle it. * *
" That something more than talk and cheap advertising." continues the Bee, "are necessary to make a market, was at once realized by the stock yards company; and it is to be doubted if any enterprise in the West has been pushed with greater vigor, or if any company has been more ready to take advantage of the opportunities presented than the Union Stock Yards Company, of South Omaha. They have worked quietly and without any display; if anything, they have been too quiet, and should have made more noise in the world.
" To-day the company are moving into the new Stock Exchange building, a struc- ture which would be a credit to any city or any market. It has just been completed at a cost of sixty thousand dollars, and is sixty by one hundred and forty feet on the ground, four stories in height. It will be occupied by the stock yards company and by the com- mission firms-the balance being used for banking and hotel purposes. The old build- ing, together with the hotel, will be removed to make room for the extension of the yards. A force of men are engaged in making brick which will be used in building the new pack- ing house to be occupied by Fowler Bros., of Chicago. The plans and exact dimen- sions of this packing house have not been completed yet, though the ground is being graded down ready for it. This much, how- ever, is known, that it will be fully as large as Hammond's, and will be used exelusively for slaughtering hogs. * * *
" To give some idea of the growth of the business done at the yards, compare receipts of the present year with a year ago. In April, 1885, the receipts were 955 cattle, 8,506 liogs, 375 sheep and 56 horses; in April, 1886, the receipts amounted to 8,217 cattle, 20,780 hogs, 822 sheep and 84 horses. The bulk of all the receipts are handled by commission men, who are well represented by M. Burke & Sons, George Burke, mana- ger; [W. F. Brown & Co.]; Savage & Green;
Keenan & Hancock, represented by Draper Smith; Wood Bros., represented by Walter Wood and John Dadisman, and George Ad- ams & Burke, represented by Andy Gilles- pie and Frank Chittenden."
The Union Stock Yards Bank, with an authorized capital of $500,000, and a sub- scribed capital of $200,000, opened for busi- ness November 24, 1886. Officers: John A. McShane, president; W. A. Paxton, vice president; E. B. Branch, cashier. Directors: John A. McShane, Herman Kountze, W. A. Paxton, Peter E. Iler, John A. Creighton, Frederick H. Davis; Samuel W. Allerton, Chicago; Robert D. Fowler, Chicago; M. C. Keith, North Platte. The establishing of this bank had become a necessity as well as convenience, for the transaction of the bank- ing business rapidly accumulating at the stock yards. The volume of business had daily swelled by increasing shipments of live stock to the yards, and these large transac- tions could not well be managed without a local bank. It occupied the banking office in the Exchange building, and transacted a general banking business in all its depart- ments. It has since given place to the Union Stock Yards National Bank.
The receipts of live stock at the Union Stock Yards, and the shipments from them during the year of 1886, were-
Receipts
Shipments
Cattle
144,457
73,120
Hogs
390,187
187,369
Sheep
40,195 17,728
Horses and Mules. . 3,028 1,857
The receipts of car loads of stock at the yards from the different roads, in 1886, and the shipments over the same roads for the same period, were-
Receipts Shipments
Chicago, Milwauke & St. Paul.
13
762
Omaha & St. Louis.
47
68
Missouri Pacific
1.519
69
Union Pacific. 7,802
314
Chicago & Northwestern. 43
1,741
Burlington & Missouri River 2,163
2,104
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific
14
1,431
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha
901
118
Fremont, Elkhorn & Missouri Val-
ley
1,068
These tabular statements convey " in lan- guage too plain to be misunderstood," the volume of business at the Union Stock Yards, for the year 1886. And the following as clearly shows the increase for the first six months of 1886 over the same months of 1885:
606
HISTORY OF SOUTH OMAHA.
Receipts for six months ending June-
1885
1886
Cattle
15,113
43 605
Hogs.
55 043
149 242
Sheep
4.561
12,546
Horses
598
1,339
Shipments for six months ending June-
1885
1886
Cattle
10,520
14.718
Hogs.
24,485
82,355
Sheep
2,700
5,092
Horses
530
561
Consumed in Omaha during six months ending June-
1885
1886
Cattle
4,593
28.887
Hogs
.30,555
66.887
Sheep
1 861
7,454
The ending of the year 1886 made it evi- dent to all parties immediately concerned, as well as to the public at large, that the
Union Stock Yards of South Omaha, were placed upon a firm and permanent basis, that its business was sure to increase from year to year for an indefinite period, and that it would always be a great live stock center. The statistics accessible to all, ofits business ever since its first receipt of cattle, clearly and emphatically demonstrated (as in this chapter has already been shown) how complete was the success of the yards.
From (and including) the first day of 1887 to (and including) the last day of 1892, there has been no time when any resident of South Omaha-of Omaha-of Nebraska- of the entire West-could reasonably doubt the permanent character of the Union Stock Yards, of this city. It is only necessary then, hereafter, to mention in a general way the progress of these yards to the beginning of 1893, and their present condition.
The receipts of car loads of stock by the different railroads connected with the yards since the first, in 1884, to the close of 1892, werc, by the-
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul.
16
38
13
538
589
1,263
1,290
1,516
1,180
Omaha & St. Louis.
25
47
599
656
956
1,342
1,245
950
Missouri Pacific.
343
1.519
1.332
1,594
1.845
2 239
2,589
2.443
Union Pacific ..
4,322
6,547
7,802
10 842 13,080 370
454
1.074
1,158
921
494
Burlington & Missouri River
1
692
2,163
7,738
10,806
12,153
17,056
11,423
17,616
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
1.206
2,026
2,466
1.261
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific (East).
21
45
14
490
903
1,' 83
1,582
819
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha
17
115
901
2.214
3.071
3,708
4,265
4.938
Fremont, Elkhorn & Missouri Valley ...
360
1,068
3,300
689
7,838
9,990
10,281
12,371
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific (West). .
1,556
Total
4,387
8,195
13,570
27,423
30,492
42,721
54,283
47,754
58,644
The shipments of car loads of stock by the different railroads connected with the yards, during the same period were, by the-
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul.
755
932
762
1,737
2,468
1,426
2,457
2,082
5,417
Omaha & St. Louis ..
85
85
68
98
336
272
246
592
384
Missouri Pacific
9
69
69
130
99
262
363
267
247
Union Pacific
112
295
314
477
521
911
774
801 3,234
663
Chicago & Northwestern
516
1,033
1,741
2.341
2,604
3,206
3.825
2.264
Burlington & Missouri River
1,145
1,680
2,104
2,637
3,741
747
615
656
778
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
5,611
7,234
4,738
5,117
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific (East) ...
1,430
1,104
1,431
2,661
4.249
1,031
781
1,263
1,276
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha
37
108
118
147
171
227
428
554
715
Fremont, Elkhorn & Missouri Valley ....
176
329
437
415
470
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific (West) ..
56
Total
4,089
5,306
6,607
10,228
14,365
14,022
17,160
14,597
17,387
-
11.466
15,016
Chicago & Northwestern.
10
30
43
540 2,084
12,412
14,391
607
PROGRESS OF TIIE UNION STOCK YARDS.
The receipts of stock at the yards from their opening in 1884, to the close of 1892, were-
Cattle
Hogs
Sheep
Horses and Mules
1984
86,898
1,863
4.188
466
1885.
114,163
130.867
18,985
1,959
1886.
144,457
390,487
40,195
3,028
1887.
235,723
1,011,706
76,014
3,202
1888.
340,469
1,283,600
158.503
5,035
1889.
467,340
1.206.605
159,053
7.595
1890.
606,699
1,673,314
156,186
5,318
1891.
593,044
1,462,423
170,849
8 592
1892.
738.186
1.705.687
185,457
14,183
The receipts of stock driven in by local stock raisers, received via the "Sarpy Cen- tral," as it is locally known, during the past seven years are as follow:
Cattle
Hogs
Sheep
1886
1,778
5,130
485
1887
3,990
5.548
1,360
1888.
3,201
8,977
1,456
1889
4,284
11,200
1,234
1890
4,385
14.344
1,311
1891
8,036
16,763
175
1892
8,871
15,884
1,092
The shipments of stock from the yards during the same period, were-
Cattle
Hogs
Sheep
Horses and Mules
1884.
81,955
500
1,273
417
1885.
83.233
71.919
8,408
1,415
1886.
73,120
187,369
17,728
1,857
1887.
151,419
140,726
56,444
1,856
1888.
206,064
333,228
118,208
3,799
1889. .
227,921
179.916
103.250
6,744
1890.
283,880
275,638
94,464
4,935
1891.
267,730
245,046
89,416
7.895
1892.
280,703
380,647
83 338
12,048
From the opening of the yards in 1884, to the close of 1892, the largest recipts of stock in one day, were-
Cattle, October 19, 1891.
6,784
Hogs, August, 12, 1890.
16.725
Sheep, September 24, 1891
8,782
Horses and mules; June 6, 1889
718
Cars, May 17, 1892
420
Largest receipts of stock in one week were-
Cattle week ending October 31. 1891 .... 37,190
Hogs, week ending July 31. 1890. 75,797
Sheep, week ending September 30, 1890 .. 12,817 Horses and mules, week ending Septem- ber 14, 1892 1,083
Cars, week ending October 31, 1890. 1,947
Largest receipts of stock in one month, were-
Cattle, October, 1892
90.037
Hogs, August, 1890.
256.322
Sheep, October 1888
31,829
Horses and mules, June, 1889. 2,073
Cars, August, 1890
5,859
Largest receipts of stock in one year were-
Cattle, 1892
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